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    Sinusoidal Function - EC-I

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    Md Johurul Islam
    The document is about electrical circuits driven by sinusoidal sources. It defines key concepts like sinusoid, alternating current, phase, phase difference, instantaneous power, RMS value, apparent power and power factor. Sinusoids are signals that have the form of a sine or cosine function. Circuits driven by sinusoidal sources are called AC circuits. Phase is defined for sinusoidal voltages and currents, and phase difference indicates whether one signal leads or lags another. Instantaneous power of sinusoidal circuits is derived. RMS value, average power, apparent power and power factor are also defined.

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    Sinusoidal Function - EC-I

    Uploaded by

    Md Johurul Islam
    57 views5 pages
    The document is about electrical circuits driven by sinusoidal sources. It defines key concepts like sinusoid, alternating current, phase, phase difference, instantaneous power, RMS value, apparent power and power factor. Sinusoids are signals that have the form of a sine or cosine function. Circuits driven by sinusoidal sources are called AC circuits. Phase is defined for sinusoidal voltages and currents, and phase difference indicates whether one signal leads or lags another. Instantaneous power of sinusoidal circuits is derived. RMS value, average power, apparent power and power factor are also defined.

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    AC signal lecture

    Original Title

    2. Sinusoidal Function_EC-I

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    The document is about electrical circuits driven by sinusoidal sources. It defines key concepts like sinusoid, alternating current, phase, phase difference, instantaneous power, RMS value, apparent power and power factor. Sinusoids are signals that have the form of a sine or cosine function. Circuits driven by sinusoidal sources are called AC circuits. Phase is defined for sinusoidal voltages and currents, and phase difference indicates whether one signal leads or lags another. Instantaneous power of sinusoidal circuits is derived. RMS value, average power, apparent power and power factor are also defined.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    57 views5 pages

    Sinusoidal Function - EC-I

    Uploaded by

    Md Johurul Islam
    The document is about electrical circuits driven by sinusoidal sources. It defines key concepts like sinusoid, alternating current, phase, phase difference, instantaneous power, RMS value, apparent power and power factor. Sinusoids are signals that have the form of a sine or cosine function. Circuits driven by sinusoidal sources are called AC circuits. Phase is defined for sinusoidal voltages and currents, and phase difference indicates whether one signal leads or lags another. Instantaneous power of sinusoidal circuits is derived. RMS value, average power, apparent power and power factor are also defined.

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    B.Sc. Engg.

    Part-1 Odd Semester Examination 2019


    Couse code: EEE 1111, Title: Electrical Circuit-I (Sinusoidal Function)
    Name of the instructor: Dr. Md. Johurul Islam, Email: johurul@ru.ac.bd

    Sinusoid: A sinusoid is a signal that has the form of the sine or cosine function. A sinusoidal current is usually
    referred to as alternating current (ac).
    Circuits driven by sinusoidal current or voltage sources are called
    ac circuits
    Sine wave can be denoted mathematically by

    𝑣(𝑡) = 𝑉𝑚 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜔𝑡
    It is shown in the fig-1.
    Phase, Phase difference, leading, lagging:
    A periodic function is one that satisfies the relation
    𝑓 (𝑡) = 𝑓 (𝑡 + 𝑛𝑇) for all T and all integers n.
    For voltage a periodic function will follow:

    𝑣(𝑡 + 𝑇) = 𝑣(𝑡)
    The more general expression for sinusoid is
    𝑣(𝑡) = 𝑉𝑚 𝑠𝑖𝑛 (𝜔𝑡 + 𝜙) where 𝜙 is called phase
    Let us consider two sinusoid as shown in fig-2
    𝑣1 (𝑡) = 𝑉𝑚 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜔𝑡
    𝑣2 (𝑡) = 𝑉𝑚 𝑠𝑖𝑛 (𝜔𝑡 + 𝜙)
    The starting point of 𝑣2 in Fig. 2 occurs first in time. Therefore,
    we say that 𝑣2 leads 𝑣1 , by 𝜙 or that 𝑣1 , lags 𝑣2 by 𝜙.
    If 𝜙 ≠ 0, we also say that 𝑣1 and 𝑣2 are out of phase.
    If 𝜙 = 0, then 𝑣1 and 𝑣2 are said to be in phase.

    Instantaneous Power: Let the general equation of sinusoidal voltage 𝑣(𝑡) = 𝑉𝑚 𝑐𝑜𝑠 (𝜔𝑡 + 𝜃𝑣 )

    The corresponding current 𝑖(𝑡) = 𝐼𝑚 𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝜔𝑡 + 𝜃𝑖 )

    Instantaneous Power 𝑃 = 𝑣(𝑡) ∗ 𝑖(𝑡)

    𝑃 = 𝑉𝑚 𝐼𝑚 𝑐𝑜𝑠 (𝜔𝑡 + 𝜃𝑣 )𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝜔𝑡 + 𝜃𝑖 ) by applying Trigonometry identity we have

    The average power is

    1|Page
    B.Sc. Engg. Part-1 Odd Semester Examination 2019
    Couse code: EEE 1111, Title: Electrical Circuit-I (Sinusoidal Function)
    Name of the instructor: Dr. Md. Johurul Islam, Email: johurul@ru.ac.bd

    RMS value Voltage, Current and Power:

    2|Page
    B.Sc. Engg. Part-1 Odd Semester Examination 2019
    Couse code: EEE 1111, Title: Electrical Circuit-I (Sinusoidal Function)
    Name of the instructor: Dr. Md. Johurul Islam, Email: johurul@ru.ac.bd

    Apparent Power and Power Factor: The average power is given by

    We can write

    Where the product of rms voltage and rms current is called apparent power (S), 𝑆 = 𝑉𝑟𝑚𝑠 𝐼𝑟𝑚𝑠

    A complex number 𝑧 = 𝑥 + 𝑗𝑦 is presented in figure-8

    Where

    3|Page
    B.Sc. Engg. Part-1 Odd Semester Examination 2019
    Couse code: EEE 1111, Title: Electrical Circuit-I (Sinusoidal Function)
    Name of the instructor: Dr. Md. Johurul Islam, Email: johurul@ru.ac.bd

    4|Page
    B.Sc. Engg. Part-1 Odd Semester Examination 2019
    Couse code: EEE 1111, Title: Electrical Circuit-I (Sinusoidal Function)
    Name of the instructor: Dr. Md. Johurul Islam, Email: johurul@ru.ac.bd

    5|Page

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