Lesson Plan in Organic Molecules
Lesson Plan in Organic Molecules
Lesson Plan in Organic Molecules
I. Objectives:
Identify the classes of organic compounds and the functional groups.
Explain how they differ from one another in terms of structure.
Master how they are named differently from each other.
C. Materials:
Pictures, Illustrations, sticky notes, Activity Sheets, Video
Lessons
III. Activities:
A. ENGAGE
The activity will be called “Pinoy Henyo”.
The rules are simple and straightforward and are already
familiar to students because they are based on a popular party
game.
All the students have either the structure or name of an
unknown class of compound written on a sticky note that they
place on their foreheads.
The objective is for each student to figure out what his or her
molecule is by asking other students a series of provided
questions.
The pair that gets the highest number of correct answers being
guest within two minutes will win and get additional points.
The game is a fun alternative to rote memorization or using flash
cards.
Note: The strategy is effective because it requires students to think
about these molecules through discussion, especially their similarities
and differences.
Sample compounds to be
guessed.
B. EXPLORE
As a follow up activity, I will give each team of students a
specific infographic from below that had one or more of the
functional groups in them.
The team has to identify the functional group(s) and try to come
up with reasons it makes sense the functional group is found in
that specific compound.
The teams reported out their findings in order to educate other
teams that did not see that particular infographic.
It is a fun follow up activity that will only take about 20 minutes
for 7 teams.
C. EXPLAIN
The teacher will discuss the following:
Functional groups are important in chemistry because they are
the portion of a molecule that is capable of characteristic
reactions. They, therefore, determine the properties and
chemistry of many organic compounds. An organic
compound is any compound that contains carbon and another
element. A functional group is an atom or group of atoms that
is responsible for a particular chemical property of an organic
compound. Organic compounds can be classified according to
their functional groups.
There are several structural units that chemists use to classify
organic compounds and predict their reactivities. These
functional groups, which determine the chemical reactivity of a
molecule under a given set of conditions, can consist of a single
atom (such as Cl) or a group of atoms (such as CO 2H). The
major families of organic compounds are characterized by their
functional groups. There are five families: hydrocarbons,
halogen-containing compounds, oxygen-containing compounds,
carboxylic acid derivatives, and nitrogen-containing compounds.
The first family is the hydrocarbons. These include alkanes, with
the general molecular formula C nH2n+2 where n is an integer;
alkenes, represented by CnH2n; alkynes, represented by CnH2n−2;
and arenes. Halogen-substituted alkanes, alkenes, and arenes
form a second major family of organic compounds, which
include the alkyl halides and the aryl halides. Oxygen-containing
organic compounds, a third family, may be divided into two main
types: those that contain at least one C–O bond, which include
alcohols, phenols (derivatives of benzene), and ethers, and
those that contain a carbonyl group (C=O), which include
aldehydes, ketones, and carboxylic acids. Carboxylic acid
derivatives, the fourth family listed, are compounds in which the
OH of the –CO2H functional group is replaced by either an
alkoxy (–OR) group, producing an ester, or by an amido (–NRR′,
where R and R′ can be H and/or alkyl groups), forming an
amide. Nitrogen-containing organic compounds, the fifth family,
include amines; nitriles, which have a C≡N bond; and nitro
compounds, which contain the –NO2 group.
We discuss the importance of organic molecules and functional
groups. Why butter is a solid and oils are liquids despite the
apparent similarities in their structures, why the widely used anti-
inflammatory drug ibuprofen takes longer than half an hour to
relieve pain, and the identity of the major carcinogen in grilled
meats and cigarette smoke. The chapter concludes with a brief
introduction to the molecules of life, which will explain how the
consumption of lactose can result in mental retardation and
cirrhosis of the liver in some individuals, how hibernating
animals survive during the winter, and how certain groups of
antibiotics kill bacteria that are harmful to humans.
For additional information about the topic, the teacher can also
suggest the following video lessons as a source of enrichment.
o https://study.com/academy/lesson/functional-groups-in-
organic-molecules.html
o https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m9jM8lWxrAE
o https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QCVU2zQ0AKA
D. E
L
A
B
O
R
A
T
E
Real situation problems will be formulated where the student
proposes solutions as a scientist for active ingredient synthesis
like the acetylsalicylic acid (Figure below). By the end of the
session, a debate on the importance of functional groups in a
daily life basis will be carried out.
E. EVALUATE
Answer the worksheet (See attached worksheet) Write your
answers on the space provided in the Worksheet. Use additional
sheet of paper if necessary.
WORKSHEET IN ORGANIC MOLECULES
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