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SMKPJ MathsT P3 2014 QA

Revision: Set 1
Section A [45 marks]
Answer all questions in this section.

1. The data below shows the weight of 25 men in kilograms.

54 47 60 72 57 48 65 42 37
34 43 42 63 65 70 71 88 81
74 66 61 70 57 41 44

(a) Draw a stem-and-leaf diagram for the data above. [2]

(b) Draw a box-and-whisker plot and comment on the data distribution. [3]

2. The events A and B are such that 𝑃 (𝐴) = 0.45, 𝑃(𝐵) = 0.35 and P(A∩ 𝐵) = 0.16. Find
(a) P(A∪ 𝐵) [2]
(b) P(B’/𝐴′) [3]

If event C is defined such that C and A are independent and P (A∩ 𝐶) = 0.2, find 𝑃(𝐴 ∪ 𝐶 ).

[3]

3. In a large college 58% of students are female and 42% are male. A random sample of
100students is chosen from the college. Using a suitable approximation find the probability
that more than half the sample are female. [5]

4. The heights to the nearest cm of 60 students are summarised in the table below.
Height in cm 150-154 155-159 160-164 165-169 170-174 175-179 180-184 185-189
No. Of students 7 4 5 18 12 7 5 2

(a) Calculate the mean, median, mode and standard deviation. [8]
(b) By calculating Pearson’s coefficient of skewness, state the type of distribution for the
above data. [2]

5. (i) The continuous random variable X is uniformly distributed over the interval [-1, 3]. Find
(a) 𝐸(𝑋) [1]
(b) 𝑉𝑎𝑟(𝑋) [2]

(ii) A discrete random variable has a Binomial distribution 𝐵(30, 𝑝). A single observation is
used to test 𝐻0 : 𝑝 = 0.3 against 𝐻1 : 𝑝 ≠ 0.3.
(a) Use a 1% level of significance to find the rejection region of this test. [5]
(b) The value of the observation was found to be 15. Comment on this finding. [1]

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6. A salesman meets 6 potential buyers daily and records the number of sales made for a period
of 100 days as shown in the table below.

Number of sales 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Number of days 12 19 38 16 10 3 2

(a) Find all the expected frequencies of the number of sales which have a binomial
distribution with the same mean and same number of days. [4]
(b) Determine, at the 5% level of significance, whether the observed data fits the binomial
distribution. [4]

Section B [15 marks]

Answer only ONE question in this section

7. A random variable X has probability density function given by

1
0≤x≤1
2
f(x) = 1
x− 1≤x≤k
2
{ 0 otherwise

where k is a positive constant.

(a) Sketch the graph of f(x). [2]

1
(b) Show that 𝑘 = (1 + √5) [3]
2
(c) Define fully the cumulative distribution function F(x) [6]
(d) Find 𝑃 (0.5 < 𝑋 < 1.5). [2]
(e) Describe the skewness of the distribution of X. Give a reason for your answer. [2]

8. In a certain game, there is only the possibility of winning or losing for every trial.
(a) If the probability of winning is 0.3, find
(i) the probability of winning at least 3 times after 10 trials
(ii) the value of n, if the probability of winning less than n times is 0.8497 after 10
trials. [5]
(b) If the probability of winning is 0.03, by using the Poisson approximation, find the
probability of winning at most 3 times after 100 trials. [4]
(c) If the probability of winning is 0.4, by using a suitable approximation, find the probability
of winning between 40 and 50 times after 100 trials. [6]

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SMKPJ MathsT P3 2014 QA

MARKING SCHEME
1 (a) Stem Leaf

3 4 7 D1: All correct

4 1 2 2 3 4 7 8
5 4 7 7
6 0 1 3 5 5 6 D1: Correct Key
7 0 0 1 2 4
8 1 8
Key: 6|0 means 60 (2)
(b) Median = 60
𝑄1 = 44, 𝑄3 = 70 D1: Correct
IQR = 26 diagram & to
scale
D1: Labelled
34 𝑄1 𝑄2 𝑄3 88 correctly
A1: Correct
Data is skewed to the left/negatively skewed. No outliers comment
(any one) (3)

2 (a) M1: Correct values

P(A∪ 𝐵) = 𝑃(𝐴) + 𝑃 (𝐵) − 𝑃(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵) Substituted
= 0.45 +0.35 – 0.16 = 0.64 A1: Correct answer (2)
(b) 𝑃(𝐵′ ∩𝐴′ ) M1: De Morgan’s Law
P(B’/𝐴′) = 𝑃(𝐴′ ) M1: Substitute correct
𝑃(𝐴∪𝐵)′
= values
1−𝑃(𝐴)
0.36 A1: Correct answer (3)
= 0.55
= 0.655

C and A are independent implies P (A∩ 𝐶) = 𝑃 (𝐴) × 𝑃(𝐶) M1: Correct implication
0.2
∴ 𝑃 (𝐶 ) = = 0.444 A1: Correct value for P(C)
0.45 A1: CAO (3)
0.2
𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑃 (𝐴 ∪ 𝐶 ) = 0.45 + 0.45 − 0.2 = 0.694

3 𝑋~𝐵(100,0.58) B1
𝑌~𝑁(58, 24.36) B1
[𝑃(𝑋 > 50) = 𝑃(𝑋 ≥ 51)] M1: Using
50.5−58
= 𝑃 (𝑧 ≥ ±( )) 50.5/51.5/49.5/48.5
√24.36
= P (z ≥ -1.52...) A1
= 0.9357 A1
(5)

4(a) 10095 M!: ‘10095’

Mean, 𝑥̅ = 60
= 168.25
A1: CAO
∑𝑓
− 𝐹𝐵
Median = 𝐿𝐵 + ( 2
𝑓𝑚
)×𝑐 M1: Correct substitution
of 3 values
A1: CAO
30 −16
= 164.5 + ( 18
) × 5 = 168.39

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∆1
Mode = 𝐿𝐵 + (∆ )×𝑐
1 +∆2 M1: Correct substitution
13
of 3 values
= 164.5 + (13+6) × 5 = 167.92 A1: CAO

∑ 𝑓𝑥𝑖2 (∑ 𝑓𝑥 2
Standard deviation, s =√[ ∑𝑓
−( ∑𝑓
) ] M1: Correct substitution
1703415 (10095)2 of 3 values
=√ 60
− 3600
= 9.066 A1: CAO
(8)
(b) 168.25−167.92 A1: CAO
𝑆𝑘 = 9.14
= 0.0361
The distribution is positively skewed/skewed to the right A1: CAO (2)

5 (i)
−1+3
(a) 𝐸(𝑋) = =1 A1
2

(1)
(b) [3 − (−1)]2 4
𝑉𝑎𝑟(𝑋) = = M1A1
12 3

(2)
(ii) Assuming 𝐻0 is true then 𝑋~𝐵(30,0.3) 𝑋~𝑁(9,6.3) B1
(a) Two tailed test, let 𝑐1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑐2 be the two critical values
Then 𝑃(𝑋 ≤ 𝑐1 ) ≤ 0.005 and 𝑃 (𝑋 ≥ 𝑐2 ) ≤ 0.005

𝑐1 − 9 𝑐2−9 M1
𝑃 (𝑍 ≤ ) ≤ 0.005 and 𝑃 (𝑍 ≥ ) ≤ 0.005
√6.3 √6.3
𝑐2−9 𝑐 9 M1 M1
≥ 2.576 1 − ≤ −2.576
√6.3 √6.3

A1
𝑐2 ≤ 15.446 OR 𝑐1 ≤ 2.536
(5)
(b) 15 lies within non-critical region... 𝐻0 accepted B1

(1)

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6
(a) Number 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 Total
of sales
(x) M1
Number 12 19 38 16 10 3 2 100
of days
(f)
xf 0 19 76 48 40 15 12 210 A1

X 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
P(X=x) 0.07541 0.24366 0.232801 0.23550 0.09510 0.02048 0.00184
Expected frequency 7.541 24.366 23.801 23.550 9.510 2.048 0.184
100.P(X=𝑥𝑖 ) M1: 3 correct
∑ 𝑥𝑓 210
(a) 𝑥 = ∑𝑓
= = 2.1 Combined A1 : All correct
100

2.1
Probability of making a sale, 𝑝 = 6 = 0.35
If X is the random variable representing the number
of sales, 𝑋~𝐵(6,0.35)

6
𝑃 (𝑋 = 𝑥𝑖 ) = ( ) (0.35)𝑟 (0.65)6−𝑟 where r = 0, ...6
𝑟 (4)

(b) 𝐻0 : The number of sales has a binomial distribution B1

𝐻1 : The number of sales does not have a binomial
distribution

Level of significance: 5%

𝑥𝑖 𝑂𝑖 𝐸𝑖 (𝑂𝑖 − 𝐸𝑖 )2
𝐸𝑖
0 12 7.541 2.637 M1 : 3 correct
1 19 24.366 1.817 Sets
2 38 32.801 0.824 M1 : All correct
3 16 23.550 2.421 and 𝑋 2
≥4 15 11.742 0.904 value
Total 100 100 𝑋 2 =8.603
v=5 - 1 = 4
2
Critical region; 𝑋0.05 = 9.488
Conclusion: Since 𝑋 2 =8.603is less than the critical value,
A1 : Correct
𝐻0 is accepted. The number of sales has a binomial distribution
Conclusion

(4)

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7 (a)
f(x)
[3k-−0.5
(−1)] D1: Shape
0.5 D1: Labels
x
0 1 k (2)
(b)
𝑘
1 1
∫ (𝑥 − ) 𝑑𝑥 = M1
2 2
1

1 1 𝑘 1
[ 𝑥 2 − 𝑥] =
2 2 1 2

𝑘2 − 𝑘 − 1 = 0
1 M1A1
𝑘 = (1 + √5 ) (3)
2
(c)
0, 𝑥<0 B1
1 M1A1A1(for working)
𝑥, 0≤𝑥<1
𝐹 (𝑥) = 2 B1
1 2 1 1
𝑥 — 𝑥+ 1≤𝑥≤𝑘
2 2 2 B1(1st and last)
{ 1, 𝑥>𝑘 (6)
(d) 𝑃 (0.5 < 𝑋 < 1.5) = 𝐹 (1.5) − 𝐹 (0.5)
= 0.875 – 0.25 M1
= 0.625 A1 (2)
(e)
Negative skew/skewed to the left. B1
Median(x = 1) < mode (x = k = 1.62) B1 (2)

8 𝑋~𝐵(10,0.3) B1
(a)(i) 𝑃 (𝑋 ≥ 3) = 0.6172 A1
(ii) 𝑃 (𝑋 < 𝑛) = 0.8497
1 − 𝑃 (𝑋 ≥ 𝑛) = 0.8497 M1
𝑃 (𝑋 ≥ 𝑛) = 0.1503 M1
𝑛=5 A1 (5)
(b) 𝑋~𝐵(100,0.03) 𝑋~𝑃0 (3) B1
𝑃 (𝑋 ≤ 3) = 1 − 𝑃 (𝑋 ≥ 4) M1
= 1 − 0.3528 Mi
= 0.6472 A1: CAO (4)
(c) 𝑋~𝐵 100,0.04)
( 𝑋~𝑁(40,24) B1 B1
𝑃 (40 < 𝑋 < 50) = 𝑃 (41 ≤ 𝑋 ≤ 49)
𝑃(40.5 < 𝑋 < 49.5) M1
40.5−40 49.5−40
= 𝑃( <𝑍< ) M1
√24 √24
= 𝑃(0.102 < 𝑍 < 1.939)
= 0.4522 – 0.0262 A1
= 0.426 A1
(6)

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