RVD AK and Video Transcripts FactsFigures

Facts & Figures, Unit 1
Answer Key for Facts & Figures
Unit
1 Animals
Lesson 1 The Kiwi

Page 4 a. 1. during, hurts 2. strange, fly 3. government, kill 4. smell
5. wings, tail 6. only 7. feathers 8. beak
9. size
b. 1. kill 2. feathers 3. government 4. fly, wings

5. smells 6. hurts 7. tail 8. beak
9. strange 10. only 11. size
Page 5 c. 1. in New Zealand 2. a bird 3. about the size of a chicken

4. no 5. No *6. eight 7. in the daytime
8. yes 9. The government says they can’t.
*10. The kiwi lives only in New Zealand.
d. 1. F 2. F 3. T 4. T
*5. T 6. T 7. F
e. 1
Lesson 2 The Camel

Page 8 a. 1. about, describe 2. camel 3. eyelashes 4. stores
5. desert 6. also, thick 7. all over 8. heat, cool
b. 1. store 2. cool, also 3. describe 4. all over

5. eyelashes 6. desert 7. thick 8. heat
9. camels 10. about
Page 9 c. 1. in the desert 2. food that changes to fat

3. Food all over the camel’s body keeps it warm, and it can’t be warm because
it lives in the desert.
4. because the nights are cool
5. The Arabian has one hump; the Bactrain has two.
6. The winters are cold in Central Asia. 7. to keep sand out of its eyes
8. The camel is very important to them.
Answer Key for Reading & Vocabulary Development 1 and 2 | 1

d. 1. b 2. c 3. a 4. c 5. c
e. 2
Lesson 3 The Polar Bear

Page 12 a. 1. snow, ice 2. polar bear 3. afraid 4. warm 5. South
6. swim 7. North 8. catches 9. weighs 10. wide
b. 1. bears 2. weigh 3. warm 4. afraid 5. swim

6. south 7. ice 8. snow 9. North 10. wide
11. catch
Page 13 c. “C” before: stores heat in its body, hump, tail, goes without water, long, thick
hair, eyelashes, desert, hair on its body. “K” before: big eggs, beak, feathers
(that look like hair). Nothing before wing.
d. 1. It lives near the North Pole. 2. It is yellow-white like the snow.

3. the weather is cold where it lives 4. 450 kilos
5. fish and sea animals 6. into the sea
7. for its beautiful coat 8. People can’t kill polar bears.
*9. no—New Zealand is too far away from the North Pole
*10. There aren’t any where it lives.
Page 14 e. 1. c 2. d 3. a 4. c 5. a 6. c
f. 3
Lesson 4 The Hippopotamus

Page 17 a. 1. large 2. beside, lake 3. mammal 4. stomach, plants
5. stay 6. above 7. breathe 8. spends 9. high
b. 1. mammal 2. stomach 3. breathe 4. plants 5. beside

6. spend, stays 7. above 8. Lake 9. large 10. high
Page 18 c. 1. b 2. c 3. a 4. c 5. A 6. c
d. 1. in the hot part of Africa *2. no 3. seven meters

4. no 5. to get plants for food 6. It can close its nose.
*7. No. It’s a mammal. Mammals must breathe air.
8. It walks on the land and looks for food. 9. on its mother’s back *10. yes
Page 19 e. 1. T 2. T 3. F 4. NI 5. F 6. F
7. NI f. 1

Lesson 5 The Dolphin

Page 22 a. 1. travel, group 2. save 3. dolphins 4. lonely 5. show, feelings
6. Scientists 7. believe 8. together 9. sounds 10. luck
b. 1. dolphin 2. lonely 3. travel 4. show 5. together

6. group 7. believe 8. Scientists 9. feels 10. save
11. sounds
Page 23 c. Animal’s Body: eyelashes, tail, leg, hump, beak, stomach, wing, nose,
feather, eyes
Person’s Body: eyelashes, leg, stomach, nose, hand, arm, eyes
d. 1. not with words, but with sounds 2. a group

3. they give information, tell when they are happy, sad, or afraid; they say
“welcome”
4. when a dolphin comes back to the school 5. under water
6. No, because the sounds are very, very high. 7. sad and lonely
*8. Many people believe it, but an animal cannot bring good luck to people.
*9. Dolphins cannot breathe under water, but fish can. Dolphins are mammals
and drink milk from the mother’s body. Fish lay eggs.
Page 24 e. 1. c 2. a 3. b 4. d 5. b
6. c
f. 2
Word Study
Page 25 a. 1. its 2. her 3. my 4. their 5. your
6. their 7. their 8. his 9. our 10. its
Page 26 c. 1. A polar bear catches fish and eats them. 2. They usually fly home.
3. I have a beautiful plant in my living room. 4. People like dolphin shows.
5. We travel only in the summer.
6. A dolphin plays in the water.
7. They go swimming in a lake in summer.
8. Tom usually finishes his work early. 9. A mammal is born alive.
10. Ann and Bill do their homework in the afternoon.
Page 27 d. 1. stranger than 2. thicker than 3. hotter than

4. warmer than 5. larger than 6. taller than
7. fatter than 8. younger than 9. colder than
10. smaller than
Page 27 e. Answers will vary.

Video Highlights
Page 28 a. 1. Answers will vary. Sample answer: Dolphins can talk.
2. Answers will vary. Sample answer: Are dolphins friendly?
3. Nicaragua, Caribbean
b. people, dolphins
Page 29 c. 1. Dolphins (right): live in the sea, swim together in schools, make sounds
under water
People (left): live on land, have arms and legs
Both (middle): can talk to each other, are mammals, eat fish
2. Answers will vary.
Activity Page
Page 30 a. Across:
1. mammals 2. feelings 6. sea 9. camel
Down:
2. fin 3. my 4. sounds 7. large 8. sea
Page 31 b. Answers will vary.
Dictionary Page
Page 32 1. cool
2. high—e same—h long—f big—g

true—d hot—c inside—a up—b

Unit
2 How? Why?
Context Clues
Page 34 1. b 2. a 3. c 4. a 5. d
6. c 7. a 8. c 9. b 10. a
11. c 12. c 13. a
Lesson 1 Why Do We Yawn?

Page 38 a. 1. However, excited 2. contagious 3. alert
4. bored 5. race 6. stretch, muscles 7. quickly
8. deeply 9. might 10. yawn
b. 1. muscles 2. might 3. contagious 4. alert 5. However

6. excited 7. deep 8. race 9. quickly 10. yawn
11. stretch 12. boring
Page 39 c. 1. f. quickly 2. i. small 3. g. different 4. h. below 5. a. close

6. b. interested 7. e. after 8. j. warm 9. c. everyone 10. d. false
d. 1. First, you open your mouth slowly. Your mouth stays open for about five
seconds. Then you quickly close your mouth.
2. They stretch. 3. You yawn, too. 4. about five seconds
*5. because they are excited or nervous
*6. laughing, eating, yelling, etc.
Page 40 e. 1. T 2. F 3. T 4. F 5. F
6. T 7. F 8. T
f. 1
Lesson 2 Why Do People Laugh?

Page 43 a. 1. relax 2. hard 3. exercise 4. clubs 5. medicine
6. laugh 7. well 8. connect 9. pretend
10. Soon, naturally 11. equals
b. 1. pretend 2. relax 3. equals 4. connect 5. exercise

6. well 7. natural 8. medicine 9. clubs 10. hard

11. laugh 12. soon
Page 44 c. 1. c 2. b 3. c 4. a 5. d
6. b
d. 1. about 17 times 2. They stretch their hands above their heads.

3. It is good exercise. 4. Your muscles stretch.
5. It becomes deep, or you breathe deeply.
*6. because laughter makes us feel part of a group
*7. jokes and funny things or stories
e. 1. NI 2. T 3. F 4. F 5. NI
6. T 7. T
f. 2
Lesson 3 Why Is the Sea Salty?

Page 48 a. 1. percent 2. salt, Earth, mixes 3. carry 4. famous
5. oceans 6. moves, clouds 7. evaporates
b. 1. carry 2. Earth, moves 3. salt 4. famous

5. mix 6. evaporates 7. Ocean 8. clouds
9. percent
Page 49 c. 1. university 2. lake 3. fly 4. together 5. ocean

6. hour 7. thick 8. salty
d. 1. water 2. yes 3. into the seas and oceans

4. into the air and clouds 5. Nowhere. It stays in the ocean.
6. ocean water 7. There is no river to carry the water away.
8. the Dead Sea, the Great Salt Lake 9. a state in the United States
10. the Dead Sea *11. It’s probably too salty for fish to live there.
Page 50 e. 1. T *2. F 3. T 4. T 5. F
6. F 7. F 8. T
f. 3
Lesson 4 How Can a Plant Kill?

Page 53 a. 1. kinds 2. enemies 3. Farmers, farms
4. collect 5. poisonous 6. cheap, instead of
7. grow, tropics 8. if 9. expensive

b. 1. farm, farmers 2. expensive 3. if

4. tropics 5. instead of 6. collect
7. poisonous 8. enemy 9. kind
10. Cheap 11. grow
Page 54 c. 1. describe 2. scientists 3. save 4. believe 5. lonely

6. bored 7. together 8. cooler 9. size 10. hard
d. 1. They kill for food, or they kill their enemies. 2. no

3. It gets sick or dies. 4. to stay away from them
5. in the desert and tropics *6. to protect their crops 7. petroleum
8. to learn more about plants and their possible usefulness to mankind
Page 55 e. 1. b 2. a 3. a 4. b 5. c
6. c 7. d 8. a
f. 1
Lesson 5 How Do Many Hearing-Impaired People Talk?

Page 58 a. 1. each other 2. whole 3. Hearing-impaired
4. interprets 5. sign 6. difficult, star
7. both 8. ideas 9. dance
b. 1. hearing-impaired 2. interprets 3. sign

4. each other 5. both 6. stars
7. difficult 8. whole 9. dance
10. idea
Page 59 c. 1. clouds 2. famous 3. tropics 4. if 5. kind

6. evaporates 7. cheaper 8. expensive 9. poisonous 10. collection
d. 1. They use sign language.

2. He/she listens and then makes hand signs.
*3. There’s a sign for every letter in the alphabet.
4. You can see what they mean.
5. for signing names and technical words
6. no
7. The whole body moves.
*8. The whole body talks.
Page 60 e. 1. T 2. F 3. T 4. NI 5. T
6. NI
f. 3

Word Study
Page 61 a. 1. Is a large house expensive?
2. Does Bill do his homework in the afternoon?
3. Do rivers run toward the ocean? 4. Do many people drink coffee?
5. Is Mary a good tennis player? 6. Are Kiwis strange birds?
7. Am I late? 8. Is the test difficult? 9. Does she dance well?
10. Do they exercise every day?
Page 62 b. 1. There is, It 2. There is, It 3. There are, They

4. There are, They 5. There is, It
c. 1. interpreter 2. farmers 3. singer 4. speakers 5. listener

6. player
Page 63 d. 1. seafood 2. underline 3. daytime 4. stoplight 5. bedroom
e. Answers will vary.
Video Highlights
Page 64 a. 1. Answers will vary.
b. She has eight children. She is a farmer.
Page 65 c. Answers will vary, for example:

1. Why do Brazilian farmers cut down the forest?
2. How does ecotourism help the people of the Amazon?
Activity Page
Page 66 a. Word search
b. Answers will vary.
Dictionary Page
Page 67 1. relaxation
2. describe, believe, weigh, excite, evaporate, interpret
Page 68 3. a. boredom b. fertilize c. connection

d. grow e. laughter

Unit
3 Plants
Context Clues
Page 70 1. c 2. a 3. a 4. a 5. b
6. a 7. b 8. d 9. a 10. c
Lesson 1 The Date Palm

Page 74 a. 1. art museums 2. leaves, wood 3. southern
4. date palm, wonderful 5. burn 6. ago
7. baskets 8. stone 9. feed
b. 1. leaves 2. southern 3. ago 4. burn 5. wood

6. museum 7. basket 8. stone 9. palm 10. dates
11. wonderful 12. feed
Page 75 c. 1. interpreter 2. believe 3. stars 4. difficult 5. weigh

6. heat 7. sign 8. feeling 9. each other 10. whole
11. stomach 12. dance
d. 1. They eat dates. They feed them to their animals. They use the leaves and
the wood to build houses, boats, and baskets. They burn other parts of the
tree to cook their food.
*2. date 3. the Middle East 4. 7,000 years ago
5. more than 2,700 6. It is too dry there. 7. in art museums
*8. Possible answers: They are beautiful; they are important in their lives.
*9. The weather is warm, and date palms can grow in dry places.
Page 76 e. 1. b 2. a 3. c 4. d 5. d
6. b 7. c 8. a
f. 2
Lesson 2 The Water Hyacinth

Page 79 a. 1. machines 2. fertilizer, better 3. energy 4. hates
5. crop 6. become, so 7. just 8. diseases

b. 1. crop 2. disease 3. better 4. so 5. just

6. machines 7. fertilizer 8. hate 9. become 10. energy
Page 80 c. 1. g 2. d 3. f 4. a 5. h
6. i 7. b 8. c 9. e 10. j
d. 1. in tropical countries
2. People can’t travel in boats where it grows; they can’t fish there, the plants
stop the water from moving; the water carries diseases so farmers can’t use
the water on their land.
3. No one has to plant and take care of them.
4. Some fish like to eat them; they can make fertilizer from this plant; they can
make feed for their farm animals. It may be possible to make methane gas
for energy. Farmers can grow fish that like to eat water hyacinths.
5. Methane gas can be made from plants.
*6. Possible answer: They don’t have enough money to buy expensive
petroleum.
e. 1. T 2. T 3. F 4. T *5. T
6. T 7. F *8. T
Page 81 f. 1. b, c, i, j 2. a, d, e, g
Lesson 3 Rice
Page 84 a. 1. brooms, rugs, sandals, roofs 2. grass 3. rice
4. even, eastern 5. insects 6. probably, West 7. soil
b. 1. sandals 2. rice 3. even 4. grass 5. broom

6. roof 7. eastern 8. insects 9. West 10. probably
11. soil 12. rug
Page 85 c. 1. g 2. e 3. c 4. f 5. a
6. j 7. i 8. h 9. b 10. d
d. *1. Possible answer: They don’t have enough money to buy other kinds of
food.
*2. countries located in Asia, Africa and South America
3. a grass 4. more than 7,000
5. They think one kind of rice grew in southern Asia or West Africa thousands
of years ago. Another kind came from India, and travelers took it with them
to other places.
*6. dry soil, on higher land
*7. to make their plants grow better; to poison insects
*8. Possible answers: They plant it on hills where they can’t use machines; they
don’t have enough money to buy machines; it’s a tradition.
9. They poison them.

10. They make animal feed, rice oil, baskets, brooms, rugs, sandals, and roofs
for their houses. They burn dry rice plants in fires for cooking.
Page 86 e. 1. T 2. T 3. F 4. T 5. T
6. NI 7. NI 8. F 9. NI 10. T
f. 1
Lesson 4 Oranges
Page 89 a. 1. raise, around 2. sweet 3. skin, thin 4. wild 5. sections
6. lovely 7. seeds 8. shiny
b. 1. raise 2. lovely 3. seeds 4. skin 5. wild

6. sections 7. shines 8. sweet 9. thin 10. around
Page 90 c. 1. east, west 2. become 3. insects 4. grass 5. soil

6. diseases 7. even 8. interpreter 9. museums 10. sandals
11. better 12. roof
d. 1. An orange is a fruit that is sweet and juicy. Some have no seeds. Some have
thick or thin skins.
2. no
3. It is beautiful with shiny leaves, small white flowers, and there are fruit and
flowers at the same time.
4. China *5. no one
6. Farmers from parts of Asia and the Middle East learned from the Chinese
and taught the Europeans.
7. from the Spanish 8. a color and a fruit
*9. Possible answer: Dates are easy to grow in Saudi Arabia, and it is too dry to
grow oranges there.
Page 91 e. 1. c 2. a 3. a 4. c 5. a *6. b
f. 3
Lesson 5 The Coffee Plant

Page 94 a. 1. modern 2. half 3. pick
4. by hand 5. protect 6. chance, countries
7. typically 8. Unfortunately 9. produce
b. 1. country 2. protect 3. Modern 4. by hand 5. pick

6. half 7. produces 8. typically 9. chance 10. unfortunately

Page 95 c. 1. water hyacinth 2. northern 3. insects 4. machine

5. aquarium 6. kill 7. expensive 8. save
d. 1. Brazil 2. after three years 3. about 40 years

4. because machines can’t do it well
*5. Possible answer: Machines can’t reach the coffee beans.
6. They can produce more coffee this way.
*7. Possible answer: under the trees where the farmers use less water and
fertilizer.
e. 1. T 2. F 3. NI 4. F 5. T
6. T 7. T 8. NI
Page 96 f. 1. a, d, e, h, i, l 2. b, c, f, g, j, k
Word Study
Page 97 a. 1. ate 2. planned 3. took 4. was 5. carried
6. thought 7. came 8. taught 9. became 10. shopped
11. made 12. danced
Page 98 b. 1. more expensive than 2. sweeter than 3. better than

4. thinner than 5. more difficult than 6. smaller than
7. more intelligent than 8. more wonderful than 9. farther than
Page 99 c. 1. lunches 2. roofs 3. knives 4. keys 5. leaves

6. sandals 7. days 8. stars 9. crops 10. seeds
11. families 12. aquariums 13. enemies 14. clubs
15. eyelashes 16. libraries
d. 1. sunny, cloudy 2. juicy 3. shiny

4. snowy, icy 5. windy 6. salty
Page 100 e. Answers will vary.
Video Highlights
Page 101 a. 1. Circle Cameroon on the map. 2. Answers will vary.
Page 102 b. they eat plants from the forest; they hunt animals in the forest.
c. 1. a.F b.F c.T d.T 2. a. Answers will vary. b. Answers will vary.

Activity Page
Page 103 a. 1. wood 2. rice 3. water hyacinth
Dictionary Page
Page 104 1. Answers will vary. danced, saw, made, swam, rose, became, fed, caught
2. smelly, grassy, salty, sleepy
Answers will vary.

Unit
4 Music
Context Clues
Page 106 1. b 2. c 3. a 4. a 5. c
6. a 7. c 8. a 9. c 10. b
Lesson 1 Music and Behavior

Page 110 a. 1. loud 2. office 3. careful 4. classical 5. music
6. background 7. chew 8. affects, behave
b. 1. chew 2. office 3. behave 4. background

5. music 6. careful 7. Loud 8. affect
Page 111 c. 1. rice 2. hate 3. boring 4. even 5. skin

6. exercise 7. government 8. roof
d. 1. classical music *2. People spend more money.

3. to make people eat faster 4. play loud, fast music
*5. The music makes employees relax.
6. Music makes people relax, and they learn better when they are relaxed.
e. 1. T 2. T 3. T 4. T 5. NI 6. NI
Page 112 f. 1
Lesson 2 Blues and Jazz

Page 115 a. 1. blues, jazz 2. slaves, century 3. popular
4. instruments, guitar, harmonica, piano 5. express
6. Composers, added
b. 1. century 2. guitar, piano 3. harmonica 4. add

5. express 6. composed 7. blues, jazz 8. instrument
9. popular 10. Slaves
Page 116 c. 1. e 2. l 3. f 4. i 5. c

6. g 7. j 8. k 9. a 10. b
11. h 12. d
d. 1. to be slaves 2. in the South, in Louisiana and Mississippi

3. in the 20th century 4. sad
*5. Answers will vary. 6. guitar, harmonica and sometimes the piano
7. “Lucille” *8. to feel closer to the instrument
*9. Jazz can be happier than blues, and sometimes it’s faster.
*10. because they express feelings.
Page 117 e. 1. T 2. T 3. F 4. F *5. F

6. T 7. T 8. T 9. F
f. 3
Lesson 3 Rock and Roll

Page 120 a. 1. companies 2. fans 3. soft 4. nervous 5. bands
6. records 7. compact disks 8. performers 9. mixtures
b. 1. mixture 2. company 3. performer 4. nervous

5. soft 6. fan 7. band 8. Compact discs
9. records
Page 121 c. 1. k 2. d 3. b 4. i 5. g
6. f 7. a 8. h 9. e 10. j
11. c
d. 1. a kind of rock and roll music

*2. a famous rock and roll singer who sang one of the first rock and roll songs
3. from jazz and blues *4. It is too soft. 5. records
6. They can see the performers when they listen to the music.
7. no 8. It makes them nervous.
9. the first rock and roll singers
*10. Rock and roll is very popular.
Page 122 e. 1. d 2. c 3. a 4. c 5. b
6. d 7. b 8. c
f. 1
Lesson 4 Country-Western Music

Page 125 a. 1. alone 2. visited 3. bottles, cans 4. cattle
5. dangerous 6. either 7. calm 8. peaceful 9. violins

b. 1. dangerous 2. cans 3. bottles 4. visit 5. peaceful

6. Cattle 7. alone 8. either, violin 9. calms
Page 126 c. 1. mammals 2. beside 3. around 4. cassette 5. cattle

6. jazz 7. afraid 8. slave
d. 1. the United States, Canada, Ireland and Great Britain

*2. He had to watch the cattle all day and night.
3. when he was alone
4. guitars, violins and harmonicas
*5. Ireland, Scotland and England, French Canada
6. they usually sang and played country music
7. love, jobs, home and money
8. Everyone knows something about the ideas in the songs.
Page 127 e. 1. T 2. F 3. F 4. T 5. T
6. F 7. F 8. F 9. NI
f. 3
Lesson 5. Latin Music and Salsa

Page 130 a. 1. cards, while 2. common 3. roast, bake, oven, fry 4. tastes
5. beat 6. international 7. orchestras 8. enjoy
b. 1. while 2. baked 3. enjoy 4. cards

5. fry, roast, oven 6. international 7. beat
8. common 9. tastes
Page 131 c. 1. boring 2. describe 3. instrument 4. express 5. even

6. relax 7. around 8. protect 9. fan 10. sections
11. museum 12. dangerous
d. 1. Mexico, the Caribbean, Central America and South America

2. a kind of Latin music
3. Miami, New York City, San Juan, Havana, Panama City
4. European and African
*5. People played Latin music on guitars and drums many years ago; it has a
strong beat.
6. two famous modern Latin American composers
*7. play cards, eat, dance, sing
8. You roast food in the oven and fry food on the top of the stove.
9. Dancers move their whole bodies. They can dance alone or with someone.
*10. The beat is different; you do not need to understand the words. The words
are not as important as the music.

Page 132 e. 1. T 2. T 3. F 4. F 5. T
6. F 7. F 8. T *9. T 10. T
f. 1. h, i, d, g 2. b, d, g 3. f 4. c, e, j 5. a, g, d
Word Study
Page 133 a. 1. Did the dancers listen to the music?
2. Did the orchestra eat dinner after the performance?
3. Was the meat in the oven for two hours?
4. Did the cowboys raise cattle in the country?
5. Did the cook fry some thin pieces of meat?
6. Did the band sell compact discs to the fans at the nightclub?
7. Were the blues singers asleep on the bus?
8. Did our neighbor go to San Francisco to hear Wynton Marsalis?
b. 1. did 2. get 3. saw 4. went 5. give

6. sell 7. were 8. grows 9. thought 10. take
11. ate 12. came
Page 134 c. 1. warmly 2. easily 3. differently 4. possibly 5. loudly

6. cheaply
d. 1. plants, planted 2. cook, cooks 3. taste, tasted

4. drink, drink 5. work, worked, work 6. feed, feed
Page 136 e. play cards, music; lose a job, money; save time, money
Answers will vary.
Page 137 f. Answers will vary.
Video Highlights
Page 138 a. Answers will vary.
Page 139 b. Country Western
c. 1. They all write their own songs.

2. Sherrie Austin—Example: The name of Austin’s new album is “Words”.
Michael Peterson—Sample answer: He likes to wear blue jeans and cowboy
hats.
Matraca Berg—Sample Answer: Matraca Berg wants to perform her own
songs.

Activity Page
Page 140 a. Draw a guitar. Draw a saxophone. Draw a violin.
b. Be sure to have the student repeat the five vocabulary words in his or her
Bingo.
Dictionary Page
Page 141 1. a. classical (adjective), classic (noun)
b. peaceful (adjective), peace (noun)
c. danger (noun), dangerous (adjective)
d. natural (adjective), nature (noun)
e. nerve (noun), nervous (adjective)

Unit
5 Work and Leisure
Context Clues
Page 144 1. d 2. a 3. b 4. a 5. c
6. a 7. b 8. c 9. b 10. d
Lesson 1 Work Hours

Page 148 a. 1. earn 2. dull 3. overtime 4. average 5. vary
6. duty 7. employee 8. enough 9. extra 10. lose
11. vacations
b. 1. dull 2. enough 3. pay 4. overtime 5. varies

6. earn 7. average 8. vacation 9. lose 10. duties
11. employees 12. extra
Page 149 c. 1. dangerous 2. broom 3. pretend 4. affect

5. basket 6. soft 7. medicine 8. date palm
d. 1. more time to relax, take care of things at home, and spend time with their
families
2. about 1,646 3. about 2,159
4. They want to earn more money.
*5. It is their policy. 6. Germany
*7. They prefer to work and possibly earn more money.
Page 150 e. 1. F 2. T 3. T 4. NI 5. T
6. F
f. 3
Lesson 2 Salaries
Page 153 a. 1. benefits 2. doctors, dentists, pilots 3. Internet 4. plus
5. health insurance 6. waiters 7. professions 8. salary, private
9. employer
b. 1. employer 2. dentist 3. private 4. plus

5. professions 6. health insurance 7. Waiters 8. benefits

9. salary 10. doctor 11. pilots 12. Internet
Page 154 c. 1. b 2. g 3. a 4. i 5. c
6. h 7. e 8. d 9. f
d. 1. doctors, dentists and pilots 2. cooks in fast-food restaurants and waiters

3. health insurance and paid vacations 4. on the Internet
*5. No formal education is necessary for these jobs.
*6. $25,000 *7. A profession requires formal education.
*8. because it is something nobody needs to know
Page 155 e. 1. c 2. b 3. d 4. c 5. b
f. 1
Lesson 3 Family-Friendly Companies

Page 158 a. 1. allowing, flexible 2. increase 3. share 4. rules
5. full-time, schedule 6. female, time off 7. male 8. unpaid
9. choose 10. leave
b. 1. full-time 2. allow 3. increase 4. male, female

5. rules 6. flexible 7. time off, leave 8. share
9. schedule 10. choose
Page 159 c. 1. hate 2. disease 3. produce 4. alone 5. visit

6. private 7. instead of 8. stretch 9. expensive 10. exercise
Page 160 d. 1. People do not have to work a nine-to-five schedule.

2. Two employees share one job. Each employee does half the job and earns
half the salary.
*3. They help their employees when a child is born with leave or time off.
4. They can increase productivity.
5. They can work full time but they do not have to work a nine-to-five
schedule.
*6. They want to help their wives after the birth of a child.
e. 1. NI 2. F 3. T 4. T 5. NI
6. T
f. 1

Lesson 4 Work Clothes

Page 163 a. 1. uniforms 2. police officers, decisions 3. sportswear 4. dress codes
5. comfortable 6. casual 7. special 8. get dressed
b. 1. decide 2. police officers 3. uniform 4. casual

5. dress codes 6. sportswear 7. comfortable 8. special
9. get dressed
Page 164 c. 1. e 2. c 3. g 4. b 5. h
6. d 7. f 8. a
d. 1. uniforms 2. They are changing.

3. It is a day when employees are allowed to wear casual clothes to work.
*4. shorts 5. They don’t need to buy special clothes for work.
6. Some studies show that people are more productive when they wear
comfortable clothes.
7. Sometimes employees dress too casually.
Page 165 e. 1. c 2. b 3. d 4. a 5. c
f. 2
Lesson 5 Time Off

Page 168 a. 1. Computers 2. prepare, meals 3. Obviously 4. commuting
5. Surfing 6. leisure 7. channels 8. programs
b. 1. program 2. commute 3. computer 4. leisure 5. surf

6. Obviously 7. prepares 8. meal 9. channels
Page 169 c. 1. exciting 2. employer 3. schedule 4. pretend

5. lose 6. dangerous 7. performers 8. vary
d. *1. eight hours 2. twenty hours

3. watching TV and surfing the Internet 4. surf the Internet
*5. eat, watch TV, read, surf the Internet *6. They believe they have less
free time.
Page 170 e. 1. NI 2. NI 3. NI 4. T 5. T
6. F 7. T 8. NI 9. NI 10. NI
f. 3

Word Study
Page 171 a. Sentences will vary.
1. is visiting 2. is sharing 3. is sitting 4. is working
5. is commuting 6. is studying 7. is relaxing 8. is frying
9. is using 10. is carrying
b. 1. Sentences will vary.

2. a-saw, b-went, c-was/were, d-gave, e-made, f-ate, g-sold, h-got, i-came, j-
grew, k-taught, l-took
Page 172 c. 1. uncommon 2. unpopular, unkind 3. unafraid 4. unhurt

5. unpaid 6. unhappy
Page 173 d. underwater, nearby, sunlight, sunrise, springtime, underline, roommate,

seafood, homework, cannot
e. high salary, low sound, strong coffee, flexible hours, flexible time, strong
beat, popular activity, popular music
cause a problem, earn money, enter a profession, increase productivity,

prepare a meal, get a job, surf the Internet
spend, earn, make, lose
f. Answers will vary.
Video Highlights
Page 175 a. 1. Answers will vary.
2. What is happening? The firefighter is helping an injured person.

Why do you think this firefighter likes his job? He likes to help people.
What are some of the difficult things about a firefighter’s job? Answers will
vary. Sample answer: It’s dangerous. It’s scary. You see a lot of dead
people.
b. 36; 20,000
Page 176 c. 1. It is exciting and full of action. The firefighters live to save lives.

Activity Page
Page 177 Answers will vary.
Dictionary Page
Page 178 1. employee; employment; employ; employable (no adverb)
2. decision, decide, decisive, decisively

loss, lose, lost (no adverb)
privacy, privatize, private, privately
flexibility, flex, flexible, flexibly
specialty, specialize, special, specially
preparation, prepare, preparative (no adverb)

Unit
6 Interesting People of the World
Context Clues
Page 180 1. c 2. a 3. d 4. c 5. a
6. a 7. b 8. d 9. d 10. a
11. c 12. b
Lesson 1 The Sami of Northern Europe

Page 184 a. 1. traditional 2. future 3. coast, forests 4. nomads
5. trips 6. sleds 7. skis 8. less
9. tents 10. dig 11. holidays
b. 1. trip 2. forests 3. sleds, ski 4. tent 5. Nomads

6. future 7. less 8. holidays 9. coast 10. traditions
11. dug
Page 185 c. 1. i 2. d 3. e 4. h 5. a
6. b 7. j 8. f 9. g 10. c
d. 1. Norway, Sweden, Finland, and Russia 2. no

3. people that move from one place to another every year
4. They dig through the snow.
5. because the snow becomes too deep
6. because they move so often 7. walk, on skis and sleds
8. the long trips, often in bad weather *9. in villages on the coast
10. They want their children to learn their traditions.
*11. because of pride *12. yes
Page 186 e. 1. T 2. T 3. F 4. F 5. F
6. T *7. T *8. T 9. T *10. T
f. 1
Lesson 2 The Ainu of Japan

Page 189 a. 1. beards, mustaches 2. wavy 3. completely 4. island

5. rights 6. across 7. hunters 8. promote 9. religion

10. light 11. continue 12. middle 13. attend 14. left
b. 1. left 2. completely 3. middle

4. wavy, beard, mustache 5. attend 6. Hunting 7. across
8. continue 9. island 10. light 11. right 12. religions
13. promote
Page 190 c. 1. future 2. schedule 3. Internet 4. increase

5. enough 6. mixture 7. background 8. roast
9. leave 10. meals 11. collection 12. feelings
Page 191 d. 1. northern Japan on the island of Hokkaido

2. They have round, dark brown eyes and wavy hair. Their skin is light. The
men have beards and mustaches.
3. no one knows
4. They are made of grass and there is only one room inside. It has a dirt floor
with an open fire in the middle.
5. many of them died
6. because they had to attend Japanese schools and speak only Japanese
7. less than a few hundred thousand
*8. They will be lost forever.
e. 1. d 2. d *3. d 4. b 5. b
6. c
Page 192 f. 1. a, c, f, i, l 2. d, g, j, k 3. b, e, h
Lesson 3 The Yanomami of the Amazon

Page 195 a. 1. loggers 2. spiritual 3. destroy 4. outsiders 5. polluted
6. progress 7. noise, frightened 8. died 9. perhaps, area
10. miners
b. 1. Mining 2. frighten 3. noisy 4. die 5. destroyed

6. pollution 7. Logging 8. area 9. spirits 10. progress
11. Perhaps 12. outsider
Page 196 c. 1. g 2. c 3. b 4. e 5. h
6. a 7. i 8. d 9. j 10. f
d. 1. near the Amazon River in Venezuela and Brazil

2. perhaps 27,000
*3. They lived in their own world.
*4. They eat crops, meat and fish.

*5. Possible answers: The mining companies polluted the water in the rivers.
The outsiders also brought new diseases to the area. As a result, in just
seven years, 20% of the Yanomami people died. Now, they are trying to
protect their land and traditions.
6. diseases and outsiders
7. They made Yanomami land into a park.
8. They are working to protect the land and traditions.
*9. Possible answers: They will probably increase in number because of the
help from Venezuela and Brazil; they might lose their language and culture.
Page 197 e. 1. T 2. T 3. NI 4. F 5. T
6. T 7. NI 8. T 9. NI 10. NI
f. 1
Lesson 4 The Hopi of Arizona

Page 200 a. 1. blows 2. trucks 3. alike 4. Somehow 5. dead, rocks
6. highways 7. goats 8. freezes 9. adults, nearby
10. lose
b. 1. somehow 2. alike 3. blowing 4. truck 5. goats

6. dead 7. freezes 8. highway 9. rock 10. adults
11. nearby
Page 201 c. 1. coast 2. right 3. uncomfortable 4. trip

5. deep 6. Nomads 7. attend 8. continues
9. tent 10. complete 11. wavy, beard 12. skiing
Page 202 d. 1. in the northeastern part of Arizona in the United States

2. tall buildings, highways, computers and hundreds of other modern things
3. It is very hot in the summer, but it freezes in the winter.
4. corn 5. sheep, goat, beef 6. yes
7. modern: phones, radios, televisions; traditional: stone houses
8. in school
9. They are spirits of dead people, of rocks, plants, animals and the stars.
10. because they want to keep their traditions
*11. They are more like the Sami because they are learning their traditions.
e. 1. c 2. d 3. d 4. a *5. b
*6. c 7. d 8. a
Page 203 f. 3

Lesson 5 The Maori of New Zealand

Page 206 a. 1. ceremonies 2. wars 3. culture 4. population
5. yearly, festivals 6. wins 7. practice 8. arrived, over
9. Among, competitions
b. 1. competition 2. arrive 3. yearly 4. over

5. cultures, ceremony 6. population 7. won 8. war
9. practice 10. festival
Page 207 c. 1. i 2. f 3. a 4. j 5. b
6. h 7. c 8. d 9. e 10. g
d. 1. from other Polynesian islands 2. in the late 18th century

*3. It decreased. 4. 500,000
*5. because schools teach the Maori language
*6. There are yearly festivals.
*7. because they are special places for ceremonies and meetings
*8. to keep their traditions alive
e. 1. T 2. T 3. F 4. F 5. T
6. T 7. T 8. T 9. F
Page 208 f. 3
Word Study
Page 209 a. 1. ourselves 2. yourself 3. yourselves 4. themselves 5. itself
6. herself 7. myself 8. himself
Page 210 b. 1. the most beautiful 2. the most expensive 3. the best
4. the tallest 5. the most important 6. the farthest
7. worst 8. the darkest 9. the most flexible
Page 211 c. 1. frozen 2. tropical 3. sweeten 4. mixture 5. weigh

6. useful 7. tradition 8. wooden 9. religion 10. noisy
Page 212 d. 1. Sentences will vary.

2. a-became, b-bought, c-brought, d-cut, e-came, f-found, g-fought, h-went, i-
got, j-saw, k-taught, l-won
e. Answers will vary.

Video Highlights
Page 213 a. 1. Answers will vary. Sample answers include:
a. They live in the northeastern part of Arizona.
b. Their main food is corn.
2. a. reservation b. dispute c. Congress d. Navajo
Page 214 b. 1. landowners 2. Hopi
c. 1. a. Flagstaff, homes, Hopi, Indians (or Hopi Tribe)

b. farmers, Snake, mouths
2. Opinions will vary.
Activity Page
Page 215 a. Ainui—d, f, g Maori—a, b, c, h Both—e
Page 216 b. Answers will vary.
Dictionary Page
Page 217 1. 4 2. 2 3. 1 4. 5 5. 6

Unit
7 Exploration and Adventure
Context Clues
Page 220 1. c 2. a 3. c 4. d 5. a
6. b 7. d 8. c 9. a 10. a
11. a 12. c
Lesson 1 The Polynesians

Page 224 a. 1. greatest, inventions 2. safer 3. explorers, history
4. toward 5. sailors 6. currents 7. maps 8. shells
9. reach
b. 1. great 2. history 3. toward 4. current 5. sailor

6. map 7. safe 8. shell 9. invented 10. explorer
11. reached
Page 225 c. 1. country 2. relaxing 3. enough 4. century 5. allow

6. breathe 7. describe 8. frighten 9. enjoy 10. around
Page 226 d. 1. double canoes 2. They could look at the stars.

3. sticks and shells 4. Southern China
5. because they needed to find safer homes 6. animals and plants
7. hundreds of years
8. They traveled thousands of kilometers across the pacific Ocean. They could
look at the stars and know which way to go. They also understood the
winds and the ocean currents.
*9. yes, because ships move faster if they go with the current and slower if they
go against it
*10. no, because they have modern ways to know where they are going
e. 1. NI 2. NI 3. T 4. T 5. F
6. NI 7. NI 8. T 9. T 10. F
f. 1

Lesson 2 A Giraffe in Central Asia

Page 229 a. 1. Ambassadors, gifts 2. used to 3. leader
4. jewelry, gold, silver 5. suppose, pleased 6. ruler 7. giraffe
b. 1. ambassador 2. giraffe 3. Gold, Silver 4. jewelry 5. suppose

6. ruler, leader 7. used to 8. pleased 9. gifts
Page 230 c. 1. d 2. f 3. e 4. a 5. h
6. i 7. c 8. g 9. b 10. j
d. *1. The exact date of his birth is unknown. 2. a very strong Mongol leader
3. It was safer to be friends than enemies.
*4. They wanted to become his friends.
5. beautiful cloth, jewelry, gold and silver *6. to please Tamerlane
7. an Egyptian ambassador
8. The giraffe walked 5, 000 kilometers from Cairo.
*9. Yes, because it was a strange African animal.
Page 231 e. 1. c 2. b 3. a 4. a 5. c
6. d
f. 2
Lesson 3 The First Woman on Mount Everest

Page 234 a. 1. continents 2. was able to 3. still 4. organized
5. ordinary 6. heavy, injured 7. goal 8. mountain
9. environments 10. climb
b. 1. continent 2. was able to 3. climbed 4. organize 5. heavier

6. injured 7. still 8. ordinary 9. mountainous 10. goal
11. environment
Page 235 c. 1. f 2. h 3. e 4. b 5. d
6. i 7. g 8. j 9. c 10. a
d. 1. in 1953 2. in the Himalayas between Nepal and China

3. No, it is the highest mountain in the world. 4. Junko Tabei
5. a Tokyo newspaper-television company
6. They got injured because of an avalanche. 7. no
*8. because she is a mountain climber
*9. because she loves mountains *10. probably not
Page 236 e. *1. d 2. d 3. d 4. a 5. c

6. a *7. d
f. 2

Lesson 4 The Iditarod Race

Page 239 a. 1. adventurer 2. shoot 3. brave 4. footprints 5. knees
6. below 7. storm 8. teams 9. trail
b. 1. team 2. adventure 3. shoots 4. knees 5. trail

6. footprints 7. brave 8. stormy 9. below
Page 240 c. 1. chose 2. jewelry, gold, silver 3. history 4. ambassador

5. used to 6. map, able 7. club 8. invention
9. toward 10. current
Page 241 d. 1. March 2. It is very cold and snowy.

*3. No, sometimes he walked.
4. no one 5. to make them go away
6. They can see footprints of wild animals in the morning.
*7. They got sick. 8. Swenson
*9. They help each other.
*10. from about 161 kilometers to about 147.5 kilometers
e. 1. F 2. NI 3. F 4. T 5. T
6. T 7. NI 8. NI 9. T 10. NI
11. F
Page 242 f. 3
Lesson 5 Sailing alone

Page 245 a. 1. over 2. problems 3. contact 4. supply
5. communicate 6. expected 7. engine, quit 8. equipment
9. destination 10. Suddenly, electricity
b. 1. contact 2. engine 3. equipment 4. sudden

5. quit 6. over 7. destination 8. problems
9. supply 10. communicate 11. expecting 12. electricity
Page 246 c. 1. win 2. hunter 3. festival 4. knee 5. ocean

6. holiday 7. careful 8. shiny
d. 1. from Tokyo to San Francisco 2. nobody 3. by radio

4. 55 days 5. The engine of his boat quit, and the radio quit also.
6. because of the problems he had
7. He was the youngest person to sail alone across the Pacific.
8. a two-month supply
9. because they could not communicate with him and because he did not
arrive in San Francisco as planned

*10. because he was an adventurer
Page 247 e. 1. b 2. a 3. c 4. c 5. a
6. d
f. 1
Word Study
Page 248 a. 1. traveled, was having 2. was walking, fell
3. tried, was sleeping 4. injured, was playing
5. arriving 6. was skiing, started
7. was entering, saw 8. was sleeping, rang
9. was leaving, spoke 10. was writing, telephoned
Page 249 b. 1. noisy, stormy, rocky, wavy

2. studying, planning, writing, going, swimming, flying, bringing, coming
3. centuries, rulers, ceremonies, children, adventures, gifts, goals, days
4. tried, mixed, invented, belonged, expected, shopped, carried, played
5. biggest, thickest, heaviest, lowest, highest, safest, smallest, hottest
c. 1. danger 2. invention 3. science, scientist

4. explored, explorer 5. Sailors, sails, sailed 6. birth
7. lead 8. rules, ruler 9. organize, organization
10. injuries
Page 250 d. 1. Answers will vary.

2. a. was/were b. blew c. did d. got e. knew
f. rang g. began h. cut i. found j. gave
k. put l. sold
Page 251 e. deep snow, thick hair, long trip, bad weather, traditional life, warm coat, wide
river, wet soil, thick skin, high salary, loud music, fast music, strong leader
attend school, demand your rights, grow crops, make friends, pollute the
environment, show your feelings, take classes
have a problem, get a job, have a class, make a sound, make a decision
Page 252 f. Answers will vary.

Video Highlights
Page 253 a. Answers will vary.
1. Sample answer: It is a sled race in Alaska.
2. Sample answer: The mushers are the people who drive the dog teams.
3. Sample answer: The Iditarod is dangerous because it is so long and cold.
b. Sample answers include:
The dogs are important to the mushers because . . .
. . . the dogs are like pets for them.
. . . the dogs pull the sleds for them.
. . . the mushers love their dogs.
Page 254 c. 2. Animal Activists:

Possible answers include: The dogs work very hard. The dogs can get sick and
die.
Mushers:
Possible answers include: We love our dogs. We take good care of them.
Activity Page
Page 255 a. 1. boat 2. camel 3. dogs 4. skis 5. muscles
Dictionary Page
Page 256 1. present
2. holiday-time off, gift-present, injured-hurt, choose-decide, dull-boring,

terrible-horrible, glad-happy

Facts & Figures, Video Transcripts
VIDEO TRANSCRIPTS FOR

FACTS & FIGURES
Unit 1 Dolphins in Honduras.
Running Time: 02:43
Reporter: Listen close. These are conversations from the deep. These dolphins live in the waters off
Roatan, in the Bay Islands of Honduras. It’s anyone’s guess what they’re chatting about.
Maybe it’s these humans with their funny fins and breathing bubbles!
The serene waters of the Bay Islands are a protected habitat for much marine life. The
Institute for Marine Sciences at Anthony’s Key Resort hopes to keep it that way. But the word
protected doesn’t mean “locked away.” IMS and the resort staff provide guests with the
unique opportunity to touch, talk and listen to these fascinating creatures, right in their natural
habitat. It’s one of only two or three such programs in the world.
Expert: We have some recreational . . . some . . . some rather interesting recreational activities—the
snorkeling session where guests can actually go in, a half a dozen at a time, and snorkel with
dolphins in a fairly large enclosure. A lot of people’s experience with dolphins is in a show
situation. So basically people are able to look at the dolphins in a different light.
Reporter: The snorkel sessions are restricted to a shallow two-acre enclosure, but these close encounters
are thrilling. It’s usually not long before guests want to expand the experience to deeper
waters. Just beyond the reef, certified divers can mingle with dolphins in the wild.
Expert: We actually take dolphins out into open water. We actually take the animals out onto the reef,
with divers. We like to take them out and let them see what a day in the life of a dolphin may
be like, and exactly how they act. It’s not really like a ride. Or people aren’t guaranteed
they’re going to pet a dolphin, or anything like that. But it’s really an opportunity to observe
the animals.
Reporter: The dolphins aren’t trained nor are they fed during the open water session, and they’re free to
come and go. Humans, on the other hand, are given a strict orientation. No diver enters the
water without a briefing.
Guide: During the whole dive, try to stay near the bottom. Don’t go up in mid-water because
dolphins are used to people being down on the sand. And when the dolphins come down to
you, try not to be aggressive with them. If they happen to come close enough for you to touch,
you can rub them down their side or their back with an open palm.
Expert: There’s a lot of interaction and people get a lot of hands-on in snorkeling. And it really seems
to be based more on the dolphin’s natural curiosity about the people rather than a trained
behavior. There’s not much structure to it. We don’t feed the dolphins in order to entice them
to come over to the people. If they don’t feel like swimming with anybody, there’s plenty of
room for them to go somewhere else.
Reporter: That’s to say they can swim as far away as the ocean will take them. But when Travel Guide
was there, these marine mammals seemed eager to be the center of attention.
Sort of makes one dizzy, doesn’t it?
For CNN Travel Guide, I’m Lynn Russell.

Unit 2 A New Kind of Tourism in Brazil

Running Time: 03:22
Reporter: More than ten million people live in Brazil’s Amazon jungle, and many of them rely on the
riches of the forest to survive. Since the 1970s, ranchers, farmers, gold miners have destroyed
about one tenth of the Amazon. Though the Brazilian government has tried to crack down on
deforestation, the destruction accelerates. Inhabitants of the Amazon say it’s a question of
survival.
My husband and I have eight children, says Silveria de Souza. We have to clear the jungle to
plant crops.
Even with hundreds of inspectors monitoring the Amazon, it is an area so vast, it’s virtually
impossible to control deforestation by force. So the government is trying a different tactic.
Guide: What we have here is mostly what we call secondary forest—flooded forest.
Reporter: Eco-tourism—spending millions to develop tourism centered on nature.
Aldenir
Paraguassu: People can make money from the rain forest without destroying it. It’s just a matter of
showing them how.
Reporter: Deep in the rain forest in the state of Amazonas, the jungle is already attracting tourists from
around the world.
Katia Gorum: It’s all so pure. It’s so absolutely unspoiled, and I think it’s awesome.
Reporter: Tourists hire local guides to learn about the rain forest, and to journey upriver where they visit
remote villages and buy handicrafts made by those who live here. They stay at hotels that
range from luxurious to primitive, like this jungle lodge built literally in the trees, hours from
civilization. All of this has created hundreds of new jobs and put money in the pockets of
local residents.
Before there were no jobs, says Maria Oliveira, a hotel maid. Now there are new
opportunities.
Alcide Filho: Those involved in eco-tourism are now looking at the rain forest differently. It is the reason
visitors are here spending money.
Reporter: Eco-tourism is relatively new to Brazil. Environmentalists hope that as the industry grows,
creating more jobs and bringing more money to the Amazon, fewer Brazilians will feel
compelled to cut, clear and burn the world’s largest rain forest.
Marina Mirabella, CNN, Rio de Janeiro.

Unit 3 The Bakas of Cameroon

Running Time: 04:22
Reporter: The vast rain forest in central Africa is the home of countless species of plants and animals—
and for forty thousand years the home of the aboriginal people of this forest. Many call them
Pygmies, but they have proper names—here in eastern Cameroon, the Baka. In a nation
dominated by thirteen million ethnic Bantus, there are only forty thousand Bakas. A people
overwhelmed by change and the ongoing destruction of their forest home.
Samuel
Nguiffo: They’re in the middle. On one side we have the Bantu people and on the other side we have
the logging companies. And both of them have claims over the forest; and both of them are
more powerful than the Bakas; and most of them, for the Bakas, are enemies.
Reporter: As timber companies push logging roads deeper into the forest, outsiders follow the roads
trapping and hunting wild animals, then slashing and burning to plant crops. After living in
harmony with the forest for thousands of years, hunting and gathering only what they needed
to survive, Bakas now find many of the forest resources are exhausted.
This man says, because there are so few animals, a hunter now has to be very good, maybe
with some magical powers.
The chief in this settlement says the noise from bulldozers and chain saws drives animals
away. And because the forest has been so disturbed, it’s hard now even to find the special
plants they use for food, medicines and rituals.
When Bakas are displaced from the forest they’re given little in return.
They have no legal title to any land in the forest they’ve occupied since ancient times.
Government policy refers to them as marginal social groups to be made into productive
members of Cameroon society by surrendering their nomadic life to clear land and plant
crops. In other words, to abandon the culture and spiritual life that connects them to the forest
and to join in its destruction—a process already begun.
Roger
Ngoufo: They are facing a very violent civilization . . . very violent civilization
and from this civilization they tend to, let’s say, to take only the bad aspects of this
civilization.
Reporter: Alcoholism, prostitution, unemployment, exploitation by dominant Bantus –common dangers

confronting Bakas when they leave the forest. But in this road-side settlement of a few
hundred Bakas, we’re told they’re happy to be here.
This man says life is too risky in the forest. It’s much better in this place. But Noel Olinga has
worked with Bakas for sixteen years, and he says they tell us what they think we want to hear.
To the Bakas, he says, the forest is a paradise lost. They often go there just to smell flowers to
remind them of the way it used to be. There is really nothing here for them, he explains, no
school, no health clinic, only a few menial jobs on a nearby Bantu plantation. What they
really want and what they should have, he says, is a pristine forest reserved for their hunting
and gathering—an idea no one takes seriously in Cameroon.
The Baka people in this settlement are still in transition—no longer depending only on
hunting and gathering in the forest and facing an uncertain future in the fast growing towns
and villages around them—a future looking especially bleak for the young.

Nguiffo: The young Bakas are completely lost. They are not Baka, not full Baka, not full Bantus, they
are somewhere in between.
Reporter: Initiation rites held every year summon the god of the forest, the Jengi,
to induct young boys into manhood, and to bring good fortune.
Many Bakas say they haven’t seen the Jengi in a long time.
Gary Strieker, CNN, in eastern Cameroon.
Unit 4 The New Country Songwriters

Running Time: 02:20
Reporter: Matraca Berg’s song went to number one; Michael Peterson scored a number one hit; and
Sherrie Austin hopes for number one. Three country song writers who sing their own words.
In fact, Austin’s first album is called “Words.”
Austin: The thing that I really love about country music is that you can tell a story. And they’re like
these three, four-minute songs, and you can understand the lyrics.
Yeah, he was pretty as a picture on his motorbike.

Never met a mirror that he didn’t like. Sorry, dude.
Reporter: We caught up with this transplanted Australian in Hollywood, showcasing her talent at the
office of the Academy of Country Music.
Austin: Why did you have to go and take me and my words.
Peterson: Let’s rock!
Reporter: The jacket may be rocking, but Michael Peterson is through and through country—a
trendsetting Billy Martin picking out clothes for a music video.
Peterson: I did everything I could to get you here tonight, without telling you why.
Reporter: “From here to Eternity”, Peterson’s first number one song from his first album, talks about
love.
Peterson: Man, you’ve finally met the person of your dreams, and you want to get married. Of course,
we have a version for people who are single called “From here to four-thirty.”
Berg: I don't feel very different, she said, I know it's strange.
Reporter: Matraca Berg is showcasing her singing for radio programmers. They already know her
songs.
Berg: I’ve been doing this for fifteen years and other people have had big hits on songs of mine.
Reporter: She has written for Martina McBride, Tricia Yearwood, Patty Loveless, Suzy Bogguss and
Deanna Carter, whose “Strawberry Wine” was Berg’s biggest song.
Berg: I walk the streets of this little town . . .
Reporter: Berg will still write for others, but her new album declares that she also wants to be in front of
the mic.

Berg: “Sunday Morning to Saturday Night” is about hypocrisy and also about rising above and how
we’re all the same.
Reporter: Just like the three songwriters: Matraca Berg, Michael Peterson and Sherrie Austin writing
their own destiny.
Ron Tank, CNN entertainment news, Hollywood.
Unit 5 Volunteer Firefighters in Los Angeles

Running Time: 02:22
Reporter: It’s dinner time at firehouse eleven, but as usual, dinner will have to wait.
Voice: Never fails, huh?
Reporter: It’s business as usual as firefighters and paramedics head out on a rescue call. It is the
beginning of another long and potentially dangerous night.
Firefighter 1: You don’t have time to really think about you being scared. If you are going to be scared, then
this is the wrong place for you.
Reporter: The response area is just west of downtown Los Angeles. Ironically, it’s the smallest in the
city, only one point five square miles, but there is plenty to be scared about. It is one of LA’s
most dangerous sections, battered by drugs, open gang warfare and poverty.
Firefighter 2: The thing that surprises me . . . are the number of dead people I’ve seen on this job.
Reporter: Last year the engine company’s thirty-six member crew raced to more than twenty thousand
fires and rescues. This year the alarm keeps going off. And it’s not just for fires. Emergency
calls to 911 to report just about any kind of injury or illness will bring out the fire trucks.
Paramedic 1: He was drinking and he fell on his bottle . . .
Woman 1: It keeps hurting right here, and I can’t take it.
Paramedic 2: . . . tell me where.
Woman 2: Sir, I don’t know, I just know I . . .
Paramedic 3: A lot of this in this district comes about because of drug abuse and alcohol abuse.
Reporter: The men and women of firehouse eleven see human despair at its worst. One wonders why
they volunteer to work here.
Firefighter 3: It makes me so happy that I’m trying to help other people.
Reporter: There are plenty of firehouses in Los Angeles where the risks aren’t nearly as great, where the
workload is far less. But transfers out of Engine Company Eleven are rare, and that’s because
this is where the action is.
Firefighter 4: The first thing that I’m thinking about is making sure that there’s nobody inside the building.
Reporter: Helping the helpless is often what it’s all about.

Firefighter 1: Being able to say that you’ve saved somebody’s life . . . not many people go home in the
morning feeling the way I do.
Woman 3: It’s a job, and I admire them for it.
Reporter: It won’t get any easier around here. That’s the challenge. That may be one reason why the
waiting list is so long to join the ranks of firehouse eleven.
Robert Vito, CNN, Los Angeles.
Unit 6 Modern Issues for the Hopi and Navajo

Running Time: 02:20
Bob
Alexander: Ok. Let’s take it up to the end here and we’ll come back.
Reporter: Bob Alexander is the proud owner of the Nordic Ski Center near Flagstaff, Arizona. His place
is so popular, business has quadrupled since nineteen eighty-eight. There’s only one problem.
Hopi man: This area, we’re sitting on right now, is a very sacred land of the Hopis.
Reporter: Business owners like Alexander, and home-owners like Dennis Forbes, are afraid of losing
everything because of a tentative agreement between Hopi and Navajo Indians that would end
their century-old land dispute. Their agreement would give the Hopis five hundred thousand
acres of federal, state and private lands, and fifteen million dollars in return for allowing less
than two hundred Navajo families to continue living on Hopi land.
Navajo Man: Any time you have the Navajo and the Hopi agree to something—to me—it’s historic.
Reporter: But Dennis Forbes and his wife think it could be disastrous. They spent years building this
beautiful home. If the Indian agreement is eventually approved by Congress, their home will
be located on a reservation, and Forbes thinks his land value will plummet.
Forbes: I don’t know how many people outside, you know, this state—in the state—would want to
buy on a reservation.
Reporter: Despite Federal assurances to the contrary, many people in Flagstaff and surrounding areas
are worried their access to the land could be jeopardized by Indian control.
Man: People hunt, hike, camp, fish, backpack, boat. There are two campgrounds, a picnic area in
the area. People go sightseeing looking at leaves in the fall. They ride horses; they ride
bicycles.
Reporter: Bob Alexander is afraid he could go from owner of his ski area to holder of a lease on the
same property.
Alexander: Will the new landlords honor permits or leases? No one has commented anything on that. It’s
a very high risk of losing our area.
Hopi Man: When has the Hopi tribe ever reneged on its commitment? I don’t think you’re going to find
one instance, one instance, where Hopi have broken a promise.

Reporter: The historic agreement between the two tribes, which have been enemies for generations,
would end one conflict, but it may spark another. This time between Indians and non-Indians
who have peacefully shared the land, up until now.
Greg LaMotte, CNN, Flagstaff, Arizona.
Unit 7 A Contemporary Look at Alaska’s Iditarod Race

Running Time: 02:14
Reporter: What is the Iditarod? It’s man and woman and dog against the elements. An eleven hundred
mile race from Anchorage to Nome, Alaska, reenacting a life and death struggle to transport
medicine during a diphtheria epidemic in the 1920s. The stakes can sometimes still be that
high, particularly for the race’s four-legged athletes. The race, an Alaska tradition since the
1970s, has been plagued by dog deaths—six last year.
David Wells: If we get to the point where dogs are not dropping dead in harness and where we don’t have
that kind of problem, then I personally can say this is a wonderful thing—it’s a fascinating
thing.
Reporter: But mushers, drivers who run the race, say no one cares more about dogs than they do.
Susan
Butcher: They’re all pets. They sleep in the bed with us; they go running loose with me. They’re all
complete pets, and so this bond and total trust—is very strong between me and my dogs.
Jeff King: As a group, mushing . . . mushers are very much in love with their animals. And we wouldn’t
be in it for any other reason.
Reporter: But animal rights critics say mixed in with dream owners, you can find a dog’s worst
nightmare.
Lynn
Manheim: These dogs live chained to coops when they’re not running, pulling sleds.
It is cruel. It’s unusual to do this to an animal. Some of them die of heart failure. Some of
them are dragged to death; they are choked to death.
Reporter: Still, most survive without incident.
King: This dog’s been in three Iditarods . . .
Reporter: Last year’s winner, Jeff King, broke the course record for mushers.
King: Abuse will not be tolerated.
Reporter: This year’s precautions will include EKG tests to identify any dog with heart problems before
the race begins—just the next step for some owners who even take their dogs for physical
therapy. The Humane Society working with the race committee has a goal of no animal deaths
this year. For a race commemorating how man’s best friend saved so many lives, it may be
time for man to return the favor.
Mark Carter, CNN, reporting.

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Facts & Figures, Unit 1

Answer Key for Facts & Figures

Lesson 1 The Kiwi

b. 1. kill 2. feathers 3. government 4. fly, wings

Page 5 c. 1. in New Zealand 2. a bird 3. about the size of a chicken

Lesson 2 The Camel

b. 1. store 2. cool, also 3. describe 4. all over

Page 9 c. 1. in the desert 2. food that changes to fat

Answer Key for Reading & Vocabulary Development 1 and 2 | 1

Lesson 3 The Polar Bear

b. 1. bears 2. weigh 3. warm 4. afraid 5. swim

d. 1. It lives near the North Pole. 2. It is yellow-white like the snow.

Lesson 4 The Hippopotamus

b. 1. mammal 2. stomach 3. breathe 4. plants 5. beside

d. 1. in the hot part of Africa *2. no 3. seven meters

Answer Key for Reading & Vocabulary Development 1 and 2 | 2

Lesson 5 The Dolphin

b. 1. dolphin 2. lonely 3. travel 4. show 5. together

d. 1. not with words, but with sounds 2. a group

Page 27 d. 1. stranger than 2. thicker than 3. hotter than

Page 27 e. Answers will vary.

Answer Key for Reading & Vocabulary Development 1 and 2 | 3

2. Answers will vary.

Page 31 b. Answers will vary.

2. high—e same—h long—f big—g

3. Answers will vary.

Answer Key for Reading & Vocabulary Development 1 and 2 | 4

Lesson 1 Why Do We Yawn?

b. 1. muscles 2. might 3. contagious 4. alert 5. However

Page 39 c. 1. f. quickly 2. i. small 3. g. different 4. h. below 5. a. close

Lesson 2 Why Do People Laugh?

b. 1. pretend 2. relax 3. equals 4. connect 5. exercise

Answer Key for Reading & Vocabulary Development 1 and 2 | 5

6. well 7. natural 8. medicine 9. clubs 10. hard

d. 1. about 17 times 2. They stretch their hands above their heads.

Lesson 3 Why Is the Sea Salty?

b. 1. carry 2. Earth, moves 3. salt 4. famous

Page 49 c. 1. university 2. lake 3. fly 4. together 5. ocean

d. 1. water 2. yes 3. into the seas and oceans

Lesson 4 How Can a Plant Kill?

Answer Key for Reading & Vocabulary Development 1 and 2 | 6

b. 1. farm, farmers 2. expensive 3. if

Page 54 c. 1. describe 2. scientists 3. save 4. believe 5. lonely

d. 1. They kill for food, or they kill their enemies. 2. no

Lesson 5 How Do Many Hearing-Impaired People Talk?

b. 1. hearing-impaired 2. interprets 3. sign

Page 59 c. 1. clouds 2. famous 3. tropics 4. if 5. kind

d. 1. They use sign language.

Answer Key for Reading & Vocabulary Development 1 and 2 | 7

Page 62 b. 1. There is, It 2. There is, It 3. There are, They

c. 1. interpreter 2. farmers 3. singer 4. speakers 5. listener

Page 63 d. 1. seafood 2. underline 3. daytime 4. stoplight 5. bedroom

e. Answers will vary.

b. She has eight children. She is a farmer.

Page 65 c. Answers will vary, for example:

b. Answers will vary.

Page 68 3. a. boredom b. fertilize c. connection

Answer Key for Reading & Vocabulary Development 1 and 2 | 8