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    The International Criminal Court (ICC) is a permanent international court located in The Hague that prosecutes individuals for genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes and the crime of aggression. It was established through the Rome Statute in 1998 and is the first permanent international criminal tribunal with jurisdiction to prosecute individuals. While praised as progress toward international justice and human rights, the ICC has also faced criticisms regarding its jurisdiction and effectiveness.

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    Sample 4

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    The International Criminal Court (ICC) is a permanent international court located in The Hague that prosecutes individuals for genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes and the crime of aggression. It was established through the Rome Statute in 1998 and is the first permanent international criminal tribunal with jurisdiction to prosecute individuals. While praised as progress toward international justice and human rights, the ICC has also faced criticisms regarding its jurisdiction and effectiveness.

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    The International Criminal Court (ICC) is a permanent international court located in The Hague that prosecutes individuals for genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes and the crime of aggression. It was established through the Rome Statute in 1998 and is the first permanent international criminal tribunal with jurisdiction to prosecute individuals. While praised as progress toward international justice and human rights, the ICC has also faced criticisms regarding its jurisdiction and effectiveness.

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    Sample 4

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    Rmenian
    The International Criminal Court (ICC) is a permanent international court located in The Hague that prosecutes individuals for genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes and the crime of aggression. It was established through the Rome Statute in 1998 and is the first permanent international criminal tribunal with jurisdiction to prosecute individuals. While praised as progress toward international justice and human rights, the ICC has also faced criticisms regarding its jurisdiction and effectiveness.

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    The 

    International Criminal Court (ICC or ICCt)[2] is an intergovernmental organization and international tribunal seated


    in The Hague, Netherlands. It is the first and only permanent international court with jurisdiction to prosecute individuals for
    the international crimes of genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes and the crime of aggression. It is distinct from
    the International Court of Justice, an organ of the United Nations that hears disputes between states. While praised as a
    major step toward justice,[3] and as an innovation in international law and human rights,[4] the ICC has faced a number of
    criticisms from governments and civil society, including objections to its jurisdiction, accusations of bias and doubts about its
    effectiveness.

    History

    The premises of the International Criminal Court in The Hague, Netherlands. The ICC moved into this building in December 2015.

    The establishment of an international tribunal to judge political leaders accused of international crimes was first proposed
    during the Paris Peace Conference in 1919 following the First World War by the Commission of Responsibilities.[5] The issue
    was addressed again at a conference held in Geneva under the auspices of the League of Nations in 1937, which resulted
    in the conclusion of the first convention stipulating the establishment of a permanent international court to try acts of
    international terrorism. The convention was signed by 13 states, but none ratified it and the convention never entered into
    force.[6]
    Following the Second World War, the allied powers established two ad hoc tribunals to prosecute Axis leaders accused of
    war crimes. The International Military Tribunal, which sat in Nuremberg, prosecuted German leaders while the International
    Military Tribunal for the Far East in Tokyo prosecuted Japanese leaders. In 1948 the United Nations General Assembly first
    recognised the need for a permanent international court to deal with atrocities of the kind prosecuted after World War II.[7] At
    the request of the General Assembly, the International Law Commission (ILC) drafted two statutes by the early 1950s but
    these were shelved during the Cold War, which made the establishment of an international criminal court politically
    unrealistic.[8]
    Benjamin B. Ferencz, an investigator of Nazi war crimes after World War II and the Chief Prosecutor for the United States
    Army at the Einsatzgruppen trial, became a vocal advocate of the establishment of international rule of law and of an
    international criminal court. In his book Defining International Aggression: The Search for World Peace (1975), he advocated
    for the establishment of such a court.[9] Another leading proponent was Robert Kurt Woetzel, a German-born professor of
    international law, who co-edited Toward a Feasible International Criminal Court in 1970 and created the Foundation for the
    Establishment of an International Criminal Court in 1971.[10]

    Formal proposal and establishment


    In June 1989, the Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago, A. N. R. Robinson, revived the idea of a permanent international
    criminal court by proposing the creation of tribunal to address the illegal drug trade.[8][11] In response, the General Assembly
    tasked the ILC with once again drafting a statute for a permanent court.[12]
    While work began on the draft, the UN Security Council established two ad hoc tribunals in the early 1990s:
    The International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia, created in 1993 in response to large-scale atrocities
    committed by armed forces during the Yugoslav Wars, and the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda, created in 1994
    following the Rwandan genocide. The creation of these tribunals further highlighted to many the need for a permanent
    international criminal court.[12]
    In 1994, the ILC presented its final draft statute for the International Criminal Court to the General Assembly and
    recommended that a conference be convened to negotiate

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