9 English

Quarter 3 - Module 3
Determining the Relevance
and Truthfulness of the Ideas
Presented in a Material Read
English – Grade 9
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 3 – Module 3: Determining the Relevance and Truthfulness of the Ideas
Presented in a Material Read
First Edition, 2021

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the
Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office
wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such
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Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their
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over them.

Published by the Department of Education- Region III

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writer/Illustrator/Layout Artist/Editor:
Karen P. Lagos
Marnick S. Gutierrez
Candy Gumafelix
Maria C. Alvarez
Jeffrey M. Espino
Content Evaluator : Rushjet R. Peňaranda
Language Evaluator : Winston DR. Santos
Layout Evaluator : Winston DR. Santos
Management Team : Gregorio C. Quinto, Jr.
Rainelda M. Blanco
Agnes R. Bernardo
Jay Arr V. Sangoyo
Glenda S. Constantino
Joannarie C. Garcia

Printed in the Philippines by

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Office Address: Curriculum Implementation Division

Learning Resource Management and Development System (LRMDS)
Capitol Compound, Guinhawa St., City of Malolos, Bulacan
E-mail address: lrmdsbulacan@deped.gov.ph
 9

English
Quarter 3 - Module 3
Determining the Relevance
and Truthfulness of the Ideas
Presented in a Material Read
Introductory Message

This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, dear learners, can
continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions, directions,
exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to understand each lesson.

Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by-step
as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.

Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each SLM.
This will tell you if you need to proceed on completing this module or if you need to
ask your facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for better understanding of the
lesson. At the end of each module, you need to answer the post-test to self-check
your learning. Answer keys are provided for each activity and test. We trust that
you will be honest in using these.

In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teachers are also provided
to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they can best
help you on your home-based learning.

Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part of
this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercise and tests. Read
the instructions carefully before performing each task.

If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering the tasks
in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.

Thank you.
 What I Need to Know

This module aims to encourage you to be familiar on how to determine the

relevance and truthfulness in a material read. Different activities are provided for
you to meet the target skills.
At the end of this module, you are expected to:
• identify the characteristics of ideas that shows relevance and truthfulness;
• extract information from a material read;
• determine the relevance and truthfulness of the ideas presented in the
material read.

What I Know

Directions: Put a check mark (✔) if the second sentence has relevance to the first sentence.
Otherwise, put a cross (✘) if it is not. Write your answer on a separate sheet of
paper.

_________1. One can get infected with Covid-19 for not following the protocols. Because of
this, everyone is wearing face mask and practicing social distancing.
_________2. A news about your dead loved ones is posted on Facebook. Suddenly, you
received a call that she was just confined in the hospital.
_________3. Exercise is good for our health, so I play badminton.
_________4. This year, our organization will launch a clean and green project. Anthony, my
co-leader, created a poster about conserving our natural resources.
_________5. A beggar was praised for surrendering Php 500.000 to its owner. Now, he was
given a shelter where he can live in.
_________6. Living in your own hometown would make you reminisced your memories, like
playing piko, patintero, and other Filipino games.
_________7. Tina saw a wounded man and his blood is all over his body. Immediately, she
called an ambulance and took him to the hospital.
_________8. You saw a post about climate change. It contains illustrations that show, reduce,
reuse and recycle.
_________9. When the students heard the Philippine National Anthem, they stopped, put their
right hand over their chest and sing the “Lupang Hinirang”.
_________10. I want a new laptop for my online learning. I decided to buy mouse for online
gaming.

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Directions: Write Agree if the statement expresses facts and Disagree if it does not.

_________11. Cyber-bullying is punishable by law.

_________12. Gasoline is a good disinfectant to stop the spreading of COVID-19.
_________13. Typhoon Ramon has a possibility to become super typhoon.
_________14. Washing your hands with soap and water while singing a song for 2 minutes if
found effective in killing bacteria for viruses.
_________15. Antibody test is now available. No amount is needed for the test.

What’s In

In the previous lesson, we learned about biases and prejudices. Let us find out how
do you differentiate biases from prejudices. Put a check mark (✔) if the statement is associated
to biases and cross mark (✘) if it is associated to prejudices.

1. Men are skillful and can manage to work beyond time and pressure.
2. My friend was punished for cyber-bullying.
3. Shane always felt detached whenever her friends would talk about their achievements.
4. Leo was vaccinated for he came from a well to do family.
5. People are likely to buy local products than imported ones based on their views.

What’s New

Read the given text. Then, answer the questions that follow .

LETTER TO THE EDITOR

Don’t be victimized by fake news

Philippine Daily Inquirer / 05:01 AM April 23, 2020

I am appalled by the amount of fake news available online. Across all social media sites, this
insurmountable problem has devoured many users’ acumen, as they effectively ignore reports
from legitimate news organizations.

Fake news encompasses a wide spectrum, from alleged COVID-19 treatments to sham
statements pronounced by politicians.

In the early days of the enhanced community quarantine, my brother and I came across a
video on YouTube where rum was mixed with bleach and water in lieu of disinfectant alcohols

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that were wiped out of grocery shelves. Meanwhile, some relatives shared a video on our
group chat where a reporter detailed how bananas are supposedly a cure for the deadly
disease.

Nowadays, edited photos of opposition politicians saying outrageous things to make them look
bad, stupid, and ignorant flood my newsfeed. There are also quotes from fictitious and
deceased personalities apparently praising the President’s leadership, disseminated online to
mock his critics. Fake news has caused me, and I assume many others, a lot of stress and
pain. The thought that many people are being lured by these falsehoods, especially at a time
when we desperately need credible information, is just nerve-wracking.

Its spread can be as deadly as the virus because it feeds the average person misinformation
that may cause him/her danger and harm. It will take a lot of time before that person is
convinced that the consumed information is phony. Maybe a lot of us are thinking of
deactivating our social media accounts just to run away from the toxicity of the internet. But
isn’t it unfair to the rest of the Filipinos that we take no action to prevent the dissemination of
fake news?

We should instead be active fact-checkers, report social media accounts and pages that
spread fake news, report false news to local authorities, and encourage others to like and
follow recognized news organizations.

Let’s not be victims of fake news.

EDUELLE JAN T. MACABABBAD

Taytay, Rizal

Source: https://opinion.inquirer.net/129140/dont-be-victimized-by-fake-news

1. What is the article all about?

2. According to the letter sender, what are the negative effects of fake news to people?
3. Why do other people spread fake news and misinformation?
4. As a student, how can you help stop the spread of fake news?

What is It

Determining the Relevance and Truthfulness of the Ideas

Presented in a Material Viewed

If we will fight for something, we must fight for it with truth and never with lies. As a
responsible citizen of our country, we should know how to determine the relevance and
truthfulness of the ideas presented in a material viewed through different print materials and
on online platforms to get accurate, meaningful, and reliable data or information.
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What is RELEVANCE and TRUTHFULNESS?
Relevance is defined as "bearing upon, connected with, pertaining to, the matter in
hand" (Shorter Oxford Dictionary), a definition that seems to relate both to the selection of
information to be presented and the logical organization of that information. Both these
characteristics of writing involve the expectations of the reader. It is suggested that the reader
forms expectations of 'relevant' information based on the essay title or essay topics. The
logical organization of the topics can be based both in the essay title and within the essay
itself.
Where information units do not fit with the expected sequence, or where the writer
appears to digress from the central argument, then the reader may question the 'relevance'
of that unit.

Example:
Nowadays, edited photos of opposition politicians saying outrageous things to make
them look bad, stupid, and ignorant flood my newsfeed. Say for instance, netizen posted in
her social account that the number of reported cases is inaccurate. Because of this, many
people are hesitant to get vaccinated. People used to believe that the photos they have seen
online are factual. There are also quotes from fictitious and deceased personalities apparently
praising the President’s leadership, disseminated online to mock his critics. Fake news has
caused me, and I assume many others, a lot of stress and pain. The thought that many people
are being lured by these falsehoods, especially at a time when we desperately need credible
information, is just nerve-wracking.

The italicized statement is irrelevant to the topic presented because it does have to do
with the news or article.

While the underlined statement is relevant to the news on how people have been
victimized by fake news.

Remember:
. To ensure the relevance of ideas, you must analyze if it is connected or
appropriate to the given topic. Always check for consistency, coherence, and unity of
ideas for it unveils relevance and truthfulness of the material.

On the other hand, truthfulness is the state of being realistic or true to life. It is about
accepting, understanding, and presenting any truth. Being one of the vital life skills,
truthfulness holds the highest value in making our society fair.

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 Furthermore, a source is said to be truthful if it supplies the information it needs to
possess. In contrast, there are various forms of lack of truthfulness. A source may declare the
contrary of what it knows, or just say less, or say something different, even if it is consistent
with its knowledge. Lack of truthfulness in statements or sentences may lead to biases. Note
that if the reader receiving information does not know that the source lies, the difference
between irrelevance and lack of truthfulness of a source becomes less significant from this
reader's standpoint.

To determine the truthfulness, you must analyze if it comes from a reliable source,
proven through a research of experts from the field, and if it discusses facts. Check if there
are grammatical errors, and questionable statements (i.e., fabricated content, manipulated
content, imposter content, false context, misleading content, false connection, and satire or
parody).

1. Fabricated content refers to 100% false information can be deceiving and can do harm.
2. Manipulated content means that the genuine information or imagery is manipulated.
3. Imposter content refers to the genuine information that are impersonated.
4. False Context is present when genuine content is shared with false contextual
information.
5. Misleading Content uses information to frame an issue or individual that aims to misled
readers.
6. False Connection is present when headlines, visuals or captions don’t support the
content.
7. Satire or Parody means that the information doesn’t have intention to cause harm but has
potential to fool.

The universe of “fake news” is much larger than simply false news stories. Some
stories may have a nugget of truth but lack any supporting evidence or details. They may
not include any verifiable facts or sources. Some stories may include basic verifiable facts
but are written using deliberately provocative language, leaves out pertinent details or only
presents one viewpoint. "Fake news" exists within a larger of scope of mis- and
disinformation.

Misinformation is false or inaccurate information that is mistakenly or inadvertently

created or spread; the intent is not to deceive. Disinformation is false information that is
deliberately created and spread "to influence public opinion or obscure the truth".
(https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/disinformation).

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 As a responsible digital citizen, it is also important to determine the relevance and
truthfulness of a material viewed/read on the internet to stop the spread of fake news and
information. Fake news has a wide reach through the internet and most people fall for such
news because they are conveyed so it seems factual. Students are most vulnerable to fake
news or viral posts because of their little knowledge of the factual data and hence, they
easily get influenced by fake news sources.

To fight the spread of fake news, the International Federation of Library Associations
and Institutions released guidelines on how to spot fake news.

CONSIDER THE SOURCE

Investigate the site, analyze the information, and look if it comes from
credible source.

READ BEYOND
What’s the whole story? Consider the details.

CHECK THE AUTHOR

Do a quick search on the author. Are they credible? Are they real?

SUPPORTING SOURCES?
Determine if the information given supports the story and how relevant
it is in the story.

CHECK THE DATE

Reposting old news stories doesn’t mean they’re relevant to current
events.

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 IS IT A JOKE?
It is too outlandish; it might be satire. Research the site and author to
be sure.

CHECK YOUR BIASES

Consider if your own beliefs could affect your judgment.

ASK THE EXPERTS

Ask a librarian or consult a fact-checking site.

What’s More

Independent Activity 1

Directions: Analyze the given statement. Put check mark (✔) if the statement is true and
(✘) if the statement is false. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.
________1. Relevance is the same as truthfulness.
________2. A material is valid if it came from credible source.
________3. Material viewed/read can be impersonated.
________4. To determine the truthfulness, you must also analyze if it comes from a reliable
source, proven through a research of experts from the field, and if it discusses
facts.
________5. Relevance refers to the statement that are not connected to the topic at hand.

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Independent Assessment 1

Directions: Read the statements carefully and choose the letter that corresponds to your
answer from the word box. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

a. Manipulated content d. False Connection

b. Relevance e. Misleading Content
c. Truthfulness f. Source

_______1. It refers to the radio, television, newspapers, magazines or other online

media platforms where you can see the material.
_______2. It consists of absolute truth or real information.
_______3. The accurate information and photos have been manipulated.
_______4. The headlines that didn’t show any support to the content of the material.
_______5. It shows clear, essential, and organized information from the material.

Independent Activity 2

Directions: Read and analyze the statements carefully. Write TRUE if the statement is correct
and FALSE if it is incorrect.
_______1. To check the source of news, you need to investigate the site, its mission and its
contact information.
_______2. Do not check your biases.
_______3. You need to read beyond the news headlines.
_______4. Do a quick search of the author to verify if its real and credible.
_______5. Ask a librarian or consults a fact-checking site to determine the relevance and
truthfulness of the material viewed.

Independent Assessment 2

Directions: Complete the statements below. Write your answer on a separate answer sheet.
1. Information should support the ________________.
2. __________ content shows 100% false material.
3. You need to consider the ________ to know if the materials show truthfulness.
4. ___________ is inaccurate information that are created or spread.
5. ___________ holds the highest value in making our society fair.

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Independent Activity 3

Directions: Read the article below and analyze the relevance and truthfulness of the essay to
a teacher in this time of pandemic. Then answer the questions that follow. Write
your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

Teaching in the time of Pandemic

By Noel Punzalan

COTABATO CITY – The coronavirus disease (Covid-19) pandemic may have brought
new challenges to the teaching profession, but public teacher Martina Cabilbigan said nothing
will change her love for the profession.

The 40-year-old Grade 10 teacher said her daily routine has not changed, such as
waking up early and prepare her learning materials.

Cabilbigan, who teaches at the Datu Arnel Datukon National High School (DADNHS)
in Barangay Taviran, Datu Odin Sinsuat, Maguindanao, has to endure an hour-long, thrice-a-
week trip from the city to the school to deliver and retrieve the learning modules of her 70
pupils.

The teachers do not meet their students face-to-face. Parents instead drop by the
school to get the modules of their children, she said.

“It’s difficult, but we have a vow fulfill our job as one under the vision-mission of the
Department of Education (DepEd),” she told the Philippine News Agency.

Cabilbigan said she travels with other teachers through commuter vans.

The threat of infection is real, but she said sacrifices should be made--particularly in
this time of the pandemic--“for the love of teaching.”

“We fear the pandemic but our obligation as teachers to our students does not hinder
us to teach as it is the one thing that we love to do,” Cabilbigan said.

Teaching from home, if her schedule does not permit her to go to school, Cabilbigan
said she helps in the online classes of her two schoolchildren – a 12-year-old Grade 7 student
and another seven-year-old Grade 2 learner.

She said she senses that her children miss their classmates but keep them busy
instead of their online learning under her watchful eyes.

“I let them play online games sometimes but with limitation,” she said with a smile.

Cabilbigan noted that unlike in the city, the internet signal at her school remains
unstable.

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 “That is why we chose the module learning system for our students as their parents
cannot buy laptops for their children,” she said.

Source: https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1117336

1. What is the article all about?

__________________________________________________________________
2. Where can you access the material? Does it come from a credible source?
__________________________________________________________________
3. Who is being featured in the article?
__________________________________________________________________
4. What was her struggle during the online classes?
__________________________________________________________________
5. What practices and actions did she do during pandemic?
_________________________________________________________________

Independent Assessment 3

Directions: Analyze if the photos below show truthfulness. Draw a heart shape ( ) if
it show truthfulness and sad face ( ) if it does not.
1.

Source: https://www.philstar.com/other-sections/star-cover/2021/01/11/2069584/star-cover-
january-11-2021

2.

Source: https://gulfnews.com/photos/news/new-law-in-the-philippines-is-fake-what-we-found-
1.1580128025528

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3.

Source: https://filipinotimes.net/top-stories/2018/03/09/true-queen-elizabeth-ii-calls-pres-
duterte-brave-man/

4.

Source: https://www.magzter.com/PH/Manila-Bulletin-Publishing-Company/Manila-
Bulletin/Newspaper/513053

5.

Source: https://www.inquirer.net/page-one-single/293280

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 What I Have Learned

Directions: Complete the statements below by writing down what you have learned from the
topic discussed.

I learned that _____________________________________

________________________________________________
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
________________________________________________

What I Can Do

After reading the Letter to the Editor in What’s New, it is time for you to take a stand
and determine the relevance and truthfulness of an issue. Express your idea on the issue of
“fake news”. Write three to five sentences that support your idea. A rubric is provided for your
guide in accomplishing the task.

_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
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_______________________________________________________
_________________________
 Rubric-Scoring Guide

Criteria 5 4 3 2 1

Structure/ The ideas The ideas The ideas are Structure is Lack of
Focus are are focused just list of unclear and structure,
organized on the topic events and uses 1-3 and
and uses with sense uses few relevant difficult to
wide of direction relevant ideas. follow and
range of and uses ideas. uses
relevant wide range unclear
ideas. relevant ideas.
ideas.

Content All the Only 5 Only 4 Only 3 All

sentences sentences sentences in sentences in sentences
in the in the the the are not
paragraph paragraph paragraph paragraph related to
are are related are related to are related to the topic.
related to to the topic. the topic. the topic.
the topic.
Grammar The The The The The
and Style paragraph paragraph paragraph is paragraph is paragraph is
is is indented. indented. indented. not indented.
indented. Minor errors Errors in Frequent Spelling,
Spelling, in spelling, spelling, errors in grammar, and
grammar, grammar, grammar, spelling, punctuation
and and and grammar, marks are
punctuatio punctuation punctuation and inconsistent;
n are marks. marks are punctuation errors may
effective. evident. marks. interfere with
understanding

Assessment

Directions: Identify what is being asked for the following statement. Choose the letter that
corresponds your answer. Write it on a separate answer sheet.
1. It is defined by Oxford dictionary as "bearing upon, connected with, pertaining to, the
matter in hand".
a. fake news c. truthfulness
b. relevance d. misinformation

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 2. It is the fact of being realistic or true to life.
a. fake news c. truthfulness
b. relevance d. misinformation

3. It is too outlandish; it might be satire. Research the site and author to be sure.
a. Check the author c. Consider the source
b. Read beyond d. It is a joke

4. Ask a librarian or consult a fact-checking site.

a. Ask the experts c. Consider the source
b. Read beyond d. It is a joke

5. Consider if your own beliefs could affect your judgement.

a. Check the author c. Consider the source
b. Check your biases d. It is a joke

6. Reposting old news stories does not mean they are relevant to current events.
a. Check the author c. Consider the source
b. Read beyond d. Check the date

7. Click on those links. Determine if the information given supports the story.
a. Check the author c. Consider the source
b. Read beyond d. Supporting sources

8. It is when headlines, visuals or captions don’t support the content.

a. Imposter content c. False connection
b. Universal truth d. Satire or Parody

9. It is when genuine content is shared with false contextual information.

a. Imposter content c. False connection
b. False context d. Satire or Parody

10. It uses information to frame an issue or individual.

a. Misleading Content c. False connection
b. False context d. Satire or Parody

Directions: Write Relevant if the second sentence is connected to the first sentence.
Otherwise, write Irrelevant.

_________11. Jillian is bombarded with different news. She posts without getting into the
authenticity of the facts.
_________12. Richard saw a post about an engagement of his favorite couple. When he
looked at the comment box, he read, “We support you for your campaign. You
will always be my number 1 candidate for the election.”
_________13. Lorraine read an article on the concert of her favorite international group. The
next day, she bought two tickets, a glowstick and a poster.

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_________14. The students were asked to submit an informative and persuasive essay, but
the teacher was surprised to receive a critique paper.
_________15. Joey chose online synchronous learning modality, but he refuses to join the
link sent by his teacher.

Additional Activities

Great! You have learned how to determine relevance and truthfulness of the ideas
presented in a material viewed/read. Now, it is your turn to write a pledge that supports
responsible use of social media and advocate of true and fair information.

My Social Media Pledge

I, ____________________________________, a responsible student of

________________________________, supports the responsible use of social media.
I pledge _____________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________.

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 16
What I Know Independent Activity 1
1. TRUE
1. ✔
2. FALSE
2. ✘ 3. TRUE
3. ✔ 4. TRUE
5. TRUE
4. ✔
5. ✔ Independent Assessment 2
6. ✔ 1. material
2. Fabricated
7. ✔ 3. source
8. ✔ 4. Misinformation
5. truthfulness
9. ✔
10. ✔ Independent Activity 3
11. Agree 1. Teaching in time of pandemic
12. Disagree 2. https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/11173363.
13. Disagree 3. Martina Cabilbigan
14. Agree 4. unstable internet connection
15. Disagree 5. Answer may vary
What’s In Independent Assessment 3
1. ✘ 1.
2.
2. ✔ 3.
3. ✘ 4.
4. ✔ 5.
5. ✔ What Can I Do
Answers may vary
What’s New Assessment
Answers may vary. 1. B
2. C
What’s More 3. D
Independent Activity 1 4. A
1. ✘ 5. B
6. D
2. ✔
7. D
3. ✔ 8. C
4. ✔ 9. B
10. A
5. ✘ 11. Relevant
Independent Assessment 1 12. Irrelevant
1. F 13. Relevant
2. C 14. Irrelevant
3. A 15. Irrelevant
4. D
5. B Additional Activities
Answers may vary
Answer Key
 References

Bhasin, Hitesh. “Truthfulness- Meaning, Characteristics, Benefits”. Last Modified March 9,

2020. Accessed Date. February 2, 2021. https://www.marketing91.com/truthfulness/

Davies, Rosalind L. “How do we define and teach 'relevance' in academic writing? Accessed
Date February 2, 2021.
https://litec.curtin.edu.au/events/conferences/tlf/tlf1999/lawedavies.html

International Federation of Library Associations. How To Spot Fake News. Updated July 10,
2020. Accessed Date. February 8, 2021.https://www.ifla.org/publications/node/11174

Inquirer.Net. Lockdown Shutters 700 Luzon Factories. Accessed Date February 4, 2021.
https://www.inquirer.net/page-one-single/293280

Gulf News. Accessed Date February 2, 2021. https://gulfnews.com/photos/news/new-law-in-

the-philippines-is-fake-what-we-found-1.1580128025528

Macababad, Eduelle Jan T. Don’t be victimized by fake news. Last Modified April 23, 2020.
https://opinion.inquirer.net/129140/dont-be-victimized-by-fake-news

Magzter. Accessed Date February 8,2021. https://www.magzter.com/PH/Manila-Bulletin-

Publishing-Company/Manila-Bulletin/Newspaper/513053

Library Research Guides. "Fake News," Lies and Propaganda: How to Sort Fact from Fiction.
Last Modified January 12, 2021. https://guides.lib.umich.edu/fakenews

Philstart Global. The Star Cover January 12, 2021. Accessed Date. February 8, 2021.
https://www.philstar.com/other-sections/star-cover/2021/01/12/2069784/star-cover-
january-12-2021

Punzalan, Noel. “Teaching in the time of pandemic”. Last Modified October 3, 2020.
https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1117336

The Filipino Times. Busted: Top fake news in the Philippines. Accessed Date. February 7,
2021. https://filipinotimes.net/top-stories/2018/03/09/true-queen-elizabeth-ii-calls-
pres-duterte-brave-man/

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 For inquiries or feedback, please write:

Department of Education, Schools Division of Bulacan

Curriculum Implementation Division
Learning Resource Management and Development System (LRMDS)
Capitol Compound, Guinhawa St., City of Malolos, Bulacan
Email Address: lrmdsbulacan@deped.gov.ph

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