AUTOMATIC TEMPERATURE BASED FAN SPEED

CONTROLLER USING ARDIUNO

Ms.T.KalaiSelvi Asp/CSE1, Mr.R.Kishore2, Mr. SP. RaguVijay3, Mr.G.Vignesh4

Associate Professor1, Department of Computer Science and Engineering,

Perundurai, Erode, Tamilnadu, India.

Student 2, 3, 4,
Department of Computer Science and Engineering,
Perundurai, Erode, Tamilnadu, India.

ABSTRACT

This project is an independent automatic fan INTRODUCTION

speed controller that uses an electronic The project's goal is to use temperature
circuit made up of an Ardiuno Board to Variations to adjust the fan's speed. The
control the speed of an electric fan in temperature variation in the fan is an
accordance with the requirements. This Alternative method of controlling the motor’s
closed-loop feedback control system is Speed. It is a process where the temperature of
efficient and reliable thanks to the use of the thing is measured and the way heat energy
embedded technology. We used the Ardiuno Enters or exits the object is appropriately
board for fan speed control because it is Changed to achieve a constant temperature. Due
among the most advanced controller circuits. To its low cost and benefits of low power
It senses and transforms it into an electrical Consumption, the electric fan is one of the most
signal that is sent to the micro controller by popular electrical appliances. Fans may be the
the temperature sensor DHT11. The LCD Outcome is as if the signal is a constant voltage
monitor simultaneously shows the fan speed between 0 and 5v controlling the brightness of
in percentage (%) and the sensed The LED if we repeat this on-off sequence with
temperature in Celsius. An LED quickly enough.

KEYWORDS: Fan, DHT11 Temperature

Sensor, and Ardiuno.
OBJECTIVE
A component of the home automation system is
Page1
the fan speed controller. The creation of an
affordable, user-friendly automatic 3. THE COMPONENTS USED:
temperature-controlled fan regulator that
saves energy and helps those who are unable The elements are as follows:
to manage the speed of the fan from their 1. Ardiuno UNO
current location. 2. LCD Display
1. DESIGN OF SYSTEMS 3.Fan
4. Temperature Sensor
Ardiuno and the DHT11 temperature sensor are 5. Potentiometer
used to control and monitor fan speed based on 6. Transistor
temperature. The LCD makes the system user- 7. Resistor
friendly, and the microprocessor dynamically 8. Relay
and quickly changes the speed of an electric fan 9. Infrastructuring wires
in accordance with the requirements. This
system is in charge of automatically controlling 4. METHODS
the cooling system based on the ambient
temperature. To construct a control system for Fig. 1 depicts the circuit diagram for the
this project, an Ardiuno board is needed. Since it temperature-based fan speed control and
is suggested that using IOT technology, the fan's monitoring system. The Ardiuno Uno board
speed be adjusted by changing the temperature. (Board1), 16X2 LCD (LCD1), temperature
sensor DHT11 , and a few other parts make up
2. SUMMARY OF THE PROBLEM its construction. Since it manages every
function, the Ardiuno is at the centre of this
The majority of people find it physically circuit.
uncomfortable when the fan speed level changes
when the room temperature changes. In light of
this, it is advised to create programmed fan
architecture to address this problem by changing
the velocity level in response to temperature
variations.

Figure.1: circuit Diagram

Page2
 require a separate piece of hardware (referred to
as a programmer) in order to load new code onto
the board; instead, you can do it by using a USB
cable, in contrast to the majority of earlier
programmable circuit boards. Moreover, the
Figure.2:Block Diagram Ardiuno IDE employs a condensed form of C++
that makes learning to programmer simpler.

The Ardiuno is interfaced with the

DHT11 temperature sensor to retrieve
the room's temperature information.
When the temperature is high, the data is
processed more quickly than when the
temperature is low and the fan speed is
slower. On the LCD, information about
temperature and fan speed is shown for
Figure.3: Ardiuno UNO
user involvement. Using PWM pins on
the Ardiuno, the fan speed can be
adjusted in relation to the temperature.
Specification;

5. COMPONENT LIST Tmega328 microcontroller, 1

a) ARDIUNO UNO Input Voltages: 6 to 20V 2 Operational Voltage:

5V Input Voltage
An open-source platform for creating
electronics projects is called Ardiuno. In 14 analogue input pins, 14 digital I/O pins, and

order to create and upload computer code to 5 DC current for the 3.3V pin

the physical board, Ardiuno consists of a

32 KB SRAM, 6 Flash Memory, and 2 KB
software tool called the IDE (Integrated
Development Environment) that runs on 1 KB in 7 EEPROMs 8 16 MHz clock speed
your computer. The actual programmable
b) LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY (LCD)
circuit board is sometimes referred to as a
microcontroller. The Ardiuno does not Throughout the last few decades, liquid crystal

Page3
displays (LCDs) have experienced
tremendous growth. In the course of a day,
they are utilized everywhere. Cell phones, e-
books, GPS units, computer monitors, car
displays, projectors, and TVs are just a few
instances of examples. They are important
components of our daily lives and play a
crucial role in the information era. Light
doesn't come from liquid crystals. Their
purpose is to display images by changing
Figure.5: Fan
the state of light emitted by a light source.
d) TEPERATURE SENSOR (DHT11)
Either a direct backlight, which is positioned
immediately below the liquid crystal panel, Moisture and temperature sensor DHT11 This
or an edge light, which is positioned at the DHT11 Temperature and Humidity Sensor has a
edge of a waveguide sheet, produces the temperature and humidity sensor capability, as well
light. as a calibrated digital signal output. It has an 8-bit
high-performance microcontroller built in. High
reliability and exceptional long-term stability are
guaranteed by its technology. A resistive element
and a sensor for wet NTC temperature
measurement devices are both included in this
sensor. It is of exceptional quality, responds
quickly, is interference-resistant, and performs
Figure.4: pin diagram of 16x2 LCD
well. Each DHT11 sensor has a humidity
c) FAN calibration chamber with exceptionally accurate
calibration. Internal sensors pick up signals during
It is an electronic device that circulates air
the operation, and we should refer to these as the
inside its surroundings. We are all aware
calibration coefficients that are stored in the OTP
that fans have blades, and these blades
programmer memory. It is integrated to make the
affect the air. The group of rotating blades is
single-wire serial interface system quick and
called an impeller, rotor, or runners.
simple. Small size, weak power, and short signal
distance

Page4
 three terminals for connecting to an external
circuit and is made of semiconductor material.

Figure.6: Temperature Sensor (DHT11)

Figure.8: Transistor
e) POTENTIOMETER g) RESISTOR

A potentiometer is an electrical instrument used Materials with particular resistance values in the
to gauge a battery's electromotive force and range between an insulator and a conductor are
internal resistance. Also, it is employed for required in electric and electronic circuits. These
comparing the EMFs of various cells. In the substances are known as resistors, and the units of
majority of applications, it can also be used as a measurement for their resistance are ohms.
variable

Figure.9: Resistor
Figure.7: Potentiometer
h) RELAY
f) TRANSISTOR
It is a switch which controls (open and close)
A transistor is a semiconductor gadget that
circuits electromechanically. The main
amplifies or switches electrical power and
operation of this device is to make or break
electronic signals. It typically has at least
contact with the help of a signal without any
Page5
human involvement in order to switch it ON • Add the DHT11 header file and LCD. in the
or OFF. It is mainly used to control a high sketch.
powered circuit using a low power signal.
• Read the temperature sensor's DHT11 value
and save it in a variable temp sense.

• Compare the value that is stored with the

threshold that is established to turn on the fan.

• The motor will be in the OFF state if the

temperature sensor value is less than 26°C.

• The motor will be operating at 20% of its

maximum speed if the temperature sensor
Figure.10: Relay
reading is equivalent to 26°C.
i) INFRASTRUCTURING WIRES
• The motor will be operating at 40% of its
In order for electrical current to go from one maximum speed if the temperature sensor
location on a circuit to another, connecting reading is equivalent to 27°C.
wires act as a medium. Wires are included
• The motor will be operating at 60% of its
onto circuit boards in computers to transport
maximum speed if the temperature sensor
electrical pulses.
reading is equivalent to 28°C.

• If the temperature sensor reading is 29°C or

higher, the motor will be operating at 80% of its
maximum speed.

• If the temperature sensor reading exceeds

29°C, the motor will be ON and moving at
Figure.11: Connecting Wires
100% of its maximum speed.
6. IMPLEMENTATION OF SOFTWARE
• Continually check the temperature and,
depending on the sensor value, take the
Algorithm: • For serial transmission, set the appropriate action.
baud rate to 9600.

Page6
7.OUTCOME

The outcomes of using the prototype model

under varied temperature conditions. It
outlines the behavior of the embedded
system in terms of how it responds to
temperature variations in real time.

PWM values, duty cycles, and fan speed

Figure.13: Temperature Vs Fan Speed
Values are displayed in the provided table.

8. Conclusion

The project's goal is to automatically adjust the

fan temperature. The most effective method for
using measured temperature to control fan
speed is found to be PWM. The system is
The graphical representation of tabular data operating as it should. There is no need to
is shown below. manually adjust the fan speed repeatedly
because it relies on the temperature.

9. RESOURCE

[1] Design and Fabrication of Temperature-

based DC Fan Speed Control System Using
Microcontroller and Pulse Width Modulation
Technology. Surabhi1, Upend Prasad2, Vivek
Kumar Jain3, Vol. 4, Issue 7, July 2015.

[2]. Automated Fan Speed Control System

Figure.12: Temperature Vs Duty Cycle Using Microcontroller at the Sixth International
Conference on Electrical, Electronics, and Civil
Construction (ICEECE'2014), November 27–
Page7
28, 2014, Cape Town, South Africa the copyright. Using a microcontroller and pulse
Mummer Mohamed, Hossam Abdoalgader, width modulation technique, design and
and Mustafa Sad. construction of a temperature-based DC fan
speed control system Vivek Kumar Jain,
[3] Automated Temperature Controlled Fan
Surabhi1, and Upendra Prasad2.
Using Thermistor, ISSN: 2321-1156
International Journal of Innovative Research [8] Islam Md. Serajul, Mashud M. A. A.,
in Technology & Science (IJIRTS), July Barman S. C., and Bhuiyan M. R. (2013). I.J.
2016. S. Vermin, A. Das, S. Dey, and P. Intelligent Systems and Applications, Design
Chowdhury. and Implementation of Three Phase Unbalanced
Voltage Motor Controller, pp. 35–42
[4] Automated Fan Speed Control System
Using Microcontroller, 6th International
Conference on Electrical, Electronics &
Civil Engineering (ICEECE'2014),
November 27-28, 2014, Cape Town (South
Africa).

[5] Construct an Automated Temperature

Control System for Smart Electric Fan
Using PIC, International Journal of Science
and Research (IJSR), And India Online
ISSN: 2319-7064 Volume 2, Issue 9, and
September 2013 [5]. Z. I. Ryman, K. Ho
Yap, and N. Ismail.

[6] A thesis was submitted that looked into

single-phase SPWM inverters. Bijoyprakash
Majhi's failure to meet the prerequisites for
the degree of Bachelor of Electrical
Engineering under Prof. Somnath Maity's
direction.

[7] July 2015 issue of the Global Journal of

Innovative Research in Science,
Construction, and Technology to IJIRSET,
Page8
Page9
Page10