University of Misan College of Engineering Electrical Engineering Department Morning Study / Third Stage

University of Misan
College of Engineering
electrical engineering Department
Morning study / third stage
Preparing students
Muhammed Khalil Muheisen

Ali Ibrahim Athafa
Shams Dhafer Fakher
Zahraa Abdel Karim
Zahraa Moussa
Supervised by
Hisham Daoud
Three phase indction motor
An electrical motor is an electromechanical device that converts electrical

energy into mechanical energy. In the case of three-phase AC (Alternating
Current) operation, the most widely used motor is a 3 phase induction motor, as
this type of motor does not require an additional starting device. These types of
motors are known as self-starting induction motors.
To get a good understanding of the working principle of a three-phase induction

motor, it’s essential to understand the construction of a 3 phase induction
motor. A 3 phase induction motor consists of two major parts:
 A stator
 A rotor
Stator
As the name suggests, the stator is a stationary part of the motor. The
stator of the induction motor consists of three main parts;
 Stator Frame
 Stator Core
 Stator Winding
Rotor
As the name suggests, the rotor is a rotating part of the motor. According
to the type of rotor, the induction motor is classified as;
 Squirrel Cage Induction Motor

 Phase Wound (Wound Rotor) Induction motor / Slip-ring Induction Motor
The construction of the stator is same in both types of induction motors.

We will discuss the types of rotors used in 3-phase induction motors in the
following section of types of three phase induction motors
Construction
The stator of an induction motor consists of poles carrying supply current to

induce a magnetic field that penetrates the rotor. To optimize the distribution of
the magnetic field, windings are distributed in slots around the stator, with the
magnetic field having the same number of north and south poles. Induction
motors are most commonly run on single-phase or three-phase power, but two-
phase motors exist; in theory, induction motors can have any number of phases.
Many single-phase motors having two windings can be viewed as two-phase
motors, since a capacitor is used to generate a second power phase 90° from the
single-phase supply and feeds it to the second motor winding. Single-phase
motors require some mechanism to produce a rotating field on startup.
Induction motors using a squirrel-cage rotor rotor winding may have the rotor
bars skewed slightly to smooth out torque in each revolution.
Standardized NEMA & IEC motor frame sizes throughout the industry result in
interchangeable dimensions for shaft, foot mounting, general aspects as well as
certain motor flange aspect. Since an open, drip proof (ODP) motor design
allows a free air exchange from outside to the inner stator windings, this style
of motor tends to be slightly more efficient because the windings are cooler. At
a given power rating, lower speed requires a larger frame.
How does a 3-Phase Motor Work?
Three-phase motors operate by the principle of electromagnetic induction

which was discovered by the English physicist Michael Faraday back in 1830.
Faraday noticed that when a conductor such as a coil or loop of wire, is placed
in a changing magnetic field, there is an induced electromotive force or EMF
that is generated in the conductor. He also observed that current flowing in a
conductor such as wire will generate a magnetic field and that the magnetic
field will vary as the current in the wire changes in either magnitude or
direction. This is expressed in mathematical form by relating the curl of the
electric field to the rate of change in time of the magnetic flux:
Advantages of Three Phase Induction Motor
Following are the chief advantages of a 3-phase induction motor −
 It has simple and rugged construction.

 It requires less maintenance.
 It has high efficiency and good power factor.
 It is less expensive.
 It has self-starting torque.
Thus the three phase induction motor is:
 Self-starting.
 Less armature reaction and brush sparking because of the absence of
commutators and brushes that may cause sparks.
 Robust in construction.
 Economical.
 Easier to maintain.

University of Misan College of Engineering Electrical Engineering Department Morning Study / Third Stage

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University of Misan College of Engineering Electrical Engineering Department Morning Study / Third Stage

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University of Misan

Muhammed Khalil Muheisen

An electrical motor is an electromechanical device that converts electrical

To get a good understanding of the working principle of a three-phase induction

 Squirrel Cage Induction Motor

The construction of the stator is same in both types of induction motors.

The stator of an induction motor consists of poles carrying supply current to

Three-phase motors operate by the principle of electromagnetic induction

Advantages of Three Phase Induction Motor

Following are the chief advantages of a 3-phase induction motor −

 It has simple and rugged construction.

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