Subverting Crisis in The Political Economy of Composition
Subverting Crisis in The Political Economy of Composition
Subverting Crisis in The Political Economy of Composition
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c
^/hina Mieville's near-future, genre-bending novel, The City and the
City , is a study of how order is maintained through the threat of crisis. The
novel is set in two cities: one, Beszel, is decaying and shabby, grey concrete
buildings, weedy lots, half-finished public projects and unmaintained parks
littered with debris. In contrast, Beszels neighboring city, U1 Qoma, is expe-
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Ambient Crisis
Crisis is nothing new in the field of composition and in literacy education
more generally. It has been such a familiar element of compositions scholarly
discourse that its function as a disciplinary trope is itself worthy of more
extensive exploration. Harvey Graff famously makes the case that crisis
serves an integral function in the literacy myth, wherein periodic literacy
crises historically parallel broader public crises arising during times of
political economic upheaval. In an essay published in 1991, John Trimbur
argued that writing teachers and administrators were opportunistically
capitalizing on the literacy myth and its rhetoric of crisis, pointing out that
a substantial expansion in first-year writing, technical writing, and writing
across the curriculum programs had occurred in the wake of the national
sense of crisis in literacy education spawned by the 1975 Newsweek article,
"Why Johnny Can't Write" (277). Compositions advancement in relation to
crisis rhetoric came with strings though. Driving the ready national accep-
tance of the existence of a literacy crisis was a broader, reactionary cultural
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tions in ways that procedurally reward efficiency, innovation, and risk, while
penalizing complacency and promoting accountability. More of human
life becomes economically rather than politically governed, and realms of
human life that were formerly seen as public and political have been con-
ceptually cleaved away from politics. So problems like income inequality or
rising debt have been seen and treated as individualistic and not related to
larger interdependent, ideologically constructed, and changeable "political"
economies. Davies thus describes the transformation of political economy
under neoliberalism as "the pursuit of disenchantment of politics by econom-
ics" because so many aspects of human relations are moved outside of the
domain of consequential, democratic disputation and into a realm of seem-
ingly neutral, technocratic, and market-driven decision making (21-22).
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composition.
Disciplinarity is also a concern in Jonathan Alexander and Jacqueline
Rhodess recent important book on the status and possibilities of multi-
modality within what they describe as a "divided" discipline that is at a
"crossroads" (2-3). They argue that notions of authorship, textuality, and
what it means to compose have been so anchored in the alphabetic, the
essayistic, and the legacy of print that the discursive bounds of the disci-
pline have become a hindrance. Alexander and Rhodes are concerned that
composition might be colonizing multimodality: truncating its possibili-
ties by anchoring it within now antiquated disciplinary conceptual frames
and pedagogical practices that are inadequate to foster its possibilities.
They warn that clinging to our "much-prized disciplinarity" may lead to a
"fail[ure] to meet our students most pressing needs as communicators" (5).
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Subverting Crisis
To accept that neoliberalization is inevitable and that we can t
secondary writing education in a way that is research-informed
conscientious, and engaged with the realities of global commun
labor is to miss signs that, especially after the 2008 collapse, th
paradigm is rapidly losing its cultural authority. It is also to acc
economic system is permanently hegemonic or wholly determi
than being continually produced and
Rhetorics of fear and crisis therefore
thereforehave
politically changeable.
To explore
their own operative, consequential power alternatives to per-
petual crisis,
in neoliberalism, and among their effects
it is useful to understand
crisis
is the dissolution of social bonds itself
that haveas a function of political
economy. Catherine Chaput examines
been formed around values and goals
how the rhetoric of fear and the power
other than profit and consumption.
of its "affective energy" circulate and
function in global capitalism. The con-
tinual production of fear in the current political economy, sh
a politically consequential force that compels people to act urg
see myopically, without examination of larger questions that m
strategies for fundamental, meaningful change:
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I live in the interstice yes, but I live in both the city and the city" (Mieville 312).
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Acknowledgments
I would very much like to thank Nancy Welch: our work togethe
cent projects substantially formed the basis of my thinking in t
also like to thank my anonymous reviewers and Lil Brannon f
and engaged feedback they gave me.
Notes
Works Cited
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Simon, Stephanie. "No Profit Left Be- Problems, Kairos, and Writing ab
hind." Politico 10 Feb. 2015. Web. 10 Writing: A Profile of the University
Nov. 2015. Central Florida's First-Year Compo
tion Program." Composition Forum
Slaughter, Sheila, and Gary Rhoades. (2013). Web. 2 Feb. 2015.
Academic Capitalism and the New
Economy. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Wardle, Elizabeth, and Doug Down
UP, 2004. Print. "Teaching about Writing, Righting
Misconceptions: Re-envisioning
Starke-Meyerring, Doreen. "From 'Edu-
'First-Year Composition as 'Writin
cating the Other to Cross-Boundary Studies.'" College Composition and
Knowledge-Making: Globally Communication 58.4 (2007): 552-8
Networked Learning Environments Print.
as Critical Sites of Writing Program
Administration." Martins. 307-31. Welch, Nancy, and Tony Scott, eds.
position in the Age of Austerity. Lo
State Higher Education Executive Offi- Utah State UP, 2016. Print.
cers. "State Higher Education Finance,
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Tony Scott
Tony Scott is associate professor in the Writing Program at Sy
where he is also director of Introductory Writing. His sch
Dangerous Writing: Understanding the Political Economy of C
State UP 2009) and the coedited collections Tenured Bosse
Teachers : Writing Instruction in the Managed University ( So
2004) and Composition in the Age of Austerity (Utah State UP
and coauthor Lil Brannon won the Richard Braddock award
Struggle, and the Praxis of Assessment" (CCC).
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