Pcl Cu Ree Ur acd Dread oe ee ee ees VOCABULARY } adjective-noun collocations iS » 4 ECC Pola) wie) SPEAKING Ore eee eee eters Tene Pres Tete cs e UNIT QUESTION What's more important: taste or nutrition? A. Discuss these questions with your classmates. . How important is food in your life? Do you “eat to live” or “live ta eat”? . Do you agree that if something tastes great, it’s probably bad for you? Look at the photo. What can you tell about these people's attitude about food and nutrition?Pas Pee EWC UU RCLe Rd information and ideas to conduct a class survey oad CO! © B Listen to The Q Classroom online, Then match the ideas in the box to the students. a, We need food that is both healthy and tastes good. ‘b-Eatinerhealthy foodisimportant: . ood nutrition makes people healthy. d. Food that tastes good makes people happy. ‘The importance of taste and nutrition Sophy | b. Eating healthy food is important. Felix Marcus Yuna iQomm € Goto the Online Discussion Board to your classmates. uss the Unit Question withA Matter of Taste For a long time, experts in the West believed there were only four basic tastes: sweet, sour, cos salty, and bitter. Then, inthe early 2000s, umami ieaeam ‘was recognized as the fifth basic taste. Umami is ¥ a Japanese word that means “yummy” or “nice” It describes food that tastes “meaty,” such as meat, fish, and cheese. (2) grapeft a D Read the paragraph and complete the chart. ~ w mH S zZ 4 A mi q 2 4 Lookat the pictures. Where bd 73 en a do you think each food or drinkehould go? Complete parsley the chart. Then check (7) your favorite foods. pineapple potato chips Sweet fo Umami cream grapefruit chicken E Compare your answers in a group. Do you all agree which basic taste each food has? Add some more examples to the chart. F Check (7) your favorite foods in the chart. Which of the five basic tastes do you like best? Who in your group shares your cance of taste? 28 UNIT2 | What's more important: taste or nutrition?es LISTENING 1| You Are What You Eat BBY ISS Youre going totisten ton excerpt froma rad show in which Andrew Patterson interviews Dr. Maureen O'Ryan, a nutrition expert. As you listen to the excerpt, gather information and ideas about the importance of taste and nutrition, PREVIEW THE LISTENING Critical Thinking @ A. EESIEM] Look at this list of foods and drinks. Which do you think have Aebiiy Acasis you good effects? Which have bad effects? Write G (good) or B (bad). Then to make prodltone. compare your idaas with a clazzmate. Which of thara foods and drinks do When you make you consume most in your diet? predictions, you use What you already ee iotel ye cheese red meat guess the answers. coffee soda dark chocolate ta milk chocolate white meat B. Read aloud these words from Listening 1. Check (/) the ‘ones you know. Use a dictionary to find the meaning of any words you do not know. Then discuss with a partner how these words may relate to the unit. | balanced (ad,) mic tid | calories (r.) mood (n.) concentrate (1) rely on(phr.v) consume (v) spicy (adj) & diet (n.) & wise (adj) & Oxford 3000" words C. Go online to listen and practice your pronunciWORK WITH THE LISTENING Oa Choose one of the foods or drinks from Activity A in Preview the Listening on page 29. Listen to the interview and take notes ‘on what Dr. O’Ryan says about it. Then tell your partner. ( Food or drink: Notes; © _B. Listen again to the interview. What does Dr. O’Ryan say about each food or drink? Check (/) the correct answer. ee a LT 1. red meat | 2. white meat 3, cheese [ 4. coffee 5. tea 6. soda | 7. milk chocolate 8 dark chocolate C. Read the sentences. Circle the answer that best completes each statement. 1. Dr. O’Ryan’s advice is to a. eat anything you like b. always eat healthy foods c. eat a balanced diet 2. Red meat is good for your a. eyesight b. hair and teeth c. bones and skin 30 UNIT2 | Whatmore important: taste or nutrition?3. Eating turkey can help you a. feel more relaxed b. lose more weight c. have better eyesight 4, Cheese can raise your blood pressure because it contains a lot of. a. oil b. salt c. calories 5. Too much coffee can a. make you feel stressed b. give you too much energy . affect your heart 6. Green tea can help you a. lose weight b. sleep well c. concentrate better 7. Calories that have no nutritional value are called calories. a. dead b. empty c. useless 8. Drinking soda can make you feel a. happier b. more tired c. hungrier 9. Dark chocolate: a. is good for your heart ». has less fat than milk chocolate . can increase your blood pressure D. Mark these statements T (true) or F (false). Then write a sentence to explain why, using the information from Listening 1 to support your answers. 1. Itis important to know what effects food and drink have on our bodies. | Listening and Speaking 3132 2. Eating lots of fruits and vegetables is essential to a healthy diet, 3. Red meat is just as healthy as white meat. 4. Itis better to avoid drinking coffee. 5. Itis OK to consume things we know are bad for us. E. Go online to listen to Governing What We Eat and check your comprehension. Fr Use the new vocabulary from Listening 1. Complete each sentence with the correct word from the balanced (adj) calories (n.) _—_concentrate(v,)_ consume(v) diet (n.) mix (v) mood(n) —_relyon(ohrv) spicy (adi) __wise (adi) 1, My___includes a lot of chicken and rice. 2. Ifyou too much food, you will gain weight. 3. Ican't cook, soI_____ my mother to make my meals. 4. I'm not going to eat this candy bar because it has 150. 5. Tlove chocolate because it always puts me in a good 6. Icantteat_____ food because it upsets my stomach. 7. Doyou think its __to go jogging right after a big meal? 8. According to the recipe. you have to the flour and sugar together before adding the eggs. 9. Please don’t talk to me while I'm cooking. I nced to. 10. A good way to stay healthy isto eat meals and exercise regularly. G. Go online for more practice with the vocabulary. UNIT2 | What's more important: taste or nutrition?@ SAY WHAT YOU THINK cuss the questions in a group. 1. Do you agree with Dr. O'Ryan’s advice for a healthy diet? Why or why not? 2. Do you think people worry too much about nutrition? Give examples. 3. Do you agree that “you are what you eat"? Bute p i stening for causes and effects Speakers often talk about causes and effects to help explain their opinions. Listening for the linking words and phrases that connect causes (reasons) and effects (results) will help you understand a speaker's main points. © _ Here are some words and phrases that signal causes and effects. {rately cook because | am tired when | get home. effect cause We usually eat at home since it's so expensive to eat out these days. effect cause I never buy fish as I don't know how to cook it. effect cause The pasta tasted terrible, so we didn't eat it. eee cause effect Due to her healthy diet, Keiko lived to be 110 years old tat) aux au Because of the high calories, Inever eat chocolate. a cause effect Note: Use due to and because of before noun phrases. Use because, since, as, and so before clauses.© A. Listen to the sentences. Complete each sentence with the correct word or phrase. 1, ____Dr. O'Ryan is a nutrition expert, Andy interviewed her on his radio show. 2, Eating a lot of cheese isn't good _ the large amount of salt. 3. Andy stopped drinking soda, he feels much healthier now. 4, Andy also wants to lose weight, he's following Dr. O'Ryan’s suggestions. © _B. Listen to four statements from the radio show. Complete the chart with the causes or effects you hear. Then circle the linking words. Cause Effect ea ating turkey can actually change natural substance which | ——> makes us feel calm, peobisnnaed ete Se 2.Cheese has calcium, Bffect Cause 1. Coffee gives you energy 2.The calories in soda are what we call “empty* — calories 34 UNIT2 | What's more important: taste or nutrition?. Think about your diet, How does what you eat affect you? For example, does it make you feel tired or awake, nervous or happy? Does the time of day make a difference? Make notes and share your ideas with a partner. Be sure to use linking words and phrases when giving causes and effects. Inever eat ice cream because it makes my teeth hurt, Sometimes | drink coffee in the morning a9 it helps to wake me up. fur uence ‘When listening to identify causes and effects, you need to listen carefully for the key words and phrases thar are used to introduce both causes and their effects, ‘To introduce a cause, you may hear: as, hecause, hecause of, due to, since ‘To introduce an effect you may hear: az. resuls consequent 20, therefore It is also useful to prepare a T-chart to help you classify the information, Write ‘Cause and Effect in a T-chart and note each piece of information in the appropriate column as you listen. Organizing your notes inthis way will help you understand. how the ideas relate to one another. It will also make it easier to review your notes. A, Read this section of a talk on nutrition. Circle the words that introduce causes and effects. Fast food is more popular today than ever before. Because of our busy lifestyle, people don’t always have time to cook their own meals. Tt may be more expensive than cooking for yourself, but every day millions of us choose a pizza or take-out instead of a home-cooked meal. The downside is that although fast food is quick and easy, itis expensive, so it can be bad for our wallets. What's more, itis bad for our health, too, asa lot of fast food contains high levels of sugar and salt. Also, itis easy to eat too much due to special promotions that encourage us to buy more than we need. For all these reasons, we need to start making healthier food choices. TYE) | coring andspesting 35B. Use this T-chart to complete each cause and effect. = busy lifestyle 2. itisexpensive bad for health eattoo much {QUEEN Go online for more practice taking notes on causes and effects. LISTENING 2 | Food Tasters EREBNSSS You ets going to listen to some lectures from a career website, Three bs professional food tasters talk about their jobs. As you listen, gather Information and ideas about the importance of taste and nutrition. PREVIEW THE LISTENING A. [TSUN] What skills do you think a food taster needs to have? Do you think this Job requires training? What Kinds of foods do you think a food taster might taste? cheese chocolate 36 UNIT2 | What's more important: taste or nutrition?TATETUEEN Read aloud these words from Listening 2. Check (7) the ‘ones you kiuw, Use a dictionary to find the meaning of any wards you do not know. Then discuss with a partner haw these words may relate to, the unit. complex (adj) flavor (n) & swallow (v) 2 disgusting (adj) & keep an eye on (phr) texture (n.) distinauish (x) 2 occasionally (adv) 2° trend in.) 2 estimate.) 2 P Oo 200 wos €. Go online to listen and practice your pronunciation. WORK WITH THE LISTENING AL Listen to three professional food tasters talk about thair jobs. Rafora you listan, look at the T-charts halow. As you @ er c0cce00 Remember to isten carefully for kev words that introduce causes and effects. Stuart loves chocolate everybody. easy to put on weight has to keep up with Marie listen, complete the causes and effects. this is his, volunteers easy to find tries to travels lot all taste different keep cheeses fora long time need to people like to try Frrique need to, has to decide ‘convenient to live outside Paris must develop new products sense of taste Destin mornings people pay alot for coffee tastes up to 100 coffees livos only. want to doesn't walks to work 37 PRD | Uitening and speaking38. B. Read the statements. Listen again to Stuart and Marie and write T (true) or F (false). Then correct the false statements. Stuart 1. hasa degree in nutrition. 2. started this job immediately after graduation. the dentist once a year. Marie... 4. doesn't like strong smelling cheeses. —5. often visits local farmers. 6. hasa degree in food science. C. Listen ai statement. 1 tu Enrique, Circle the answer that best completes each 1. Enrique started work as a (manager / waiter) in a coffee shop. 2. He (has / does not have) a professional qualification. 3. He works for a large (importing / exporting) company. 4, He checks the (price / quality) ofthe coffee. 5. Inthe afiernoons he (emails clients / contacts suppliers) D. Read these summaries. Work with a partner to find two mistakes in each one. Correct the mistakes. 1. Stuart is a chocolate taster for an ice cream manufacturer. He has a degree in nutrition, He trains staff, visits factories, and deals with suppliers. He hhas worked in his current job for cight years. He likes to keep fit and cat healthily 2. Marie is a cheese buyer for a large supermarket. Un a taste day, she checks the favor, texture, and sinell uf up tw 10 different cheeses. She especially likes etrong-emelling cheeses. Sho sometimes gote tired of her job. 3. Enrique works asa trainee coffee taster. He checks the quality of coffee, its smell and taste, and how sweet or bitter it is. He loves his job. To him, trying to tell the differences between different coffees ia very easy. UNIT2 | What's more important: taste or nutrition?Vocabulary ————— Jn unit 1 you earnea about suffies. Review the common suffixes on page 17 Notice how these sues can help you identity the correct part of speech E Use the new vocabulary from Listening 2. Read the sentences. Circle the answer that best matches the meaning of each bold word or phrase. 1. Some of the best dishes are made with a variety of spices. This gives them ‘a complex flavor. a, complicated b. uninteresting . important 2, ‘That cheese smells disgusting, Throw it away! a. disappointing b. amazing . terrible 3. Hold your nose and close your eyes, and you'll ind it hard to distinguish between an onion and an apple. a. see b. know c. tell the difference 4, Scientists donit exactly know; but they estimate that 80 percent of what we taste is due to smell. a. promise b. agree completely ¢. calculate approximately 5. Children often dont like to eat food with strong flavors, but they grow to like them as they get older. a. senses b, tastes c. feelings 6. Could you keep an eye on the cookies in the oven while I'm out? I don't want them to burn, a. think about Db. listen to c. check often 7. I don’t eat eggs much, but occasionally I have an omelet. a. frequently b. never «. sometimes You should swallow your vitamins with a full glass of water. a try b. take c mix 9. I don't like the texture of this bread—it’s too hard for me. a. feel b. look c. taste 10. I don't take dieting trends seriously » a, fashions b. meals c. restaurants ec they change so often. iQ F. Go online tor more practice with the vocabulary. | Ustening and Speaking 39SAY WHAT YOU THINK A. Discuss the questions in a group. 1, Which do you like best: chocolate, cheese, or coffee? Why do you like it so much? 2. Do you think you might like to be a food taster? Why or why not? B. Before you watch the video, discuss the questions in a group. 1. What kinds of foode contain carbohydrates? Is it better to eat before or after exercise? 2. How can food help the brain? Are some foods better for the brain than others? Does it really matter what time of day you eat? (QUE) c. co online to watch a video | about food and the body | and brain. Then check your comprehension. D. \k about the unit video, Listening 1, and Listening 2 as you discuss the questions. 1,_In.what ways can what we eat affect our health and well-being? How healthy is your diet and lifestyle? 2. Who is most responsible for making sure we make the right food choices: the government. parents, teachers, or ourselves? How can people who eat uulvalthy food be eucouraged tu change thei habits? 40 UNIT? | What’smare important taster nutrition?Vere) sXe Roce Led Collacations are combinations of words that are often nsed together For example, certain adjectives go together with certain nouns, Using correct collocations will make your conversations sound more natural. -noun collocations, Tete ate some examples of adjec When you eat before exercising, you should only have a light meal. There is nothing better than a cold drink on a hot summer day. | try not to eat too much fast food, but i's difficult because | lave fries. Would you like cheesecake for dessert or just some fresh fruit? Complete each collocation with a noun from the box. 1. asoft 2, junk 3. ajuicy 4, abalanced a quick B. Complete each sentence with the correct collocation from Activity A. 1. Jim’s favorite meal to cook at home is ae served with potatoes. 2. To have you need to eat lots of different kinds of foods, 3, Do you want tea, or would you like with hunch? 4, Tused to eat chips and candy al the time. Now I hate T don't have time for a big lunch, so let's just have _ | Listening and Speaking 41C. Circle the answer that best completes each collocation. 1. James has always had a very a. healthy b. fit appetite, 2. Generally, I try to avoid eating a lot of fatty. a. cooking b. foods 3, Isall the fish on the menu deep a. grilled b. fried 4 exercise is an important part of staying healthy. a. Regular b. Steady 5, [like cooking, but I hate washing all the dishes afterwards. a. filthy b. dirty Go online for more practice with adjective-noun collocations. 42 UNIT2 | What's more important: taste or nutrition?Atthe end of this unit, you will interview three classmates about their favorite dishes. Make sure to give advice when you conduct your interviews. Count nouns are the names of things we can count, for example, one egg and {wo bananas, Noncount nouns are the names of things we cannot count, such as cheese and water. how many/how much Use how many with count nouns. Use how much with noncount nouns. [ How many apples do you eat a week? How much tea do vou drink a dav? too many/too much ‘Use too many/too much when there is more than you want or need. You can have cookies once in a while, but don’t eat too many. Don't drink too much coffee at bedtime, or you'll never fall asleep. enough/not enough Use enough/not enough with both count and noncount nouns. We have enough food for everybody, ‘We don't have enough chairs. ‘A. Complete the conversations with words and phrases from the box. Then practice the conversations with a partner, ‘enough many toomany | notenough much —_toomuch Eileen: Hey, that smells great, What are you cooking? Debra: Chicken with chilies and rice, Do you want to try some? Eileen: Sure ... Wow! That's hot! How _____ chilies did you puting PBB) | uistering and speaking 43@ esses When listening, make cure you ‘maintain eye contact. This encourages the speaker and shows that you are interested. Debra: Five. But they're really emall. Don't you like spicy food? Eileen: Yeah, | do, but it’s too hot for me! Anna: What do you think of the soup? It’s potato and onion, Susi Hmm, It’s OK. It seems like there is something missing, though. Anna: Maybe T idn't put in salt. ‘Suste: And its pretty thick, Isn't itt Anna: Yes. think I used _____ potatoes. Muriel: How sugar did you put in this coffee? Angela One teaspoon ‘Muriel: ‘Ihats______ for me | like my cotfee very sweet. Angela: Well, you shouldn't have You'll get fat. B. Make a list of foods and drinks you like. Write C (count) or N (noncount) next to each item, Then discuss your favorite things to eat and drink with a partner, Be sure to use much, many, and enough correctly with count and noncount nouns, Foods I like ... Drinks I like... . Go online for more practice using quantifiers with count and noncount nouns. D. Go online for the grammar expansion 44 UNIT2 | What's more important: taste or nutrition?‘When certain worde follow each other, additional counde are created. These extra sounds make a natural Link between the two words. When a word beginning with a vowel follows a ward that ends in the vowel sounds Jif, fext or fan! (Uke bee, say, or eye), a// sound is added between the words. I can't see you tonight, but Tuesday // is fine. {think Marco must be /taian. 1/}/ ate salmon for dinner last night. ‘When a word beginning with a vowel follows a word that ends in the vowel sounds Jul, Jol, or /aU! (like who, no and how), a JW/ sound is added between the words. Do you /w/ eat a balanced diet? [ Do you want to go /w/ out for lunch? How /w/ Is your steak? Pronouncing these linking sounds will help make your English sound more natural. © A. Listen to the sentences. Write /j/or /w/in the correct places. Then listen 1 2. 2 6. 2 oO B. iQamy « again and check your answers. We /j/all_eat things we know we chonldn't “Empty” calories have no nutritional value at all. I cant diink coffee, but tea is fine. Cheese has calcium, so it’s good for your teeth. Sometimes in the evening Tm too tired to. cook. Marie makes sure the cheese is ready t0 go out on sale. Stuart thinks the appearance of chocolate can be as important as the taste. Enrique thinks people pay a lot for cotfee so they want to enjoy it. Listen again. Repeat each sentence. Practice linking /i/ and /wi. Go online for more practice using links with /j/ and /w/. DEBEED | tivering ana seating 45‘The words should, shouldy’t, and ought to are used to give advice. Listen to these sentences ® _F According to Dr. O'Ryan, Andy should drink less coffee. He shouldn't drink a lot of soda. He ought to eat more fish, You can sound more polite by starting a sentence with perhaps. [Perhaps you should eat more fruit and vegetables. You can give stronger advice by adding realy. [You really ought to cat more fruit and vegetables. A. Work with a partner. Discuss your eating and drinking habits. Take turns making true statements about your diet. After each of your partner's statements, give some advice, using should/shouldn’t or ought to. Remember to use count/noncount nouns correctly. ‘A: | probably eat to0 much fast food. : You should try to eat more healthily. For example, you shouldn't eat hres for lunch. Perhaps you should eat a salad instead. B. Think about the advice your partner gave you. Work in a group. Share the advice you received. | eat too much fast food, 60 | should try to eat more healthily. For example, ought to cat a salad for lunch instead of fries. FQUBTE c. co online for more practice giving advice. 46 UNIT2 | What's more important: taste or nutrition?ee acae Conducta class survey a In this assignment, you are going to interview three classmates about = their favorite dishes. As you prepare your interview, think about the Unit Question, "What's more important: taste or nutrition?” Use information from Listening 1, Listening 2, the unit video, and your work in this unit to support your interview. Refer to the Self-Assessment checklist on page 50. CONSIDER THE IDEAS Work in a group. Match each dish with the country it comes from. Then discuss which dishes you have tried and whether or not you liked them. i fondue a. Japan — 2. pizza b. Saudi Arabia —3. kabsa Switzerland 4. moussaka d. Greece —5. sushi e. Mexico 6. tacos f Italy What other dishes from around the world do you know? In your aroup, quiz each other on where different dishes come from. ‘As Where does paella come from? B: Uh... Spain! Pala Valenciana Coad | Listening and Speaking 47es ‘When making notes, don't write full sentences, Just write the important words. PREPARE AND SPEAK A. Make a list of your favorite dishes, ‘country or from other cultures. ‘Choose one dish from your list in Activity A. Use the outline to help you prepare to talk about it. Do not write exactly what you are going to say. Just write notes to help you organize your ideas. bat ‘What's the name of the dish? ! Where is it from? What are the ingredients? How healthy is this dish? Why do you particularly lake this dish ‘Complete these steps. Refer to the Self-Assessment checklist on page 50 before you begin. 1. Interview three students. 2. Ask them about their favorite dishes from Activity B, and take notes in the chart. 48 UNIT2 | What's more important taste or nutrition?3. When you talk about your own favorite dish, use your notes from Activity B to help you. Do not read exactly what you wrote; just use your notes. = ee Classmate 3 Dish Country Ingredients Isithealthy? Reasons for liking ie? 4, When you finish, discuss your interviews in a group. Do more of your classmates choose their favorite dish because of taste or nutrition? Whose favorite dish would you like to try? Go online for your alternate Unit Assignment. co | Listening and Speaking 4950 CHECK AND REFLECT A Think about the Unit Assignment as you complete the f-Assessment checklist. EG SSS 1 1 |G | Iwasable to speak easly about the topic C1 C1 Myclassmates understood me. sed vocabulary from the unit C1 used quantifiers with count/noncount nouns. © bused links with fi! and Mv! | Igave advice. {Gl Go to the Online Discussion Board to discuss these questions. 1. What is something new you learned in this unit? 2. Look back at the Unit Question—What's more important: taste or nutrition? Is your answer different now than when you started this unit? If yes, how isit different? Why? UNIT2 | What's more important: taste or nutrition?verry rer TRACK YOUR SUCCESS ve , Circle the words and phrases you have learned in this unit. Nouns mix @ Phrasal Verbs calories swallow & rely on diet & Adjectives | Phrases flavor balanced keep an eye on mooie complex a8 Collocations leet disgusting & cold drink | peed ee spicy & fast food Verbs wise fresh truit | concentrate ?om Adverbs light meal | coneure occasionally @ | distinguish 2 package | estimate om really 2 & Onord 2000" words Academic Word List Check (/) the skills you learned. If you need more work on a skill, refer to the page(s) in parentheses. LISTENING Mi Ican listen for causes and effects. (p. 33) NORM MICO Once uke ee cca Se) VOCABULARY M Ican use adjective-noun collocations. (p. 41) GRAMMAR Ml Icanuse quantifiers with count/noncount nouns. (p.43) PRONUNCIATION Ml Ican link words with /i/ and /w/ sounds. (p. 45) SPEAKING Ml Icangive advice. (p. 46) TUE aan Re een ey Pan ice | Listening and Speaking 51