Tribes in Andhra

Tribes in Andhra
Andhra Pradesh is the traditional home of nearly ---tribal Croups

The tribal population of Andhra Pradesh according to 2011 Census is 27.39 lakhs
which constitutes 5.53% of the total population of the State
on the basis of Geo-ethnic characteristics, the Tribal areas of Andhra Pradesh can be
divided into the following four geographical regions.
1. Koya-Konda Reddi region – Tribal areas West Godavari and East Godavari
districts - area along Godavari gorges.
2. Khond-Savara region - Tribal areas of Visakhapatnam, Vizianagaram and

Srikakulam districts.
3. Chenchu region - Tribal areas of Kurnool, Prakasam and Guntur districts
4. Plain areas - Areas of habitation of Yanadis, Yerkulas and Banjara
Savaras:
Savaras are one of the important and ancient tribal group living in Srikakulam and
Vizianagaram districts. "The Aitareya Brahmana of Rigveda makes the Savaras the
descendants of the sons of Vishwaamitra vrho were cursed to become impure by their
father for an act of disobedience.
Savaras are believed to be admixture of Mongolian and Dravidian stock.
Savras speak a dialect and this can be included in the Mundari linguistic family.
The village exogamy is the guiding principle for acquiring mates, The boys .and girls
of the same village are considered as brothers and sisters. The cross cousin marriages
are al so encouraged
Koyas and Konda Reddis:
The Koyas found along the Godavari River in East Godavari and West Godavari
districts. The mighty Godavari greatly influenced the socio-economic conditions of
Koyas and Konda Reddis.
Bhudevi panduga is an important festival celebrated by Koyas a in honour of earth
goddess in the month of May. Koyas perform fire walking ceremony
during ,Celebrations of hill deities
Konda Reddis:
Konda Reddy is another important tribe living in East Godavari, West Godavari
districts. Konda Reddis are Generally found inhabiting in the interior forest and hill
areas and they largely subsist shifting cultivation. Their mother tongue is Telegu only.
They resort to Marriage by Capture, Negotiations, Service and Elopement in acquiring
mates. They also practise polygynous and levirate type of marriages.
They do not eat first fruits or foodgrains unless they are ritually offered to their gods.
They eat Pork. On every festive or marriage occasion, Pork is the choicest diet to
konda Reddi.
Government of India recognised Konda Reddis as Primitive Tribal Group in 1980
Konda Doras are chiefly found in tribal areas of Srikakulam, Vizianagaram,
Visakhapatnam and East Godavari Districts.
They forgotten their Own dialect and adopted Telugu as their mother tongue
Marriage by capture, Marriage by negotiations, Marriage by love and elopement and
Marriage by Service
Chenchus:
The traditional habitat of Chenchus is found in contiguous forest tracts of Nallamalai
hills in the districts of Guntur, Prakasam, Kurnool. Much of the area of these
Nallamalai hills through which Krishna river flows is presently declared as Tiger
Project Area
The Chenchus of This area are more or less at food gathering stage of economy and
they largely subsist by hunting and collection of roots, tubers and honey. After
introduction of Tiger sanctuary in their habitat, the economic condition of Chenchus,
especially those living in the core area of the project, are deteriorating as they largely
subsist on flora and fauna of the forest
Yanadis:
The settlements of Yanadis are found on the river and canal banks as their main
source of livelihood is fishing.
Yanndis are broadly divided into four endogamous subgroups on the basis of
occupations and dietary habits.
 Reddi Yanadi (cultivators and Servants in the houses of Reddis) , (2)
 Adavi Yanadis (those live forests) ,
 Paki Yanadis ( scavengers) ,
 Challa Yanadis (collectors of loft-out food from leaf plates).

Paki Yanadis and Challa Yanadis are given very low social status in Yanadi tribes
Yerkulas:
The Yerkulas who are mainly pig rearers live in mixed villages maintaining symbiotic
relations with non-tribal groups.
Lambadas:
The settlements of Lmbadas are found in separate hamlets (tandas) nearer to hill areas
or pastures where they could rear their cattle.
 Once Lambadas were nomadic group but, in modern times, they are becoming
sedentary cultivators a1d rearing of cattle has become their secondary
occupation.
 Lambadas are distributed sparsely throughout the state except Srikakulam,

Vizianagaram, Visakhapatnam and East Godavari districts.
Distribution of STs in Andhra:

Name of the District Tribes Others
Srikakulam Savara, Jatapu, Gadaba,
Konda Dora
Vizianagaram Savara, Jatapu, Gadaba,
Konda Dora
Visakhapatnam Bagata, Gadaba, Kammara, The tribal groups of
Konda Dora, Kotia, Khond, Visakhapatnam
Mali, Manne Dora, Mukha perform enchanting
Dora, Reddi Dora, Porja, folk dance called
Valmiki, Goud, Kulia "Dimsa
East Godavari Koya, Konda Reddi,
Kammara, Konda Dora
West Godavari Roya, Konda Reddi,
Yerukula, Yanadi
PVTGs
In 1973, the Dhebar Commission created Primitive Tribal Groups (PTGs) as a
separate category, who are less developed among the tribal groups. In 2006, the
Government of India renamed the PTGs as Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups
(PVTGs).
Government of India follows the following criteria for identification of PVTGs.
1. Pre-agricultural level of technology
2. Low level of literacy
3. Economic backwardness
4. A declining or stagnant population.
Accordingly, 75 PTVGs have been identified in the country. Out of this 7 PVTG

groups are present in India with a population of 3559957. They are
Gadaba:
 38,081 in Andhra Pradesh as per the 2011 Indian census.
 Their socioeconomic life is based on farming and daily labour. They are
involved in both Slash-and-burn cultivation. They live in permanent villages.
They are well known for their tribal dance, the Dhemsa.
 Gadaba women traditionally wear neck rings which are about 500-700 grams
each and can not be removed without the help of a blacksmith. As a part of
their tradition, it is only removed after their death
Kondh
Porja:
 The Porja is a small hill tribe with a population of 16,479 mainly distributed
near hill slopes of Vishakapatnam district.
 Their tribal dance is quite unique. In the dance women intimate certain animal
movements and elements of nature, while men play the instruments and sing.
Savara
Konda Reddy
Chenchu
Kolam

Tribes in Andhra

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Tribes in Andhra

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Tribes in Andhra

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Tribes in Andhra

Andhra Pradesh is the traditional home of nearly ---tribal Croups

2. Khond-Savara region - Tribal areas of Visakhapatnam, Vizianagaram and

3. Chenchu region - Tribal areas of Kurnool, Prakasam and Guntur districts

4. Plain areas - Areas of habitation of Yanadis, Yerkulas and Banjara

 Adavi Yanadis (those live forests) ,

 Paki Yanadis ( scavengers) ,

 Challa Yanadis (collectors of loft-out food from leaf plates).

 Lambadas are distributed sparsely throughout the state except Srikakulam,

Distribution of STs in Andhra:

2. Low level of literacy

4. A declining or stagnant population.

Accordingly, 75 PTVGs have been identified in the country. Out of this 7 PVTG

You might also like

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.