Factors Influencing Choice of Career

Factors that Influence the Career Choice Among Students
Parents’ Desire/Parental Pressure:
Choosing a career just to live up to the parents expectation is the most common decision
taking by students at an early stage, which they tend to regret later. Most of the students from
business families are by default expected to choose commerce and hence B.Com or BBA as
their suited career course. Some who resist submit to the parental pressure leading to an
unsuccessful career graph. Such influences under the garb of adhering to their guardians wish
are considered unfruitful for the students in long run.
Peer Persuasion:
This is the easiest way of getting away from taking self decision. Most of the students want to
follow the crowd to get to their destination. ‘Follow your friends’ is the most trending
exercise visible during the selection of a university/college. Majority choice is considered the
best choice. This mindset has increased the count in the mediocre group where students fail to
succeed in their career and just keep on it with an average performance.
Past Performance:
This is in fact the most unjustified and distorted basis of analyzing one’s performance and
interest area. In India, we are not only churned in an old education system of rote learning but
we believe in the numbers to prove our caliber. This practice of determining one’s interest
field based on one time exam performance has often led to a wrong career decision.
Potential:
Potential of a student can be legitimate criterion for choosing a career. Very few are able to
identify their potential and choose their subject of knowledge based on it. A career selected
on the basis of one’s potential has greater prospect of assuring success.
Placements:
We wish to choose a profession that can provide for our bread and butter. Placement
opportunities in a particular university are thus considered most important factor for the
students when they harp about their career choice. Good placement options are an important
motivation driver for students in their Career Planning.
Personality Driven:
Most of the people choose their interest field on the basis of their personality and character. It
can be the other way around also, when a career chooses them based on their personality.
Here personality includes not only the outward presentation of a student but the perception
he/she holds about society. A good communicator, who has good command on his/her
language skills, is more inclined towards a mass communication stream. Similarly, a good
leader who has the capacity to influence masses chooses a management field. Personality
traits always help in deciding a good career, for it is easy to hone the skills we already
acquire.
Affordability (Paisa):
This is the basic and the most essential criterion for most of them who set out to make their
career. Affordability or Paisa in lay man’s language determines the purchasing power of
individuals who dares to dream. In India, when Right to Education aims to ensure education
for all, it fails to distribute the standard quality of education. One, who can afford it, can only
receive the ace quality training, knowledge and plum opportunities. Most of the students
neglect their interest and choose a career that fits their pocket well.
Brig. Setia says” Career choice should not be based on any particular model or concept. One
should choose his/her career on the basis of his interest in a particular area. The above
mention model of 7 P’s can only be an influential factor in the career selection process, it
should not be the criterion for Career Planning”.
Career Planning is essential to ensure a successful and enriching work life.
Ginzberg’s Theory
According to the theory, a career is a long-term process. That requires education, vision,
values, goals, skills, and interests. Due to this, Ginzberg also mentions that vocational choices
of individuals are divided into 3 stages namely:
1. Childhood or infancy
2. Adolescence
3. Adulthood or maturity
Stage one – Childhood (2 to 11 years)
In this first stage, the child does a playful imitation. He role-plays and mimics many roles.
Similarly, the roles include fire-fighter, policeman, doctor, racer, and many more. According
to Ginzberg, children evolve from playful reproduction. In addition, they work simulation
near the end of this stage.
Stage two – Adolescence (11-17 years)
In this second stage, kids start to become aware of their surroundings. Which help them start
developing skills, abilities, and talents. Apart from that, they are characterized by their
interests and values. This stage is characterized by four main points
• Interest: Their fondness and dislikes.
• Capacity: The things they are better at. Compared to the ones at which they aren’t.
• Value: What’s important to them and what’s not?
• Changeover: The person takes for granted, his responsibilities, for his own dealings.
Stage Three – Adulthood (Above 17 years)
In this last stage, the actual career begins to appear apparently. The kid becomes aware of
college life and different paths. Firstly, they begin to recognize vocation alternatives.
Secondly, they make backup plans in case the original does not work. Thirdly and lastly, this
Stage is characterized by three sub stages that are listed below:
 Exploration stage: In this first part, the individual decides his trail. But remains untied to
other choices.
 Crystallization: In this second part, the individual becomes dedicated to one option.
Alongside, he focuses on other options.
 Specification: In this last part, the individual build-up fondness. Similarly, he takes precise
interest for part of the profession.
Conclusion of Ginzberg’s Theory

From this theory, Ginzberg drew out the following conclusions:
a. The process of career choice is limited to adolescence and adulthood stage.

b. Due to crisis and many other reasons, people change their occupation.
c. After retirement, their occupation changes.
This theory is also known as Developmental Theory. After this theory published. Many new
and improved theories were proposed by various scientists. But, the vocational theory still
serves as the base theory for career progress.

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Factors that Influence the Career Choice Among Students

Parents’ Desire/Parental Pressure:

Stage one – Childhood (2 to 11 years)

Stage two – Adolescence (11-17 years)

Stage Three – Adulthood (Above 17 years)

Conclusion of Ginzberg’s Theory

a. The process of career choice is limited to adolescence and adulthood stage.

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