Sheet #7

Engineering Mechanic Dept.
Thermodynamics
Lecturer: F. M. Younis
Tutorial Sheet #7
(Entropy)
Q1-) Air is compressed by a 15-kW compressor from P1 to P2. The air temperature
is maintained constant at 25oC during this process as a result of heat transfer
to the surrounding medium at 20oC. Determine the rate of entropy change of
the air. State the assumptions made in solving this problem.
Answer: -0.0503 kW/K
Q2-) A completely reversible heat pump produces heat at a rate of 300 kW to warm
a house maintained at 24oC. The exterior air, which is at 7oC, serves as the
source. Calculate the rate of entropy change of the two reservoirs and determine
if this heat pump satisfies the second law according to the increase of entropy
principle.
Q3-) Refrigerant-134a enters the coils of the evaporator of a refrigeration system as

a saturated liquid–vapor mixture at a pressure of 140 kPa. The refrigerant
absorbs 180 kJ of heat from the cooled space, which is maintained at -10oC, and
leaves as saturated vapor at the same pressure. Determine (a) the entropy change
of the refrigerant, (b) the entropy change of the cooled space, and (c) the total
entropy change for this process.
Q4-) The radiator of a steam heating system has a volume of 20 L and is filled with
superheated water vapor at 200 kPa and 150oC. At this moment both the inlet
and the exit valves to the radiator are closed. After a while the temperature of
the steam drops to 40oC as a result of heat transfer to the room air. Determine
the entropy change of the steam during this process.
Answer: –0.132 kJ/K
Q5-) An insulated piston–cylinder device contains 5 L of saturated liquid water at a

constant pressure of 150 kPa. An electric resistance heater inside the cylinder
is now turned on, and 2200 kJ of energy is transferred to the steam. Determine
the entropy change of the water during this process.
Answer: 5.72 kJ/K
Engineering Mechanic Dept. Thermodynamics
Q6-) Refrigerant-134a is expanded isentropically from 600 kPa and 70oC at the inlet
of a steady-flow turbine to 100 kPa at the outlet. The outlet area is 1 m2, and the
inlet area is 0.5 m2. Calculate the inlet and outlet velocities when the mass flow
rate is 0.75 kg/s. Answers: 0.0646 m/s, 0.171 m/s
Q7-) A piston–cylinder device contains 1.2 kg of saturated water vapor at 200oC.

Heat is now transferred to steam, and steam expands reversibly and
isothermally to a final pressure of 800 kPa. Determine the heat transferred and
the work done during this process.
Q8-) Refrigerant-134a at 320 kPa and 40oC undergoes an isothermal process in a

closed system until its quality is 45 percent. On per unit mass basis, determine
how much work and heat transfer are required.
Answers: 40.6 kJ/kg, 130 kJ/kg
Q9-) A rigid tank contains 5 kg of saturated vapor steam at 100 oC. The steam is
cooled to the ambient temperature of 25oC.
(a) Sketch the process with respect to the saturation lines on a T-v diagram.
(b) Determine the entropy change of the steam, in kJ/K.
(c) For the steam and its surroundings, determine the total entropy change associated
with this process, in kJ/K.
Q10-) A 0.5-m3 rigid tank contains refrigerant-134a initially at 200 kPa and 40
percent quality. Heat is transferred now to the refrigerant from a source at 35oC
until the pressure rises to 400 kPa.
Determine (a) the entropy change of the refrigerant, (b) the entropy change of the
heat source, and (c) the total entropy change for this process.
Q11-) An isentropic steam turbine processes 2 kg/s of steam at 3 MPa, which is

exhausted at 50 kPa and 100oC. 5 percent of this flow is diverted for feed water
heating at 500 kPa. Determine the power produced by this turbine, in kW.
Answer: 2285 kW
Q12-) Water at 70 kPa and 100oC is compressed isentropically in a closed system to

4 MPa. Determine the final temperature of the water and the work required, in
kJ/kg, for this compression.
Q13-) 0.7-kg of R-134a is expanded isentropically from 800 kPa and 50oC to 140
kPa. Determine the total heat transfer and work production for this expansion.
Q14-) Air is expanded from 2000 kPa and 500oC to 100 kPa and 50oC. Assuming
constant specific heats, determine the change in the specific entropy of air.
Q15-) An insulated piston–cylinder device initially contains 300 L of air at 120 kPa
and 17oC. Air is now heated for 15 min by a 200-W resistance heater placed
inside the cylinder. The pressure of air is maintained constant during this
process. Determine the entropy change of air, assuming constant specific heats.
Q16-) Air is expanded from 2000 kPa and 500oC to 100 kPa and 50oC. Assuming
constant specific heats, determine the change in the specific entropy of air.
Q17-) An insulated piston–cylinder device initially contains 300 L of air at 120 kPa
and 17oC. Air is now heated for 15 min by a 200-W resistance heater placed
inside the cylinder. The pressure of air is maintained constant during this
process. Determine the entropy change of air, assuming constant specific heats.

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Engineering Mechanic Dept.

Q3-) Refrigerant-134a enters the coils of the evaporator of a refrigeration system as

Q5-) An insulated piston–cylinder device contains 5 L of saturated liquid water at a

Q7-) A piston–cylinder device contains 1.2 kg of saturated water vapor at 200oC.

Q8-) Refrigerant-134a at 320 kPa and 40oC undergoes an isothermal process in a

(b) Determine the entropy change of the steam, in kJ/K.

Q11-) An isentropic steam turbine processes 2 kg/s of steam at 3 MPa, which is

Q12-) Water at 70 kPa and 100oC is compressed isentropically in a closed system to

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