QUESTIONS (Tous)

ANSWERS
A - a test for abrasive size
A - Air Pressure and Capacity
A - Deadman handle
A - SSPC-SP 10
A - Wiping with abrasive paper
A -Zinc carbonate
A -Lower Explosive Limit
A -Produce an anchor profile on the surface being cleaned
A Rivets, bolts or other connectors
A True
B - 350 cfm
B - 4 hours
B - 5,000 to 10,000 psi (34 to 70 MPa)
B - A higher degree of cleaning
B - Carbon dioxide
B - Carbon monoxide
B - Compressed air
B - Hardness Rockwell "C"
B - SSPC-SP 1
B False
C - 2 degrees of surface finish, St 2 & St 3
C - 75%
C - As short as practical
C - ASTM D4285
C - Facility Owner
C - Grade C
C - Nozzle aperture gauge
C - Processed cereal
C - Rockwell
C - Vis-3
C Epoxy and /or silicone resins
C -ISO 8501 - 1, St 3
C NACE RP-01-78
C -SSPC SP-1
C -Threshold Limit Value
D - cfm
D - Sheet Sandpaper
D - type of compressor used
D - Volatile Organic Compounds
D - With unskilled operators
D All of the above
D -All of the above
D -Needle gun
D -Saponification
E - 10
Total
 QUESTIONS ANSWERS
A disadvantage to the use of power tools is the burnishing effect likely to be produced on the metal surface: A True
A standard that defines Proper Design Considerations for Tanks and Vessels to be Lined for Immersion Service is: C NACE RP-01-78

A steel surface which shows most of the millscale rusted away, or from which it can be scraped, but with little pitting
C - Grade C
visible is defined by SSPC as ...?
A test for nozzle pressure of the optimum pressure should be made using the hypodermic needle pressure gauge during
A the blasting operation:
A True
A well-written coating specification will require a range of surface profile depth: A True
Abrasive blast cleaning standards commonly used in abrasive blast cleaning applications are produced by D -All of the above
Acid etch primers are commonly used to replace mechanical cleaning methods: B False
Any solvent can be used for solvent cleaning with equally good effect: B False
ASTM C136 describes: A - a test for abrasive size
Baking soda used for blasting is usually used in a water slurry: A True
Better distribution of abrasive in the blast pattern is achieved by using a venturi shaped nozzle: A True
Blast and air hose couplings should be wired together when in use for safety: A True
A -Produce an anchor profile on
Blast cleaning can be used to:
the surface being cleaned
Blast hoses generally contain carbon to provide static electricity grounding when the rubber touches the ground: A True
Blast hoses should have the same internal diameter as the blast nozzle used: B False
B Blast nozzle size can be checked using: C - Nozzle aperture gauge
Blast pots are pressure vessels, and should be pressure-tested at prescribed intervals to ensure compliance with
A True
regulations:
Blasting pressure may be reduced by: D -All of the above
Blasting using a wheelabrator is not commonly used: D - With unskilled operators
Blasting with a wheelabrator machine is often highly automated, and is best suited to repetitive blasting tasks at a fixed
A True
location:
Capacity of a compressor is measured in units of pressure, including: D - cfm
Caulking materials commonly used in preparation for painting include: C Epoxy and /or silicone resins

Ceramic abrasives can often achieve an effective cutting action at blasting pressures lower than normally employed for
A True
other abrasives:
Chemical paint-stripping is not a method of solvent cleaning (as defined by SSPC): B False
C Coating performance will be much better (and therefore more economical in the long-term) if fabrication or design defects
A True
are repaired prior to or during surface preparation activities:
Coating specifications normally have a requirement that coatings should not be applied if the temperature of the steel or
A True
the surrounding air is less than 3 degrees C (5 degrees F) above dew point:
Coatings and surface preparation method are generally chosen by the contractor: B False
 QUESTIONS ANSWERS
Coatings applied over a wet surface will generally not achieve adequate adhesion to the substrate: A True
Coatings may be applied to provide protection to which of the following surfaces: D All of the above
Coatings should generally be applied to a surface within ? hours of completion of surface preparation operations: B - 4 hours
Common design defects include: D All of the above
A Rivets, bolts or other
Common design features that cause problems for effective coating include:
connectors
Compressed air fed at low pressure to the blaster's helmet should be monitored for the presence of: B - Carbon monoxide
C Compressed air for the blast cleaning operation can be checked for the presence of oil or water by which simple test: C - ASTM D4285
Compressed air provided for blast cleaning may contain: D -All of the above
Compressors used for blast cleaning are generally rated for two characteristics: A - Air Pressure and Capacity
Cracks and crevices should never be removed by grinding: B False
Creating surface profile is important because it increases the surface area: A True
Crushed slag abrasives are generally used once only, then discarded: A True
Depth of surface profile can be evaluated by several methods, including: D -All of the above
Design problems that could lead to early coating failure include: D All of the above
D Dewpoint is defined as the temperature at which condensation occurs: A True
Dry Ice pellets used for blasting are made from: B - Carbon dioxide
Even though a blast cleaned surface matches the appearance of the required standard, it may contain enough 'non-
A True
visible' contamination to be unsuitable for coating:
E
Experts have said that as much as ___% of coating failure may be caused by inadequate or wrong surface preparation. C - 75%
For best long-term results, millscale should be removed from a surface to be painted: A True
F For standards of hand or power tool cleaning, ISO 8501 defines ...?
C - 2 degrees of surface finish,
St 2 & St 3
Good practice suggests that at least two coats of a coating system should be applied over the blast cleaned surface to
A True
ensure the surface profile is adequately covered:
G
Grounding blasting equipment is not required because any static electricity charge generated is a very low voltage: B False
Hand tool cleaning is commonly specified and used to remove all rust and millscale: B False
Hand tool cleaning is generally used: D -All of the above
Hand tool cleaning is often used for surface preparation because the labor costs are relatively low: B False
Hardness of abrasives is generally measured in units of: C - Rockwell
H Heavy rusted or corrosion-pitted steel is more difficult to clean thoroughly than new steel: A True
B - 5,000 to 10,000 psi (34 to
High Pressure Water Cleaning (HP WC) is cleaning performed at what pressure:
70 MPa)
High pressure water cleaning is essential if chalk deposits are to be removed from an aged coating surface: B False
 QUESTIONS ANSWERS
HRC means: B - Hardness Rockwell "C"
If air is saturated with water vapor, the evaporation of solvents is inhibited, causing problems with coating film formation: A True

If coatings are to be successful with very little surface preparation, they must be chosen for their surface tolerant
A True
characteristics:
In general, better surface preparation leads to better coating life: A True
Initial cleaning and preparation of the surface to be coated by hot-dip galvanizing is a process step on which the
I subsequent success of the coating system depends.
A True
Inorganic materials are generally easily removed by solvent cleaning: B False
Inspection for surface cleanliness should take place.....? D All of the above
ISO 8501-1 may be used to verify the surface condition achieved by hand-tool cleaning: A True
It is generally easier to remove contaminants from rusty steel than from intact millscale. B False
It is OK to paint over tightly adherent millscale, because it maintains good adhesion to the base steel: B False
LEL means: A -Lower Explosive Limit
L Longer blast nozzles result in more velocity and a more concentrated blast pattern: A True
Lower concentrations of solvent vapors are more likely to occur in confined spaces: B False
Mill scale, rust and paint are considered adherent if they cannot be removed by lifting with a dull putty knife: A True
Millscale is anodic relative to mild steel: B False
Millscale is cathodic relative to mild steel: A True
Millscale is produced by reaction between hot steel and the atmosphere: A True
Minimum acceptable capacity for a compressor used for blast cleaning at site is generally: B - 350 cfm
M Modern Coatings are tolerant of different grades of surface preparation, and will generally perform well when there is no
B False
surface profile on the surface.
Modern coatings do not require a clean and roughened surface if they are to achieve long-term stability, because they are
B False
specifically designed for application to poor surfaces.
Most metallic abrasives, such as iron and steel shot and grit, cannot be recycled: B False
Needle scalers are least effective on welds, corners, and irregular surfaces: B False
N Needle scalers never produce a burnished surface finish: B False
Oil-based coatings are most suitable for use on zinc surfaces: B False
One standard commonly used to govern the power tool cleaning process is ISO 8501-1 St2: A True
O Only non-metallic abrasives should be used for blasting stainless steel surfaces: A True
Organic solvents are commonly used for surface preparation as they are safe to work with, and can't harm the
B False
environment:
Painting over condensation may result in blistering and delamination of coatings: A True
P Power tool cleaning (SSPC-SP-3) is not intended to remove adherent mill scale, rust, and paint: A True
Pre-fabrication primers must be chosen to be effective with the rounded anchor profile of a shot blasted surface: A True
 QUESTIONS ANSWERS

Reaction between alkyd coatings and alkaline surfaces is known as: D -Saponification
Relative humidity is defined as the amount of moisture (water vapor) in air, compared with the dewpoint temperature: B False

R Residues of (non-visible) chemical salts are not defined by the usual blast-cleaning standards (ISO 8501, NACE 1, 2, 3 &
B False
4, etc) and are not considered important in surface preparation:
Residues of oil, grease, and soil, do not prevent adhesion or mechanical bonding of the paint to the surface: B False
Rust remaining on the surface after wire brushing does not interfere with the coating bonding to the surface: B False
Shot used for blast cleaning has less cutting effect than grit, and will prolong the life of blasting equipment and machinery: A True
Shot-blasting may usefully 'work-harden' a metal surface by 'peining': A True
Silicosis is a lung disease that may be caused by breathing free silica from the sand blasting operation: A True
Site safety is governed by national worker protection rules and regulations: A True
Skip welds should always be repaired by additional welding, creating a completed, continuous weld. B False
Slag abrasives are made from byproducts of a metallurgical process, generally the extraction of metal from ore: A True
Solvent cleaning may include: D -All of the above
Solvent cleaning methods for surface preparation are generally defined by ..... ? B - SSPC-SP 1
Some coatings are more tolerant of poor surface condition than others: A True
Sponge blasting uses a synthetic sponge to clean the surface by removing contaminants and can create a surface profile: A True
SSPC solvent cleaning standards are not used when blasting unless specifically required by the specification. B False
SSPC standards for hand and power tool cleaning are illustrated in ...? C - Vis-3
SSPC-SP 11 defines power tool cleaning to produce a bare metal surface A True
S SSPC-SP 2 standard is comparable to: C -ISO 8501 - 1, St 3
Steam Cleaning is defined by SSPC as a method of solvent cleaning: A True
Steel surfaces with heavy millscale deposits may be best blasted at a shallow angle (e.g. 45 degrees) to remove the
A True
millscale:
Surface laminations are generally caused by the mill rolling process: A True
Surface preparation activities prior to application of coatings do not include removal of surface deposits such as oil and
B False
grease:
Surface preparation activities prior to application of coatings generally include examination and repair of skip welds: B False
Surface preparation activities prior to application of coatings may include inspection of surface condition..? A True
Surface preparation activities prior to application of coatings may include surface preparation by any appropriate method
A True
to remove detrimental surface contaminants
Surface preparation for aluminum surfaces may include: D All of the above
Surface Profile describes the visual appearance of the surface immediately before blast cleaning begins: B False
 QUESTIONS ANSWERS
Surface Profile (anchor pattern) may be too rough for the coatings films applied, allowing early corrosion due to
A True
inadequate coverage:
Surface Profile (anchor pattern) may not be rough enough for good coating adhesion: A True
Surface profile comparators are used to determine the surface cleanliness standard of a newly blasted steel surface. B False
Surfaces blast-cleaned to a specific standard of cleanliness all look similar, regardless of the abrasive used B False
Surfaces blast-cleaned with copper slag may appear dark because of embedded grit particles. A True
S
Surfaces that have been exposed to the environment, and have subsequently corroded, may be more difficult to clean: A True

Sweep-blasting is a degree of blast-cleaning defined by SSPC standard SSPC-SP7, and is equivalent to ISO 8501-1,
B False
Sa1.
Testex tape is used to measure surface profile size (i.A5_peak to trough distance) A True
Tests are defined by British Standards and by ASTM to establish suitability of coatings for use on faying surfaces. A True
The advantages of water jetting include: D -All of the above
The blotter test is used to check visually for any trace of oil or water in compressed air to be used in abrasive blasting or
A True
spray application of coatings:
The degree of cleaning required is closely related to the type of coatings to be used: A True
The inspector should insist that sharp edges are always be rounded during surface preparation: B False
The length of blast hose from the pressure pot to the nozzle should be: C - As short as practical
The most commonly used manual blast units are pressure vessels, and are able to deliver abrasive into a compressed air
A True
stream by pressurizing the abrasive container:
The rust which forms on steel surfaces exposed to either industrial or marine atmospheres may contain significant
A True
T quantities of sulfate and chlorides:
The standard most commonly used to define solvent cleaning is: C -SSPC SP-1
The standard of surface cleanliness defined in a specification is chosen by the ....? C - Facility Owner
The surface profile of a blast-cleaned surface is the shape of the surface, as may be seen in a cross-section. A True
The use of solvent cleaning methods in confined spaces creates no additional hazard for the painter: B False
The vial test is used to determine the chemical condition of water used for water jetting: B False
Tightly adherent millscale can easily be removed by acid-etch cleaning: B False
TLV means: C -Threshold Limit Value
To ensure good performance of the coating system, a severe environment, marine or chemical, normally requires: B - A higher degree of cleaning
Toluol is a relatively safe solvent to use for solvent cleaning: B False
Trisodium Phosphate is an alkaline cleaner: A True
U Using a rotary wire brush is likely to polish the surface rather than provide a roughened surface: A True
 QUESTIONS ANSWERS
D - Volatile Organic
VOC means .....?
V Compounds
VOCs are ....? D -All of the above

Water blasting is a term used to describe the use of water only to clean a surface: B False
Water jetting is a term used to describe the use of water only to clean a surface: A True
Weld spatter is caused by the grinding process during surface preparation for painting: B False
W What is the missing number in the following sequence; SP 5, SP ?, SP 6, SP 7: E - 10
When blasting on site, abrasive is usually recycled: B False
When blasting, electrically operated safety valves are faster in operation and safer in all working environments: B False
When chemical contaminants have become bonded to the surface through a chemical (corrosion) reaction, removal may
A True
require special treatment
When manual blasting, the nozzle should be held close to right angles (90 degrees) to the surface: A True
When modern sophisticated coatings are applied for surface protection, blast cleaning is the most satisfactory and
A True
economical process:
When painting is specified, SSPC-SP 11 requires production of a surface profile not less than 2 mils (50 microns): B False
When SSPC-SP 11 is specified, slight residues of rust and paint may be left in the lower portion of pits, if the original
A True
surface is pitted.
When SSPC-SP 2 standard is specified for hand-tool cleaning, solvent cleaning according to SSPC-SP 1 is always
A True
required if necessary:
When steel surfaces are prepared for painting by blast cleaning, rust, mill scale, and old paint are removed along with
A True
some of the base metal:
When the test for nozzle pressure is made using a hypodermic needle gauge, the abrasive should be turned off: B False
W Which of the following are common recycling methods for blast abrasives: D -All of the above
Which of the following does not directly affect the efficiency of the blast cleaning operation: D - type of compressor used
Which of the following is not a general category of blasting abrasives: C - Processed cereal
Which of the following is not a tool commonly used for hand-tool cleaning: D -Needle gun
Which of the following is not commonly used for power tool cleaning: D - Sheet Sandpaper
Which of the following is not included in the definition of solvent cleaning? A - Wiping with abrasive paper
Which of the following is/are common types of slag abrasive: D -All of the above
Which of the following is/are essential safety feature(s) of blasting equipment: A - Deadman handle
Which of the following power sources is most commonly used for site-based power tool cleaning: B - Compressed air
Which of the following standards describes a blast-cleaned surface prepared to a minimum commercial grade finish? D -All of the above
Which of the following standards describes a blast-cleaned surface prepared to a minimum Near-white Metal finish? A - SSPC-SP 10
Zinc corrosion products, formed through atmospheric corrosion, are most likely to be: A -Zinc carbonate
Z
 QUESTIONS ANSWERS
Z Zinc exposed to the atmosphere develops a passive film: A True