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Stat LAS 2

The document provides background information on discrete and continuous random variables. It distinguishes between the two types of random variables, giving examples of each. It then provides exercises for learners to classify random variables as discrete or continuous and identify examples of each type.

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aljun bade
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124 views

Stat LAS 2

The document provides background information on discrete and continuous random variables. It distinguishes between the two types of random variables, giving examples of each. It then provides exercises for learners to classify random variables as discrete or continuous and identify examples of each type.

Uploaded by

aljun bade
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 6

Quarter 3, Week 1

Learning Activity Sheets (LAS) No. 2

Name of Learner: ___________________ Grade and Section: _______________


Date: _____________________________

STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY ACTIVITY SHEET


Distinguishing Between a Discrete and a Continuous Random Variable

I. Learning Competency with Code


Distinguishes between a discrete and a continuous random variable.
(M11/12SP-IIIa-2)

II. Background Information for Learners

In our subject statistics and probability, a random variable is a variable


whose value is subject to variations due to chance. As opposed to other
mathematical variables, a random variable conceptually does not have a single,
fixed value; rather, it can take on a set of possible different values, each with an
associated probability.

A random variable’s possible values might represent the possible


outcomes of a yet-to-be-performed experiment, or the possible outcomes of a
past experiment whose already-existing value is uncertain (for example, as a
result of incomplete information or imprecise measurements). They may also
conceptually represent either the results of an “objectively” random process (such
as rolling a die), or the “subjective” randomness that results from incomplete
knowledge of a quantity.

Random variables can be classified as either discrete (that is, taking any of
a specified list of exact values) or as continuous (taking any numerical value in an
interval or collection of intervals). In probability and statistics, the mathematical
function describing the possible values of a random variable and their associated
probabilities is known as a probability distribution.

Discrete random variables are variables whose values are obtained by


counting. These are variables that can take on a finite number of distinct values.

For example, you can count the number of the students in a section. You
can count the Covid-19 patients in a hospital.

Continuous random variables are variables whose value are obtained by


measuring. These are random variables that take an interminably uncountable
number of potential values, regularly measurable amounts.
For example, take age. You can’t count “age”. Why not? Because it would
literally take forever. For example, you could be: 25 years, 10 months, 2 days, 5
hours, 4 seconds, 4 milliseconds, 8 nanoseconds, 99 picoseconds…and so on.
Height is also an example. You cannot count your height but you can measure it.

Let us try to have some examples of random variables and we will


distinguish if it is discrete or continuous.

Example 1. An experiment of tossing 5 coins repeatedly and counting the


number of heads that appear.

Solution:
The random variable is the number of heads. It is countable. It
can take the values as 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5. So, the random variable is
discrete.

Example 2. Finding the average number of COVID - 19 patients of the


hospitals in the city for a month.

Solution:
The random variable is the average number of COVID - 19
patients. It takes values on a continuous scale. So, the random variable
is continuous.

Example 3. The lifespan of the battery of our cellphones.

Solution:
The random variable is the lifespan of the battery. Time takes
values on a continuous scale. So, the random variable is continuous.

Example 4. The number of text messages sent by a subscriber in a week.

Solution:
The random variable is the number of text messages sent. It
can take the values as 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5... So, the random variable is
discrete.

Example 5. Brand Z is a company that manufactures batteries. They record


the number of defective batteries that are contained in each box before
it is sent out for delivery. If X is the number of defective batteries per
box, then what type of random variable is X?

Solution:
X is a discrete random variable, and X can be a set {0, 1, 2,…n}
where n is the total number of batteries in each box.
III. Accompanying DepEd Textbook and Education Sites

Alferez, M.S. &Duro, M.A. (2006). MSA Statistics and Probability. MSA
Publishing House. Reprinted 2016.

Belecina, R. R.et.al. (2016). Statistics and Probability. First Edition. Rex Book
Store, Inc.

CHED. Statistics and Probability. Pasig City: Department of Education -


Bureau of Learning Resources

https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-statistics/chapter/discrete-rando
m-variables/

https://www.statisticshowto.com/probability-and-statistics/statistics-definitions/
discrete-vs-continuous-variables/

IV. Activity Proper

General Directions: In answering the exercises in the Learning Activity Sheet


(LAS), please be reminded not to write anything here. All answers must
be written in a separate sheet of paper. Read each problem carefully
and answer it systematically. If a solution is required, encircle your final
answer.

Exercise 1: Discrete or Continuous Random Variables

Give at least 3 examples each of Discrete Random Variables and


Continuous Random Variables. The examples are given in the table below.
Copy the same table in a separate sheet of paper. Write your answers on the
table.

Discrete Random Variables Continuous Random Variables


1. Number of learners in the classroom 1. Weights of learners in one section
2. Number of persons infected by 2. Average number of recoveries of
COVID-19 in one day COVID-19 in a month
3. Number of visitors in a tourist spot in a 3. Room temperatures in a certain time of
week the day

Guide Questions:

1. How will you know that a random variable is discrete or continuous?


2. What is the difference between a discrete random variable and
continuous random variable?
Exercise 2: Identify whether the given situation involves a discrete random
variable or a continuous random variable.
1. getting the body temperature of patient admitted in a COVID ward
2. collecting data about the weights of students in a certain school
3. the number of siblings in a family in Iloilo Province
4. the number of no work no pay employees in a certain municipality caused
by pandemic
5. the speed of a car
6. the number of people playing LOTTO each day
7. the number of text messages received by a particular individual in a day
8. the number of possible outcomes in rolling a die
9. the amount of liquid in a can of soft drinks
10. the number of fouls committed by a basketball team during the games

Exercise 3: What is that again? Complete the table below.

Experiment Random Variable X Possible Values of


Random Variable X
1. Tossing a pair of coins Number of heads that appear 0, 1, 2
2. Rolling a die Number that appears 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
3. Listing the Set of Whole Positive whole numbers
Numbers
4. Recording the scores of
players in a basketball 0 < x < 25
game
5. The Lifespan of Time until the battery
your laptop battery becomes defective
6. Amount of paint to
beautify a wall

Guide Question:

1. Which of the examples in the table are discrete? How about


continuous?
Exercise 1
Answers may vary
Exercise 2
1. Continuous 6. Discrete
2. Continuous 7. Discrete
3. Discrete 8. Discrete
4. Discrete 9. Continuous
5. Continuous 10. Discrete
Exercise 3
Experiment Random Variable X Possible Values of
Random Variable X
1. Tossing a pair of coins Number of heads that appear 0, 1, 2
2. Rolling a die Number that appears 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
3. Listing the Set of Whole Positive whole numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, …
Numbers
4. Recording the scores of
players in a basketball Scores from 0 - 25 0 < x < 25
game
5. The Lifespan of Time until the battery becomes
0<x<∞
your laptop battery defective
6. Amount of paint to
liters used 0<x<∞
beautify a wall
1. Numbers 1 – 4 are discrete and numbers 5 – 6 are continuous.
Key to Solution

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