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    Characteristics and Process of Research: Lesson 2

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    Jhea Ann Morfe
    This document outlines the key characteristics and process of research. Research must be empirical, logical, cyclical, analytical, critical, methodical, and replicable. The research process involves 7 steps: 1) defining the topic, 2) reviewing literature, 3) planning the methodology, 4) gathering data, 5) analyzing data, 6) formulating conclusions, and 7) defining a new problem. Adhering to professional standards and employing systematic and valid methods are important to conducting ethical research.

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    Characteristics and Process of Research: Lesson 2

    Uploaded by

    Jhea Ann Morfe
    22 views27 pages
    This document outlines the key characteristics and process of research. Research must be empirical, logical, cyclical, analytical, critical, methodical, and replicable. The research process involves 7 steps: 1) defining the topic, 2) reviewing literature, 3) planning the methodology, 4) gathering data, 5) analyzing data, 6) formulating conclusions, and 7) defining a new problem. Adhering to professional standards and employing systematic and valid methods are important to conducting ethical research.

    Original Description:

    Lesson 2 - G11 Quarter 3

    Original Title

    PR1

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    This document outlines the key characteristics and process of research. Research must be empirical, logical, cyclical, analytical, critical, methodical, and replicable. The research process involves 7 steps: 1) defining the topic, 2) reviewing literature, 3) planning the methodology, 4) gathering data, 5) analyzing data, 6) formulating conclusions, and 7) defining a new problem. Adhering to professional standards and employing systematic and valid methods are important to conducting ethical research.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pdf or txt
    22 views27 pages

    Characteristics and Process of Research: Lesson 2

    Uploaded by

    Jhea Ann Morfe
    This document outlines the key characteristics and process of research. Research must be empirical, logical, cyclical, analytical, critical, methodical, and replicable. The research process involves 7 steps: 1) defining the topic, 2) reviewing literature, 3) planning the methodology, 4) gathering data, 5) analyzing data, 6) formulating conclusions, and 7) defining a new problem. Adhering to professional standards and employing systematic and valid methods are important to conducting ethical research.

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    Characteristics

    and Process of
    Research
    LESSON 2
    ❑ Research must be
    systematic, controlled,
    rigorous, valid and verifiable,
    empirical and critical.
    ❑To avoid unethical practices,
    researchers had obligations
    to adhere professional
    standards in conducting
    research.
    Characteristics
    of Research
    1. E_ p _ _ i c _ l
    1. EMPIRICAL Research must be
    based on observed
    and measured
    phenomena and
    derives knowledge
    from actual
    experience rather than
    from theory or belief.
    2. L_ g _ c _ l
    2. LOGICAL Research must be
    based on valid
    procedures and
    principles.
    3. C_ c _ _ c _ l
    3. CYCLICAL Research is a cyclical
    process because it
    starts with a problem
    and ends with a
    problem; hence,
    research is repeated.
    4. An_ l _t i c _ l
    4. ANALYTICAL Research involves
    critical thinking skills
    and the evaluation of
    facts and information
    relative to the
    research being
    conducted.
    5. Cr_ _ i c _ l
    5. CRITICAL Research is about
    expressing and
    involving an analysis
    of the merits and
    faults of a work of
    literature, music, or
    art.
    6. M_ th_d _c_ l
    6. METHODICAL Research is conducted
    in a methodical
    manner without bias
    using systematic
    method and
    procedures.
    7. R_pl_c_bi__ty
    The research design and
    7. REPLICABILITY procedures are replicated
    or repeated to enable the
    researcher to arrive at
    valid and conclusive
    results. The more
    replicated the researches
    are, the more valid and
    conclusive the results
    would be.
    Characteristics of
    Research:
    ❑Empirical ❑Critical
    ❑Logical
    ❑Methodical
    ❑Cyclical
    ❑Replicability
    ❑ Analytical
    Process of
    Research
    The Seven Steps in
    Research
    STEP 1. Define and develop your topic
    (Research Problem).
    ❖ Factors to Consider in Selecting a
    Research Problem
    • Researcher‘s area of interest
    • Availability of funds
    • Investigator‘s ability and training
    The Seven Steps in
    Research
    STEP 2. Find background information about
    your chosen topic (Review of Related
    Literature).

    Step 3. Plan your research design including


    your sample (Methodology).
    The Seven Steps in
    Research
    STEP 4. Gather necessary data using open ended
    questions (for qualitative research) and closed-
    ended questionnaire or paper pencil test
    questionnaire (for quantitative research) (Data
    Gathering Activities).
    Step 5. Process and analyze data using thematic
    analysis (for qualitative research) and statistical
    tools (for quantitative research).
    The Seven Steps in
    Research
    STEP 6. Formulate new insights gained (for
    qualitative research) conclusions (for
    quantitative research) and
    recommendations.

    Step 7. Define new problem.


    ACTIVITY
    NO. 2
    The Seven Steps in
    Research

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