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Grammar Chart

The document discusses the difference between adjectives ending in -ED and -ING in English. Adjectives ending in -ED describe a feeling or emotion, such as being bored or interested. They are used with the verb "to be" to describe a temporary state. Adjectives ending in -ING describe a characteristic of a person, thing, or situation, such as a movie being boring or a situation being disturbing. They can be used to describe permanent characteristics when used with the verb "to be". Examples are provided to illustrate the differences.

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87 views6 pages

Grammar Chart

The document discusses the difference between adjectives ending in -ED and -ING in English. Adjectives ending in -ED describe a feeling or emotion, such as being bored or interested. They are used with the verb "to be" to describe a temporary state. Adjectives ending in -ING describe a characteristic of a person, thing, or situation, such as a movie being boring or a situation being disturbing. They can be used to describe permanent characteristics when used with the verb "to be". Examples are provided to illustrate the differences.

Uploaded by

maria cevallos
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Adjectives ending in ED and ING

English Grammar Notes


There are many adjectives that we have in English that end in -ED or -ING.
Yes, that's correct, they are not only endings that we use for verbs!

An adjective that ends in -ING is used to describe: the characteristic of a person, a thing or
a situation.

An adjective that ends in -ED is used to describe: a feeling (or how a person feels) or
an emotion. It is used to describe a temporary thing. Since only people (and some animals)
have feelings, -ed adjectives cannot be used to describe an object or situation.

Compare the difference:

• My girlfriend is bored. - (My girlfriend feels bored)


• My girlfriend is boring. - (My girlfriend is a boring person)

You can use these adjectives to describe people or situations but be careful that you are
using the correct adjective. For example, there is a big difference in meaning between:

• I am confused. - (I don't understand something)


• I am confusing. - (I will cause you to be confused)

Note that the sentences below are to highlight the difference between the two types of
adjectives. They are NOT common to do or say because they sound repetitive.

• I was shocked by how shocking the accident was last night.


• They were frightened by the frightening roller-coaster ride!
• I am annoyed by how annoying that person in front of us is.
• Sally was confused by the confusing street signs in the city.

Example sentences of adjectives ending in -ED and -


ING

• This grammar lesson is boring. I am bored reading all about these grammar rules.
• I am tired right now. My flight was tiring (because it was a twelve-hour flight).
• Public toilets are usually disgusting. I am disgusted by the smell in some of them.
• Your speech was very inspiring. I am now inspired to do wonderful things with my
life.

List of Adjectives ending in -ED and -ING


There is quite a long list of adjectives ending in -ED and -ING in English, and most of them
are based on a verb that can be changed into an adjective by adding either -ED or -ING.

Some of the more common ones include:

• Alarmed - Alarming
• Aggravated - Aggravating
• Amused - Amusing
• Annoyed - Annoying
• Astonished - Astonishing
• Astounded - Astounding
• Bored - Boring
• Captivated - Captivating
• Challenged - Challenging
• Charmed - Charming
• Comforted - Comforting
• Confused - Confusing
• Convinced - Convincing
• Depressed - Depressing
• Disappointed - Disappointing
• Discouraged - Discouraging
• Disgusted - Disgusting
• Distressed - Distressing
• Disturbed - Disturbing
• Embarrassed - Embarrassing
• Encouraged - Encouraging
• Entertained - Entertaining
• Excited - Exciting
• Exhausted - Exhausting
• Fascinated - Fascinating
• Frightened - Frightening
• Frustrated - Frustrating
• Fulfilled - Fulfilling
• Gratified - Gratifying
• Inspired - Inspiring
• Insulted - Insulting
• Interested - Interesting
• Moved - Moving
• Overwhelmed - Overwhelming
• Perplexed - Perplexing
• Pleased - Pleasing
• Relaxed - Relaxing
• Relieved - Relieving
• Satisfied - Satisfying
• Shocked - Shocking
• Sickened - Sickening
• Soothed - Soothing
• Surprised - Surprising
• Tempted - Tempting
• Terrified - Terrifying
• Threatened - Threatening
• Thrilled - Thrilling
• Tired - Tiring
• Touched - Touching
• Troubled - Troubling
• Unsettled - Unsettling
• Worried - Worrying
Adjetivos ED y ING
Diferencia entre los adjetivos ED y ING / Adjectives ending in ED and ING

• Ejercicios ED – ING en adjetivos


En esta lección vas a aprender la diferencia entre los adjetivos que
terminan en ED y los que terminan en ING. Recuerda que no todos
los adjetivos terminan con alguna de estas dos formas, piensa en los
adjetivos: “happy” (Feliz), “delicious” (delicioso), “tall” (alto).

Entonces, cuando hablamos de este tema no nos referimos a todos


los adjetivos sino a unos en particular. En realidad, la diferencia es
bastante simple.

ED
Los adjetivos que terminan en ED describen un “sentimiento”
(feeling) o una “emoción”. Observa los siguientes ejemplos:

o I am bored I want to go home. (Estoy aburrido o aburrida,


me quiero ir a casa)
o My mom is interested in architecture. (Mi madre está
interesada en la arquitectura)

En ambas oraciones el adjetivo (bored y interested) está dando


cuenta de un sentimiento: “sentirse aburrido” en la primera oración
y “sentirse interesado en algo” en la segunda. Casi siempre estos
adjetivos al ser traducidos al español tienen terminaciones “ida”
“ido” “ado” “ada”, por ejemplo: interesado, interesada, aburrido o
aburrida.

ING
Los adjetivos que terminan en ING describen una característica de
una situación, una cosa o incluso una persona (pero sin tener en
cuenta los sentimientos). Veamos unos ejemplos para entender
mejor:

o This movie is really boring. (Esta película es muy aburrida)


o That situation was disturbing for the community. (Esa
situación fue perturbadora para la comunidad)

En ambas oraciones estamos hablando de una característica de un


sustantivo. En la primera oración el adjetivo “boring” (aburrido)
describe una característica del sustantivo “movie” (película); en la
segunda oración “disturbing” (perturbador) describe el sustantivo
“situation” (situación); por lo anterior, los adjetivos de las anteriores
oraciones deben terminar con ING.

ED vs. ING para personas


Cuando describimos personas podemos usar adjetivos terminados
con ING o con ED, PERO su significado es distinto. Ejemplos:

1. She is bored because she doesn’t like math. (Ella está


aburrida porque no le gustan las matemáticas)
2. She is boring because she is so reserved. (Ella es aburrida
porque es muy reservada)

En la primera oración el adjetivo “bored” describe una emoción


que ella está sintiendo en el momento (está aburrida). Cuando el
adjetivo termina en ED, casi siempre debemos pensar en el verbo
ESTAR (estar molesto, estar interesado, etc.)

En la segunda oración el adjetivo “boring” describe una


característica o rasgo de la personalidad (es una persona
aburrida). Cuando el adjetivo termina en ING, casi siempre
debemos pensar en el verbo SER (ser molesto, ser interesado, etc.)

Otros ejemplos:

o He is fascinated (Él está fascinado)


He is fascinating (Él es fascinante)
o They are annoyed (Ellos están molestos)
They are annoying (Ellos son molestos)

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