MAA American Mathematics Competitions

36th Annual

AMC 8
Tuesday, November 10, 2020 through Monday, November 16, 2020

INSTRUCTIONS
1. DO NOT OPEN THIS BOOKLET UNTIL YOUR COMPETITION MANAGER
TELLS YOU TO BEGIN.
2. This is a 25-question multiple-choice competition. For each question, only one an-
swer choice is correct.
3. Mark your answer to each problem on the answer sheet with a #2 pencil. Check
blackened answers for accuracy and erase errors completely. Only answers that are
properly marked on the answer sheet will be scored.
4. SCORING: You will receive 1 point for each correct answer, 0 points for each prob-
lem left unanswered, and 0 points for each incorrect answer.
5. Only blank scratch paper, rulers, and erasers are allowed as aids. Prohibited
materials include calculators, smartwatches, phones, computing devices, compasses,
protractors, and graph paper. No problems on the competition will require the use
of a calculator.
6. Figures are not necessarily drawn to scale.
7. Before beginning the competition, your competition manager will ask you to re-
cord your name and other information on the answer sheet.
8. You will have 40 minutes to complete the competition once your competition
manager tells you to begin.
9. When you finish the competition, sign your name in the space provided on the
answer sheet.

The MAA AMC Office reserves the right to disqualify scores from a school if it determines that the rules or
the required security procedures were not followed.
The publication, reproduction, or communication of the problems or solutions of this competition during the
period when students are eligible to participate seriously jeopardizes the integrity of the results. Dissemination
via phone, email, or digital media of any type during this period is a violation of the competition rules.
© 2020 Mathematical Association of America
2 2020 MAA AMC 8

1. Luka is making lemonade to sell at a school fundraiser. His recipe requires

4 times as much water as sugar and twice as much sugar as lemon juice. He
uses 3 cups of lemon juice. How many cups of water does he need?

(A) 6 (B) 8 (C) 12 (D) 18 (E) 24

2. Four friends do yardwork for their neighbors over the weekend, earning
$15, $20, $25, and $40, respectively. They decide to split their earnings
equally among themselves. In total how much will the friend who earned
$40 give to the others?

(A) $5 (B) $10 (C) $15 (D) $20 (E) $25

3. Carrie has a rectangular garden that measures 6 feet by 8 feet. She plants
the entire garden with strawberry plants. Carrie is able to plant 4 strawberry
plants per square foot, and she harvests an average of 10 strawberries per
plant. How many strawberries can she expect to harvest?

(A) 560 (B) 960 (C) 1120 (D) 1920 (E) 3840

4. Three hexagons of increasing size are shown below. Suppose the dot pattern
continues so that each successive hexagon contains one more band of dots.
How many dots are in the next hexagon?

(A) 35 (B) 37 (C) 39 (D) 43 (E) 49

5. Three fourths of a pitcher is filled with pineapple juice. The pitcher is emp-
tied by pouring an equal amount of juice into each of 5 cups. What percent
of the total capacity of the pitcher did each cup receive?

(A) 5 (B) 10 (C) 15 (D) 20 (E) 25

2020 MAA AMC 8 3

6. Aaron, Darren, Karen, Maren, and Sharon rode on a small train that has five
cars that seat one person each. Maren sat in the last car. Aaron sat directly
behind Sharon. Darren sat in one of the cars in front of Aaron. At least one
person sat between Karen and Darren. Who sat in the middle car?

(A) Aaron (B) Darren (C) Karen (D) Maren (E) Sharon

7. How many integers between 2020 and 2400 have four distinct digits ar-
ranged in increasing order? (For example, 2357 is one such integer.)

(A) 9 (B) 10 (C) 15 (D) 21 (E) 28

8. Ricardo has 2020 coins, some of which are pennies (1-cent coins) and the
rest of which are nickels (5-cent coins). He has at least one penny and
at least one nickel. What is the difference in cents between the greatest
possible and least possible amounts of money that Ricardo can have?

(A) 8062 (B) 8068 (C) 8072 (D) 8076 (E) 8082

9. Akash’s birthday cake is in the form of a 4  4  4 inch cube. The cake

has icing on the top and the four side faces, and no icing on the bottom.
Suppose the cake is cut into 64 smaller cubes, each measuring 1  1  1
inch, as shown below. How many of the small pieces will have icing on
exactly two sides?

(A) 12 (B) 16 (C) 18 (D) 20 (E) 24

10. Zara has a collection of 4 marbles: an Aggie, a Bumblebee, a Steelie, and

a Tiger. She wants to display them in a row on a shelf, but does not want
to put the Steelie and the Tiger next to one another. In how many ways can
she do this?

(A) 6 (B) 8 (C) 12 (D) 18 (E) 24

4 2020 MAA AMC 8

11. After school, Maya and Naomi headed to the beach, 6 miles away. Maya
decided to bike while Naomi took a bus. The graph below shows their jour-
neys, indicating the time and distance traveled. What was the difference, in
miles per hour, between Naomi’s and Maya’s average speeds?
6
Naomi
5

4
Distance (miles)

Maya
3

5 10 15 20 25 30
Time (minutes)

(A) 6 (B) 12 (C) 18 (D) 20 (E) 24

12. For positive integer n, the factorial notation nŠ represents the product of the
integers from n to 1. (For example, 6Š D 6
5
4
3
2
1.) What value of
N satisfies the following equation?

5Š
9Š D 12
N Š

(A) 10 (B) 11 (C) 12 (D) 13 (E) 14

13. Jamal has a drawer containing 6 green socks, 18 purple socks, and 12 orange
socks. After adding more purple socks, Jamal noticed that there is now a
60% chance that a sock randomly selected from the drawer is purple. How
many purple socks did Jamal add?

(A) 6 (B) 9 (C) 12 (D) 18 (E) 24

2020 MAA AMC 8 5

14. There are 20 cities in the County of Newton. Their populations are shown
in the bar chart below. The average population of all the cities is indicated
by the horizontal dashed line. Which of the following is closest to the total
population of all 20 cities?

8000

6000
Population

4000

2000

Cities

(A) 65;000 (B) 75;000 (C) 85;000 (D) 95;000 (E) 105;000

15. Suppose 15% of x equals 20% of y. What percentage of x is y ?

1
(A) 5 (B) 35 (C) 75 (D) 133 (E) 300
3

16. Each of the points A; B; C; D; E; and F in the figure below represents a

different digit from 1 to 6. Each of the five lines shown passes through
some of these points. The digits along each line are added to produce five
sums, one for each line. The total of the five sums is 47. What is the digit
represented by B ?

A
F
B
E
D
C

(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4 (E) 5

6 2020 MAA AMC 8

17. How many factors of 2020 have more than 3 factors? (As an example, 12
has 6 factors, namely 1; 2; 3; 4; 6, and 12.)

(A) 6 (B) 7 (C) 8 (D) 9 (E) 10

18. Rectangle ABCD is inscribed in a semicircle with diameter FE, as shown

in the figure. Let DA D 16, and let FD D AE D 9. What is the area of
ABCD ?
C B

9 16 9
F D A E

(A) 240 (B) 248 (C) 256 (D) 264 (E) 272

19. A number is called flippy if its digits alternate between two distinct digits.
For example, 2020 and 37373 are flippy, but 3883 and 123123 are not. How
many five-digit flippy numbers are divisible by 15 ?

(A) 3 (B) 4 (C) 5 (D) 6 (E) 8

20. A scientist walking through a forest recorded as integers the heights of 5

trees standing in a row. She observed that each tree was either twice as tall
or half as tall as the one to its right. Unfortunately some of her data was lost
when rain fell on her notebook. Her notes are shown below, with blanks
indicating the missing numbers. Based on her observations, the scientist
was able to reconstruct the lost data. What was the average height of the
trees, in meters?
Tree 1 meters
Tree 2 11 meters
Tree 3 meters
Tree 4 meters
Tree 5 meters
Average height .2 meters

(A) 22:2 (B) 24:2 (C) 33:2 (D) 35:2 (E) 37:2
2020 MAA AMC 8 7

21. A game board consists of 64 squares that alternate in color between black
and white. The figure below shows square P in the bottom row and square
Q in the top row. A marker is placed at P . A step consists of moving the
marker onto one of the adjoining white squares in the row above. How many
7-step paths are there from P to Q ? (The figure shows a sample path.)
Q

(A) 28 (B) 30 (C) 32 (D) 33 (E) 35

22. When a positive integer N is fed into a machine, the output is a number
calculated according to the rule shown below.

if N is even N
2
N
if N is odd
3N + 1

For example, starting with an input of N D 7, the machine will output

3
7 C 1 D 22. Then if the output is repeatedly inserted into the machine
five more times, the final output is 26.

7 ! 22 ! 11 ! 34 ! 17 ! 52 ! 26

When the same 6-step process is applied to a different starting value of N ,

the final output is 1. What is the sum of all such integers N ?

N ! ! ! ! ! !1

(A) 73 (B) 74 (C) 75 (D) 82 (E) 83

8 2020 MAA AMC 8

23. Five different awards are to be given to three students. Each student will
receive at least one award. In how many different ways can the awards be
distributed?

(A) 120 (B) 150 (C) 180 (D) 210 (E) 240

24. A large square region is paved with n2 gray square tiles, each measuring s
inches on a side. A border d inches wide surrounds each tile. The figure
below shows the case for n D 3. When n D 24, the 576 gray tiles cover
64% of the area of the large square region. What is the ratio ds for this larger
value of n?

6 1 9 7 9
(A) (B) (C) (D) (E)
25 4 25 16 16

25. Rectangles R1 and R2 , and squares S1 , S2 , and S3 , shown below, combine

to form a rectangle that is 3322 units wide and 2020 units high. What is the
side length of S2 in units?

R2
S1
S2
S3
R1

(A) 651 (B) 655 (C) 656 (D) 662 (E) 666
 Scores and official competition solutions will be sent to your
competition manager who can share that information with you.
For more information about the MAA American Mathematics Competitions
program and our other competitions, please visit maa.org/amc.
Questions and comments about this competition should be sent to:
amcinfo@maa.org
or
MAA American Mathematics Competitions
P.O. Box 471
Annapolis Junction, MD 20701
The problems and solutions for this AMC 8 were prepared
by the MAA AMC 8 Editorial Board under the direction of:
Silva Chang and Zsuzsanna Szaniszlo

MAA Partner Organizations

We acknowledge the generosity of the following organizations
in supporting the MAA AMC and Invitational Competitions:
Patron’s Circle
Akamai Foundation
TBL Foundation
Innovator’s Circle
The D. E. Shaw Group
Two Sigma
Winner’s Circle
MathWorks
Tudor Investment Corporation
Achiever’s Circle
Art of Problem Solving
Jane Street Capital
Sustainer’s Circle
Ansatz Capital
Army Educational Outreach Program
Collaborator’s Circle
American Mathematical Society
American Statistical Association
Casualty Actuarial Society
Mu Alpha Theta
Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
 AMC 8
DO NOT OPEN UNTIL COMPETITION DAY.
The AMC 8 may be administered from
Tuesday, November 10, 2020 through Monday, November 16, 2020.

**Administration on an earlier date will disqualify your school’s results.**

• All the information needed to administer this competition is contained in
the AMC 8 Teacher’s Manual. PLEASE READ THE MANUAL BEFORE
TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 10, 2020.
• Answer sheets must be returned to the MAA AMC office within 24 hours
of the competition administration. Use an overnight or 2-day shipping
service, with a tracking number, to guarantee timely arrival of these an-
swer sheets. FedEx, UPS, or USPS overnight are strongly recommended.
• The publication, reproduction, or communication of the problems or so-
lutions of this competition during the period when students are eligible
to participate seriously jeopardizes the integrity of the results. Dissemi-
nation via phone, email, or digital media of any type during this period
is a violation of the competition rules.