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BCSL-056 Network Programming and Administration Lab

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181 views15 pages

BCSL-056 Network Programming and Administration Lab

Uploaded by

Anish kumar Das
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gesfs Tony Stuny Henpee www ignousite.com Nene Sunt Poona Course Code : BCSL-056 Course Title : Network Programming and Administration Lab Assignment Number : BCA(5)/L-056/Assignment/2022-23 Maximum Marks : 50 Weightage : 25% www.ignousite.com Last date of Submission : 31st October, 2022 (For July, Sessivs 115th April. 2023 (For January. SessiDN a Ql. Write and execute a TCP client and a server program in C-language to perform the following tasks: The TCP client program sends two strings to the TCP server program to concatenate these two strings. - The TCP server program sends the concatenated strings to the client. ‘Ans. TCP client program include enetdb.h> include estdio.h> include estdlib.ho include estringh> dicluute 4idefine MAX 80 lHdefine PORT 8080 Hidefine SA struct sockaddr void functint sockfd) { char buff{MAXl: int for (:)f brerolbuff, sizeof( buf); printf("F tor the string -") n=0; while ((bufffr+t] = getchar()) = "\n') \write(sockfd, buff, sizeoflbutf); brerolbutff, sizeof{buffl); read{sockfa, buff, sizeof(butf)); printf("From Server :%", buff); if (strncmplbuff, "exit", 4)} == 0) { printf("Client Exit..\n"); break; Int main) ( Ignou Study Helper-Sunil Poonia Page 1 } ‘Output: nousite.com int sockd, conntas struct sockaddr_in servaddr, cli; J socket create and verification sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0}; if (sockfd == -1) { printfi"socket creation failed...\n"): 4p S™* exit ‘eh hes oe printf("Socket successfully created..\n"); bzerol&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr)); 1/ assign IP, PORT servaddr.sin_family = AF_INET; servaddr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr’ servaddr.sin_port = htons(PORT); {connect the client socket to server socket if (Connect(socktd, (SA*}&servaddr, sizeot(servaddr) printf("connection with the server failed...\n'); exit(O); on else printf("connected to the server..\n"} {/ function for chat tune(sockta); // close the socket close(sockfd); Sarees ere ges Touou Stony Heese Nest? SUMIL POONA Ignou Study Helper-Sunil Poonia Page 2 aww ignousite.com ‘TCP server program Winclude include include Winclude include estring.h> include include fidefine MAX 80 fidefine PORT 8080 lidefine SA struct sockaddr // Function designed for chat between client and server. aaa ‘et {finfinite loop for chat for (i) ‘a 25 fs Towa Srypy Heupee Ey SUNIL POONIA } brerolbuff, MAX}; // read the message from client and copy it in buffer read{connfd, buff, sizeof(buf)) // print butter which contains the dlient contents printf("From client: %s\t To client ", buff); brero{buff, MAX); net Ui copy server message in the buffer while ((buffin+t] = getchar()) I= "\n') // and send that buffer to client write(connfd, buff, sizeof(buff)}; //if msg contains "Exit" then server exit and chat ended iF (stencmp("exit", buff, 4) == 0) { printf("Server Exit..\n"); break; 1/ river function Ignou Study Helper-Sunil Poonia Page 3 waww ignousite.com int main() ( int sockfd, conntd, len: struct sockaddr_in servaddr, cli [/ socket create and verification sockfd = socket(AF_INET. SOCK STREAM. 0}: if (sockfe == -1){ printf("socket creation falled..\n"); tO); , exit fen ft on EY else printfi"Socket successfully created. oi bzero(&servaddr, sizeof(servadar)); Jf assign IP, PORT servaddr.sin_family = AF_INET; servaddr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonI(INADDR_ANY); servaddr.sin_port = htons(PORT); {Binding newly created socket to given IP and verification if ((bind(sockfd, (SA*)&servaddr, sizeof{servadd))) = 0) { printf("socket bind falled...\n"); exit(O); else printf("Socket successfully binded..\n"); // Now setver is ready to listen and verification if ({isten(sockt, 5)) = 0) ¢ printf["Listen failed...\n"); exit(0}; t alse printf("Server istening.An");, len = sizeof{cl); // Necopt the data packet from client and varifeation connfd = accept|sockid, (SA*)&cti, Rien); if (connid <0) { printf("server accept failed...\n"); exit(0}; t else Zee Tout Stevens eS SUNIL POONIA Ignou Study Helper-Sunil Poonia Page 4 Heys Touoy Stuvy Here www ignousite.com Nam? SUMIL POONA printf("server accept the client...\n*); // Function for chatting between client and server fune{conntd); /{ After chatting close the socket closelsockfa): } sve _ (eh Sen ree Seats) Sees Gene ne ae eens caer Q2. Configure the DHCP server on the Linux operating system. Write all the steps involved in configuration. Sort each column of the table and show the result. ‘Ans. Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) is a communication protocol that computers use to automatically assign IP addresses to devices connected to a local network or over the internet. Prior to the invention of the DHCP protocol, adding any ew computer toa network required manual action to add its Mac address to an P address. Managing the network was complicated in case of a large number of hosts over 9 network. However, with the DHCP installed and configured on a local network, any computer that is accepted in the network automatically gets an IP address associated with its Mac address. A Domain Name Server (DNS) manages the generation of IP addresses, and a OHCP server automaticaly distributes the configuration among the hosts. DHCP Server Installation: Standard DHCP server implementation available in various Linuxdistributions is an Open source version maintained by ISC (Internet System Consortium). Use the appropriate Linux command below to install DHCP with your Linux distro’s package manager. To install DHCP on Ubuntu, Debian, and Linux Mint: $ sudo apt install isc-dhcp-server To install DHCP on CentOS, Fedora, AlmaLinux, and Red Hat: $ sudo dnf install dhep Basic DHCP Configuration: By default, DHCP server configuration does not include any subnets on which DHCP server should lease IP addresses. Therefore, depending on your Linux system you may get the following error message when you attempt to start DHCP with the default dhepd.conf configuration file, Ignou Study Helper-Sunil Poonia Page S Ef ete Too Stuvy HeLree ‘www.ignousite.com & =? SUNIL POOWIA Starting ISC DHCP server: dhepdcheck syslog tor diagnostics... failed! Examining log files such as /var/log/syslog reveals more details: No subnet declaration for eth0 (some IP address) Your server may be connected to multiple network subnets. To start DHCF server, at least one subnet must be defined within the DHCP configuration file /etc/dhep/dhepd.cont.. Below is the simplest example of DHCP configuration file: subnet 10.1.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 { range 10.1.1.3 10.1.1.254 } ‘subnet 192.168,0,0 netmask 255,255.0.0 { } Use nano ar your favor text editor to make this change below/ll the commented lines, ier pre eee Co ets eT mes , PremeCR Ue resent Se Fed Eke Sa Es tee eee Eee eke Sao This configuration file instructs DHCP server to listen for DHCP dlient requests on subnet 10.1.1.0 with netmask 255.255.2550 Furthermore, itil assign IP addresses in range 10.1.1.3~10.1.1.254. It also defines an empty definition for subnet with network ID 192.168.0.0. Alter the above code with your subnet and insert i into /ete/ahcp/dhepd.cont. When ready, restart your DHCP server with ( restart command may vary | $ sudo systemetl restart ise-dhep-server Ignou Study Helper-Sunil Poonia Page 6 fests Toney Stupy Hecpee www ignousite.com eS Sumit Poona DHCP default and max lease time: At this point we can add a few additional settings to our DHCP configuration, namely the default and max lease time expiry. ‘© default-lease-time is a value in seconds in which a leased IP address expiry will be set to if DHCP client does not ask for any other specific expiry lease time ‘+ may-lease-time is 2 value in seconds which defines a maximum expiry time for an IP address leased by DHCP server etal-heane-thane 600; max-lease-time 7200; subnet 10.110 netmask 255,255,255.0( range 10.1.1.3101.1.254) + subnet 192.168.0.0 netmask 255.255.0.0{ : Define DNS Server: Another configuration parameter possible to be set by DHCP server to its client isa definition of DNS server. Hf you want your clients to use DNS server with an IP address 8.8.8.8 (Google DNS server] and 10.4.1.1 you can do it by including, zn option domain-name-servers to DHCP's configuration file. default-lease-time 600; max-lease-time 7200; subnet 10,1.1.0 netmask 255.255.2550 { range 10.1.1.3 10.1.1.254; ‘ation domain-name-servers 10.1.1.1. 8.8.8.8: } subnet 192.168.0,0 netmask 255,255.0.0 { ) subnet 10.1.1.0 netmask 255.255,255.0[ range 10.1.1.3 10.1.1.254) option routers 10.1.1.1; } Set default gateway: DHCP also allows for a client’s gateway configuration. To set any client on the local network to use default gateway 10.1.1.1, add line option routers 10.1.1.1 into dhepd.conf file as demonstrated below: default-lease-time 600; max-lease-time 7200; subnet 10,1.1.0 netmask 255.255,255.0 { range 10.1.1. 10.1.1.254: Ignou Study Helper-Sunil Poonia Page 7 Tandy Stupy HELPER —_ www.ignousite.com ‘ SUNIL POONIA option domain-name-servers 10.1.1.1, 8.8.8.8 option routers 10.1.1.1; } subnet 192.168.0.0 netmask 255.255. } ‘subnet 10.1.1.0 netmask 255,255.255.0 { range 10.1.1.3 10.1.1.254 Ah option routers 10.1.1.1; Hy ) GNU nano 4.8 7etc/dhcp/dhepd. cont Poem e erat a.) Poet neh acid CeCe SRR e eee eet irc (eis Bei (Sees ee irr option domain-name-servers 19.1.1.1, 8.8.8.8; Crete cies OSes ey i Siete RRM ei ela kes + subnet 19.1,1.0 neta Pont circe (Sis met Castro Ce CRTs Ce aoe peastsy for met Replace Pec Tm ee acest DHCP will now set DHCP client with gateway 10.1.1.1, Host specific configuration: There may he a need to Set static IP address to’ particular host on the network such as printer, web server and ete In this ease itis pascihle to amenel DHCP server configuration to leace a chancen IP arideess ta a specific hast defined by its MAC address. default-lease-time 600; maxclease-time 7200; subnet 10,1.1.0 netmask 255.255,255.0{ Ignou Study Helper-Sunil Poonia Page 8 fees ys Toney Styny Hetpee nw ignousite.com Nam? SUMIL POONA range 10.1.1.3 10.1.1.254 option domain-name-servers 10.1.1.1, 8.8.8.8; option routers 10.1.1.1; } subnet 192.168.0.0 netmask 255.255.0.0 { ? host printer { hardware ethernet 00:16:03:b7:81:86; fixed-address 10.1.1.100; ) " Load host web server ens hardware ethernet 00:17:04:c2:44:22; fixed-address 10.1.1.200; } The above DHCP configuration file will permanently assign the IP address 10.1.1.100 to a host “printer” with a MAC address 00:16:43:b7:8f:86 and P address 10.1,1.200 to host “web-server” with MAC address 00:17:a4:c2:44:22. Q3. (a) Run the following Linux commands @n your machine and show the output: * df-h * psag. + ping + cat * tall-f Ans, dfsh To display information about disk drives in human-readable format (kilobytes, megabytes, gigabytes and so on), invoke the df command with the -h option: $ai-h est) FE eet Ignou Study Helper-Sunil Poonia Page 9 Ef ete Too Stuvy HeLree ‘www.ignousite.com & =f SUNIL POONIA pag The ps Lux command creates a snapshot of curentiy running processes. Unlike the oer commands on this list, ps presents the cutout as a static lst, not updated in real time. ‘The ps command uses the following syntax: ps options] output (eer ping PING (Packet Internet Groper] command is used to check the network connectivity between host and server/host. This command takes as input the IP address or the URL and sends a data packet to the specified adress with the message “PING and get a response from the server/host this time is recorded which is called latency. Fast ping low latency means Faster connection. Ping uses ICMP|internet Control Message Protocal) to send an ICMP echo message to the specified hostf that host is available (hen it sends ICMP ieply message. Pit nilisecord every modern operating Syatenn has this ping pre-installed Now let see the PING command Command: sudo ping -v is generally measured i Output: Peer Sore Surmetccmerace) Cat Cat{concatenate) command is very frequently used in Linux. Itreads data from the file and gives their content as output. It helps us to create, view, concatenate files, So let us see some frequently used cat commands. Command: $cat filename Output: e-will show content of given tiiename Tall f This option is mainly used by system administration to monitor the growth of the log files written by many Unix program as they are running, This option shows the last ten lines ofa file and will update when new lines are added. As new lines are written to the log, the console will update with the new lines. The prompt doesn’t return even after work is over so, we have to Ignou Study Helper-Sunil Poonia Page 10 “¢ ete Too Stony HELPEe www ignousite.com & =? SUNIL POONIA Use the lnterupt key to abort this command In general the appiatons wie error messages to og fs, You can use the fF option to check for the error messages as and when they appear in the log file. $ tail -f Output: load average: 0.17, 0.05, 0.01 Pe eg kB Tenaga a Tea werae lies Cee) A (b) Write and run commands in Linux for the following tasks: - Add new users Display the list of users whe belong to different groups - Display the list of users who are currently logged on, - List all the processes which are €urrently running in the systems. - List all file names that have a letter @ as Sth character in their name ‘Ans. Add new users: Steps to add new user on Linux: 1. Launch a terminal application, 2. Run adduser command with a username as argument, sudo adduser username 3, Enter password for current user if necessary. {sudo] password for user: 4, adduser will add the user along with other details Ignou Study Helper-Sunil Poonia Page 11 Heys Touoy Stuvy Here www ignousite.com Nam? SUMIL POONA Adding user ‘username’ ‘Adding new group ‘username’ (1001) ‘Adding new user ‘username’ (1002) with group ‘username Creating home directory ‘/nome/username' .. Copying files from ‘/ete/ske! 5. Enter desired password for the user followed by [ENTER] twice. New password: Retype new passwords passwd: password updated successfully 6. Enter some informational values (0 nal) or just press {ENTER] to keep blank and proceed. Changing the user information for username Enter the new value, or press ENTER for the default Full Name []: Room Number fl: Work Phone [}: Home Phone |] other fi: 7. Press ¥ and [ENTER] to confirm everything |s Correct for adduser to really create the user. Is the information correct? [Y/n] y Output: lusernane: Ceara} Seca Baca Seta sae Rie Display the list of users who belong to different groups: Use the grep command as follows: $ arep ‘grpup-name-here’ /ete/group $ grep ‘ftponly' /ete/group $ grep -i--color'tponly’ /etc/group ty ete Too Stuy HELPER www ignousite.com se =f SUNIL POONIA eee eer ro ae er NC eee ‘who command — Shows information about users who are currently longed on. who command works on all Unix like operating systems: who root pts/O 2023-03-12 15:10 (10.13.17) Pass the -a option to who command: fiwho-a outputs: fe ea yatem boot 2013 03 02 04:20 runlevel 3 2013-03-02 04:10 ONES Me OE SE SOTICEey ey LOGIN oy ey (a ron 2013-03-02 0 7961 SRC BERT AI) Soc Type the following ps command to display all running process: Hps-aux | less oR fi psaux | less Where, Ignou Study Helper-Sunil Poonia Page 13 “¢ ete Too Stony HELPEe www ignousite.com & =? SUNIL POOWIA = AzSelect all processes u: Select all processes on a terminal, including those of other users x :Select processes without controlling ttys roe D ‘COMMAND ery were sy an aes) oe) ee Mia Sy rey eens] 4 R ae] itergstcyL3| [reu_sched] ati ey Sti icyEs Secegstev esl cmc ee ts) ico iestietat Sacegstt eee enon Peers ewer] 5 een PICS| ie oy eeeegraie 3] lene tess Cra] eerste ts] Cer rt nt] ei) ieveiessed terete ya Cee eiat ie] fon ec iteraaae fi lan) ete oo vee sseECy| [ksoftirad/10} creer wre Ignou Study Helper-Sunil Poonia Page 14 fe “1 Toney Stupy HeLPee nw ignousite.com Nam? SUMIL POONA List all file names that have a letter e as Sth character in their name: In regex * is start symbol ,/ means starts with /.[e][5} means followed by 5 characters, \. means . where \is escape character \.cpp$ means ends with .cpp If file name contains numbers instead of [e]. So it will look like this: find . -regextype posix-erren -repex '*./IeHS)\.cop$* output: Ceara Peru es cory eo earth co Cod Ignou Study Helper-Sunil Poonia Page 15

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