Science 9 Q3 Week 4

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SCIENCE 9

3rd QUARTER
Module 4
HARNESSING GEOTHERMAL ENERGY

Figure 1&2. Palinpinon Geothermal Power Plant in Sitio Nasulo, Brgy. Puhagan, Valencia,
Negros Oriental, Philippines

Photograph courtesy of Mike Gonzales from Wikimedia Commons

Most Essential Learning Competency


Illustrate how energy from volcanoes may be tapped for human use. (S9ES-IIIc-d-28)

To the Learner
This module was specially designed to help you understand and apply the
lesson objectives. To achieve the objectives of this module, read and follow the
simple instructions as your guide.
1. Always take time to read the lessons carefully.
2. Follow the directions in the activities diligently.
3. Answer all the parts of your module required to be answered.
4. Ask help from your parents or guardians to guide you in doing the
activities.
5. Note important concepts and list questions you would like to ask your
teacher.
6. Reflect on the concepts that you have learned.
The Writer
LESSON 4: HARNESSING GEOTHERMAL ENERGY

Expectations
This module will help you illustrate how energy from volcanoes may be tapped
for human use.

After going through this module, you are expected to:


 Explain how geothermal energy is transformed into electrical energy.
 Illustrate how energy from volcanoes may be tapped for human use.
 Identify the advantages and disadvantages of using geothermal energy.

Now that you know what are the


expected topics for you to learn, it’ s
time to find out how much you know
about geothermal energy by
answering the pre-test. Doing this
will give you an idea of the lesson.

Pre-test
Direction: Read each question carefully. Write your answer on the blank provided
before each number.

____ 1. What energy comes from deep beneath the surface of the Earth?
a. Solar b. Biomass c. Nuclear d. Geothermal

____ 2. What equipment produces electricity in a geothermal power plant?


a. Wells b. Turbine c. Generator d. Cooling tower

____ 3. What does it mean when we say that geothermal energy is “sustainable”?
a. That it will not be used up
b. That there is a limited supply
c. That it generates greenhouse gases
d. That it can be used anywhere on Earth

____ 4. Which of the following is NOT considered an advantage in building a


geothermal power plant?
a. Installation Cost c. Less pollution level
b. No fuel requirement d. Source of Renewable Energy

____ 5. How geothermal energy turns into electrical energy?


a. When steam is delivered to the generator, it powers the turbine that
produces electricity.
b. When steam is delivered to the turbine, it powers the condenser that
produces electricity.
c. When steam is delivered to the generator, it powers the transformer that
produces electricity.
d. When steam is delivered to the turbine, it powers the generator that produces
electricity.

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Looking Back
Philippines ranked third in the world’s production of geothermal energy and
managed to produce 1,600MW geothermal power production.
Previously, you learned the different volcanoes in the Philippines which are
sources of geothermal energy. Using the concept, help Steamy find the correct path that
will guide him out of the maze. Your clue is the power plants found in the Philippines.

Direction: Choose the correct path using the different geothermal power plants
in the Philippines. Color the right path so Steamy will be guided out.

Brief Introduction
As the effects of climate change are visible around the world, including the
Philippines, a cleaner source of power is very much needed. The geothermal energy
source has the potential to make a difference in the Philippines. Our country is one of
the world’s top producers of geothermal power after the US and Indonesia since our
country is located along the Ring of Fire zone of Pacific volcanoes.
Geothermal energy is a form of renewable energy produced by heat from the
earth. Unlike other energy sources is considered safe because it does not produce
Greenhouse Gases that are harmful to the environment.

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Here’s How Geothermal Power Plant works

Figure 1. Flash Steam Power Plant shows how water and steam separate. Energy for
Keeps: Electricity from Renewable Energy

Table 1. Advantages and Disadvantages of Geothermal Energy

Advantages Disadvantages

Eco-friendly. They do not produce Financial Constraint. The


by-products that are harmful to the installation cost of a geothermal power
environment. Pollution level is much plant is quite high.
lower
Location Restricted. It needs to be
Renewable energy. An exceptionally built in places where the energy is
constant source of energy. accessible.

A sustainable source of energy. It Risk of triggering an earthquake.


provides a reliable source of energy as Due to alterations in the Earth’s
compared to other renewable structure as a result of digging.
resources.
Gases are released during digging.
No fuel is required. It is a naturally There are gases stored under the
occurring resource there is no fuel Earth’s surface which are released
required. into the atmosphere during digging.

Cost-effective. The government need Sustainability Management.


not to import fuel for geothermal Reservoirs can be depleted if the fluid
power plants. is removed faster than replaced.

Activity 1
Caption Me!!!
Objectives:
1. Explain how geothermal energy is transformed into electrical energy.

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Directions:
Steamy is in an art gallery but the pictures displayed do not have their caption.
Help Steamy to put the right caption by describing each picture below. Choose your
answer from the box below.

 The cooled water is pumped back into the earth to begin the process again.
 The heat from the earth warms water that has seeped into an underground
reservoir, wells are drilled into the ground to pump hot water to the surface.
 The cooling tower cools the steam which condenses back to the water.
 Hot pressurized water turns into steam as it reaches the surface.
 The steam spins the turbine and the rotational energy from the turning turbine
is utilized to spin the magnets inside a large coil which drives a generator then
eventually creates an electrical current. The two primary equipment used to
convert geothermal energy to electrical energy is the turbine and generator.
Electric current from the generator is sent to a step-up transformer outside
the power plant. It is transmitted over power lines to homes, buildings, and
business establishments.

I The process will begin here. Initially, ______ Then, _____________________________

__________________________________ __________________________________

__________________________________ __________________________________

__________________________________ __________________________________

The third process, ____________________

__________________________________

__________________________________

__________________________________

__________________________________

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In the cooling tower, ________________
__________________________________

__________________________________

__________________________________

__________________________________

__________________________________

The last and final process is when…_____


__________________________________

__________________________________

__________________________________

__________________________________

__________________________________

Activity 2 Guide Me Please!!!


Objective:
1. Illustrate how energy from volcanoes may be tapped for human use.

Direction:
Help Steamy to remember the process of how to generate electricity from a
geothermal power plant. Draw and label the geothermal power plant to show all the
processes involved.

Hmm… I can’t remember all the


processes in generating geothermal
energy. Could you please help me to
remember? Kindly draw the missing
parts/processes on the picture below
and label all the steps.

As shown in Figure 1, the process on how geothermal power plant works and
describing each process in Activity 1. Power plants are built in an area where it is
particularly hot just below the surface such as near a group of geysers, hot springs, or
volcanic activity. Let us complete the figure below to master the steps to generate
electricity in a geothermal power plant.

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GUIDE QUESTIONS:
1. Where are most power plants built?
______________________________________________________________________________

2. How do the turbine and generator function in a geothermal power plant?


______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
3. What process is involved in the cooling tower? Explain your answer.
______________________________________________________________________________

Activity 3
Pros and Cons!!!
Objective:
Identify the advantages and disadvantages of using geothermal energy.

Direction:
Read the following statement. Identify the advantages and disadvantages of using
geothermal energy. Color the star yellow ( ) if the statement is an advantage. If not,
color the minus sign red ( ).

1. Geothermal energy is extracted from the earth without


burning fossil fuels and practically less to no emissions of
greenhouse gases.
2. Man cannot just build a geothermal power plant in some
vacant land plot in all regions of Earth.

3. During the installation of power plant there are gases released


into the atmosphere during digging.

4. Geothermal energy is a naturally occurring resource there is


no fuel required.

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5. High investment costs for the geothermal systems and there is
no guarantee that the amount of energy to be harnessed
could justify the capital and expenditure and operation costs.

6. Geothermal reservoirs are naturally replenished. Geothermal


energy is a source of renewable energy that will last for a long
time.

7. Cost-effective, since it can be extracted locally, the


government need not import fuel for geothermal power plants.
The economic benefits remain in the region.

8. Geothermal energy also runs the risk of triggering


earthquakes, due to alterations in the Earth’s structure as a
result of digging.

9. It will not be used up for a long period time. It provides a


reliable source of energy as compared to other renewable
resources.

10. To maintain the sustainability of geothermal energy fluid


needs to be pumped back into the underground reservoirs
faster than it is depleted. It needs to be properly managed to
maintain its sustainability.

This is
Remember important!

Figure 2. Steps on Production of Geothermal Energy

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Table 2. Advantages and Disadvantages of Geothermal Energy
Advantages Disadvantages

Eco-friendly Financial Constraint

Renewable energy Location Restricted

A sustainable source of energy Risk of triggering an earthquake

No fuel required Gases are released during digging

Cost-effective Sustainability Management

Few more steps to finish this module.


Before you proceed to the Quiz part,
let’s check if you learned something
new today.

Check Your Understanding


Direction: Supply the missing words to complete the following statements.

I learned that …
Geothermal energy is a form of 1. ______________________energy produced
by heat from the earth. Unlike other energy source it is considered safe because it does
not produce 2. ___________________ that are harmful to the environment.

A geothermal power plant is like a regular power plant except that no fuel
is burned to heat 3. _____________ into 4.______________. The steam in a geothermal
power plant is heated by the Earth. Like other power plants, they use many of the same
components including 5. ____________________, 6. ____________________ and other
standard power operating equipment.

Using geothermal energy has advantages and these are 7. ______________


and 8. ___________________________________. However, 9.
______________________________ and 10. _____________________________________ are
some of the disadvantages in using this source of energy.

Post-test
Direction: Read each question carefully. Choose the letter of the correct answer.
Write your answer on the blank provided before the number.

____ 1. When humans generate electricity by using the heat of the Earth it’s called?
a. Solar energy c. Geothermal energy
b. Nuclear energy d. Hydropower energy

____ 2. What is a generator?


a. A type of wind energy
b. A machine that creates radiation.
c. Energy beneath the Earth’s surface
d. A machine that turns mechanical energy into electrical energy.

____ 3. How do geothermal power plants function?


a. Water rises and pushes the lever
b. Coals heats up the water that turns to steam
c. Cold and warm water collide and force steam up
d. Water is heated up by a heating source which turns into steam and works
the equipment.

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____ 4. What are the two advantages of geothermal energy?
I. Cheap III. Expensive
II. Renewable IV. A lot of pollution
a. I and IV c. II and III
b. I and II d. III and IV

____ 5. Which one is a disadvantage in the use of geothermal energy?


a. Geothermal energy only works on windy days.
b. Geothermal energy requires fossil fuels to generate electricity.
c. Geothermal energy does not work if there are no rivers or moving water
nearby.
d. Geothermal energy doesn’t work everywhere since you need a heated source
nearby.

Reflection
Write reflective learning on this Module by completing the statement in
each box.

I have learned that The importance of I will apply the


geothermal energy is learning about learnings I have gained
_______________________ geothermal energy in this module by
_______________________ is/are the following: ______________________
_______________________ _______________________ ______________________
_______________________ _______________________ ______________________
_______________________ _______________________ ______________________
_______________________ _______________________ ______________________
_______________________ _______________________ ______________________
_______________________ _______________________ ______________________
_______________________ _______________________ ______________________
_______________________ _______________________ ______________________
_______________________ _______________________ ______________________
_______________________ _______________________ ______________________
_______________________ _______________________ ______________________
Science 9 Quarter 3 Week 4
_______________________
Name: ____________________________________ Grade & Section: _______________
Teacher: _________________________________Date: _____________ Score: ________
ANSWER SHEET
Learning Competency: Illustrate how energy from volcanoes may be tapped for
human use. (S9ES-IIIc-d-28)

Pre-test: Looking Back:


1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Activity 1: Caption Me!!!

Activity 2: Guide Me Please!!!

Guide Questions:
1. ___________________________________________________________________________
2. ___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
3. ___________________________________________________________________________

Activity 3: Pros and Cons!!! Check your Understanding


1. 6. 1. 6.
2. 7. 2. 7.
3. 8. 3. 8.
4. 9. 4. 9.
5. 10. 5. 10.

Post-test
1. 3. 5.
2. 4.

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