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Unit 10: Brain Drain Review / 2BAC: Reading Comprehension

Brain drain refers to the emigration of skilled professionals and talented individuals from one country to another for better opportunities. It originated in the 1960s when many British scientists moved to the United States. Brain drain negatively impacts countries that lose human capital as it is difficult to compensate for the loss of skilled people. While it negatively affects the economies and development of emerging countries, brain drain can positively impact host countries by contributing to their economic growth and advancement through the skills and talents of immigrant professionals. It is the responsibility of both governments and individuals to try and reduce brain drain.

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Imad Amin
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153 views

Unit 10: Brain Drain Review / 2BAC: Reading Comprehension

Brain drain refers to the emigration of skilled professionals and talented individuals from one country to another for better opportunities. It originated in the 1960s when many British scientists moved to the United States. Brain drain negatively impacts countries that lose human capital as it is difficult to compensate for the loss of skilled people. While it negatively affects the economies and development of emerging countries, brain drain can positively impact host countries by contributing to their economic growth and advancement through the skills and talents of immigrant professionals. It is the responsibility of both governments and individuals to try and reduce brain drain.

Uploaded by

Imad Amin
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Unit 10 : Brain Drain Review / 2BAC

Reading Comprehension

Brain drain is the departure of educated or talented persons for better pay or jobs elsewhere. The
term originated around 1960 when many British scientists and intellectuals immigrated to the
United States for a better working climate.

Economically speaking, brain drain means an emigration of trained and talented individuals
(“human capital”) to other nations because of conflicts and lack of opportunity. It parallels the
term “capital flight” which refers to financial capital that is no longer invested in the country where
its owner lived and earned it.

When a highly qualified professional chooses to leave his own country for another, he does so for
one or several legitimate political or economic reasons: peace and security for himself and his
family, job satisfaction, better pay and conditions, a higher standard of living, etc. Throughout
history, countries and centres of academic excellence which offer these attractions have received
the largest numbers of professional migrants and these have, in turn, made substantial
contributions, not only to the economic growth of their host countries but also to the scientific and
technological advancement of humanity. The loss of such big number of skilled immigrants results
in huge losses that are very difficult to compensate for even in long years to come. The brain drain
is actually affecting the economies and social structures of a country, especially the emerging
countries that have to do everything they can to stop this phenomenon.

It is the responsibility of both governments and individuals to try harder to stop the flow of highly
skilled people from their own countries resulting in a brain drain that affects each and every
society.

A- Are these statements true or false? Justify your answer.

1- Every graduate can leave his/her country

2 – Human capital and financial capital are equal

3 – Brain drainers affect negatively their sending countries and positively their host countries.

B- Answer these questions from the text

1 – What are the causes of Brain drain mentioned in the text?…………………………


2 – How do professional migrants affect their host countries?……………….

3 – In your opinion, how can we stop brain drain?…………….

C- Find in the text words meaning the same as:

1.Began:…………………………

2.Beginning to develop: …………………………….

D- What do the underlined words in the text refer to?

1.It: (parag 2) …………………………………

2.These: (parag 3) ………………………………………

E- In short, what is meant by brain drain?

………………………………………………

F- There are two types of causes of brain drain:

1. .………………………: the negative factors in the home country that push skilled and educated people
to leave their country.

2. .……………………: the positive factors that attract skilled and educated people to another country.

G- Fill in the following chart with the appropriate causes of brain Drain, write only
numbers.

1. Low wages and salaries 2. Better working conditions 3. Lack of satisfactory working conditions.
5.Social unrest, political conflicts and wars. 6. Higher wages and income 7. Declining quality of
educational system 8.Lack of research and other facilities including support staff 9. Sustainable
funds for research, advanced technology and modern facilities 10. Discrimination in appointments
and promotions 11. Unsatisfactory living conditions 12. Political stability 13. Intellectual freedom

Push factors: …………………………………………………

Pull Factors: …………………………………………………..


H. What are the negative and positive effects of brain drain?

Positive effects ………………………………………

Negative effects ……………………………………

LANGUAGE
A. Complete the following sentences with appropriate relative pronouns

1.That man ……………. name I forgot is an artist.

2.Have you employed the man………………..I recommended to you last week.

3.The teacher asked me a question……………. was taken from a storybook.

4.Bob bought the car from a man……………… was the owner of the gallery.

C. Combine the sentences using RELATIVE PRONOUNS.

1.The book was very interesting. I borrowed it from the library yesterday.

………………………………………………………………………………………….

2.The girls are my classmates. We saw them at the cinema.

………………..………………………………………………………………………..

3.Alex took the gun out of his pocket. He saw the robbers running down the street.

………………..………………………………………………………………………..

4.The flowers are still fresh. I picked them up this morning.

…………………………………………………………………………………..

5.This is Mrs Green. Her daughter got married to a drummer.

…………………………………………………………………………………..

D. Join these sentences using suitable RELATIVE PRONOUNS .

1. We have a neighbour. His dog barks a lot.


………………………………………………………………………………

2. I don‘t know most of the people. You invited them to the party.

………………………………………………………………………………

3. My cousin is a journalist. Her job is interesting.

………………………………………………………………………………

4. That‘s the parcel. It came in the mail.

………………………………………………………………………………

5. Do you know the man? I asked him the address.

………………………………………………………………………………

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