GUU 561: PREPARATION OF MASTER PLAN

REPORT ON SURATGARH TOWN

Session: 2021-2022

Submitted To-: Submitted By-:

Dr. Ashwani Luthra Damandeep Singh
Ms. Gulpreet Kaur Jaspreet Singh
Kavita Kumari
Mayank Sharma
Mohnish
Patil Nachiket Avinash
Sameer Talwar

Guru Ramdas School Of Planning

Guru Nanak Dev University
Amritsar
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We feel immense pleasure to express our gratitude and respect to our studio incharges; Dr.
Ashwani Luthra and Ms. Gulpreet Kaur who were very supportive and helpful throughout the
exercise. Their constructive criticism brought out the best in us. We extend our heartiest thanks
to all the government departments and other professionals of Suratgarh town, Rajasthan who
helped us in collecting valuable information regarding our exercise.

We would like to thank our friends and classmates who encouraged us during low times in the
exercise. Then we would like to thank our family who gave us constant moral and financial
support. Last but not the least we would like to thank the almighty God –who had given immense
strength to complete this exercise.

Damandeep Singh
Jaspreet Singh
Kavita Kumari
Mayank Sharma
Mohnish
Patil Nachiket
Sameer Talwar

I
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022

TABLE OF CONTENTS
BACKGROUND ................................................................................................................... 1
A INTRODUCTION TO EXERCISE .............................................................................................. 1
B INTRODUCTION TO TOWN - SURATGARH ............................................................................. 1
B.1 Location ...................................................................................................................... 1
B.2 Connectivity ................................................................................................................ 1
C OBJECTIVE ........................................................................................................................... 2
D SCOPE .................................................................................................................................. 2
E METHODOLOGY ................................................................................................................... 3
F LIMITATIONS ........................................................................................................................ 4
G CONCLUSION........................................................................................................................ 4

1 SECTION............................................................................................................................... 6
FINDINGS, SWOC & CROSS TABULAR ANALYSIS .............................................................. 6
1.1 PROBLEMS AND POTENTIALS ............................................................................................... 6
1.1.1 Regional Setting .......................................................................................................... 6
1.1.2 Local Planning Area ................................................................................................... 6
1.1.3 Physiography............................................................................................................... 8
1.1.4 Historical Evolution .................................................................................................... 8
1.1.5 Existing Landuse ....................................................................................................... 10
1.1.6 Demography and Socio-Economic ........................................................................... 11
1.1.7 Housing ..................................................................................................................... 12
1.1.8 Industry and Industrial Infrastructure ....................................................................... 13
1.1.9 Trade and Commerce ................................................................................................ 14
1.1.10 Land Value and Land Ownership ............................................................................. 15
1.1.11 Traffic and Transportation ........................................................................................ 16
1.1.12 Physical Infrastructure .............................................................................................. 18
1.1.13 Social Infrastructure .................................................................................................. 19
1.1.14 Urban Design and Morphology ................................................................................ 20
1.1.15 Tourism ..................................................................................................................... 21
1.1.16 Conservation and Heritage ........................................................................................ 21

II
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
1.1.17 Energy and Environment .......................................................................................... 22
1.1.18 Disaster Management................................................................................................ 24
1.1.19 Legal, Financial and Administrative ......................................................................... 25
1.2 SWOC ............................................................................................................................... 28
1.2.1 Strength ..................................................................................................................... 28
1.2.2 Weakness .................................................................................................................. 30
1.2.3 Opportunity ............................................................................................................... 33
1.2.4 Challenges ................................................................................................................. 35
1.3 CROSS TABULAR ................................................................................................................ 37
1.3.1 Regional Setting ........................................................................................................ 37
(a) Problems ................................................................................................................... 37
(b) Potentials ................................................................................................................... 38
(c) Constraints ................................................................................................................ 38
1.3.2 Local Planning Area ................................................................................................. 38
(a) Problems ................................................................................................................... 38
(b) Potentials ................................................................................................................... 38
(c) Constraints ................................................................................................................ 39
1.3.3 Physiography............................................................................................................. 39
(a) Problems ................................................................................................................... 39
(b) Potentials ................................................................................................................... 40
(c) Constraints ................................................................................................................ 40
1.3.4 Historical Evolution .................................................................................................. 40
(a) Problem ..................................................................................................................... 40
(b) Potential .................................................................................................................... 41
(c) Constraint .................................................................................................................. 42
1.3.5 Existing Landuse ....................................................................................................... 42
(a) Problems ................................................................................................................... 42
(b) Potentials ................................................................................................................... 42
(c) Constraints ................................................................................................................ 43
1.3.6 Demography and Socio-Economic ........................................................................... 43
(a) Problems ................................................................................................................... 43

III
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
(b) Potential .................................................................................................................... 43
(c) Constraints ................................................................................................................ 44
1.3.7 Housing ..................................................................................................................... 44
(a) Problems ................................................................................................................... 44
(b) Potential .................................................................................................................... 45
(c) Constraint .................................................................................................................. 45
1.3.8 Industry and Industrial Infrastructure ....................................................................... 45
(a) Problems ................................................................................................................... 45
(b) Potentials ................................................................................................................... 46
(c) Constraints ................................................................................................................ 46
1.3.9 Trade and Commerce ................................................................................................ 46
(a) Problems ................................................................................................................... 46
(b) Potential .................................................................................................................... 47
(c) Constraint .................................................................................................................. 48
1.3.10 Land Value and Land Ownership ......................................................................... 48
(a) Problems ................................................................................................................... 48
(b) Potentials ................................................................................................................... 48
(c) Constraints ................................................................................................................ 49
1.3.11 Traffic and Transportation .................................................................................... 49
(a) Problems ................................................................................................................... 49
(b) Potentials ................................................................................................................... 49
(c) Constraints ................................................................................................................ 51
1.3.12 Physical Infrastructure .......................................................................................... 51
(a) Problems ................................................................................................................... 51
(b) Potential .................................................................................................................... 51
1.3.13 Social Infrastructure .............................................................................................. 52
(a) Problems ................................................................................................................... 52
(b) Potentials ................................................................................................................... 52
(c) Constraints ................................................................................................................ 53
1.3.14 Urban Design and Morphology ............................................................................ 53
(a) Problems ................................................................................................................... 53

IV
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
(b) Potential .................................................................................................................... 53
1.3.15 Tourism ................................................................................................................. 53
(a) Problems ................................................................................................................... 53
(b) Potentials ................................................................................................................... 54
1.3.16 Conservation and Heritage .................................................................................... 54
(a) Problems ................................................................................................................... 54
(b) Potentials ................................................................................................................... 55
1.3.17 Energy and Environment ...................................................................................... 55
(a) Problems ................................................................................................................... 55
(b) Potentials ................................................................................................................... 56
(c) Constraints ................................................................................................................ 56
1.3.18 Disaster Management............................................................................................ 56
(a) Problems ................................................................................................................... 56
(b) Potentials ................................................................................................................... 56
(c) Constraints ................................................................................................................ 57
1.3.19 Legal, Financial and Administrative ..................................................................... 57
(a) Problems ................................................................................................................... 57
(b) Potentials ................................................................................................................... 58
1.4 CONCLUSION...................................................................................................................... 58
2 SECTION............................................................................................................................. 59
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK- CONCEPTS, CHARACTERISTICS, MASTER PLAN
PLANNING PROCESS ................................................................................................................ 59
2.1 DEFINITIONS ...................................................................................................................... 59
2.2 CONCEPTS .......................................................................................................................... 61
2.2.1 Dormitory Town ....................................................................................................... 61
2.2.2 Satellite Town ........................................................................................................... 62
2.2.3 Smart Cities............................................................................................................... 63
2.2.4 Garden City ............................................................................................................... 64
2.2.5 City of Tomorrow ..................................................................................................... 66
2.2.6 Broad Acre City Concept .......................................................................................... 66
2.2.7 Gedessian Triad ........................................................................................................ 67

V
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
2.2.8 Resilient City ............................................................................................................ 68
2.2.9 Sustainable City ........................................................................................................ 69
2.2.10 Concentric Theory .................................................................................................... 70
2.2.11 Multiple Nuclei Theory.............................................................................................. 72
2.2.12 Sector Theory ............................................................................................................ 74
2.2.13 Background to Healthy Cities ................................................................................... 75
(a) Need .......................................................................................................................... 75
(b) Health Determinants ................................................................................................. 76
(c) Healthy City Aims .................................................................................................... 76
(d) Goals ......................................................................................................................... 76
2.3 CHARACTERISTICS OF MASTER PLAN ................................................................................ 77
2.4 GENERAL PLANNING CONSIDERATIONS ............................................................................. 78
2.4.1 Land Use Integration................................................................................................. 78
2.4.2 Trend of Development of Town ............................................................................... 82
2.4.3 Sustainability............................................................................................................. 84
2.5 MASTER PLAN PLANNING PROCESS ................................................................................... 85
2.6 PROJECTION METHODS ...................................................................................................... 87
2.6.1 Arithmetic Mean ....................................................................................................... 87
2.6.2 Geometric Progression .............................................................................................. 88
2.6.3 Incremental Increase Method .................................................................................... 88
2.6.4 Employment Method ................................................................................................ 89
2.6.5 Cohort Component .................................................................................................... 89
2.6.6 Migration and Natural Increase Method ................................................................... 89
2.7 NORMS AND STANDARDS ................................................................................................... 90
2.7.1 Landuse ..................................................................................................................... 90
2.7.2 Trade and Commerce ................................................................................................ 90
2.7.3 Traffic and Transportation ........................................................................................ 91
2.7.4 Physical Infrastructure .............................................................................................. 94
2.7.5 Social Infrastructure .................................................................................................. 96
2.8 POLICIES, PROGRAMS AND SCHEMES ................................................................................. 98
2.8.1 Housing ..................................................................................................................... 98

VI
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
2.8.2 Industry ..................................................................................................................... 99
2.8.3 Traffic and Transportation ...................................................................................... 101
2.8.4 Physical Infrastructure ............................................................................................ 102
2.8.5 Social Infrastructure ................................................................................................ 103
2.8.6 Heritage and Tourism ............................................................................................. 103
2.8.7 Environment and Disaster ....................................................................................... 105
2.8.8 Energy ..................................................................................................................... 105
2.8.9 Commercial and agriculture .................................................................................... 106
2.9 CONCLUSION.................................................................................................................... 106
3 SECTION........................................................................................................................... 107
VISION, PROJECTIONS AND REQUIREMENTS ................................................................. 107
3.1 VISION ............................................................................................................................. 107
3.2 PROJECTIONS AND REQUIREMENTS .................................................................................. 109
3.2.1 Local Planning Area ............................................................................................... 109
3.2.2 Demography and Socio-economic .......................................................................... 110
3.2.3 Housing ................................................................................................................... 112
3.2.4 Industry and Industrial Infrastructure ..................................................................... 113
3.2.5 Trade and Commerce .............................................................................................. 116
3.2.6 Traffic and Transportation ...................................................................................... 116
3.2.7 Physical Infrastructure ............................................................................................ 119
3.2.8 Social Infrastructure ................................................................................................ 123
3.2.9 Tourism and Heritage ............................................................................................. 124
4 SECTION - 4 ..................................................................................................................... 126
CONCEPTUAL PLAN & PROPOSALS ................................................................................... 126
4.1 CONCEPTUAL PLAN.......................................................................................................... 126
4.2 PROPOSED LANDUSE 2041 ............................................................................................... 128
4.3 HOUSING .......................................................................................................................... 130
4.4 INDUSTRY AND INDUSTRIAL INFRASTRUCTURE ............................................................... 134
4.5 TRADE AND COMMERCE .................................................................................................. 136
4.6 TRAFFIC AND TRANSPORTATION ...................................................................................... 138
4.6.1 Proposed Roads and Road Geometry ..................................................................... 138

VII
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
4.6.2 Proposed Street Lights ............................................................................................ 143
4.6.3 Proposed Road Widening and Parking ................................................................... 143
4.7 PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE............................................................................................ 144
4.7.1 Water supply ........................................................................................................... 144
4.7.2 Sewerage and Drainage Proposals .......................................................................... 147
4.7.3 Solid Waste Management ....................................................................................... 150
4.8 SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE................................................................................................ 153
4.8.1 Educational Facilities .............................................................................................. 153
4.8.2 Socio-cultural Facilities .......................................................................................... 153
(a) Meditation and Spiritual centre ............................................................................... 153
(b) Recreational Club.................................................................................................... 153
4.8.3 Recreational Facilities ............................................................................................. 153
4.8.4 Safety Management Facilities ................................................................................. 154
(a) Disaster Management Centre .................................................................................. 154
(b) Fire Training Institute/College ................................................................................ 154
4.9 TOURISM AND HERITAGE ................................................................................................. 156
4.10 ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT ....................................................................................... 160
4.10.1 Proposal To Control Noise Pollution .................................................................. 160
4.10.2 Proposal To Control Land Pollution ................................................................... 161
4.10.3 Proposal To Control Water Pollution ................................................................. 161
4.10.4 Proposal of Indira Biodiversity Park................................................................... 167
4.10.5 Proposals For Energy .......................................................................................... 170
4.10.6 Proposal Changing Dependency (Solar Park)..................................................... 172
4.11 LEGAL, FINANCIAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE .................................................................. 175
4.11.1 Proposal For Improving Fiscal Health ................................................................ 176
4.11.2 Proposed Number of Town Planners .................................................................. 176
4.12 CONCLUSION................................................................................................................ 177
5 PHASING AND ZONING ............................................................................................... 179
5.1 PHASING .......................................................................................................................... 179
5.1.1 First Phase (2021-2026) .......................................................................................... 179
5.1.2 Second Phase (2026-2031) ..................................................................................... 180

VIII
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
5.1.3 Third Phase (2031-2036) ........................................................................................ 181
5.1.4 Forth Phase (2036-2041)......................................................................................... 182
5.2 ZONING ............................................................................................................................ 184
5.2.1 Proposed Zoning ..................................................................................................... 185
5.2.2 Urban Landuse Zoning Regulations ....................................................................... 186
(a) Residential Zone ..................................................................................................... 186
(b) Commercial Zone.................................................................................................... 187
(c) Industrial Zone ........................................................................................................ 188
(d) Public/Semi-Public Zone ........................................................................................ 189
(e) Recreational Zone ................................................................................................... 190
(f) Transportation and Communication use Zone ........................................................ 190
(g) Mixed Use Zone ...................................................................................................... 191
5.3 DEVELOPMENT CONTROL REGULATIONS ......................................................................... 193
BIBLIOGRAPHY ............................................................................................................. 210
ANNEXURES .................................................................................................................... 211

IX
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022

LIST OF FIGURES
Sr. No Figures Page Number
B.1 District Map 1
B.2 Suratgarh Map 1
E.1 Methodology 5
2.1.1 Definition and Feature of Master Plan 61
2.2.1 Dormitory Town 61
2.2.2 Satellite Town 62
2.2.3 Smart Cities 63
2.2.4 Garden Cities 64
2.2.5 City of Tomorrow 66
2.2.6 Broad Acre City 66
2.2.7 Gedessian Triad 67
2.2.8 Concentric Theory Model 70
2.2.9 Multiple Nuclei Theory Model 72
2.2.10 Sector Theory Model 74
2.2.11 Healthy City Concept 76
2.3.1 Characteristics of Master Plan 77
2.4.1 Relationship Between Landuse And Transport 78
2.4.2 Level Of Service (LOS) 79
2.4.3 Compatibility Matrix 79
2.4.4 Urban Renewal 80
2.4.5 Bhendi Bazar, Mumbai (Redevelopment) 80
2.4.6 Neighbourhood Planning 81
2.4.7 Pedestrian Friendly 81
2.4.8 Hierarchy of Settlements 82
2.4.9 Multiplier Effect 83
2.4.10 Reverse Desertification 84
2.4.11 Bhadla Solar Park 84
2.5.1 Master Plan Planning Process 87
3.1.1 Healthy City 107
3.1.2 Key Strategies of Healthy City 108
3.2.1 Projected Population 112
3.2.2 Projected Growth Of Industries 114
3.2.3 Projected Workforce 115
4.2.1 Proposed Landuse Distribution 2041 128
4.3.1 Proposed Density 130
4.4.1 Proposed Housing Distribution 132
4.4.2 Neighborhood Planning 132
4.6.1 Existing Scenario of Informal Sector 136
4.6.2 Conceptual View of Proposed Informal Sector 136
4.6.3 Commercial Area Along Road 136
4.7.1 Proposed Section of NH 62 and SH 94 138
4.7.2 Proposed Section of Suratgarh- Ganganagar Road 138
4.7.3 Proposed Section of Bikaner Road 139
X
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
4.7.4 Proposed Section of Badopal Road 139
4.7.5 Proposed Section of Chhavi Cinema Road 140
4.7.6 Proposed Section of Railway Road 140
4.7.7 Proposed Section of 25 m Road 141
4.7.8 Proposed Section of 20 m Road 141
4.7.9 Solar Street Lights 143
4.8.1 Proposed OHR 144
4.8.2 Green Buffer Along STP 147
4.8.3 Proposed Rain Garden 147
4.8.4 Proposed Storm Water Drain 147
4.8.5 Proposed Public Toilets 148
4.8.6 Proposed Public Dustbins 150
4.8.7 Proposed Waste Collection Vehicles 150
4.8.8 Proposed Composting Plant 150
4.10.1 Suratgarh Fort 156
4.10.2 Proposed Camel Riding 156
4.10.3 Jambeshwar Temple 156
4.10.4 Proposed Desert Tourism 156
4.10.5 Proposed Biodiversity Park 157
4.10.6 Proposed Wetland 157
4.11.1 Roadside Plantation 160
4.11.2 Roadside Plantation 161
4.11.3 No Horn Zone 161
4.11.4 Underground Cable System 162
4.11.5 Solar Street Light 162
4.11.6 Proposed Floating Wetland 164
4.11.7 Birds Near Wetland 164
4.11.8 Location of Community Park 165
4.11.9 Process of Rain Garden 165
4.11.10 Herbal Garden 167
4.11.11 Bird Park 168
4.11.12 Solar Rooftop Mechanism 171
4.11.13 Mechanism of Solar park 173
4.12.1 Proposed Organizational Structure 178

XI
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022

LIST OF TABLES
Sr .No. Title Page Number
2.7.1 Land use Structure of a Urban Area 90
2.7.2 Development Area Average Densities 90
2.7.3 Norms For Commercial Centers 90-91
2.7.4 Hierarchy of Commercial Centers 91
2.7.5 Area of commercial Centers 91
2.7.6 Design consideration of urban roads 91-92
2.7.7 Land use Breakup for Truck Terminal 92
2.7.8 Recommended ECS For Various Types of Vehicles 92
2.7.9 Carriageway Width for each Road Type 92-93
2.7.10 Required Width of Footpath 93
2.7.11 Design Volume Standards 93
2.7.12 PCU Standards 94
2.7.13 Bus Terminal 94
2.7.14 Waste Generation 94-95
2.7.15 Recommended Land Requirement Based on Capacities 95
2.7.16 Water requirement for institutional building 95
2.7.17 Slaughter house waste generation 96
2.7.18 Water requirement for industrial units 96
2.7.19 Education 96
2.7.20 Sports Facility 97
2.7.21 Safety 97
2.7.22 Healthcare 97
2.7.23 Socio-Culture 97
2.7.24 Open Space 98
2.7.25 Distribution Services 98
3.2.1 Total LPA Population Projection 109
3.2.2 Total LPA work force projection 110
3.2.3 Projected Population by Geometric Mean Method 2031 111
3.2.4 Projected Population by Geometric Mean Method 2041 111-112
3.2.5 Housing Requirements 112
3.2.6 Residential Land use 113
3.2.7 Industrial Projection 114
3.2.8 Proposed Community Center 116
3.2.9 Projected Growth of Traffic 116-117
3.2.10 Projected Modal Split 118
3.2.11 Proposed Street Lights 118-119
3.2.12 Water Requirement for 2041 119
3.2.13 Social Infrastructure Water requirement 120
3.2.14 Commercial & Industrial water requirements 120
3.2.15 Land use water requirement 120
3.2.16 Total water demand in 2041 120
3.2.17 Toilets Required 121
3.2.18 Projected Household Waste 121
XII
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
3.2.19 Requirements of composting plant 122
3.2.20 Manpower and Vehicles Requirements 122
3.2.21 Social Infrastructure requirements 123
3.2.22 Tourist Projection 124
3.2.23 Projected Tourist Growth 124
4.2.1 Proposed Land use Distribution 128
4.8.1 Proposed OHR 144
4.8.2 Manpower and vehicle requirement 150
4.11.1 Power Recovery Calculations 170
4.11.2 Subsidy for Residential 171
4.11.3 Total Requirement of Power in 2041 172
4.12.1 Numbers of Town planner Proposed 176
4.12.2 Additional Requirement of posts in Suratgarh Municipality 177
5.3.1 Independent Residential Building 193
5.3.2 Flats Requirements 193-94
5.3.3 Group Housing 194
5.3.4 Hostel Guest House Requirement 194
5.3.5 Industrial Infrastructure Requirements 197
5.3.6 Industrial Parking Requirements 197
5.3.7 Types of Industries based on Colour 198
5.3.8 Types of Industries based on Scale 198
5.3.9 Right of Way and FAR 198
5.3.10 Industrial Plot Setbacks 198
5.3.11 Commercial Infrastructure 199
5.3.12 Types of Shops 199
5.3.13 Informal Sector Requirements 199-200
5.3.14 Commercial Parking Requirement 200
5.3.15 Water Supply Standards 201
5.3.16 Maximum Water Supply Level 201
5.3.17 Land Requirement for Water Supply System 201
5.3.18 Instituitional Water Supply 202
5.3.19 Industrial Water Requirement 202
5.3.20 Waste Generation 203-204
5.3.21 Types of Utility 204
5.3.22 Street Lights Requirements 204
5.3.23 Road Hierarchy 205-206
5.3.24 Carriageway Width for Each Road 206
5.3.25 Social Infratructure 207
5.3.26 Highway Development Control Area 207-208
5.3.27 Buffer Zone and Rain Water Harvesting Guidelines 208
5.3.28 Ecological Zone 209

XIII
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022

LIST OF MAPS
Sr. no. Title Page number
4.1.1 Conceptual Plan 127
4.2.1 Proposed Landuse 129
4.3.1 Proposed Density 131
4.4.1 Proposed Housing 133
4.5.1 Proposed Industry 135
4.6.1 Proposed Trade and Commerce 137
4.6.2 Proposed Road Geometry 142
4.8.1 Proposed Water Supply 146
4.8.2 Proposed Sewerage and Drainage 149
4.8.3 Proposed Solid Waste Management 152
4.9.1 Proposed Social Infrastructure 155
4.10.1 Proposed Tourism 159
4.11.1 Proposed Energy and Environment 163
4.11.2 Proposed Wetland and Rain Garden 166
4.11.3 Proposed Biodiversity Park 169
4.11.4 Proposed Solar park 174
5.1 Proposed Phasing 183
5.2 Proposed Landuse Zoning 192

XIV
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022

BACKGROUND
A. Introduction to Exercise
As the part of syllabus, the students of Masters of Planning (Urban) 2nd semester have
undertaken an exercise of “Preparation of Master Plan”. In this exercise class has been divided
into 3 groups. Each group comprises seven students. Every group has given different town i.e.
Suratgarh, Hanumangarh and Ganaganagar respectively. Our group undertook the town of
Suratgarh for preparation of Master Plan.

B. Introduction to Town: Suratgarh

Suratgarh is a city and a municipality in Sri Ganganagar district in the Indian state of Rajasthan.
Founded by Maharaja Surat Singh (1765-1828). It is a class II town. Hindi, Bagri and Punjabi
are the widely spoken languages of the city.The Suratgarh city is divided into 45 wards. The
Suratgarh municipality has population of 84,110 of which 44,254 are males while 39,825 are
females as per Census India.
B.1 Location
Suratgarh is situated in the State of Rajasthan and District of Sri Ganganagar. The geographical
coordinates of the place are Latitude-29.317701°N Longitude-73.898935°E. It has an average
elevation of 168 metres (551) feet.

Figure B.1 District Map Figure B.2 Suratgarh Map

B.2 Connectivity
The city is well connected with other cities by train and road networks. National Highway
number 62 and a mega highway pass through the city. Suratgarh Junction is on the Jodhpur-
Bathinda line. Distance from surrounding cities: Bikaner − 174 km, Ganganagar −

1
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
70 km, Hanumangarh − 52 km. Nearest international airport is approximately 356 km away in
Amritsar.
C. Objective
The objective is to identify the existing problems, potentials and constraints for future
development and to provide a healthy living environment and enhance connectivity with the
surrounding. Also to fulfill the requirements of the town and to enhance the quality of life and to
bring out innovative solution to the previously conducted study of the town by optimum use of
the resources. The objective of preparing master plan is to give future proposals and make
development strategies for 20 years.
D. Scope
Theoretical Framework:- It includes Definitions, Theories and Concepts, Norms and Standards,
Methodology, Components Of Master Plan, Master Plan Preparation Process which is the base
for whole master plan.
Problems, Potential and Constraint:- Emphasize the problems, potentials and constraints of the
city in the form of SWOT and Cross-Tabular Analysis of various aspects so that the potential can
be further utilized in a proper manner in next steps like vision, requirements, concepts and
proposals.
Formulations of vision and objectives:- Based upon the findings, a vision for development of
planning area will be formulated and the title will be given to town in the light of which town will
be developed. The specific objectives will be the part of this step so as the objectives will help to
achieve the vision as well as goals. Further, aspect wise planning strategies of development will
be incorporated so as to exercise under strategies to certain objectives.
Projections and Detailed Requirement-: Based upon the existing study, vision and specific
objectives, requirements of proposals are done with their assumptions and basis. This will fill the
gaps of the town by application of various norms and standards. Obtained requirements are
summary of the number of proposals to prepare master plan.
Planning considerations and Conceptual Framework-: The proposals are put into the base
plan with the help of planning considerations and a conceptual plan is derived out. Based upon
the conceptual plan, final master plan shall be prepared. Alternative plans may be prepared to
propose best use of land resource.

2
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Zoning and Phasing-: Proposals are divided into different phases based upon the need of filling
the gaps in the town. The master plan is divided into different zones based upon the landuse and
further divided based upon the density and hierarchy. Zoning regulations are included for
different landuse.
Legal, Administrative and Financial Backing-: Successful implementation of master plan
needs legal, administrative and financial support as a implementation strategies for the provision
of infrastructure. Thus, various schemes, policies and projects will be linked by following
financing strategies.
E. Methodology
This part of the report includes methodology in which various stages of work to be done are
discussed. The flowchart of the methodology can be referred in figure 2 to see the order of work.
The stages of the methodology are as follows:
Step 1 SWOC and Cross Tabular Analysis
On the basis of the study and complied data related to town Suratgarh, certain problems and
potentials, constraints, cross tabular analysis and SWOT are carried out.
Step 2 Theoretical Framework
It includes the study of literature related to master plan such as definitions, feature and its
contents. And theoretical framework is framed which includes definition, concepts,
components, government policies of the Master plan and the Healthy city and Norms and
standards related to Healthy city.
Step 3 Vision And Objectives
This stage includes Specific objectives and Specific planning considerations are worked out for
various components such as residential and housing, demography, tourism, trade, physical
infrastructure, social infrastructure, Transportation, environment, common shared facilities and
industrial units for the heritage town.

Step 4 Assumptions, Projections And Requirements

Based upon projection of the population of the LPA and the M.C, work force and the case
studies, and requirement is calculated for Physical, Social, Housing.
Step 5 Proposals and Plan Implementation Strategies
Detailed proposals will be prepared for land use and land Utilization. It will include the

3
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
placement of components of social infrastructure like community center. Implementation
strategies will include the policies and programs under which improvement of facilities and
infrastructure would come.
Step 6 Phasing and Zoning
The phasing and the zoning done after the propose layout of the city in which cover the land use
zoning and the phasing done for the 5years according the development of town
F. Limitations
The time span of master plan is more i.e. 15-20 years and because of the change in the existing
condition of the city the proposals are not sufficiently implemented on the ground. Monitoring
and enforcement will not be done as it is our academic exercise.

G. Conclusion
From this section, background of the town and methodology framed will help to further carry the
out exercise in the light of objectives and scope. This section provides direction to provide
proposals for the further planning of the town. It is the base for the further part of the exercise
like SWOC and cross analysis between different aspects.

4
Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022

Figure E.1 Methodology 5

 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022

1 SECTION
FINDINGS, SWOC & CROSS TABULAR ANALYSIS
This section includes the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats based on the study of
the town which will further helps in preparing the proposals to solve the problems by using the
strengths and opportunities. Also this section includes the cross analysis between different
aspects to identify the strong as well as critical aspects and to use them for the future growth of
the town.

1.1 Problems and Potentials

1.1.1 Regional Setting
Problems
The population growth rate as per the projected growth rate of other towns i.e Garsana,
Sadulshahar, and Sirsa is higher than that of Suratgarh. Suratgarh has low primacy in its region
in the terms of Administrative status and Municipal status of the town. Due to the undulating
topography of the area, there are problem-related to development and also problem-related to
agriculture because due to the sand dunes in the area.
Potentials
It has been observed that suratgarh has a strong convergence of roads and railways networks, it
has the advantage of linkages with NH62 and MDR 94 and Bikaner highway passing through
suratgarh along with the railway connectivity which makes it highly accessible both by rail and
road. As per URDPFI guidelines, it is a medium town and has a good potential to grow in the
future being in close proximity to Shri Ganganagar and 40km respectively. It has higher
interaction with other settlements because of the well-connected system of roads and rails. The
Airforce station in suratgarh is about 15km from the city it strengthens the workforce and
commercial activity and also mechanical activities. The workforce is related to gardening,
Sweepers, maids and contract bases work.

1.1.2 Local Planning Area

Problems
The south-west wind in the month of May and June with an average speed of 12km/hr creates
Problem in driving from village to city. It can lead to accidents on the way. It also affects the

6
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
income of the commuters and vendors. Due to sand storms and heat waves they cannot go out for
their work at that time. Nearly 50% of the area under LPA is desert due to which growth of the
area decreases and the land can‟t be utilized for various purposes.
Population in the west, south and south-east direction is less as compare to north side due to low
production of agricultural goods because of sandy soil of desert. Growth rate of 3 villages in east
and 2 villages in west are below 12% which is lesser than the other villages result in slower
development of these areas which will create uneven development in the area. Work force is
above 2000 in the area where there is availability of agriculture land. Work force below 2000 is
in the desert area result in uneven development of the area. Literacy rate of LPA of Suratgarh is
52.2% as compared to the Suratgarh city which is 76% and to the LPA of Ganganagar which is
59%. It will decrease the growth of the area. There is only 1 village i.e. Sardargarh village is
have primary health centre, mainly all villages are dependent on Suratgarh city for health
facilities, safety and security. Connectivity of the city and villages in LPA are from private autos
and no government bus services. Autos and private vehicles are more convenient as compared to
government buses.
Potentials
Asia‟s largest “Krashi Kendra” in Suratgarh is planning to enhance the agricultural productivity
in the area. It will help in decreasing sand storm problem in the area. The city has Milk Chilling
center of Saras and one vegetable mandi which make this an important city for the nearby
villages to sale their product. There are 7 villages with population above 5000. Highest
population is of Bhagwansar(1 SGM). All these villages have high growth potential.
Villages on NH 62 have high growth as compare to other villages. 4 villages having growth rate
more than 18%. These villages are 8 SHPD, 7 SGM, Bhagwansar(1 SGM) and Manaksar. Work
force of LPA of suratgarh is 49.21% which is more when compared to LPA of Ganganagar
which is 42.4%. Although 52.2% literacy rate is there because of the educational infrastructure
of city and LPA that put an impact on the local people to get education and educate future
generation. Social infrastructure of city fulfills the requirement related to education, health,
security and services that are needed by the villages in the LPA region. There are 5 villages
which are directly connected with NH 62 and 2 villages with SH 94 which are having
connectivity with the city and ODR‟s of LPA. Road infrastructure in the area is well developed.

7
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
1.1.3 Physiography
Problems
Due to sand dunes in the south direction of the city so in this direction new development and
agriculture activities are not possible because the cutting and filling increase the cost of the
project. The sand dunes are about 30m high in the suratgarh area. Lack of sewerage network in
the city,100% of the city has open drains during the time of sand storms open drains filled with
sand and it is difficult for the locals to clean them. It leads to the problem related to waterlogging
and deteriorated the urban aesthetic of the city. Problem related to rainwater harvesting in the
city because there is no rainwater harvesting structure in the city to store the rainwater. There is a
lack of awareness among the residents regarding water conservation and also a lack of
appropriate structure for groundwater recharge.
Potentials
Though there are various problems, there are potential too. The proper utilization of those can
play an important role in future development. The slope of the city is gentle, it can be used for
more productive purposes like the construction of towers, complexes, residences, etc. to boost
the potentiality of the overrising population. The location of the sewerage treatment and water
treatment plant are as per the slop of the city. The location of industrial area is located as per the
wind direction. Surathgarh lies in two categories Irrigated alluvial Sierozem soil and Aeolian
sandy soil. 843-acre area of the Municipality lies in Aeolian sandy soil and a 2491-acre area lies
in Irrigated Alluvial Sierozem Soil. Sierozem soil is good fertility with proper irrigation and the
requirement of the water is overcome from the INDIRA Gandhi canal because it is the main
source of water in the region for the irrigation in agriculture field. Indira Gandhi canal passes
through the southern direction of the city so It has the potential for the city. There is the great
potential for solar energy in suratgarh because the climate conditions of the area make it ideal for
capturing the solar rays‟ insufficiency. The climate of the suratgarh is the semi-arid Thar Desert.
These climatic specialties make it suitable to receive almost 300-325 sunny days in a year.

1.1.4 Historical Evolution

Problems
The fort is abandoned which is the origin of the city and is not in use for any other purpose as no
conservation and maintenance is done by the local bodies due to which tourist inflow is 300-400

8
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
as it was the only heritage building which can shows the historical importance of the city.
Development direction was towards south and east side of fort which is 10% out of 3334 acres
because in north direction, there is flood prone area of river ghaggar which is 10% which
impacted 20% of population out of 15000 at that time due to flood.
Due to organic growth of the town, there is incompatible landuse in the town which is 1.5% out
of the total mc area i.e. 3334 acres. As a result, 96% industries out of 113 are located within the
residential area and near to school or colleges. Also 50% out of 24, schools and colleges are
located within the residential area which creates nuisance during the peak hours. No norms and
standards are followed and no physiographic analysis is done by the authority and RIICO due to
which the industries which are of orange category (3% out of 113) are located on south-east
which against the wind direction(south-west and north-west) and no buffer is present around the
industries which affects the 50% of population.
Before 1900, there was no connectivity through railways and buses due to which no development
was made in terms of physical connectivity with other towns. As a result, city was growing at
very slow rate and also population was very less which is 2157. Between 1800-1850, people
lives around the fort as the core area of the city because it was the only resource of living and
now in that core area, 2% houses are in bad condition and 33% houses which are more prone to
disasters.
Earlier, there was no concept of sewerage pipelines and now proposal came late so there is 100%
open sewerage system in the city which leads to health issues like water borne and air borne
diseases affecting 80% population. Due to the organic growth of city, no skyline is maintained as
the building height is more than permissible height i.e. 56 feet. As a result, rise buildings are
more prone to natural disasters affecting 20% population of the city.
Potentials
The city has wider roads i.e. from 19m-22m including the inner streets and core part ranging
from 5m to 7m due to which congestion is less and free flow movement of vehicles is present.
Industries are present in the city and in local planning area which generates employment and
contributes in the economy and can generate more workforce in the future. Having physical and
economical connectivity through railways and buses as there is import and export of goods, the
city has potential to grow in future.

9
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Having mechanical agriculture farm, the city can be developed at high rate through agriculture
activities as the machines makes the work quick and easy. The schools and colleges were made
one after another which leads to high literacy rate i.e. 75.68%. The local markets were made to
meet the basic needs and for the economic growth of the city. Also the market is located on
23.5m ROW road which is accessible to all.

1.1.5 Existing Landuse

Problems
The quality of life in any area depends on the availability and accessibility to the civic amenities
linked with the expansion of land use. Their provisions are linked with the physical expansion
and integration with emerging land use paramount. To achieve this objective regulated
development in a compact shape is essential. Efforts are not done by Government to promote
Industries in the city because there is only 3% area of the total M.C. area is industrial which is
not adequate as per the URDPFI guidelines. Most of the residents living in the core city do not
have much access to the open spaces/parks at the community level and are accordingly required
to travel a longer distance to such areas. There is only one major park, Indira Park which is
located away from residential land use. There is only 1% of the area is in the Open spaces
category. Encroachment in commercial is which leads to decreasing the road width.
Compatibility of land Uses is essential for the urban eco-system which is lacking in the city.
There are some areas in Suratgarh city that show incompatibility with each other. The location of
the gaushala in the center of the city the petrol pump in the commercial area creates the problem.
Within the Planning area of Suratgarh, the land uses are intermingled with each other such as
truck stands within a residential area, gaushala in a residential area, and no distance between two
petrol pumps is maintained, etc. creating imbalances in the urban eco-system.
Potentials
Apart from the 50 acres the rest of the area is compatible with land use creating less and
negligible risk. Medical and health care facilities are available for immediate treatment in case of
emergency and adequate Residential and Commercial is available according to the URDPFI
guidelines. The location of the Grain market and the location of the bus stand is compatible. The
location of those land-use does not affect the main commercial area and core city. The local
street within the city is 5-7meter wider in the core city problems regarding traffic congestion are

10
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
nothing. The location of the STP and WTP is as per the slope of the earth‟s surface. The slope of
the city is south-west to north-west so the location of the treatment plant is in the north-west
direction and the new water treatment plant is located in the south-east direction. Most of the
govt. offices along the Bikaner Road which is easy to excess for the public. Two times cleaning
in the commercial area one in the morning and the second at night. 850-acre land is available for
future development.

1.1.6 Demography and Socio-Economic

Problems
In the core of the town i.e. the old area of the town, the population density is high i.e. 121 PP
acre, 122 PP acre, 128 PP acre such as in ward no. 43, 18, 19 due to their mixed land use nature
as there is more infrastructure in old area like commercial market, fort etc. This causes attraction
of people towards these areas which leads to congestion as population. This even leads to higher
land values.
Increasing decadal growth rate of the town i.e. around 19.24 % from 14.34% according to the
census 2021 decreases the chance of controlled development as the population is increasing i.e.
from 70536 in 2011 to 84110 in 2021. This leads to unavailability of the resources. Working
population is less i.e. only 49% which shows the less employment structure of the town as
population has increased to 49% only from 45% in 2011. This lead to people migrating to
surrounding cities with better working opportunities and has even increased the dependency ratio
i.e. 51%.
Potentials
The sex ratio of the town i.e. 900 is more which is a positive point as societal practices like
female foeticide has reduced showing that the education infrastructure is strong giving
opportunity to women in the society. This has lead to the presence of women as a senior office in
each important department. Improved literacy rate i.e. 75.68 % cam contribute to economic
growth, reduce poverty, reduce crime, promote democracy and increase civic engagement as the
literacy rate of Municipal area which is 75.68% is more than state and District which is 66.11%
and 69.64% respectively. This shows the changes in the perspective regarding the original ethnic
practices and improvement in literacy and working composition is proving to be fruitful.
Therefore contributing as maximum in state's literacy.

11
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
1.1.7 Housing
Problems
More than 18% of wards have a population density of more than 18. Because there are new
establishes colonies in 30% of the wards, the density is less than 3. 18.19.34.41 and 43 are the
crucial wards because there is an old city and no more construction space. The city is expanding
around the fort, and the area is becoming increasingly congested. Because the city's centre is
congested, growth has shifted to the outskirts, and the peripheral area has begun to expand. On a
little plot of land, there was an organic and spontaneous development. As a result, the living
environment is poor, and there is traffic congestion. Congestion in residential buildings, as well
as a lack of light and ventilation. There aren't enough green and open spaces. Drainage and storm
water management are key concerns in densely populated areas.
In fort area, the housing age is more than even 100 due to its historical significance. The Old
Residence are found to be located in Ward Number 40, 41,43,30,28. The Medium aged
Residences are located in Ward Number 2.3.25.24, 15,17. The maximum number of house falls
under age between of 20-40 and also there few house which- is more than 40 age fall under the
obsolesce factor but it lies mainly in the core area of the city. As a result, the living environment
is poor, and there is traffic congestion. Congestion in residential buildings, as well as a lack of
light and ventilation. There aren't enough green and open spaces.

There are more than 62 housing shortages in 8 wards. There is a housing deficit in 35 wards,
ranging from 36 to 61. The critical wards are 3, 5, 9, 25.26.27.30.42, respectively. The rate of
population growth has increased. Land is expensive and out of reach for the EWS and LIG. The
government is failing to provide adequate housing for the people. People can no longer afford
rent, resulting in the growth of slums. Housing is in short supply.

Ward no. 1.30,40,5,18,19,12 is suffering from dilapidated housing condition which is 2%.38
wards which is 65% good and 33% moderate category which reflects that in these wards
sufficiently serving housing infrastructure is present and these wards are in good category which
shows the availability of sufficient housing infrastructure in these wards. The large number of
bad housing condition reflects the economic status of the people. Due to a lack of funds, the
houses are not properly maintained. Living conditions are poor.The sanitary and water supply
lines, as well as electrical and wiring installations and other facilities, are in poor condition.

12
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
There are 5 slums in the ward i.e. 32, 33,37,03,04,01,35,36. 11% of the city population resides
in slums. All the slums are not notified slums. A total of 12329 people resided in the slums.
There is a lack of affordable housing in the industrial area and not to save the travel cost. There
are open drains which is making unhealthy condition. There is lack of access to sanitation
facilities and safe water sources, absence of waste collection systems, electricity supply and
drainage. There are present of community toilets but not maintained and bad in condition. These
toilets are not children friendly therefore children do open defecation on streets. There is lack of
paved roads, sidewalks and streetlights in slums. A slum that spoils the aesthetic condition of the
area.

Potentials
The availability of agricultural land and vacant land within the town can helping in the
decongestion of the inner wards' housing stock. Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojna has provided the
funds for improving the shortage in the city. If the city's housing potential is increased due to
the availability of unoccupied land in both the MC and the LPA, it will help to raise the city's
housing potential. If the infrastructure is supplied where it is needed, it will provide a good
opportunity to make high potential where it is low. By implementing slums schemes, the slums
must be upgraded to improve the living condition of the slums dewellers. Slums should be
eradicated and housing should be provided in outer area having low density and land price and
have access to all basic infrastructure.

1.1.8 Industry and Industrial Infrastructure

Problems
Currently 113 Industries are present in Suratgher and out of which 41% are Medium and reaming
59% fall under the category of Micro/Small. No major Industry is present in Suratgher. Thus the
industries are not a major part of Suratgarh. 60% workforce of the city is engaged in agricultural
practices, 20% workforce is employed by government of Rajasthan (mostly Teaching Related
professions) and out of remaining 20%, only 10% workforce is employed in Industrial area. The
RIICO industrial area was initially set up out side the town. However over, the years with the
population growth it's now almost in the center of the town.

13
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Potentials
45% people in Suratgher owns Agriculture land and prefer to keep themselves Engaged in
farming. If proper Education regarding Smart farming is provided to the locals. Then agriculture
can be converted into a profit making asset of the town.All of the industries in RIICO area is are
small scale and are WHITE or GREENA by providing industrial trains a trend of Micro level
Industries can be started in the Suratgher, and the current infrastructure favours Small industries
as well.Suratgarh RIICO compound is well build and well connected with roads, if current
Infrastructure Put into proper use it is Cable to accommodate more 100 small scale
industries(White)

1.1.9 Trade and Commerce

Problems
Encroachment in a commercial area leads to decreasing the road width by 2 to 2.5 m and
clogging of drains occurs due to encroachment over the drains by shopkeepers in commercial
areas not allowing regular cleaning and dumping solid waste in the open drains. This all happen
because no strict action taken by the municipality and no designated area given by the
municipality to the street vendors. Also encroachment by Electric poles in the residential and
commercial area in the city.
Informal activities are located near bus stand or railway station on higher hierarchy road i.e.
collector road. These activities attract more traffic than other landuse. 2-2.5m paved surface
along the carriageway of collector and local roads is encroached by informal sector. No
enforcement is taken local bodies to eliminate this problem by providing designated space for
them. No space for pedestrians to move as they move on roads. The risk of conflicts between
vehicles and pedestrians increases.
Unorganized growth in location and number of units occurs, thus leading to environmental
degradation. The failure to provide designated platforms for informal activities and no dumping
sites leads to the creation of sources at many strategic points, where the informal sector is the
highest concentration.
Informal sector results in the formation of overall shabby look of the area. Overloading of
available Infrastructure such as public conveniences, street furniture and other items that are
primarily intended for the formal sector, by the informal sector. It encourages severe child work,

14
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
which is prohibited and wastes the children's educational time. No hierarchy of job is defined
because the individual himself can be often seen performing smallest jobs. Temporary
constructions are more prone to fire and are less able to endure rain and wind, making them
dangerous. Encroachment and on-street parking are two key consequences of the informal
sector's concentration, which results in a loss in effective space.
Potential
Most of the population is engaged in commercial activities in Suratgarh which acts as a
potential for the employment for generation. A variety of government initiatives, such as
Maharashtra's Employment Guarantee Scheme for Horticulture Development and the
establishment of the National Horticulture Mission, provide opportunities to boost the
horticultural sector. It is a significant source of self-employment and contributes to the household
income. The required commodities or products are delivered right to your door. It is also known
as "affordability for all," because the Informal Sector caters to the lowest income strata.

1.1.10 Land Value and Land Ownership

Problems
More the variations in land value means improper distribution of resources. Land value is higher
in the centre which leads to establishment of more commercial areas in Suratgarh town. As a
result, problems like traffic congestion, on street parking, loading/unloading of goods will be
more in the central part of the town. Highest land value has a problem as the land is not
affordable in view of future development. As per Rajasthan Land Revenue Act, 1956, due to the
location of the Sewage Treatment Plant where the surrounding area was residential, the circle
rates has kept low in wards 42,43,49 i.e. Adarsh Colony which was covered 0.4692 Hectare of
land. This is the most vulnerable area in Suratgarh town as people facing major health issues
regarding water pollution. 58% land area was covered under more land value so in those areas
like area along Bikaner Road, Suratgarh-Ganganagar National Highway where it has more
commercial and government facilities, so there will be the less chance of future development in
those areas. By comparing DLC rates and Market value rates in Suratgarh, the market value rates
has varied in each ward depending on infrastructure facilities and surrounding conditions of that
area. The highest circle and market rates was observed in ward, 5,9,11,13,14,15,16 i.e. in range
of Rs. 2500 to 4500 sq.m which has covered 4.178 Hectare land area. Brick kiln Industry was

15
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
located on Northen side of town just near the MC boundary so, the land value near industry is
low as compared to other part of the area. As per the government records, the circle rates has
decreased since from 2011 to 2021 due to lack of infrastructure facilities, public utilities and
recreational spaces.
In Suratgarh, the land was owned by the private builders on the central part of the town where
basti area has settled. Private land is more so it is a problem for government to acquire land for
perspective plan as acquisition of a private land take more time. At the eastern part of the town
defence land has there so no development can take place on that land.

Potentials
The revenue generates due to presence of commercial area along the Bikaner road, Subhash
chawk, Indra chawk. The development will be more in the areas where land value is high and the
chance of development of the surrounding areas like area along STP and badopal road, area
towards National Highway will also be more. Land value is higher in the centre so there is a
chance of decentralization of activities which will put less pressure in the centre. Where there is
land value is low we can easily acquire the land with low compensation. Land value is low at the
outer periphery of the city area which can influence the investors to bring project in the city for
further growth.

The availability of vacant land has more i.e. 2.28 Hectare in the outer peripheral area of the town
near maneksar road and badopal road so, there will be the chances of development in the town by
giving some facilities to increase the quality life of the people.

1.1.11 Traffic and Transportation

Problems
Hierarchy of roads is not followed as arterial roads and sub-arterial roads are missing due to lack
of transportation planning and unplanned growth of the city due to which mobility of the
vehicles decreases as dual carriageway width of MDR is 18m and width of bikaner road is 15m
which is a local street. Road infrastructure like landscaping, street lights especially on NH 62 and
MDR 94, traffic signs and road marking are absent due to lack of strong implementation
strategies of the policy related to road infrastructure improvement which increases the chances of
accidents and crimes by 80% during night due to lack of street lights, noise and air pollution

16
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
from vehicles due to lack of landscaping and risky overtaking of vehicles due to absence of road
markings.
No truck terminal is present in the city as no proposal has been made to establish truck terminal
due to which trucks are parked at the intersections which reduces the road width upto 2m and
loading/unloading is done on road which creates little congestion. The bus stand does not have
designated parking space due to which the vehicles are parked on the approach road which is
already encroached by the formal shops due reducing the road width upto 2m creates congestion
with index of 0.4 means least congestion. On street parking problem is present on internal streets
and local road like badopal road due to commercial area as people are not aware about the
consequences of it despite having designated parking space which is easily accessible. As a
result, road width decreases upto 1m and leads to congestion on road with index of 0.3.
On the internal streets of the city, 37% of the total commercial is present which could accessible
to all that leads to on street parking problem and encroachment done by formal shops which
decreases the road width by 1.5m and creates little congestion with index of 0.2. 2-2.5m paved
surface along the carriageway of collector and local roads is encroached by informal sector with
encroachment index upto 14 as no enforcement is taken local bodies to eliminate this problem by
providing designated space for them which results in no space for pedestrians to move as they
move on roads and chances of vehicle-pedestrian conflict increases. On the collector road, 63%
commercial and 23% public/semi-public activities like bus stand or railway station are present
which creates low congestion upto 0.6 and during peak hours of educational institutes the
congestion index increases to 1.2 means moderate congestion. On the internal streets having 3-
4m width, 50% of the total schools are present as there is lack of landuse-transport integration
which leads to moderate congestion with index of 1.2.
Potentials
NH 62 and MDR 94 is passing in the city having ROW of 22m and 20m and the other roads are
wider from 15.5m to 23.5m which has higher carrying capacity according to their hierarchy and
free flow movement is present according to vehicles on the road. Also internal roads are wider
ranging from 5m to 7m due to which the congestion is v/c ratio and congestion is low on these
roads. No accident prone areas are present in the city as according to v/c ratio analysis, there is a
high level of physical and psychological comfort.

17
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Free flow movement of vehicles as v/c ratio is 0.4 and highest congestion index is 0.6 means
least congestion. 80% of roads are in good condition as there the road improvement projects are
on-going in the city. City has connectivity through bus stand and railway station with other cities
like amritsar, bhatinda, ganganagar, hanumangarh etc which leads to the strong economic
connectivity of the city. Auto rickshaws are present as public transport which serves in both in
mc limit as well as in local planning area.
3 designated parking space is provided by municipality to eliminate the problem of on street
parking. Authorized on street parking is present on collector road given by the local body by the
means of road marking. With the development of roads and road infrastructure, the population
increases with increase in other infrastructure. Industries are located on National Highway 62
and no loading/unloading is done on road and no on street parking of trucks is present. Hospitals
are located on the higher hierarchy road having ROW between 20-23m which increases the free
flow movement of vehicle in case of emergency. In case of disaster, the emergency vehicles can
reach even in the core area due sufficient road width i.e. 5-7m.

1.1.12 Physical Infrastructure

Problems
The per capita supply of water is 70 lpcd which is less as compared to the standards i.e. 135 lpcd
(URDPFI guidelines).people use limited water for their uses. Sewerage and drainage system are
combined in the town which creates the problem of health issues. The town has 100% open
drainage system , existence of which allows the mixing of garbage with drain water thus creating
overflow and spillage problem. The dead end pattern of sewerage present which do not have
enough capacity to cater the sewerage dispersal needs of town. 51% of the town area is not
covered by the sewerage network which creates a lot of problems during rainy season.
Landfill site is located near residential area which effect nearby peoples and there is not waste
collection daily from commercial areas. There is a no provision of collection of waste from
commercial area and also there is no provision of dustbins at public places due to which lumps of
garbage lie here and there which can cause various diseases. There is shortage of public toilets in
the commercial area and they lack maintenance which becomes another cause of diseases.
Presently there are 75 garbage collecting vehicles but according to URDPFI guidelines there is
18 vehicles shortage due to that there is a not waste collected from commercial areas daily.

18
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Potentials
There is an existing drain in the south west corner of the town and all the sewer lines are
connected to it. There are 11 overhead reservoir in the town which is sufficient to serve the water
in the case of development of the town and it also the meets the demand to supply. In
commercial area, near railway station streets are swept regularly in morning and at night. Under
Swachh Bharat Mission municipality is providing dustbins at public places in order to overcome
the shortage.

1.1.13 Social Infrastructure

Problems
There are 10 schools and 2 colleges in residential zone having an incompatible landuse. Their
users create disturbance in the residential area. Accessibility & connectivity to Din Dayal Rathi
Government Sr. Sec. School is from the main road. When school starts and at the time when it
gets over, users create disturbance on the road and affects the mobility of traffic on road. The
connectivity to the 5 hospitals is very narrow nearly about 20ft. It creates inconvenience on the
road for the patients and people passing from there. No parking facilities in these 5 hospitals.
Vehicles are parked on the road which covers 50% of the road. There are 4 hospitals in
residential zone and 1 is in industrial zone having an incompatible landuse. Zero setback in 6
hospitals which are on the narrow streets. It decreases the aesthetic of that area.
The connectivity to the Jameshwar temple is through 20ft narrow streets. People face
inconvenience while reaching on the location. There is no parking facility in the surrounding of
the temple, 10% of the road is covered due to on road parking. All Libraries have no parking
facilities and users park their vehicle road. The Indira Park is near to industrial and commercial
zone, away from residential zone on the NH 62, decreases its usability and increases its
maintenance. A milk parlour at Indira Circle on NH 62 becomes a risk zone due to heavy
movement of traffic.
Potentials
Distribution of both private and government secondary schools within the city are satisfactory.
Total 17 senior secondary schools are there in the city. This amount is surplus and is enough for
future population requirement. There are 7 colleges for P.G., B.Ed., science, commerce and arts

19
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
courses within the M.C. boundary. As per the URDPFI Guidelines, educational requirements are
also fulfilled while considering amenities for 25% additional population.
There are total 10 major hospitals and 1 Trauma centre in the city. This amount is surplus and is
enough for future population requirement. Government and Private both are having good
infrastructure. It will create a positive atmosphere in and around the hospital. CHC in having 8 to
10 doctors and on an average each doctor meets 40 to 50 patients per day from nearby villages
and also from the areas which are at longer distance. It will decrease the health problems in the
region and increase the progress of the people. As per the URDPFI Guidelines, health
requirements are also fulfilled while considering amenities for 25% additional population.
Feasible area of CHC covers the whole M.C. boundary.

There are total 20 private libraries for the students to study. It enhances the education in the city.
There is a multipurpose community hall near to the stadium which is used by the students
practicing for sports. Quality of socio-cultural facilities is above average as it is regularly
maintained by the community. The safety services in the city are good and fulfill the need of the
city and the area nearby 20 to 30 km. The milk parlours are well distributed in the city and are on
approachable distance of 300m to 800m for the people.

1.1.14 Urban Design and Morphology

Problems
The skyline of the city is not uniform which deteriorates aesthetics of the city and no building
bye laws are implemented as such.
Skyline is not maintained as the building height is more than permissible height i.e. 56 feet. Due
to inorganic growth of the city, building bye laws are not followed. High Rise buildings are more
prone to natural disasters affecting 20% population of city.
The landmarks are in dilapidated condition and even the basic amenities like toilet facility are
not present over there. No programme or policy maintains the landmarks under this framework.
Due to lack of funds and monitoring by the concerned authorities the architectural buildings are
not preserved or maintained and thus no historic glance can be seen in the city.
Potentials
The existing city doesn‟t have any potential in current situation but in future, the strengths can be
used to improve the potentials.
20
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
1.1.15 Tourism
Problems
In addition, all of the issues that have been identified in the city are listed here. The lack of
cleanliness is the most serious issue that has been seen throughout the area. The fort's
infrastructure, such as the approach road and drainage, is in poor condition. Various tourist
attractions have been noted, as well as the itineraries of public and private vehicles that operate
on these roads. Tourists can stay in hotels and accommodations in close vicinity to these temples.
The temples at Suratgarh are well-kept, with clean surroundings and enough drinking water, as
well as accommodations. A key shortcoming is the lack of transit connectivity. Only automobiles
are accessible for short trips. The routes are not served by city buses. The area is primarily
lacking owing to the lack of dustbins at various locations where rubbish is generated. In
Suratgarh, no plan for heritage and tourism has been presented. CSF is no longer in working due
to the old machines and lack of maintains. Central State Farm and Museum, is an integral part of
the post independent history of India. However due to remote location, not much people knows
about it
Potentials
Central State Farm And Museum, is a integral part of the post independent history of India.
Central State Farm, Suratgarh largest mechanised Farm in South East Asia. It has Russian
Machinery Museum. Central State Farm And Museum is now under the control of national seed
corporation and they are in the process of turning CSF a national agriculture Museum. If
promoted in a right way, CSF can help to boost the Suratgarh economy

1.1.16 Conservation and Heritage

Problems
No major heritage structure is present in Suratgarh, Suratgarh is a new settlement. Therefore It
dose not have any significant heritage components in it. There is a fort called Sodhal Fort and it
was build by the 1st king of Suratgarh. However, the fort is in poor condition. Therefore almost
no visitors observed in the heritage site (Sodhal fort)
Potentials
Suratgher is a new settlement. Therefore It dose not have any significant heritage components in
it. There is only one Fort ( Sodhal Fort, which recently got sold) which is also in poor condition

21
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
as it dose not have any significant value. Therefore, it is not well known among the region. So
the potential to covert this establishing this place as heritage recreational site is very less.

1.1.17 Energy and Environment

Potentials
Environment
The areas with good living environment have higher land values. The ratio of 2020 values is 0.4
less than 1, which shows that the main source here is mobile sources. This is a matter of concern
for future development and should be addressed. The ground water level in the town is around 25
to 30 feet which is good for plantation so, there would be scope for more plantation in the town
to reduce the air pollution and emission levels which causes health issues. Afforestation should
be promoted as buffer along the road.
The potential for the city this is in starting phase we can easily control it we can promote deep
ecology concept with development. Due to the location of Ghaggar drain beds in the north of the
city and large sand dunes in the south, the development of the town has been in the east and west
directions. Small and medium scale industries do not cause any pollution. Small and medium
scale industries do not cause any pollution. Industries have been located according to the wind
direction.
Energy
In the future only bikaner road, Ashok nagar and Badopal road will serve the population of the
city and also serve at the time of the connection will increase in the future. Electricity poles
along the road are not in ashok nagar area which was unauthorized area in the town these areas.
Industries have been located according to the wind direction. More electricity is consumed in
Municipality area tends to increase opportunity of solar energy in those areas.
Problems
Environment
In Suratgarh town, though it is mandatory to have digital monitoring of air quality on daily basis,
it is done once in a month. Air pollution is causing severe damage to the environment. As
increase SPM level may cause respiratory diseases. The major sources would be the high
vehicular pollution owing to the presence of NH, dust and emissions from burning waste. The
level of SPM is found quite high in some of the areas (i.e subhash Chawk, Indra Chawk) within

22
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
the city as more vehicular traffic is observed in this area. The reason for high particulate matter
can be dust, small scale industries resuspension of traffic dust ,commercial and domestic use of
fuel etc. and the AQI for the Suratgarh is 142 which is unhealthy for sensitive groups of people.
General public & sensitive individuals in particular are at risk to experience irritation and
respiratory problems. By visiting Govt Hospital of Suratgarh, it is observed that the most of the
patients are suffering from respiratory health issues like aesthama, skin disease, etc.
Clogging of drains occurs due to encroachment over the drains by shopkeepers in commercial
areas because of inaction by the council. Roadside tree plantation is seen absent at many
locations resulting into failure in controlling the level of air pollution. Sewerage and drainage
system are combined in the town which creates the problem of health issues. 51% of the town
area is not covered by the sewerage network which creates a lot of problems during rainy season.
No provision of collection of waste from commercial area & shortage of toilets in the
commercial area leading to diseases. Landfill site is located near residential area which effect
nearby people.
As per the CPCB standards, the SO2 level is moderate in the city i.e. 4.43 ppb. This may be due
to use of LPG instead of coal as fuel. The high levels of RSPM Values are owing to dust,
vehicular emissions, industrial emission and burning of waste. It is due to the less vegetation area
throughout the town. Mobile Sources have high CO and NOx values, while Point Sources have
high SO2 and NOx. Thus, a higher (positive) SO2/ Nox ratio would indicate mobile sources as
the major contributors, and a low value would point towards point sources.
Lack of vegetation along the National Highway, Railway Line and around the Industrial Area,
which are sources of pollution in the Vidisha city. There are only four parks are present in the
city. There is no existing hierarchy of the green spaces in the city. No plantation strip was found
as a buffer along the high tension line in the wards 43,42,41 which is nearer to STP. In Suratgarh
recreational land use is 1.24% which is very less according to URDPFI guidelines which should
be 18-20 %.
The pond generated due to open drain system throughout the town is grossly contaminated by the
inflow of waste water and shows high levels of organic matter associated with coliform bacteria
etc. The gradual accumulation of nutrients involving increased productivity and decrease
biological diversity is responsible for deterioration of water quality.

23
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
The main sources of noise pollution in Suratgarh are broadly classified as Vehicular noise and
some amount of industrial noise, high vehicular movements such as car, motor, truck, train,
tempo, motor cycle, trains, and presence of NH. The permitted noise level is 125 decibels as per
the Environment Protection Rules 1999. On the basis of the data we can conclude that Noise
levels in most locations slightly exceeds the standard value in residential During primary survey,
it is observed that the land values are varying in areas where noise pollution level is more.
The landmarks are in dilapidated condition leading to creation of visual pollution.
Building materials used are not eco- friendly which affects living environment. The soil being
alluvial and the terrain undulating, water logging is more leading to health hazards. The town has
253 houses in dilapidated condition affecting the living environment. Industries have been
located according to the wind direction. Though it is mandatory to have digital monitoring of air
quality on daily basis, it is done once in a month.
Energy
Lack of electricity network as some part of the town as per the guidelines. There was the
shortage of two 11 KV sub stations in the town. The arrangement of electric poles and
transformers has very close to the residential area. There will be the chances of accident in such
areas like Bikaner road, Dhan mandi area. There has huge shortage of solar energy generation.
No solar park has there as the city has more vacant land. Solar energy is not tapped to its fullest
extent thereby much load on conventional energy. Land under high tension line is occupied by
unauthorized development endangering the safety. Because of 220 KV grid substation, the land
along the National highway and NH 62 have not much rise in its value compared to the lands in
core central area of the town. As climate is best suitable for generation of solar energy or solar
parks as per Rajasthan Solar Energy Policy, 2019.

1.1.18 Disaster Management

Problems
There are 2 petrol pumps close to each other in front of school, due to negligence of
municipality, made it a fire risk zone. Critical areas in the city are ward no. 22, 29, 30, 32, 41
and some parts of ward no. 20, 31, 37, 39 and 40 contains 17% population of the city. Shops
within the city like mattress shops, furniture shops etc which are on narrow streets can damage
the nearby area if catches fire. Electric wires and poles on the road can lead to accidents. No

24
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
setback of the buildings leads to placing of the poles on the road. Cylinder blasts cases in the city
due to lack of awareness and knowledge in the people and areas having narrow streets can affect
nearby population more as compare to broad streets.
Potentials
There is a fire station in the city and it is having well equipped vehicles. The fire station has
feasible area in 5-7 km radius as per URDPFI which covers the whole Suratgarh city. There are
19 CCTV cameras all around the city to monitor movements going on in the city. Hospital
facilities are good in the city. Apex hospital is having facility to deal with patients affected from
fire hazard. There is a “State Disaster Management Policy, 2014” with a vision of “A paradigm
shift, from the traditional relief centric approach to a proactive prevention, mitigation and
preparedness-driven approach by capacity building of all stakeholders and mainstreaming
Disaster Management (DM) into developmental plans & programs to make Rajasthan a disaster
resilient state.”

1.1.19 Legal, Financial and Administrative

Potentials
Possibility of undertaking comprehenssive planning exercise need to be explored in light of
Thermal Power Plant & Central Krishi Farm.
Problems
Rajasthan Municipality Act, 2009
The problem of this act is in this town that, there is a lack of safai Majdoor. The workers
employed are not dedicated to their job and there is also lack of sincerlty in them. So there is no
regulation of the act. The provision of this act is constructs and maintains the roads. But the
conditions of roads are not satisfactory in some areas and also there is no proper maintenance of
the road. Solid waste placed on the road. Most of roads are broken. It creates problem like
movement of traffic and people.The provision of this act is constructs and maintains the
drainage. But the condition of drainage is not good. Most of the drainage is clogged with
garbage, plastic bag, house hold waste age and waste material and it creates problem like foul
small and it attracts diseases and unhygienic condition. There are open drainage systems. The
open drains run through residential areas causing unhygienic conditions, creating foul smell, and

25
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
forming a breeding place for mosquitoes and various diseases. The garbage is dumped in these
drains by the residents leading to the clogging of drains.

The provision of this act is to carry the solid waste. But solid waste is not carried by
Municipality due to which large heaps of garbage are collected on the road sides and there is a of
cleanliness. It creates foul smell and attracts diseases caused by fly and mosquito and disturbs the
beauty of the city. The provision of this act is providing more open spaces for roads and parks.
Municipality provided the open spaces for parks but in reality these open spaces are not meet the
requirement of the city and hence quality life of people has not increased. The provision of this
act is Maintains streets by removing garbage from the street. But the condition of the street is not
good in some places. The garbage is placed on the street. The garbage taken from the open
drainage system is lying here and there in the streets. Even the local people throw their
household wastes in the street. Due to which the movement of vehicle as well as human beings
becomes difficult. It leads to unhealthy conditions. These heaps of garbage attracts mosquito and
flies etc. which in turn give birth to many disease.

The provision of this act is Parking lots and public conveniences. But parking lots are not
provided in some areas in core town. On street parking is there and it creates problem. It reduces
the space for movement of vehicle. The vehicle may not be properly parked and there is
congestion of vehicle on the road. The road remains over crowded throughout the day. It is
provided by the municipality in the market but the condition of public conveniences is not good.
There is no proper maintenance and lack of cleanliness. It creates foul smell. It has been
constructed near the market but is in bad condition. The provision of this act is Sanitation.
Sanitation includes the drainage, drain, sewage disposal and sewer. Most of the drains are
clogged with garbage, plastic bags and waste material thrown by the people from their houses
which produces litter smell and attracts diseases caused by fly and mosquito and disturbs the
beauty of the city. The garbage is dumped in these drains by the residents leading to the clogging
of drains.

The provision of this act is slum improvement and up gradation. But in reality Municipality has
not improved the slum areas. There is no improvement in slum areas. People live in dirty
conditions. There is unhealthy condition which may adversely affect their health. It degrades the

26
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
environment. It creates foul smell and attracts diseases caused by fly and mosquito and disturbs
the beauty of the city. The provision of this act is Regulation of land use. The provision of this
act is not followed by the people. There is no regulation of land use in this city. There is
violation of rules and regulation. Encroachment is there. Unauthorized constructions are
observed at some extent in the city mainly in basti areas. It creates the problem in law and order
in the city.
Water (Prevention And Control Of Pollution) Act, 1974
The problem of this act is that the local do not care the water in this city. As all type of wastes
are thrown in bhuda nalla such as Sewerage waste, industrial waste, solid waste, plastic bag so
there is water pollution. Every type of waste can be easily seen their which ultimately pollute the
river water. It is not fit for any purpose.
The provision of this act is Ensure that no poisonous, noxious or polluting matters enter into any
stream or well or sewer or on land. Prohibition on use of stream or well for disposal of polluting
matter, etc. This provision is not implemented in this city. As all type of wastes are thrown in
Ludhiana such as Sewerage waste, industrial waste, solid waste, plastic bag, garbage and every
type of waste can be easily seen their which ultimately pollute the river water.
Air (Prevention And Control Of Pollution) Act, 1981
The provision of this act is to Plan a Comprehensive Programme for the prevention, control or
abatement of air pollution and to secure the execution thereof. This provision is partially
implemented in this city. The industries are following the standards as per the norms the amount
pollution is under control but the pollution created by the vehicles and an especially the foul
smell created by the paper mile in Ludhiana is in satisfactory. No special measures are taken to
control it. No comprehensive programme is there to control the foul smell. This smell pollutes
the air to some extent which may increase to the highest point in the future if not controlled.
The Environment Protection Act,1986
The problem of this act is the local people do not care the environment in this city. The provision
of this act is followed. But environment pollution is there. The pollution created by the vehicles.
These degrade the environment. In this act there is a no special measures are taken to control it.
Administrative and Finance
Reforms regarding land administration and transfer of land and property are not yet done. There
is pace of physical infrastructure development works like Sewer lines, drainage lines, solid waste

27
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
processing plant is hampered due to lack of timely availability of funds. There is no guidelines
for proper upkeep of landmarks. Lack of system for monitoring Implementation of all applicable
acts. There is no local unit is present for disaster management in Suratgarh town. Lack of system
for monitoring implementation of all schemes, projects and policies like Rajasthan Solar
Policy,2019 & National Solar Policy. Four seats are vacant in municipality of various
departments. Single person is handling more than one department, it increases work pressure and
hence quality of work is not maintained. There is huge difference is seen in the budget and actual
finance. Less funds are available in Suratgarh municipality as compared to budget 2021-22
1.2 SWOC
1.2.1 Strength
Suratgarh is well connected through road network. The city has connected with NH 62, NH 94
and ODR‟s, through these highways the city is well connected with the Shri Ganganagar,
Hanumangarh and Bikaner. The width of the roads is wider i.e., from 19m to 22m including the
inner streets and core part ranging from 5m to 7m. Accessibility to each and every house through
the road network and roads are properly access to all facilities and services. Traffice volume is
less in the city as it is least congested city dure to higher road width including the core area of the
city.

There is a thermal Plant in the region which attracts the workers and labors. and first-time China
based techniques are used in this Thermal plant which is new and innovative. City has also good
Connectivity through rail network. The city has rail connectivity to the major cities like Abohar,
Bhavnagar, Udampur, Jammu Tawi, Kota, Jhalawar, Rishikesh, Bikaner, Kochvali, Hazur Sahib
Nanded, Surat, Mumbai, Pune, Haridwar. Work force of LPA is 49.21% attracts development of
industrial infrastructure. Milk, vegetable etc form LPA and the market of city used by LPA
population generate economy.

In the north side of the city the soil is very fertile, therefore many of the crops are grown in the
city on commercial level and the water requirement of the agriculture is overcome from the
Indira Gandhi canal which passes through the tehsil and is good for the agriculture activities.
Due to the presence of a gentle slope, it is easy to develop the city in a planned manner. Average
temperature of the city is 25°c. It is good for solar system. There is 17 Schools and 7 colleges in
the city which increases the literacy rate of the city. Industries and the commercial area has

28
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
increased the workforce which leads to the economic growth of the city. There is very low (50
acres) in-compatible land use which may harm the nearest land use in previous years. The main
industrial area is in the outer part of the city and does not affect the localities. Commercial area is
easily accessible for those wards located on another side of the railway through the underpass
and the bridge. 63% of the total commercial area is present on the Collector Road. The location
of the Grain market is near to the Indira Circle and it does not affect the city residents while
importing and exporting.

Public and Semi-Public facilities like Hospital, Police stations, Bus-Stand, Govt. Offices,
Railways Station are present on higher hierarchy road which passes though the center of the city.
All the govt, offices are close to each other and easy to excess. The literacy rate is overall good
in town which is 76% and sex ratio of the town is 900 which is a positive point showing that the
education system is strong giving opportunity to women in the society. The main working
population is more than the marginal working population which means that the people in the
town are fully employed and the city growth is going well. Housing has good access to various
land uses such as commercial and semi-public activities, bus terminals, and recreational areas
and the village near to the MC limit has the highest no. of House hold can later convert into
towns on the basis of population.

42, 6,7,8,10 wards have a decent living environment, with a low congestion score and more open
space nearby. The industries do not cause any pollution as most of them are categorized under
„Green Industries‟ and „White Industry‟. The location of the industries is also in the wind flow
direction. Suratgarh RIICO is well planned and majority of industrial area come under RIICO. it
has sound infrastructure and wide roads. In 1956 Central State Farm the largest mechanised
Farm in South East Asia got established in Suratgarh. It has Russian Machinery Museum. It can
be used to promote agro based industries in Suratgarh Adequate commercial areas as per
URDPFI i.e. 6%. There is interaction with other towns because of mandi and specialized
markets. Because the town is smaller, each ward is easily accessible to commerce activity.
Provision of parking for shopkeepers and consumers.

The presence of local market in the town tend large no. of people reside near to it. Density of
Housing is more in the core area where the land values are comparatively more and it is less in
outer area where the land values are comparatively less. Commercial properties in the core of the
29
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
town have high values due to the availaibility of infrastructure facilities. Many infrastructures
work in the town are underway/ proposed under Swachh Bharat Mission and PMAY which will
have an impact on land values. Railway station and bus stand is centrally located so it is easily
accessible to all residents and creates physical and economic connectivity with other cities.
Designated surface parking space is provided to eliminate the problem of on street parking,
congestion and speed and delay, authorized on-street parking is provided along the commercial
and public/semi-public activities.

There are no accident-prone areas due to physical and psychological comfort of the driver due to
less congestion. The water supply network of the city is 100% covered. 2 water treatment plant is
available in town and STP is present in the city to treat the wastewater and output they are using
in the farming also. Provision of door to door solid waste collection. The Surplus social facilities
and its distribution serves the total population of the city and LPA. Hospital and medical
business increase the economy of the city. Manaksar Tibbe is the one of the most popular picnic
spot in this city and it is also a part of the Thar Desert. It is located along the State highway 97.

Suratgarh Fort is a ruined fort and it was built in the 17th Century by Maharaja Surat Singh Ji of
Bikaner. This fort ha s unique history behind destroyed this fort by Mughal Empire and it is
located in the middle of this city. Central State Farm have glories history and it‟s a place from
where the journey of India's Green revaluation started. Fire station in the city with well equipped
vehicles. The fire station has feasible area in 5-7 km radius as per URDPFI which covers the
whole Suratgarh city.

1.2.2 Weakness
There is lack of public airport in 100 Km region, traveler has to visit Bikaner to avail airport
facilities. For availing diversified facilities one has to district headquarter i.e., Shri Ganganagar.
Nearly 50% of the area under LPA is desert affects the development of the area. Land value at
periphery of city, on the edge of NH 62, SH 94 and ODR's are more as compare to the other
areas in LPA. Various problem like water logging, dampness etc. are prevalent in the rainy
season and there is no infrastructure for rainwater harvesting in low laying areas. Sand dunes in
the south part of the city, so the development of the city is constraint in this direction. The

30
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
heritage fort was once the main nuclei of the city but in present time the condition of the fort is
abandoned due to lack of conservation and maintained of the fort.

No sewerage system was present and 100% open drains are there creating pollution and health
problems. The recreational area is very less in the city i.e. only 1%. Even the presence of a
parking facility in the commercial area the people less use of it as they park their vehicle along
the road due to which road width decreased. 63% commercial and 23% major public& Semi-
Public activities like bus stand or railway station are present on higher hierarchy road i.e.,
collector road these activities attract more traffic than other land use. The location of dumping
sites is in the core part of the city which will affect the local residents and lead to the diseases
like dengue, malaria, etc and in the older part of the city where the density of housing is high and
electric wiring problem is very high. Electric poles encroach the road width and the animals
sitting around these poles and the height of the Transformer is near the ground level which leads
to the disaster and risk in the area. Old house structures are deteriorating, which may have an
impact on the surrounding region or residential unit. In the urban periphery and village
settlements, the rate of unauthorized developments and illegal land subdivisions is on the rise.

Housing shortage due to population growth rate. Noise pollution is high in residential areas.
Even though there are many industries and factories in Suratgarh, Due to its geographical
location & small size, the town doesn't have major industry many people still find their
household income through agricultural activities. In Suratgarh MC & LPA. providing
employment to just 1162 people. which is quite less if compared it with the total population.
Absence of footpath and illegal encroachment by street vendors on main stretch due to which
people walk on the road and their safety is less & occurrence of accidents. Insufficient public
dustbins the commercial area and no daily solid waste collection are there. Industrial workers
reside in the area near Sewage Treatment Plant where the land value are less. Considerable
variation in DLC rates and actual market rates in case of commercial properties lead to loss of
Govt revenue. No designated space for informal sector, creating encroachment by informal
sector and reducing space for pedestrians to move. There are some missing cross-sectional
elements along with width according to IRC codes, and no landscaping is done on all major
roads creating air and noise pollution

31
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Unauthorized on street parking is present on internal streets where commercial activities are
present which reduces the road width and creates little congestion. Roadside infrastructure is
absent like street lights, speed breakers, traffic signs on few roads only. Trucks are parked at
intersections thus reducing the road width due absence of truck terminal in the town. No separate
parking space is provided in bus stand. 70 lpcd water is supplied in the town. No sewerage
connections in the outer wards of the city. There is no solid waste management plant for recycle
solid waste. No segregation while collecting the waste and no daily collection due to which many
of population throw their waste on road itself. No parking facilities near private schools and
hospitals leads to coverage of road by vehicles. Open drainage outside the education institutes
makes unhealthy atmosphere.

Two petrol pumps close to each other in front of school made it a fire risk zone. Building
byelaws are not implemented. No glimpse of historic elements of town which displays poor
image of the city. Due to visual pollution on many of the nodes edges and landmarks detroiting
the aesthetic value of the town. There is historic fort which is abounded at present time. Income
of trade and commerce from tourism is less. Moderate land value around the abounded fort.
There is no availability of portable water and no provision for public toilets. There is less
awareness about tourism sites of Suratgarh city, which creates less opportunities. The
surrounding places of fort and picnic spot are not kept clean. Garbage can be seen all around
these sites which creates unhygienic conditions.

Suratgarh is relatively a new settlement that‟s why does not have any heritage site present over
there. There is a fort called Sodhal Fort and recently it got sold to a private firm by local
government and it is in very poor condition. The remote location of CSF making it difficult to
promote it as a revenue generating asset of Suratgarh. No parking facilities near private schools
and hospitals leads to coverage of road by vehicles. Open drainage outside the education
institutes makes unhealthy atmosphere. Two petrol pumps close to each other in front of school
made it a fire risk zone. Building byelaws are not implemented. No glimpse of historic elements
of town which displays poor image of the city. Due to visual pollution on many of the node‟s
edges and landmarks detroiting the aesthetic value of the town. There is historic fort which is
abounded at present time. Income of trade and commerce from tourism is less.

32
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Moderate land value around the abounded fort. There is no availability of portable water and no
provision for public toilets. There is less awareness about tourism sites of Suratgarh city, which
creates less opportunities. The surrounding places of fort and picnic spot are not kept clean.
Garbage can be seen all around these sites which creates unhygienic conditions. Suratgarh is
relatively a new settlement that‟s why does not have any heritage site present over there. There is
a fort called Sodhal Fort and recently it got sold to a private firm by local government and it is in
very poor condition.

1.2.3 Opportunity
Major source of employment activity lies for thermal power plant. Suratgarh has one of the
cleanest railway station among other in Rajasthan, connecting various parts of India. Sand Dunes
in desert region attract the tourists. High potential of solar energy plants for the generation of
electricity. “Krashi Kendra” in Suratgarh is enhance the agricultural productivity in the area. Due
to various spots which are low lying in the town the development at those places is to be
regulated or those sites can be preserved as natural rainwater percolation grounds. With increase
the irrigation facilities from the Indira Gandhi canal we can increase the agricultural productivity
because there are 60 % of alluvial sierozem soil in the district.

Manaksar tibbe has the potential to promote tourism and providing tourism infrastructure. The
wider roads have potential to carry more traffic volume without any congestion and its geometric
design can be changed. There will be closed drainage and sewerage system for the betterment of
the people and environment. There are chances to revive the historical importance of city
through fort. On vacant land and government land activities should be proposed to decongest the
area. Activities like parking etc. Zoning should be done to control the development. 850-acre
land is available for future development. Due to industrial opportunity in the city and tehsil the
working population increase. City having opportunity of jobs and employment which attracts the
LPA and Increase the interaction between the city and LPA. The availability of agricultural land
and vacant land within the town can aid in the decongestion of the inner wards housing stock.

The Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojna has donated funding to alleviate the city's shortfall. If the city's
housing potential is increased due to the availability of unoccupied land in both the MC and the
LPA, it will help to raise the city's housing potential. If the infrastructure is supplied where it is

33
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
needed, it will provide a good opportunity to make high potential for different economic areas.
By implementing slum schemes, the slum must be upgrade to improve the living condition of the
dwellers. Slums should be eradicated and housing should be provided in outer area having low
density and land price and have access to all basic infrastructure. As most of the industries are
small scale and related to assembly line. Job opportunities can be created for women of the town
if provided with proper training.

Present RIICO infrastructure is sound and in great condition. With the policy initiative and by
providing micro loans more develop can be seen in the area. The CSF can be used to generate
industrial tourism in the town. In Suratgarh, the majority of the population is involved in
commercial operations, which provides opportunities for generational employment. Goods are
offered at a far lower cost than in the official economy. It provides employment and aids in the
increase of household income. Land value at periphery of city, on the edge of NH 62, SH94, and
ODR‟s are more as compared to the other areas in LPA tends to increase development in that
area by providing various industries, infrastructure facilities. Due to less value of the land in
outgrowth of the town may attract investor for the real estate near to the NH 62. Having good
physical and economic connectivity, there is chances for the city to grow in future

Town has potential to provide space for informal sector which will reduce pedestrian-vehicle
conflicts. There is space to provide truck terminal so that all loading/unloading activities will be
done in it thus eliminating traffic problems. There is potential to design the roads cross section
according to the IRC norms and standards along with road infrastructure. Existing parking spaces
has sufficient area to cater the vehicles which could reduce the problem of illegal parking on
road. There is space for designing the parking in the bus stand. Strict enforcement can be done to
eliminate the problem of on street parking and encroachment by informal sector and commercial
shops. Due to less variation in topography, it is easier to lay down the drainage and sewerage
network in the town. Incorporating full working network of water supply will improve the
efficiency of the city.

Under Swachh Bharat Mission 2.0 all problems related to solid waste, public toilets, public
dustbin and city cleaning problems are solved. Doctors and other people come for business and
attend conferences in hospitals stay in hotels. Potential of Solar panels on roof of social
infrastructure buildings lead to use of renewable energy for electricity requirement. Enforcement
34
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
should be their to stop the visual pollution and old vehicles not allowed in the heritage or tourist
sites so that not Detroit the structure by physically too. If the government manage properly the
available tourism sites (Manaksar Tibbe, Suratgarh fort, Museum), it can generate good
opportunity and strengthen the economic status of city. Suratgarh was a significant arena of
historical incidences in the ancient past. The city was once called Sodhal. Around 3000 BC
Suratgarh is believed to have been a lush, green place due to the presence of two big rivers,
Sarasvati and Drishadvati. However, with time it has lost its identity but if CSF is promoted
properly it can help to generate industrial tourism in the town.

Doctors and other people come for business and attend conferences in hospitals stay in hotels.
Potential of Solar panels on roof of social infrastructure buildings lead to use of renewable
energy for electricity requirement. Enforcement should be their to stop the visual pollution and
old vehicles not allowed in the heritage or tourist sites so that not Detroit the structure by
physically too. If the government manage properly the available tourism sites (Manaksar Tibbe,
Suratgarh fort, Museum), it can generate good opportunity and strengthen the economic status of
city.

1.2.4 Challenges
Extreme arid climate which hampers the standards of living and it affect the development of the
city. Competition faced by Suratgarh city from nearby major cities like Ganganagar,
Hanumangarh and Bikaner in Agricultural production, Jobs and employment opportunities leads
to migration. LPA village population commute to city creates load on the infrastructure of city.
Sand storm and heat waves due to south-west wind in May and June with an avg. speed of
12km/hr(highest recorded 75km/hr) creates problem in driving from village to city lead to
accidents and affects the income of the commuters and vendors.

To control water scarcity. There are sand dunes in the southern part of the city. Lack of forest in
the area to increase the biodiversity. Difficult to revive the image of the city through urban
design elements. Difficult to maintain the skyline as the building byelaws were made in 2010
Control the unauthorized Development in the southern side and opposite to the National
Highway 62 this part is known as kachi Basti and all this development is below the H.T. lines.

35
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Increase recreational area in the city. If some Places like gaushala are not removed from the
center of the city our challenge is to reduce the impact of this place to the local residents.

Overcrowding, unplanned construction, and lack of essential facilities in several wards of the
city, as well as in the LPA, as some areas have a higher density than required. The land value is
high in the core city and low in prereferral area. Lack of access to sanitation facilities and safe
water sources, absence of proper electricity supply, open drainage, smart solution. Lack of
surfaced roads and footpaths and street lighting in the slums. Existence of slum near the railway
station. and public and semi public area. It affects the aesthetic condition of city.

There is unplanned and illegal development on the outer limit of the city, it also has minimum
density. Some residential buildings near railway lines are posing a threat to them are occurring
low potential. As such, there are no threats possessed by the Green Industries and White
industries. The location of the commercial area tend to increase the land value to that area. On
street parking on the internal street reduce width of the streets.

Incompatible land use as no norms & standards are followed. Micro-analysis of data/enquiries
for delineating value zones and suggesting DLC rates. Effective use of land through
densification. Renewal of core area will create spaces for recreation and amenities. Open users
can be planned on sloping terrain. Elimination of problem of encroachment as local bodies are
unable to provide designated space. No 4-wheelers can reach to railway station as the approach
road width is unable to increase. No reduction in the problem of on street parking beside the
strict enforcement of ULBs and provision of designated parking space. Bringing environment-
friendly public transport is a major challenge for the authorities. Poor drainage is causing water
logging in some areas of town. Solid Waste dispose near residential area of town This is
polluting the environment through foul smell, etc

Incompatible land use of infrastructure. Many of the old building are not as such maintain due to
which it will be harm to the nearby area. Lack of tourist circuit decreases the tourist rate. There is
no land dedicated for tourism infrastructure. Statutory listing of sites ruins and buildings,
archaeology sites are totally missing. CSF is located in the remote area of Suratgher. Therefore
people might feel safe to go there for recreational activities. Incompatible land use of
infrastructure. Many of the old building are not as such maintain due to which it will be harm to

36
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
the nearby area. Lack of tourist circuit decreases the tourist rate. There is no land dedicated for
tourism infrastructure. Statutory listing of sites ruins and buildings, archaeology sites are totally
missing. CSF is located in the remote area of Suratgher. Therefore people might feel safe to go
there for recreational activities. Increase awareness and increase funds to increase growth of the
solar energy in the town.

Undertaking demolition of such structures , if shifting of HT line is not feasible .Exploring

possibility of providing housing to such households through appropriate Govt. Schemes
/mechanism like urban renewal. Solar industry can be an economic engine creating jobs and
boost economic growth and tax revenue besides powering remotely connected households.
RRECL need make generation and utilisation of Solar Energy more acceptable and encouraging
Sand storms in summer season lead to accidents and affects the income of the commuters and
vendors. Desert area creates problems of Sand storms and heat waves. Air pollution increase at
the time of sand storm causes asthmatic problems. Notifying Nodal officer for proper
monitoring. Review of Master Plan in force and finding out reasons of failure / shortcomings
/non-implementation.

The current equation of population to resources like housing and other infrastructure in not
compatible. There is housing shortage and minimal amount of infrastructure development. Road
network is also not adequate in some parts of the city. Drainage network of city is 100% open
which is unhealthy and reason of pollution. There is only half of the population has proper
connectivity to the sewage network rest of the population is self-dependent. Most of the
population of city is capable in sustaining the risk of disasters if happen any. There are 4-5 % of
populations that cannot bear the effect of disaster and may collapse.

1.3 Cross Tabular

1.3.1 Regional Setting
(a) Problems
Demography and Socio-Economic: In the region the administrative status of the town is
Municipality.
Physical Infrastructure: More Pressure on Inadequate infrastructure due to present and
migration of population.

37
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Tourism, Conservation and Heritage: Lack off Tourist Circuit and Tourism decreasing the
tourist rate of the town.
(b) Potentials
Physiography: The main source of water in the region is Indira Gandi canal which passes
through the tehsil boundary of the town so this has good potential for the agriculture field.
Demography and Socio-Economic: In the future with the growth of the population the
administrative status changes from municipality to the municipal council.
Industry and Industrial Infrastructure: There is RICO Industrial.
Trade and Commerce: The strong linkages in the region through road and rail improve the
efficiency of trading.
Traffic and Transportation: Good Connectivity with NH 92 and SH 94. These highways lead
to connectivity with the Shri Ganganagar, Hanumangarh and Bikaner.
Disaster Management: The region lies in Earthquake zone 2 there in low risk of Earthquakes.
(c) Constraints
Local Planning Area-: As Compare to other town our town LPA contains desert are so
development is less in the south direction.

1.3.2 Local Planning Area

(a) Problems
Regional Setting-: Competition faced by Suratgarh city from nearby major cities like
Ganganagar, Hanumangarh and Bikaner in Agricultural production, Jobs and employment
opportunities leads to migration.
Housing-: Migration of population from LPA to town leads to increase in demand of housing and
due to low housing supply it leads to formation of slums and squatters.
Social Infrastructure-: LPA village population is depended for health and security on the town
infrastructure which further increases the load on the social infrastructure of the town.
(b) Potentials
Industry and industrial infrastructure-: Work force of LPA is 49.21% which will attracts
development of industrial infrastructure near the town which will help in increasing the economy
of the town.

38
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Trade and Commerce-: Milk, vegetable and other products form LPA villages and the market
of the town which is used by LPA population generates economy within the area.
Traffic and Transportation-: LPA villages are well connected with NH62, SH94 and ODR‟s.
The road connectivity of the villages is well served and maintained by the authorities of the area.
Tourism, Conservation and Heritage-: Sand Dunes in desert region of LPA area of the town
attract the tourists which further increases the economy of the town.
Energy and Environment-: The town is having a high potential of generating electricity by
placing solar energy plants which can increase the production of electricity in the area and can
generate economy.
Project, Program and Schemes-: “Krashi Kendra” in Suratgarh is enhance the agricultural
productivity in the area and reducing the desert land by converting it into agricultural land.
(c) Constraints
Physiography-: Nearly 40% of the area under LPA is desert and it affects the development of
the area. Settlements are also less in these desert areas due to no agricultural activity
Demography and Socio-economic-: LPA village population commute to town and that creates
load on the physical and social infrastructure of town.
Land value and Land ownership-: Land value at the periphery of town and on the edge of
NH62, SH94 and ODR's are more as compare to the other areas in LPA. Nearby areas of the
town are have more land value than the areas away from the town.
Disaster Management-: Sand storm and heat waves due to south-west wind in May and June
with an avg. speed of 12km/hr(highest recorded 75km/hr) creates problem in driving from
village to city lead to accidents and affects the income of the commuters and vendors.

1.3.3 Physiography
(a) Problems
Regional Setting: Due to less variation in the topography the linkages with the neighbouring
city are more prominent.
Local Planning Area: The temperature of the city is more as compared to the LPA due to dense
buildings and traffic in the city.

39
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Existing land use: Due to the presence of Fort the development begins around it and now this
core is highly densified. Green and open spaces in the city are very less i.e., 1% of the total
Municipality area.
Housing: Those houses which lie in the low-lying areas face problem like waterlogging during
the rainy session.
(b) Potentials
Regional setting: Due to less variation in the topography the linkages with the neighbouring city
are more prominent.
Local Planning Area: Adequate water in available for agriculture activities from the Indira
Gandhi Canal.
Existing Land use: The bearing capacity of the soil is suitable for development.
Industry and Industrial Infrastructure: The location of the Industrial area is as per the wind
direction.
Traffic and Transportation: Due to the gentle slope of the city cutting and filling cost is less.
Physical Infrastructure: Drainage network and the Location of the Water Treatment Plant and
Sewerage Treatment plant as per the slope.
Energy and Environment: Due to hot climate and maximum sun hours great potential of solar
energy and solar park.
(c) Constraints
Local Planning Area: Around 50% of the area is under the desert.
Historical Evolution: many years ago rainfall decline sharply and strong wind shift silt particle
from alluvial settlement and deposited in this region so the topography of the area is undulating.
Housing: Mostly Lower income groups settled in the low laying areas and they face the problem
like water logging.
Land Value: Due to Undulating topography there is large variation in land value.

1.3.4 Historical Evolution

(a) Problem
Land Value and Land Ownership-: After the flood happened, the infrastructure development
decreases which also decreases the land value in flood affected area.

40
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Physical Infrastructure-: No concept of sewerage pipelines was introduced at that time, so
100% open drains were there and in present time, open drains are present which leads to
environment and health problems.
Energy and Environment-: As the town grows, vehicular growth increases which increases the
level of pollution in terms of air pollution and noise pollution. Also inadequate solid waste
management leads to the land pollution and air pollution. So, the pollution increases with the
time.
(b) Potential
Demography and Socio-Economic-: Due to infrastructure development firstly around the fort,
population density increases in the core area which also increases the workforce of the town.
Housing-: Various colonies were developed to provide space for the living of the people which
increases the housing density in the town especially in the core area.
Industry and Industrial Infrastructure-: RICCO had established green and white industries
towards the windward direction which doesn't affect any population and generates the huge
workforce and increases the population growth in the town.
Trade and Commerce-: Due to development of fort, population was increased due to which
commercial area increases to meet the basic needs of the people.
Traffic and Transportation-: Road and rail connectivity was established as physical and
economical linkages which boost the development of the town. Also the roads were and are
wider in the city due to which there is very less congestion in the town.
Social Infrastructure-: Education and health facilities were developed which increases the
literacy rate and health infrastructure of the town. People from local planning come to the town
as there are no such infrastructure is developed.
Urban Design and Morphology-: Fort as historical building is a major landmark of the town.
There was well connected paths provides good accessibility to all. At present, the situation is the
same.
Legal, Financial and Administrative-: In 1960's development of town was notified under
Rajasthan Colonisation Act, 1954 under which many housing colonies were made. Urban local
bodies were established for planned development of the city.

41
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
(c) Constraint
Physiography-: Many years ago, rainfall in the town decline sharply and strong wind shift silt
particles from alluvial settlement and deposited in this region so the topography of the area is
undulating. On this area, the development can‟t be planned in the future.
Existing Landuse-: Land towards South direction is not developable due to desert area and
incompatible landuse like Gaushala located in the central part or residential area near industrial
area of the city which can‟t be relocated.
Demography and Socio-Economic-: Population density is high around the fort which can‟t be
re-densified or de-densified according to the character of the town.
Urban Design and Morphology-: Skyline before and after municipality was not maintained as
no building norms are followed. The town is developed on amorphous pattern means unplanned
development.
Disaster Management-: Flood happened due to presence of Ghaggar river in the south in 1960's
which affected the North-east side of the city. So, there is flood prone area in the south where
development can‟t takes place.

1.3.5 Existing Landuse

(a) Problems
Physiography: Low lying area present in the city.
Demography and socio-economic: Recreational Facilities and open spaces are very less as per
the population of the town.
Industry and industrial infrastructure: Near the industrial area there is public and semi-public
are which is incompatible and there is no buffer around the industrial area to mitigate the
pollution effect.
Trade and Commerce: Encroachment is done by the formal and informal sectors.
(b) Potentials
Regional: Being a largest tehsil in the district more land is available for future growth of the
town.
Historical Evolution: the landuse planning in the historical period is compatible.
Housing: To cater the demand of the housing in the future land is available.

42
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Traffic and Transportation: More then enough circulation as per the URDPFI i.e., 17%. All
the landuse component are well connected to each other.
Social Infrastructure: Public and Semi-public land is more then enough to cater the LPA as
well as city population. Compatible land use with their surrounding land use.
Disaster Management: The core city streets or roads wide which allows fire brigade to enter in
the area and leads to less loss.
(c) Constraints
Land Value and Ownership: More land values along the National Highway as compared to
other roads and in the central area of the city due to concentration of commercial activities.

1.3.6 Demography and Socio-Economic

(a) Problems
Physiography: Mainly lower income group people living in the low lying areas face problem
line water logging.
Existing Land use: The centre part of the city is densely populated and there is no adequate
recreational and open spaces are provided.
Housing: With the growth of population there is growth in housing shortage and slum or
unauthorised colonies.
Land Value and Land Ownership: Population density is high the land value is also high. Here
core of the city is highly dense area.
Physical Infrastructure: With the increase of the population city suffer from problem like poor
drainage, sewerage and solid waste management
Energy and Environment: with the increase of the population the problem like air pollution and
land pollution increases.
Disaster Management: Population in disaster prone areas, the density varies from moderate to
very high.
(b) Potential
Regional Setting: With the growth of the population the administrative status changes to
Municipal council
Local Planning Area: City having opportunity of jobs and employment which attracts the LPA
and Increase the interaction between the city and LPA

43
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Historical Evolution: Development phases of city define that in which direction town is
growing and what manner the town is growing. Due to development of infrastructure population
increases and population around the fort
Industry and Industrial Infrastructure: Due to industrial opportunity in the city and tehsil the
working population increase.
Trade and Commerce: Centre part of the city is highly dense so the trade commerce more in
the centre of the city.
Traffic and Transportation: The high density wards are having wider roads leads to less
congestion
Social Infrastructure: Requirement of the social infrastructure is sufficient for the population in
the city.
(c) Constraints
Tourism and Conservation and Heritage: Presence of religious places attracts the people from the
LPA region. There is both +ve and -ve relationship between tourism and Population

1.3.7 Housing
(a) Problems
Demography and Socio-Economic- The current equation of population to resources like
housing and other infrastructure in not compatible. There is housing shortage and minimal
amount of infrastructure development. Road network is also not adequate in some parts of the
city.
Traffic and Transportation- In terms of availability of the transport network in adequate
quantity and quality, city lacks there. The roads lack proper planning like footpath, dustbins,
parking etc., which become a reason of congestion, pollution.
Physical Infrastructure- Drainage network of city is completely open which is unhealthy and
reason of pollution. There is only half of the population has proper connectivity to the sewage
network rest of the population is self-dependent.
Energy and Environment- The regulations are not followed strictly that‟s the reason of noise
pollution. If there are trees along the road network and houses constructed with proper setback,
not only noise pollution but other type of pollutions can be countered easily. People are less
aware about the resource planning and management. In the city electricity consumption is high.

44
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Disaster Management- Most of the population of city is capable in sustaining the risk of
disasters if happen any. There are 4-5 % of population that cannot bear the effect of disaster and
may collapse.
(b) Potential
Local Planning Areas- Local Planning Areas like villages near to the municipal council‟s limit
has highest number of households can later convert into towns on the basis of population that
will help in the growth of the area in terms of social and commercial both.
Existing landuse- The outer spread of the city is still counts as a rural area and population
density is less in that are also large amount of land is available with respect to current population
of city. Land is available for the future development.
Traffic and Transportation- Road network is available and every household has direct access
to this network at their doorsteps.
Project, Program and Schemes- PMAY and Rajasthan Housing Board are planning to develop
a 30-acre housing project to tackle the issue of dwelling units.
(c) Constraint
Land Value and Land Ownership- The ratio to land ownership is vary with respect to different
areas of city. In core city the land value is high compare to the outer spread or the less developed
area of the city. It is also because of distribution of the resources and available opportunities.
Urban Design and Morphology- The scale of the city in terms of area of growth is not so big
that there could any skyline. Also, the main reason of less on non-presence of these urban scales
is awareness in people and authorities.

1.3.8 Industry and Industrial Infrastructure

(a) Problems
Demography and Socio-Economic-: Total 113 industries present in MC & LPA providing
employment to 1162 people ( which is quite less if compared it with the total population)
Urban Design and Morphology-: Adequate parking facilities is there in the town, roads are
wide. However, locals are not using them properly by parking on roads.
Disaster Management-: The region has a hot desert climate with extremely hot summers, south-
west wind in May and June with an avg. speed of 12km/hr which sometimes goes up to 70-
75km/hr creates problem in the operation of the industrial unites in summers.

45
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
(b) Potentials
Regional Setting-: National Highway and state highway pass through the city.
Local Planning Area-: Central State Farm, An agro based medium industry which also
happened to be the biggest employer in the town is present in the LPA.
Physiographic-: The location of the industries is in the wind flow direction.
Historical Evolution-: In 1956 Central State Farm the largest mechanized Farm in South East
Asia got established in Suratgarh. It has Russian Machinery Museum.
Existing Land use-: It does not have any issues with other land use like residential and
commercial as the industrial area in well Planned and handled by RIICO. Plus, industries in MC
are either green or white
Industry and Industrial Infrastructure-: Suratgarh RIICO is well planed and it has sound
infrastructure and wide roads.
Trade and Commerce-: Major trade in suratgarh is agriculture based, vegetables, fruits, milk,
wheat so on and so forth comes to the town from nearby villages.
Traffic and Transportation-: National Highway 62 pass through the city. City is well
connected with the other cities through extensive road networks and railway lines.
Physical Infrastructure-: All the solid and water waste produced by Industries is handle and
treated by Suratgarh RIICO.
Tourism -: The CSF can be used to generate industrial tourism in the town.
Energy and Environment-: . Most of the industries are either green or white in nature and
Small and medium in scale. Thus, do not cause any pollution. Industries have been located
according to the wind direction
(c) Constraints
Regional Setting-: Due to its geographical location & small size, the town doesn‟t have major
any Industry.
Land Value and Land Ownership-: There is no major industry in the town. Therefore,
development rate of town is slow. Which also have an impact on land values over there

1.3.9 Trade and Commerce

(a) Problems
Housing- Employment opportunities attract people resulting in shortage of housing.

46
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Traffic and Transportation- Road network is in adequate quantity but the quality of it not
proper. Most of the time during commercial activities, vehicle cover the half of the space as
parking that create congestion. A proper road network is must needed for ease of transport in
core area of the city.
Physical Infrastructure- The activities of municipal council regarding daily cleaning and waste
collection is poor and availability of waste collection centers or dustbins are less to manage
waste which causes pollution.
Energy and Environment- The city lacks the presence of proper waste management
infrastructure which causes the pollution in city. Energy need for the city is available in adequate
quantity. The status of environment is good at outer zone of city but in the core areas it needs to
improve.
(b) Potential
Regional Setting- The highway network is a strong linkage which helps in improving the
efficiency of trading. It acts as an advantage for commercial development and made ease for
people travelling to other cities for various purpose.
Local Planning Area- There is interaction with other towns because of mandi and specialized
markets which helps local traders to trade in nearby cities also. This interaction made ease of
sharing new ideas for nosiness growth, which indirectly helps in growth of city and its
population.
Existing Land use- The city planning authority has granted adequate commercial areas as per
URDPFI i.e., 6%.
Demography and Socio-Economic- Maximum number of populations reside near the main
commercial zone of the city, so that they can perform commercial activity frequently without
affecting their personal lifestyle, it is a kind of time saving strategy.
Housing- The current housing availability is fulfilling the needs of people. Most of population is
in core of the city that is also the reason of its high density. Government future plans are solving
housing future need of housing.
Legal, Administrative and Financial- Trade and commerce sector of the city are main source
of economic growth of the city and it helps in generating good amount of revenue compare to
other important sectors of the city.

47
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
(c) Constraint
Land Value and Land Ownership- In the commercial area land value is high and also
availability of land is less. The main reason of this is availability of resources and opportunities
in the area.
Disaster Management- The current development scenario is improper with respect to the
development norms. It is a kind of natural development happened with the development of the
city from the early beginning of the area.

1.3.10 Land Value and Land Ownership

(a) Problems
Demography and Socio-Economic-: Industrial workers reside in the area near STP where the
land values are less.
Industry and Industrial Infrastructure-: In the town, there is no major industry which may
have impact on development of town and on land values.
Tourism-: In Suratgarh, there is no promotion to the tourism is seen, nor its impact on the land
values.
Legal, Administrative and Finance-: There is considerable variation in DLC rates and actual
market rates in case of commercial properties leading to loss of Government revenue.
(b) Potentials
Local Planning Area-: Land value at periphery of town is more as compared to the other areas
in LPA, but is lesser as compared to the lands within the town which indicates that land values
increase with the development.
Existing Landuse-: More land values are seen along Bikaner road compared to other roads and
in the central area of the city due to concentration of commercial activities.
Trade and Commerce-: The commercial properties in the core of the town have high values
due to availability of various infrastructure facilities.
Physical Infrastructure-: Land values are comparatively more where there is adequate physical
infrastructure of good quality.
Energy and Environment-: The areas with good living environment have higher land values.

48
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Project, Programmes and Scheme-: Many infrastructure works in the town are
underway/proposed under Swachh Bharat Mission and PMAY which will have impact on land
values.
(c) Constraints
Physiography-: There is variation in land value in the town as slope variation is more

1.3.11 Traffic and Transportation

(a) Problems
Housing-: Slums have connectivity with unpaved roads with bad condition and also on some
internal roads, vehicles are parked which increased the effective road width.
Industry and Industrial Infrastructure-: Instead of using truck terminal for parking, trucks are
parked on the road or on the side of intersection which decreases the road width and the capacity
of the road.
Trade and Commerce-: Commercial area present on internal street facing the problem of on-
street parking and encroachment reducing the road width and creates congestion on the road.
Informal sector creates encroachment on pedestrian path which forces people to move on roads
leading to vehicle-pedestrian conflict.
Physical Infrastructure-: Dumping of waste on roads reduces the aesthetic beauty of the roads.
Absence of storm water drains in the town leads to water logging which results in bad road
condition.
Energy and Environment-: Air pollution and noise pollution from vehicles rises due to lack of
landscaping along the roads and in the town. At peak hours, due to congestion air and noise
pollution occurs increases which degrade the environmental quality.
(b) Potentials
Regional Setting-: Good connectivity with other towns through NH 62, SH 94 and rail network
in the region which helps in movement of goods and people. Thus, upgrading the status of the
town.
Local Planning Area-: The LPA connected with the town through para-transit i.e. auto
rickshaws as there are no local buses. The LPA is also connected with NH 62 and SH 94 having
free flow movement of the people.

49
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Physiography-: Due to gentle slope of the town, cutting and filling is not required for the
construction of roads.
Historical Evolution-: In the core are of the town, roads are wider ranging from 5m-7m which
creates little congestion. Also the town has wider roads like collector roads and local streets.
Existing Landuse-: While comparing with URDPFI Guidelines, the circulation is more than
enough i.e. 17% as there connectivity to the each and every landuse. Also there is potential to
grow town at a pace due to good road and rail connectivity.
Demography and Socio-Economic-: The high density wards present in the core area are having
wider roads and are in good condition which leads to less congestion.
Housing-: Presence of accessibility and connectivity to each and every house and the width of
the road is sufficient.
Industry and Industrial Infrastructure-: Industries present on higher hierarchy road i.e. NH
62 leads to no congestion or traffic disturbance due to trucks. Also the availability of land creates
potential to establish truck terminal if necessary.
Trade and Commerce-: Presence of major commercial activities on collector road and local
street creates less congestion as the people prefer to walk as these activities are easily accessible
from their house.
Social Infrastructure-: The accessibility to all the activities is good and it serves the population
of the town as well as of local planning area.
Urban Design and Morphology-: The connectivity of landmarks and nodes are well connected
with the paths as there is no un-served areas are present.
Energy and Environment-: E-rickshaws act as environment friendly para-transit which
enhances the environment to some extent.
Disaster Management-: Due to smooth flow of traffic, no accident prone areas are present as
there is physical and psychological comfort. Having wider roads in especially core areas if fire
incidents happened, fire brigade should be able to reached timely causing less loss of life and
property.
Legal, Financial and Administrative-: Road improvement projects are going on in the town for
the better condition of roads. Also development and operation of Bikaner and Suratgarh section
of NH 62 is in progress.

50
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
(c) Constraints
Existing Landuse-: The hierarchy of roads not followed as Arterial and Sub-Arterial roads are
missing which could carry more traffic volume.
Social Infrastructure-: Most of the education institutes are present on the internal streets(5m)
which creates congestion during the peak hours.

1.3.12 Physical Infrastructure

(a) Problems
Demography and Socio-Economic: With the increase of the population city suffer from
problem like poor drainage, sewerage and solid waste management
Housing: 43% houses has no sewerage connection
Trade and Commerce: shortage of dustbins in commercial area and no daily waste collection
done by municipality
Traffic and Transportation: Poor drainage is causing water logging in some areas of town
Social Infrastructure: open drains around the educational, religious and hospital create
unhealthy atmosphere
Urban Design and Morphology: open drains are present in all area of city which give
unaesthetic view of the town
Energy and Environment: Solid Waste dispose near residential area of town This is polluting
the environment through foul smell, etc
(b) Potential
Physiography: due to less variation in topography it is easier to lay down the water supply
drainage and sewerage network
Housing: 100 & water supply door to door collection daily
Industry and Industrial Infrastructure: Industrial area has there own physical and there is no
pressure from the industrial to the city's physical infrastructure
Land Value and Land Ownership: The Land Values in central area and other Main roads is
high because of proper infrastructure
Traffic and Transportation: In Suratgarh water pipelines are laid along major routes .
Social Infrastructure: All public & semi-public are connected with water supply

51
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Tourism and Conservation and Heritage: tourism spots like temples are well connected with
water supply
Energy and Environment: Solid Waste dispose near residential area of town This is polluting
the environment through foul smell, etc.
Project, Program and Schemes: Swachh Bharat Mission 2.0

1.3.13 Social Infrastructure

(a) Problems
Traffic and Transportation-: There is no parking facilities near to the private schools and
private hospitals which leads to the coverage of road by parking of the vehicles near to these
places.
Physical Infrastructure-: Open drainage system is there outside the education institutes which
makes the area unhealthy and invitation for various problems and diseases.
Disaster Management-: There are two petrol pumps which are close to each other and they are
in front of school which made it a fire risk zone and it can lead to a hazardous situation.
(b) Potentials
Local Planning Area-: The health and security facilities are having the capacity to serve the
population of LPA villages which helps the people to get facilities within the area and not to go
out in other cities.
Historical Evolution-: With the growth of the town and increase in the government
infrastructure, social infrastructure of the town also increased as per the requirements of the
population of the town.
Existing Landuse-: Well distribution of all social facilities in the town which serves all areas in
the town and people have to travel less for basic daily requirements.
Demography and Socio-economic-: Surplus social facilities of the town which serves the
existing and will serve the future population of the town.
Trade and Commerce-: Due to number of hospitals in the town, the hospital and medical
business increases the economy of the town. Also these hospitals invites people for conferences
and seminars which increases the hotel business.
Land value and Land ownership-: Land values are comparatively more near to the government
hospitals, government schools and religious places.

52
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Tourism, Conservation and Heritage-: Due to hospitals, doctors and other people come for
business and to attend conferences and seminars in hospitals and they stay in hotels. It creates
business tourism in the town.
Energy and Environment-: Potential of generating electricity by placing of Solar panels on
rooftop of the social infrastructure buildings which lead to the use of renewable energy for
electricity requirement.
(c) Constraints
Existing Landuse:- Incompatible landuse of some school and hospital infrastructure in the town
which leads to various problems like on road parking which leads to cover the road area etc.

1.3.14 Urban Design and Morphology

(a) Problems
Existing Land use: Open mass and built-up relation no maintained
Housing: Old houses condition is dilatated decreasing the visualized athletic value in the old
area of the city
Trade and Commerce: Commercial activities fetch more revenue than any other use so shops &
informal sector along the main roads & old bazaar are doing encroachments, thus internal street
facing the problem of on street parking
Land Value and Land Ownership: The Land value of urban area is high in the core & the
ownership type is private, so due to high land value people are changing the land use thus
disturbing the urban character of buildings.
Physical Infrastructure: open drains and garbage on the road disgarge the aesthetics of the road
Energy and Environment: fewer plantations due to implementation strategies
(b) Potential
Historical Evolution: Major landmarks was well connected with paths
Traffic and Transportation: the connectivity of landmarks and nodes are well connected with
the paths.
1.3.15 Tourism
(a) Problems
Regional Setting- The tourism circuit is not connected to the Rajasthan tourism, People are less
known to the touristic places which cause the frequency of the tourists in the area.

53
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Historical Evolution- The fort in city is abandoned in present time, only local people know
about it. There are significance examples of vandalism on the form due to abandoning.
Existing Land use- In city master plan or development plan, there is nothing proposed or
present for tourism sector.
Trade and Commerce- As there is no tourism infrastructure available, the income of trade and
commerce from tourism is less.
Land Value and Land Ownership- Mostly there is land available near the fort is of farmers and
connectivity from central area of city is with only personal means so there is moderate land value
around the abounded fort.
Physical Infrastructure- There is no availability of portable water and no provision for public
toilets.
(b) Potentials
Traffic and Transportation- The Manaksar picnic spots, kind of a central park is located along
the State highway 97. Used mostly for the daily morning walks by the surrounding population.
Social Infrastructure- The city provides sufficient number of banks and ATMs to meet the
needs of public.

1.3.16 Conservation and Heritage

(a) Problems
Regional Setting-: Suratgarh is relatively a new settlement that‟s why does not have any
heritage site present over there.
Local Planning Area-: There is a fort called Sodhal Fort and recently it got sold to a private
firm by local government and it is in very poor condition.
Historical Evolution -: Suratgarh was a significant arena of historical incidences in the ancient
past. The city was once called Sodal. Around 3000 BC Suratgarh is believed to have been a lush,
green place due to the presence of two big rivers, Sarasvati and Drishadvati. However, with time
it has lost its identity.
Existing Land use-: The remains of Sodhal fort is currently being used as a temporary cowshed
Urban Design and Morphology-: The lack of maintenance and awareness among masses
regarding Shodal fort and the history of the town became the reason behind the lost glory of the
town.

54
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Tourism-: Suratgarh dose not generate any heritage tourism in the town.
(b) Potentials
Land Value and Land Ownership-: Remains of Sodhal fort are not effecting the land value and
ownership in any ways.

1.3.17 Energy and Environment

(a) Problems
Local Planning Area-: It is not tapped to its fullest extent thereby much load on conventional
energy.
Existing Landuse-: In the town, only 1% area is under recreational purpose. The level of air
pollution is high. Land under high tension line is occupied by unauthorized development
endangering the safety.
Demography and Socio-Economic-: Population is affected by traffic emission and water
logging which creates pollution causing health effects.
Housing-: The town has 253 houses in dilapidated condition affecting the living environment.
Trade and Commerce-: Clogging of drains occurs due to encroachment over the drains by
shopkeepers in commercial areas because of inaction by the council.
Land Value and Land Ownership-: Because of 220 KV grid substation, the land along the
National highway and Ganganagar road have not much rise in its value compared to the lands in
core central area of the town. The values of land along busy streets are affected where the noise
pollution is alarming and irritating.
Traffic and Transportation-: Roadside tree plantation is seen absent at many locations
resulting into failure in controlling the level of air pollution.
Physical Infrastructure-: Sewerage and drainage system are combined in the town which
creates the problem of health issues. 51% of the town area is not covered by the sewerage
network which creates a lot of problems during rainy season. There is no provision of collection
of waste from commercial area & shortage of toilets in the commercial area leading to diseases.
Landfill site is located near residential area which effect nearby people.
Urban Design and Morphology-: The landmarks are in dilapidated condition leading to
creation of visual pollution. Building materials used are not eco- friendly which affects living
environment.

55
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Disaster Management-: Sandstorms are quite frequent in the area during summer session
increasing particulate matters in the air
Legal, Administrative and Financial-: Though it is mandatory to have digital monitoring of air
quality on daily basis, it is done once in a month.
Project, Program and Scheme-: Problem: In Suratgarh, there is a failure of solar scheme due
to lack of fund availability.
(b) Potentials
Local Planning Area-: Though more potential is there for generation and utilisation of solar
energy.
Industry-: Small and medium scale industries do not cause any pollution.
Industries have been located according to the wind direction.
(c) Constraints
Physiography-: The soil being alluvial and the terrain undulating, water logging is more leading
to health hazards.
Historical Evolution-: Due to the location of Ghaggar drain beds in the north of the city and
large sand dunes in the south, the development of the town has been in the east and west
directions.

1.3.18 Disaster Management

(a) Problems
Demography and Socio-economic-: There are cases of cylinder blast in the town due to lack of
awareness and knowledge within the people of the town. It can also lead to hazardous situation.
Housing-: In the old town area there are old houses and old structures which leads to the damage
the nearby area and the people moving from that area if the structure collapse.
Social Infrastructure-: There are two petrol pumps which are close to each other and they are in
front of school which made it a fire risk zone and it can lead to a hazardous situation.
(b) Potentials
Historical Evolution-: There was flood in 1960's which affected the population living in the low
lying areas but there is less chance in future due to construction of dams and embankments.
Tourism, Conservation and Heritage-: Sand Dunes in desert region of LPA area of the town
attract the tourists which further increases the economy of the town.

56
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Legal Administrative and Financial-: Fire station in the city with well equipped vehicles. The
fire station has feasible area in 5-7 km radius as per URDPFI which covers the whole Suratgarh
city.
Project, Program and Schemes-: A policy is made to have record of the disaster in the state by
which preparation and mitigation strategies can be made. It is “State Disaster Management
Policy, 2014”.
(c) Constraints
Local Planning Area-: Sand storms in the summer season i.e. May to July, lead to accidents and
also it affects the income of the commuters and vendors who are not able to reach in town at that
time.
Physiography-: The town is in the desert area which creates problems of sand storms and heat
waves in the town. There are dust particles in the atmosphere at the time of windy days.
Traffic and Transportation-: At the time of sand storm in the area, the road traffic of the town
get affected as the vehicle movement reduces or stop due to dust particles which creates low
visibility.
Energy and Environment-: Air pollution increase at the time of sand storm due to dust particles
which causes asthmatic problems to the people those who are living in that area.
1.3.19 Legal, Financial and Administrative
(a) Problems
Trade and Commerce-: There is a lack of designated area for street vendors.
Land Value and Land Ownership-: Reforms regarding land administration and transfer of land
and property are not yet done.
Urban Design and Morphology-: There is no guidelines for proper upkeep of landmarks.
Physical Infrastructure-: Pace of physical infrastructure development works like Sewer lines,
drainage lines, solid waste processing plant is hampered due to lack of timely availability of
funds.
Urban Design and Morphology-: There is no guidelines for proper upkeep of landmarks.
Energy and Environment-: Lack of system for monitoring Implementation of all applicable
acts.
Disaster management-: There is no local unit for disaster management.

57
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Project, Programme and Schemes-: There is a lack of system for monitoring implementation
of all schemes, projects and policies like National Solar Policy
(b) Potentials
Local Planning Area-: Possibility of undertaking comprehensive planning exercise need to be
explored in light of Thermal Power Plant, Central Krishi Farm.
Tourism-: Potential of Central State Farm is not fully utilised
1.4 Conclusion
This section includes background of the town containing problems, potentials and constraints
with respect to different aspects present in the town. Also analysis between different aspects is
included to know the strong and weak points of the town. This section would help in framing the
vision and the proposals for the future development of the city.

58
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022

2 SECTION
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK- CONCEPTS, CHARACTERISTICS,
MASTER PLAN PLANNING PROCESS
This section will cover the literature on the various definitions of the master plan and its various
components and applicability by the various authors and articles. It will also cover the literature
related to the master plan concepts. It will cover the various norms and standards with which the
comparison is to be done of the existing infrastructure in order to find out the gaps. In the
literature study, the characteristics, master planning process and planning considerations. In
addition to this, it also covers the policies and programs for the town development.

2.1 Definitions
The word “Master Planning” has many synonyms like development plan, Comprehensive
development Plan and Master Development Plan. In order to understand the meaning of “Master
Plan” Various definitions is there. Some of these are given below-
As per Dr. S.K. Kulshrestha: A Plan of a settlement for a period of generally about years,
prepared and approved after following the relevant legal procedures, that serves as an instrument
to guide its socio-cultural, economic and physical development through judicious land use
planning.
As per S.C. Rangawala: A Master Plan may be defined as a general plan for the future layout of
a city showing both the existing and proposed streets or roads., open spaces, public buildings,
etc. A master plan is prepared either for the improvement of an old city or for a new town to be
developed on virgin soil. Thus a master plan aims at controlling the future growth of a town
along preconceived and predetermined paths.
As per G.K. Hirarkar: The master plan is a general plan of various proposals that are intended
to improve existing conditions and to control future growth of town in a coordinated manner.
Such a plan must be realistic, ideal to be aimed at, preserving the individuality of the town.
As per Rajasthan Urban Improvement Act,1959: The Master Plan shall define the various
zones into which the urban area for which the plan has been prepared may be divided for the
purpose of its improvement and indicate the manner in which the land in each zone is proposed
to be used and serve as a basic pattern of frame-work within which the improvement schemes of
the various zones may be prepared.

59
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
As per Punjab Regional and Town Planning and development act 1995: The Plan so
prepared shall indicate broadly the manner in which the land in the area should be used. Allocate
areas or zones of land for use of different purposes and indicate define the provide the existing
and proposed highways, road, major streets and lines of communication. It includes
regulations(hereinafter call “Zoning Regulation”) to regulate which each zone, the location
height, number of stories and size of building and other structures open spaces and use of
building, structure, and land.
As per World Bank: A master plan is a dynamic long-term planning document that provides a
conceptual layout to guide future growth and development. Master planning is about making the
connection between buildings, social settings, and their surrounding environments. A master plan
includes analysis, recommendations, and proposals for a site‟s population, economy, housing,
transportation, community facilities, and land use. It is based on public input, surveys, planning
initiatives, existing development, physical characteristics, and social and economic conditions.
As per URDPFI: A Development plan is a statutory plan prepared (under relevant Act) within
the framework of an approved perspective plan. The objective of a development plan is to
provide further necessary details and intended actions in the form of strategies and physical
proposals for various policies given in the perspective plan and regional plan depending upon the
economic and social needs and aspiration of the people, available resources and priorities.
As per Delhi Development Authority: The Master Plan is the long-term perspective plan for
guiding the sustainable planned development of the city. This document lays down the planning
guidelines, policies, development code and space requirements for various socio-economic
activities supporting the city population during the plan period. It is also the basis for all
infrastructure requirements

60
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Figure 2.1.1 Definition and Feature of Master Plan

Definition and Feature of Master Plan

G.K. HIRASKAR S.C. RANGAWALA RAJASTHAN URBAN DDA

IMPROVEMENT ACT
• General Plan • Future layout • Long term perspective
• Proposals • Existing + future • Define zones plan
• Improve existing + scenario • Improvement • Sustainable Planned
control future growth • Improvement of old • Improvement Schemes Development
• Preservation of town • Planning Guidelines
individuality • Policies
• Realistic • All infrastructure
Requirements
PUNJAB REGIONAL S.K. Kulshrestha
AND TOWN PLANNING
WORLD BANK DEVELOPMENT ACT • Settlement Plan
• 20 years
• Dynamic long-term • Use of land • Approved by legal URDPFI
planning • Allocate areas of land procedure
• Conceptual layout • Indicate existing and • Instrument to guide • Statutory Plan
• Guide future growth + proposed • Social • Perspective Plan
Development • Highway • Cultural • Strategies
• Connection Between • Road • Economic • Physical Proposals
• Building • Major street • Physical land use • Various Polices
• Social Setting • Lines of • Through judicious land • Depending upon
• Surrounding communication use • Economic
Environment • Zoning Regulation • Social need + aspiration
of people
• Recourses and
Priorities

Derived definition: “A Master Plan is a long term legal Policy Document that provides a layout
guide for city-shaping, which represent Existing Land Use and allocates land for Proposed Land
Use, guides future growth and development of the city. A master plan is a major tool for urban
land management providing detailed land use allocation for the sustainable development of the
city. It includes Regulations, Proposals, Analysis and recommendations”
2.2 Concepts

2.2.1 Dormitory Town

Towns that are located close to cities are often
characterized as commuter or „dormitory‟ towns – places
in which residents do little more than live and sleep,
choosing to work and play some distance away in the

Figure 2.2.1 Dormitory Town

61
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
nearby metropolis. The assumption tends to be that because a high level of commuting depletes
these towns of their workers, they are left with weak local economies, featuring scant
commercial activity beyond a small amount of local retail business.
The evidence however shows that town‟s do not all have the same relationship with cities near to
them and that a combination of proximity to a city and good transport links does not
automatically confer „dormitory town‟ status on a place.
2.2.2 Satellite Town
A satellite town or satellite city is a concept in urban planning that refers essentially to miniature
metropolitan areas on the fringe of larger ones. The
satellite growth implies dependency on the parent city but
still possessing its own identity. When town reaches a
certain size, satellite devolution must take place, to break
the suburban sprawl beyond that size. Since its periphery
falls away from the heart of the parent city, it becomes

less convenient and uncomfortable for the distant people. Figure 2.2.2 Satellite Town
The satellite town will have the following features:
1) A satellite town is also a full town in true sense but depends to certain extent on the parent city
for higher Education, Employment.
2) It is however independent in its economic, social and cultural activities.
3) It is a pure residential unit with civic amenities like small shopping centers, dispensary,
primary and nursery schools etc.
4) Here no industries are permitted; hence the people will have to depend on parent city for any
workshop and employment facilities.
5) It must be linked with parent city by easy transport facilities like buses, local trains. There will
be only one arterial road for communication.
6) It may or may not consist of zoning
7) Every house may or may not have Gardens.
8) It is generally situated in an open country beyond the green belt of the parent city.
9) Its size and development should be controlled and not allowed to grow more than its parent
city. Otherwise it would grow to become a rival to the parent city and would create the same
problems of control in future.
62
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
2.2.3 Smart Cities
Smart Cities Mission is to promote cities that provide core
infrastructure and give a decent quality of life to its
citizens, a clean and sustainable environment and
application of „Smart‟ Solutions. The focus is on
sustainable and inclusive development and the idea is to
look at compact areas, create a replicable model which will
act like a light house to other aspiring cities.
The core infrastructure elements in a Smart City would Figure 2.2.3 Smart Cities
include:
 Adequate water supply
 Assured electricity supply
 Sanitation, including solid waste management
 Efficient urban mobility and public transport
 Affordable housing, especially for the poor
 Robust it connectivity and digitalization
 Good governance, especially e-governance and citizen participation
 Sustainable environment
 Safety and security of citizens, particularly women, children and the elderly
 Health and education.
Some typical features of comprehensive development in Smart Cities are described below.
Promoting mixed land use in area-based developments — planning for „unplanned areas‟
containing a range of compatible activities and land uses close to one another in order to make
land use more efficient. The States will enable some flexibility in land use and building bye-laws
to adapt to change
Housing and inclusiveness — expand housing opportunities for all
Creating walkable localities — reduce congestion, air pollution and resource depletion, boost
local economy, promote interactions and ensure security. The road network is created or
refurbished not only for vehicles and public transport, but also for pedestrians and cyclists, and
necessary administrative services are offered within walking or cycling distance

63
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Preserving and developing open spaces — parks, playgrounds, and recreational spaces in order
to enhance the quality of life of citizens, reduce the urban heat effects in Areas and generally
promote eco-balance
Promoting a variety of transport options — Transit Oriented Development (TOD), public
transport and last mile para-transport connectivity
Making governance citizen-friendly and cost effective — increasingly rely on online services
to bring about accountability and transparency, especially using mobiles to reduce cost of
services and providing services without having to go to municipal offices; form e-groups to listen
to people and obtain feedback and use online monitoring of programs and activities with the aid
of cyber tour of worksites
Giving an identity to the city — based on its main economic activity, such as local cuisine,
health, education, arts and craft, culture, sports goods, furniture, hosiery, textile, dairy, etc
Applying Smart Solutions to infrastructure and services in area-based development in order to
make them better. For example, making Areas less vulnerable to disasters, using fewer resources,
and providing cheaper services.
2.2.4 Garden City
The garden city concept is one of the most influential urban planning ideas of all time.
Championed by British writer and social theorist, Sir
Ebenezer Howard, the concept called for small towns
which were self-contained and surrounded by
greenbelts. He argued they would be able to
accommodate the entirety of a person‟s daily needs,
while still maintaining a connection to the surrounding
countryside. He shared his vision of town planning
which dealt with garden suburb though this concept.
He also talked about garden village, urban design and
regional planning in some of his books.
Figure 2.2.4 Garden Cities
He had no training in urban planning or design but
excelled in creating places. He called these places “magnets”, where people would want to come
to reside and work. His garden cities were planned, containing communities surrounded by a

64
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
green belt (parks), containing proportionate areas of residences, industry and agriculture. Garden
city movement aimed at addressing the urban problems plaguing the industrial city of that time.
Garden City Concept was an effective response for a better quality of life in overcrowded and
dirty industrial towns which had deteriorated the environment and posed serious threat to health.
Howard suggested various additions which were related to green spaces and open spaces. Garden
city model featured the greenbelt in its urban design and as a part of country planning.
These 3 magnets can also be regarded as the garden city principles. Open spaces, central park
and green spaces were given a lot of importance in Howard‟s plan.
Town – The pull of „Town Magnet‟ are the opportunities for work and high wages, social
opportunities, amusements and well – lit streets. The pull of „Country Magnet‟ is in natural
beauty, fresh air, healthfulness. It was closing out of nature, offered isolation of crowds and
distance from work. But it came at a cost of foul air, costly drainage, murky sky and slums.
Country – It offered natural beauty, low rents, fresh air, meadow but had low wages and lack of
drainage. Country has dullness, lack of society, low wages, lack of amusements and general
decay.
Town- Country – it was a combination of both town and countryside with aim of providing
benefits of both and offered beauty of nature, social opportunity, fields of easy access, low rent,
high wages and field of enterprise. Thus, the solution was found in a combination of the
advantages of Town and Country – the „Town – Country Magnet‟ – it was proposed as a town in
the Country, and having within it the amenities of natural beauty, fresh air and healthfulness.
Thus advantages of the Town – Country are seed to be free from the disadvantages of either.
Main Components of Garden City Concept
1. Planned Dispersal: The organized outward migration of industries and people to towns
of sufficient size to provide the services, variety of occupations, and level of culture needed
by a balanced cross – section of modern society.
2. Limit of Town – size: The growth of towns to be limited, in order that their inhabitants may
live near work, shops, social centers, and each other and also near open country.
3. Amenities: The internal texture of towns to be open enough to permit houses with private
gardens, adequate space for schools and other functional purposes, and pleasant parks and
parkways.

65
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
4. Town and Country Relationship: The town area to be defined and a large area around it
reserved permanently for agriculture; thus enabling the farm people to be assured of a nearby
market and cultural center, and the town people to have the benefit of a country situation.
5. Planning Control: Pre – planning of the whole town framework, including the road –
scheme, and functional zoning; the fixing of maximum densities; the control of building as to
quality and design, but allowing for individual variety; skillful planting and landscape garden
design.
6. Neighborhoods: The town to be divided into wards, each to some extent a developmental
and social entity.

2.2.5 City of Tomorrow

The city of tomorrow concept was given by Le Corbusier. The
centre should be for commerce, surrounded by 2 belts of residential
area. The centre of a great city should consist mainly of skyscrappers
– exclusively for commercial use & area occupied by these should
not be greater than 5%. The remaining 95% should be parks Figure 2.2.5 City of
with trees. Surrounding the center there would be belt of Tomorrow

residential buildings, in the form of those zigzag blocks with “set backs”.

2.2.6 Broad Acre City Concept

Broadacre City was an urban development planning concept put forward by famous American
architect Frank Lloyd Wright. It first appeared in his book The
Disappearing City in 1932. Broadway City was also called
"Usonian" or "ideal city".

According to Wright, structures in a Broadacre city ought to be

organic and in harmony with humanity as well as the
environment. Wright developed a 12 by 12-foot scale model to
represent a hypothetical 4 square mile community. In 1935 he
presented it in an Industrial Arts Exposition in the Forum at the
Figure 2.2.6 Broad Acre
Rockefeller Center. He called the model New Homes for the Old City

66
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
and was sponsored by the Federal Housing Administration. The buildings in the Broadacre City
model comprised of new building concept designs while others were modified old designs.
Broadacre City was designed to be a continuous urban area with a low population density and
services grouped depending on the type. The city had a futuristic highway and airfields in an
effort to help curb traffic. The highways connecting different cities were gigantic, with detailed
design and landscaping. There were public service stations and comfortable vehicles with the
city divided into various units. There were farm units, factory units, roadside markets, leisure
areas, schools, and living spaces. Each living unit was given an acre to decorate and nurture. All
the units were organized such that individuals would get any service or commodity they needed
within a radius of one hundred and fifty miles accessible by road or air to make it decentralized
and sustainable. Similar services were found in distinct zones of the city. For example, Banks
were located along the same street, same to leisure joints. The design was motor vehicle-friendly,
reflecting Wright‟s love for cars and the living units were called minimum houses. The design
concept focused on the social right of every citizen, especially the family unit, to their place on
land and air, where they were free to socialize.
2.2.7 Gedessian Triad
Sir Patrick Geddes (2 October 1854 – 17 April 1932) was a Scottish biologist, sociologist,
geographer, philanthropist and pioneering town planner. He is
known for his innovative thinking in the fields of urban planning
and sociology. He introduced the concept of "region" to
architecture and planning and coined the term "conurbation". His
principles for town planning in Bombay demonstrate his views
on the relationship between social processes and spatial form,
and the intimate and causal connections between the social
development of the individual and the cultural and physical Figure 2.2.7 Gedessian
environment. They included: (Bombay Town Planning Act of Triad
1915") Preservation of human life and energy, rather than superficial beautification. Conformity
to an orderly development plan carried out in stages. Purchasing land suitable for building.
Promoting trade and commerce. Preserving historic buildings and buildings of religious
significance. Developing a city worthy of civic pride, not an imitation of European cities.
Promoting the happiness, health and comfort of all residents, rather than focusing on roads and

67
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
parks available only to the rich. Control over future growth with adequate provision for future
requirements.
In human terms this can be understood as a place acting through climatic and geographic
processes upon people and thus shaping them. At the same time people act, through economic
processes such as farming and construction, on a place and thus shape it. Thus both place and
folk are linked and through work are in constant transition.The environment acts, through
function, upon the organism and conversely the organism acts, through function, upon the
environment.
Source: Theories and Concepts of Town Planning

2.2.8 Resilient City

A resilient city is characterized by its capacity to with stand or absorbs the impact of a hazard
through resistance or adaptation, which enable it to maintain certain basic functions and
structures during a crisis, and bounce back or recover from an event (Twigg, 2007; UNISDR
terminology).
It is defined as the capacity to prevent, mitigate, absorb, prepare for, respond to, and recover
from the impacts of disasters„. Building resilience to disaster risks enhances our ability to
minimize the effects of the future disaster events on our communities, economy and
environment. It also means that we efficiently and effectively cope with the impacts of disasters
when they occur in the future. Cities are complex and dynamic systems in which technological,
natural, and social components interact amongst themselves. Disaster resilience requires
combinations of apparent opposites: redundancy and efficiency, diversity and interdependence,
strength and flexibility, autonomy and collaboration, planning and adaptability. It also means
that we efficiently and effectively cope with the impacts of disasters when they do occur in the
future.
Resilient cities as explained by Godschalk (2003) are cities which are capable of withstanding
severe shock and stress without either immediate chaos/damage or permanent deformation or
rupture. These cities acquire a certain level of resiliency as they are designed in advance to
anticipate, weather, recover, and bounce back from the impacts of natural or technological
hazards, the concept resilient cities are based on principles derived from past experience with
disasters in urban areas. While they may bend from hazard forces, they do not break. Composed

68
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
of networked social communities and lifeline systems, they are able to adapt and rebound to new
levels of sustainability with minimum loss or damage.
A resilient city can be defined as a sustainable network of physical systems and communities.
These physical systems consist of the constructed and natural environmental components of the
city. They include its roads, buildings, physical infrastructure, communications facilities, soils,
topography, physical features, geology, water ways, population density etc. In sum, the physical
systems act as the body of the city, its bones, arteries, and muscles. During any disaster, the
physical systems must be able to survive and function under extreme shock and stressed
conditions. If enough of them suffer breakdowns and damages that cannot be repaired, losses
escalate and recovery slows as a result.
Basic and crucial characteristics of resilient city, involve the following points
1) Resilient cities are constructed to be strong and flexible, rather than brittle and fragile.
2) Their lifeline systems of roads, utilities, infrastructure and other support facilities are
designed to continue functioning in the face of rising water, high winds, shaking ground, and
other shocks and extreme conditions.
3) Their new development as well allocation of important development is guided away from
known high hazard and risk areas, and their vulnerable existing development and population
is relocated to safe areas.
4) Their buildings are constructed or retrofitted to meet code standards based on hazard threats
in order to reduce vulnerability.
5) Their natural environmental protective systems are conserved to maintain valuable hazard
mitigation functions.
6) Finally, their governmental, nongovernmental, and private sector organizations possess
accurate information about hazard vulnerability and disaster resources, are linked and
coordinated with effective communication networks, and are experienced in working
together.
2.2.9 Sustainable City
It is a city designed with consideration for social, economic, environmental impact, and resilient
habitat for existing populations, without compromising the ability of future generations to
experience the same. Many sustainable initiatives are achieved by building eco-friendly

69
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
alternatives into city infrastructure, such as adopting walk and bike lanes. Regulations and fines
can also achieve change: waste removal orders have proven to reduce landfill waste.
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) for Cities
United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) assists member states and stakeholders to
achieve relevant SDGs on cities including SDG 11 (sustainable cities and human settlements)
with specific focus on access to housing and basic services, sustainable transport system,
sustainable urbanization, access to public spaces, sustainable buildings, per capita environmental
impact of cities, and policies towards climate change, resource efficiency and disaster risk
reduction
The main areas for the current work on sustainable cities are:
1) Sustainable consumption and production roadmap for cities covering all the sectors
2) Upstream interventions through policy, technology and financing to reduce and manage
pollution and waste.
2.2.10 Concentric Theory
This theory is also known as Parks
Burgess concentric zone theory. It
was developed in the University of
Chicago in 1920s by E.W Burgess
and Robert E. Park. This theory was
developed when various ecological
social groups within the city were
seen in terms of competition, Figure 2.2.8 Concentric Theory Model
conflict, assimilation with each other. This social process was divided into five destructive zones
of landuses which take the form of concentric circles or ovals.
Zone I - Central Business District
1. Social and civic life of city is found in this zone.
2. It contains shopping areas, hotels, office buildings, banks, theatres, wholesale centers, and
other businesses.
3. These are the uses which seek central location for their success and utility.
4. Public uses should be equidistant from the surrounding areas
5. It also contains, in short, the economic, political and cultural life of the city.

70
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
6. City parks, marriage halls, higher order education facilities, hospitals are also located in the
center.
7. Uses along the boundary of this zone are the wholesale markets, ware-houses, industry which
don't require much area.
Zone II - Zone of Transition
1. Characterized by mixed pattern of industrial and residential land use
2. This zone is identified by both area wise and population wise. Area wise it is in Limbo
(means it is in uncertain condition or transition phase or keeps on changing).
3. Immediately adjacent to the CBD, it is an area that may be slated for expansion if the
business is good. In this zone land and properties are held for speculation purposes.
4. It inherits instability and attracts population which is similarly in transition. Further it can
also be identified by the variety and changing character of land uses.
5. The residential area also starts from this zone. Other identifying features of this zone are the
old structures, apartments (multi-storey buildings), residential slums and shabby homes.
Zone III - Lower Income working People
1. Lower status residential area
2. The "workingmen squarters"
3. Solid blue-collar, located close to factories of zones 1 and 2
4. More stable than the transition zone around the CBD
5. Often characterized by ethnic neighborhoods
6. Spreading outward because of pressure from transition zone and because blue-collar workers
demanded better housing
Zone IV - High Income Residences
1. It contains large residential area of city. It is also called high class residential zone in the
Concentric Zone Model Theory
2. Well decorated, undivided and costly constructed high class residences are found in this
zone.
3. Further detached houses and apartment buildings with high quality infrastructure and
community facilities are included in this zone.
4. In most cases, this zone may be the most accessible area from all parts of the city

71
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Zone V - Commuter Zone
1. Burgess dealt fully with this fifth zone. In this zone, all the suburban communities found
along the arteries of transportation.
2. As growth occurs, each inner zone of the generalized diagram tends to invade the next outer
zone.
3. Sociologist says it is a process of invasion-succession. And the rate of progression of this
tendency depends on economic expansion in the city and rate of population growth.
Limitations of the Concentric Zone Model
1. Too simple and Static
2. Limited in historical and cultural applications.
3. It is a product of its time. (1950s)
4. The model was developed for American cities and has limited applicability elsewhere.
5. Ignorance to the process of redevelopment

2.2.11 Multiple Nuclei Theory

This theory was performed in 1945 by Harris Ullman. In fact it was believed that although in
reality a city base on concentric zone or sector
theory may exist the structure of the city more
complex. Harris and Ullman argued that there
may be existing subsidiary centre and each such
center may act a growth pole for development.
The need for this model was to provide a more
realistic explanation of the cities. The influence of
cars on personal travel and greater movement of
goods offered opportunity in different places
Figure 2.2.9 Multiple Nuclei Theory Model
instead of concentrating all economic activities in
one place. People started optimizing their business for maximum profit by locating at a different
place and bringing down their rent with a slight increase in transportation cost. Whereas some
activities like industrial areas create pollution and are thus preferred to be located away from
residential areas. This model is considered to be more suitable for cities which are large and
expanding.

72
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Assumptions for Multiple Nuclei Model
1. The land is not flat – This provides a more practical application of the multiple nuclei model
and is an improvement over the Burgess model. It is difficult to find flat land for big cities,
and the terrain features affects the activities, development and direction of growth of an
urban area.
2. Even distribution of resources – Resources are evenly distributed within the city, no one
enjoys privileges or have exclusive access to resources.
3. Even distribution of people in residential areas – People are distributed homogeneously
and not concentrated in a particular area or pocket. This is essential as an unevenly
distributed population has a direct impact on markets.
4. Even transportation cost – Transportation cost is even in the city and not influenced by
location.
5. Profit maximization – A particular activity will locate itself where maximum profit can be
earned. For this, a different combination of rent, transportation costs, labor cost, and
proximity to market may be tried, and the combination which yields the best result gives the
final location for the activity. This location also takes into account the restrictions over the
activity and the need to be separated from other non compatible activities such as locating
residential areas away from industrial, locating large industries with more accessibility to
reduce transportation cost and to ease the movement of goods.
Limitations of the Multiple Nuclei Model
Multiple nuclei model was considered much better than the previous simple models which
attempted to explain the structure of urban areas. However, this model also had its limitations
and could not be applied to many cities and did not entirely explain the structure of urban areas.
Formation of well-defined zones or “nuclei” required the considerable size of the city as the
small or new towns do not have a very well defined location because of which they are
usually scattered. Another drawback is the limited activities which are considered in the model
along with the very rigid and specific boundaries of the activities. Some other disadvantages
include:
1. Negligence of the height of buildings.
2. Non-existence of abrupt divisions between zones.

73
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
3. Each zone displays a significant degree of internal heterogeneity and not homogeneity.
4. Unawareness of inertia forces.
5. No consideration of the influence of physical relief and government policy.
6. The concepts may not apply to Asian cities with different cultural, economic and political
backgrounds.
2.2.12 Sector Theory
This theory was given by Homer Hyot and its
concept is based upon circulatory or centrality.
Hyot being a geographer focused on growth and
expansion of high rent areas rather than forming a
concentric zone. This theory assumes that growth
of city takes place along main transportation lines
which start from C.B.D. High rent areas are
Figure 2.2.10 Sector Theory Model
located on outer fringes takes the shape of cut,
areas abandoned by upper income groups become obsolete.
CBD – Central Business District: It is placed at the center. Sectors and the partial rings of land
use/activities take place. This area is often known as downtown and has high rise buildings.
Inner city area or downtown area is a complex and dynamic organism. It represents many layers
of historic growth of many generations impact of cultural and traditions of men who inhabited
the city as tourists. The combinations of these layers and the way they are held together in the
city gives image ability, out of its socio-cultural heritage. As the cities expands and modern
technology and scientific innovations transformed the style of living and also the structure of the
city, open spaces were being eaten up by built forms resulting in congested and unhealthy
environment.
Industry: Industries are represented in the form of a sector radiating out from the center. These
forms sector because of the presence of a transport linkage along which the activities grew.
Presence of railway line, river or road would attract similar activity, and thus a continuous
corridor or “sector” will develop.
Low-Class Residential: Low-income groups reside in this area. Narrow roads, high population
density, small houses with poor ventilation exist in this area. Roads are narrow and often connect
to the industries where most of the people in this sector work. Closeness to industries reduces the

74
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
travel cost and thus attracts industrial workers. Environmental and living conditions are often
inadequate because of the proximity to factories.
Middle-Class Residential: This area has middle income groups who can afford more substantial
travel cost and want better living conditions. The activities of people residing in this area consist
of different activities and not just the industrial work. It has more linkages with CBD along with
some linkages to industries. This area has the most significant residential area.
High Class residential: This is the outermost and farthest area from the downtown (CBD).
Wealthy and affluent people live in this area. This area is clean, has less traffic, quiet and has
large houses. Corridor or spine extending from CBD to the edge has the best housing.
Limitations of Sector Model
1. Only Railway lines are considered for the growth of sectors and do not make allowances for
private cars.
2. It is a monocentric representation of cities; multiple business centers are not accounted for in
this model.
3. Physical features – physical features may restrict or direct growth along specific wedges
4. No reference to out of town development.
Source: Theories and Concepts of Town Planning

2.2.13 Background to Healthy Cities

The International Healthy Cities movement was first conceived in Canada in 1984 as a result of
the Healthy Toronto 2000 and was launched in Europe in 1986 by the WHO.
A Healthy City is one that is continually creating and improving those physical and social
environments and expanding those community resources which enable people to mutually
support each other in performing all the functions of life and in developing to their maximum
potential.
Source-WHO Healthy city, 2009
(a) Need
A holistic view of health is needed considering the interaction of social, economic and
environmental domains of our settlements for promoting improved health.

75
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
(b) Health Determinants
The health of city dwellers is largely dependent upon their living conditions and lifestyles. The
factors in our everyday life, which significantly influence our health status, are called “health
determinants”

Figure 2.2.11 Healthy City Concept

It include water supply, sanitation, nutrition, food safety, health services, housing conditions,
working conditions, education, lifestyles, population changes, income, and so on. They are
physical, social and economic environments that surround city dweller.
(c) Healthy City Aims
A healthy city is one that continually creates and improves its physical and social environments
and expands the community resources that enable people to mutually support each other in
performing all the functions of life and developing to their maximum potential.

(d) Goals
Creating caring and supportive environments: A healthy city is a city for all its citizens:
inclusive, supportive, sensitive and responsive to their diverse needs and expectations.
Healthy living: A healthy city provides conditions and opportunities that encourage, enable and
support healthy lifestyles for people of all social groups and ages.
Healthy urban environment and design: A healthy city offers a physical and built environment
that encourages, enables and supports health, recreation and well-being, safety, social interaction,
accessibility and mobility, a sense of pride and cultural identity and is responsive to the needs of
all its citizens.

76
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Source: WHO Healthy Cities Network: goals and Requirements(2009–2013)
2.3 Characteristics of Master Plan
Thus different authors have defined „master
plan‟ in their own way. However, a
compilation of the galaxy of features used
shall help to understand the concept and
definition of the master plan in a clearer
manner. Following are the main
features/elements that constitute the meat of
the concept.
Long Term Legal Policy Document: The
plan carries approval of the political masters
and explains the official contemplation about
Figure 2.3.1 Characteristics of Master Plan
different activities of the human being in the urban
areas. It is a long termed document which involves long term planning process.
Long-Range: The development of the town is a lengthy process and the plan provides broad and
general guidelines to the growth and development of a city/town/region to meet the future needs
of the inhabitants to achieve sustainability in the town structure and infrastructural fulfillment.
Comprehensiveness: The plan provides an overall strategic proposal, which incorporates all the
constituent components of the town i.e. physical, socio-economic, infrastructural, and
administrative, etc. is well appreciated and evaluated.
Guide To Decision Making: The master plan is a guide to decision-making for the planning
board, the governing board and mayor or manager
Multi-Disciplinary In Nature and Flexible: It encompasses various disciplines of studies. To
support longevity and sustainability in sense that proposals can be amended in the light of future
advancements that could not be perceived and conceived.
Statement of Public Policy: The plan's policies serve as the foundation for making public
decisions.
Legally Backed: The plan provides the distribution of different land-use zones and directs
location of facilities and transportation and utility networks over a planning area and also carries
approval of the political matter.
77
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Monitoring: The plan provides guidelines for implementation and periodic review of the
development being undertaken, may be after every five to seven years, to adjust its sights to the
change.
Source-Preparing Master Plan for the Community book by Southern New Hampshire Planning
Commission
2.4 General Planning Considerations
2.4.1 Land Use Integration
Land Use & Transport Integration
By Organizing the physical form and land use pattern of a city such that the travel demands, trip
lengths and travel times are minimized, while accessibility, comfort and efficiency are
maximized. Organizing all systems of transportation from pedestrian pathways to mass transit
systems such that they integrate well with each other and enable the harmonious establishment of
land use around them, in the process
generating a city form that is
sustainable.
Land Suitability Analysis
Land suitability assessment, in the
context of land use planning, is a
bridging phase linking land resources
assessment to any land use decision-
making process. This decision-making
process considers not only the natural
Figure 2.4.1 Relationship between Landuse &
attributes of the land but also its
Transport
socioeconomic and environmental
features. All the factors of environmental conditions will be weighted based on their level of
influence using multicriteria evaluation to produce a land suitability map. Land suitability is a
critical versatile process which can considerably affect the benefits that can be derived from the
land. Mapping urban and agricultural land is thus vital to locate and rank which areas are highly
suitable and less suitable, so that coherent managing measures could be suggested and

78
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
implemented immediately to plan, protect and use the valuable land planning in a sustainable
manner.
Road Network
If the pedestrian facility is not sufficient, people tend to walk on the road leading to congestion
and lack of pedestrian safety. Level of service is a qualitative
measure used to describe operational behaviour of vehicular
and pedestrian traffic based on service measures such as speed,
travel time, freedom to maneuverer, traffic interruptions,
comfort and convenience. Qualitative measure used to

symbolize the quality of traffic services. It should be helped in Figure 2.4.2 Level Of
determining various factors that can help us in deciding well Service (LOS)
that what can be the possible causes of the accidents. It should helped us recognize those
highways which are deadly. It helps to fight the problem of congestion and the hazards it can
lead to. It affects transportation and decisions of urban planning and overall it implies on our
lives.
Compatibility of various land uses
Planners classify land uses
according to their type of use
and impacts, and then designate
which types of uses will be
allowed in each zone district.
They develop a “compatibility
matrix” that specifies which
types of uses will be allowed Figure 2.4.3 Compatibility Matrix
next to other types of uses. Land use classifications identified as “Incompatible” should only be
located adjacent to each other when extensive and extraordinary mitigating measures can
effectively addresses all compatibility concerns Mitigation measures are of particular concern
when inherently incompatible land uses such as residential and industrial uses are proposed
adjacent to one another.

79
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Sizes And Dimensions of Amenities & Functionality
High-quality public spaces offer huge economic, social and environmental benefits to their
localities and communities. There is need to be flexible enough to understand and embrace the
evolving nature of public space, and mindful of the important role of the range of public sector
agencies that impact on the shaping of public spaces. While planning, ensure that policies and
approaches are in harmony and outcomes, including innovations in practice, are optimised.
Urban Renewal
The purpose of urban renewal is to deliberately
change the urban environment and to inject
new vitality through planned adjustment of
existing areas to respond to present and future
requirements for urban living and working.
Urban renewal generally applies to inner-city
areas, centrally located in historical districts Figure 2.4.4 Urban Renewal
including non-residential as well as residential land uses. It is designed to remove slums and
blighted conditions by demolishing old buildings and constructing new ones in their stead. Urban
renewal is at large scale.
Redevelopment
Redevelopment means the removal of
existing buildings and the re-use of cleared
land for the implementation of new projects.
It should be applicable to areas in which
buildings are in seriously deteriorated
condition and have no preservation value, or
in which the arrangement of buildings are
Figure 2.4.5 Bhendi Bazar, Mumbai
such that the area cannot provide satisfactory
living conditions. In such cases, demolition and reconstruction, of whole blocks or of small
sections, is often thought to be the only solution to ensure future comfort and safety of the
residents. Approach represents maximum use of land, higher floor area ratio, and has the
advantage of introducing higher income groups and commercial activities to the city center,

80
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
which increase tax revenues. It also leads to higher population density and improved services and
infrastructures, which is highly desirable for modernizing inner-city areas.
Planning Sectors And Division Of Planning Sectors Into Neighborhood
Planning sectors and division of sectors are
done to include existing or enhanced natural
and conservation areas or are a response to
natural features. More intensive land uses are
connected and focused around transit,
alternative transportation modes and parks.
All citizens can easily access daily shopping
and recreational needs in their neighborhood
regardless of mode choice. Density supports
a mix of uses and viable transit ridership. Figure 2.4.6 Neighborhood Planning
Traffic and parking are managed and do not dominate the neighborhood. Housing options
provide choice within the neighborhood, appealing to a range of incomes, family types and
opportunities for „aging in place. To accommodate a variety of future uses that will allow
buildings, public spaces and amenities to be adapted efficiently as needed.
Land as a Resource
To generate fund for Infrastructure Development. Innovative sources of revenue generation. The
plan is able to create economic growth and which could fund the implementation of the plan. TP
Scheme- A Successful mechanism for implementation. Proper Technoeconomic feasibility study
for schemes and projects. Resource generation from land, tax on vacant land, regulation of un-
authorised informal development and under utilisation of permitted FAR.
Public- Semi Public Users
Sidewalks, open public spaces and amenities should be
provided to encourage a pedestrian-friendly atmosphere and
connections with public transit stops, schools, shopping,
services, and recreational facilities where appropriate to the
character of the neighborhood. To reduce impervious
surfaces and to promote low impact development shall be Figure 2.4.7 Pedestrian friendly

81
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
employed where feasible.
2.4.2 Trend of Development of Town
Hierarchy of Settlements
Guide the broad location of new
development. It may identify what extra
facilities are required in a specific
location especially in a rural area. Local
planning authorities should ensure that
their assessment of and strategies for
housing, employment and other uses are
integrated, and that they take full account Figure 2.4.8 Hierarchy of Settlements
of relevant market and economic signals. Where there are groups of smaller settlements,
development in one village may support services in a village nearby. Local planning authorities
should avoid new isolated homes in the countryside unless there are special circumstances.
While considering ensure that established shops, facilities and services are able to develop and
modernise in a way that is sustainable, and retained for the benefit of the community. Ensure an
integrated approach to considering the location of housing, economic uses and community
facilities and services. Access to a Town Centre is important for residents who need access to a
wide range of services and facilities. New development should be located close to services and
facilities with good public transport provision.
Threshold of Population
The minimum no. of people needed in a settlement before a good or service will appear there.
The larger settlements have all of the goods and services available in smaller settlements, plus
additional services which have higher thresholds and only appear in them when they reach a
certain population.
Threshold Analysis
Threshold analysis is used to determine influence zones, urban extents and regions, attempts to
rationalize and control the process of urban growth and provides a quantitative tool to help
decision making. Threshold based on physical limitations are comparatively easy to determine
using mapping techniques. These can be tangible or intangible. It is used to evaluate most

82
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
efficient variant of development of a particular town at a given period. It helps to detect the
moment when further compact growth of the town is no longer economically justified.
Extension of City Limit
The city limit is defined by determining expected future population and population growth. Add
land requirement for housing backlog in the projected period. List necessary public program for
expected population (e.g. schools, parks, fire station etc.) If the extension or infill connects to
existing infrastructure and is close to existing economic centers, this saves costs of building
infrastructure and reduces the distance to jobs for new residents. Better to create a city extension
area, rather than a new town or an urban area at a distance from the existing city. The hotel zone,
which has been planned outside of the city, should be relocated to in or near the CBD area to
accommodate tourist‟s interest in the city life and promote local businesses.
Multiplier Effect in Case of Tourism
To strengthen the physical and social infrastructure
within the city. Tourism activities create jobs and
generate purchases of goods and services with the
development of a multiplier effect. The estimation of
this effect has led to the fact that the measurement of
the multiplier effect using a coefficient, even if it is
regional or sectoral, is very delicate. The use of a Figure 2.4.9 Multiplier Effect
regional or sectoral coefficient implies that the multiplier effect of the expenditure, within this
sector, is homogeneous.
Appropriate Authority
When considering applications for major development involving the provision of housing, the
National Planning Policy Framework indicates that local planning authorities should assess why
an earlier grant of planning permission for similar development on the same site did not start.
Public interest for the local planning authority to have effective delegation arrangements in place
to ensure that decisions on planning applications that raise no significant planning issues are
made quickly and that resources are appropriately concentrated on the applications of greatest
significance to the local area.

83
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Need Based Planning
Need based planning required to secure reasonable standards of health and safety for persons in
or about buildings. The energy conservation planning has to be considered to increase better
urban environment. Access and facilities for people with disabilities Parking provision will be
considered in assessing planning applications. Considering public needs like drainage system,
sewerage system, transport systems the planning has to be done.
2.4.3 Sustainability
Reverse Desertification
Integrated land and water management are key methods of desertification prevention. All
measures that protect soils from erosion, salinization, and other forms of
soil degradation effectively prevent desertification. Maintaining vegetative cover to protect soil
from wind and water erosion is a key preventive measure against desertification. Properly
maintained vegetative cover also prevents loss of ecosystem services during drought episodes.
Effective restoration and rehabilitation of desertified drylands require a combination of policies
and technologies and the close involvement of local communities.

Figure 2.4.10 Reverse Diversification

Sustainable Waste Management
In sustainable waste management process, zero land-fill can be achieved by adopting systematic
approach of segregation at source by planning, by collection facilitation and most importantly by
public awareness. The effective management of waste water would result in availability of
treated water for reuse, capture of methane gas for power generation and improvement in the
quality of the environment.
Disaster Resilient Planning
Spatial maps need to be created to evaluate neighborhood,
streets and public spaces based on their safety; comfort and

Figure 2.4.11 Bhadla Solar

Park
84
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
convenience. Simplifying the planning process for monitoring.
Use of Non-conventional energy in urban areas
The non – conventional energy is used to produce electricity for lighting home and building,
running motors, pumps, electric appliances, and lighting the SPV. Solar Photo Voltaic system
has to be implemented. To save electricity of the town in some extent, the solar park should be
implemented.
Source: Main URPDFI Guidelines 2014 (a) & Guidelines of Urban Planning, UN Habitat
2.5 Master Plan Planning Process
Acts for preparation of Master Plan in Rajasthan:
1. In Rajasthan, Master Plans are prepared under Rajasthan Urban Improvement Trust Act, 1959
or under Development Authority Act of different Divisions.
2. Rajasthan is divided into 7 divisions in which 5 divisions (Ajmer, Jaipur, Jodhpur, Kota, and
Udaipur) are having Development Authorities and the urban areas under these divisions
follow their respective Development Authority Act for the preparation of master plan.
3. There are 2 divisions (Bharatpur, Bikaner) not having Development Authority and the urban
areas under these divisions follow Rajasthan Urban Improvement Trust Act, 1959 for the
preparation of master plan.
4. The Suratgarh city is in district Sri Ganganagar which comes in Bikaner Division and thus the
preparation of master plan of the city will be according to The Rajasthan Urban Improvement
Act, 1959.
Rajasthan Urban Improvement Act, 1959
1. It was Rajasthan Act No. 35 of 1959. It received the assent of the President on 24.07.1959.
2. An Act for the improvement of Urban Areas in Rajasthan.
3. It is expedient to make provision for the improvement and expansion of urban area in the
State of Rajasthan.
4. Under this act the process for preparation of master plan is as follows:-
Section 3:- Power of State Government to order preparation of master plan
1. The State Government may, be order, direct that in respect of and for any urban area in the
State specified in the order, a civil survey shall be carried out and a master plan shall be
prepared, by such officer or authority as the State Government may appoint for the purpose.

85
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
2. For the purpose of advising the officer or authority appointed under Sub-section (1) on the
preparation of the master plan, the State Government may constitute an advisory council
consisting of a Chairman and such number of other members as the State Government may
deem fit.
Section 4:- Content of Master Plan
1. The master plan shall define the various zones into which the urban area for which the plan
has been prepared may be divided for the purposes of its improvement and indicate the
manner in which the land in each zone in proposed to be used.
2. The master plan shall serve as basic pattern of frame work within which the improvement
schemes of the various zones may be prepared.
Section 5:- Procedure to be followed
1. Before preparing any master plan officially the officer or authority appointed to prepare it
shall publish a draft of the master plan by making a copy thereof available for inspection and
publishing a notice in such form and manner as may be prescribed by rules made in this
behalf inviting objections and suggestions from every person with respect to the draft master
plan before such date as may be specified in the notice.
2. Such officer or authority shall also give reasonable opportunity to every local authority within
whose local limits any land touched by the master plan is situated to make any representations
with respect to the master plan.
3. After considering all objections, suggestions and representations that may have been received,
such officer or authority shall finally prepare the master plan.
4. Provisions may be made by rules made in this behalf with respect to the form and contents of
a master plan and with respect to the procedure to be followed and any other matter in
connection with the preparation of the master plan.
Section 6:- Submission of master plan to Government
1. Every master plan shall, as soon as may be after its preparation, be submitted to the State
Government for approval in the prescribed manner.
2. The State Government may direct the officer or authority appointed for the preparation of a
master plan to furnish such information as it may require for the purpose of approving any
master plan submitted to it under this section.

86
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
3. The State Government may either approve the master plan without modifications or with such
modifications as it may consider necessary or reject it with directions for the preparation for a
fresh master plan.
Section 7:- Date of operation of master plan
Immediately after a master plan has been approved by the State Government, it shall publish in
the prescribed manner a notice stating that the master plan has been approved and naming a place
where a copy of the same may be inspected during office hours; and upon the date of the first
publication of the aforesaid notice the master plan shall come into operation.
Figure 2.5.1 Master Plan Planning Process

Source- Rajasthan Urban Improvement Act, 1959

2.6 Projection Methods
2.6.1 Arithmetic Mean
Increase in population from decade to decade is assumed to be constant
Pn=Po +𝑛𝒙

87
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Pn–Projection Population after n decades
Po= initial population/ last census
n = Number of decades between now and future
𝑥= average increase in population per decade
Output: Arithmetic increase method is used for old cities, where growth rate is constant
2.6.2 Geometric Progression
In this method Percentage increase in population from decade to decade is assumed to be
constant. Geometric mean increase is used to find out the future increment in population
𝒓 𝒏
𝐏𝐧 = 𝐏𝐨 𝟏 +
𝟏𝟎𝟎
Pn–projection Population after n decades
Po= population of last known decade
n = Number of decades between now and future
𝑟= geometric mean rate of increase in population per decade
𝑚
r= 𝑟1𝑟2𝑟3𝑟4……rm
Output: For new and younger cities, we will use geometric progression method
2.6.3 Incremental Increase Method
Combination of Arithmetic and Geometric Increase method. While adopting this method the
increase in increment is considered for calculating future population. The incremental increase is
determined for each decade from the past population and the average value is added to the
present population along with the average rate of increase.
𝒏 𝒏+𝟏
𝐏𝐧 = 𝑷𝒐 + 𝒏𝒙 + 𝒚
𝟐
Pn–projection Population after n decades
Po= population of last known decade
n = Number of decades between now and future
𝑥= average increase of population of known decade
𝑦= average of incremental increase of known decade
Output: Whenever there is negative rate of increase, incremental increase method is used.
Incremental increase method generally gives values in between Arithmetic and geometric
method.

88
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
2.6.4 Employment Method
Given a series of past values of the activity rate, i.e., economically active population / persons in
working age groups = E / W
And the ratio, Persons in working age groups / total population = W / P
It is possible by using graphical or mathematical methods such as those just described to produce
future values for these ratios. Then, given forecasts of total employment, population may be
estimated, since
E/W X W/P = E/P
Output: A range or employment forecasts (made for different assumptions about the economic
„climate‟) will yield a range of population forecasts.
2.6.5 Cohort Component
The cohort component technique uses the components of demographic change to project
population growth. The technique projects the population by age groups, in addition to other
demographic attributes such as sex and ethnicity.
P(t+n)= P(t) + B(t) − D(t) + I(t) − E(t)
P(t) is the population at time t,
B(t) and D(t) are number of births and deaths occurring between t t+n. I(t) and E(t) are the
number of immigrants and of emigrants from the country during the period t to t+n.
Output: Model the age-sex structure of populations and not just their size
Model the components of demographic change fertility, morality and migration and not just
population growth.
2.6.6 Migration and Natural Increase Method
This is the method that enables natural and migratory changes to be handled separately.
By examining past data on net migration rates and by attempting to relate these to economic
conditions, particularly to the demand for employment in the study area, it will be possible to
adopt varying assumptions about the patterns of future migration.
These might simply be „high‟ and „low‟ e.g. +5000 persons per annum and +1000 respectively;
they may be expressed as different programs e.g. +1000 per annum in the first 5 years, +2000 per
annum in the following three years and +3000 per annum in the final 12 years (of a 20-year
projection) would be program
Source- URDPFI Guidelines, 2015

89
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022

2.7 Norms and Standards

This sub section includes the norms and standards which is to be applied while future planning of
the town. These are given according to the size of the town and proposals which is to be given
for the future development of the town. The norms and standards are according to URDPFI
Guidelines, 2015 and are related to landuse, trade and commerce, physical infrastructure, social
infrastructure, housing and traffic and transportation.
2.7.1 Landuse
Table 2.7.1 Landuse Structure of Urban Area
Landuse Percentage Of Development Area
Residential 43-48
Commercial 4-6
Industrial 7-9
Pub. & Semi Public 6-8
Recreational 12-14
Transport & Communication 10-12
Agriculture, Water bodies and Special areas Balance
Total Developed Area 100
Source- URDPFI Guidelines, 2015

Table 2.7.2 Developed Area Average Densities

Settlement Type Persons per Hectare
Small Town 75-125
Medium Town 100-150
Large Town 125-175
Metropolitan Cities 125-175
Megapolis More than 200
Source- URDPFI Guidelines, 2015

2.7.2 Trade and Commerce

Table 2.7.3 Norms for Commercial Centres

Sr.no. Category Population Served per unit Area

1 Convenience Shopping 5000 1500 sqm

90
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022

2 Local shopping including service 15000 4600 sqm

centre
3 Community centre with service 100000 5 ha
centre
4 District Centre 1 at district level/500000 population 40 ha
As per
5 Sub city centre 25 lakh-50 lakh
requirement
As per
6 City centre 50 lakh+
requirement
7 Local wholesale market 10 lakh 1000 ha
8 Organised Informal eating spaces 1 lakh 2000 sqm
Source- URDPFI Guidelines, 2015

Table 2.7.4 Hierarchy of Commercial Centres

Sr.no. Planning unit Population served Hierarchy of commercial centres
1 Community 100000 Community Centre
2 District 500000 District Centre
3 Sub city 25lakh-50lakh Sub city centre
4 City 50lakh+ City centre
Source- URDPFI Guidelines, 2015

Table 2.7.5 Area of Commercial Centres

Category Area per 1000 persons(sq.m) No. of shops
Convenience Shopping 220 1 for 110 persons
Local shopping including service
300 1 for 200 persons
centre
Community Centre with service
500 1 for 200 persons
centre
District Centre 880 1 for 300 persons
Source- URDPFI Guidelines, 2015

2.7.3 Traffic and Transportation

Table 2.7.6 Design Consideration of Urban Roads

Road Types Design Speed (kmph) Space Standards (m)

Urban Expressway 80 50-60
Arterial Road 50 50-80
Sub Arterial Road 50 30-50

91
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022

Distributor/Collector Roads 30 12-30

Local Street 10-20 12-20
Access Street 15 6-15
Source- URDPFI Guidelines, 2015

Table 2.7.7 Landuse Breakup for Truck Terminal

Sr. No. Use Percentage Area
1 Office, Godowns, Loading/Unloading 30
2 Service Industry – Petrol pump, Service area etc 6
3 Police post, Post office, Telephone, First aid etc 3
4 Commercial 3
5 Parking – Idle, Transit, Other vehicles 18
Source- URDPFI Guidelines, 2015

Table 2.7.8 Recommended ECS for Various Types of Vehicles

Vehicle Type ECS
Car/taxi 1.00
Two Wheeler 0.25
Auto Rickshaw 0.50
Bicycle 0.10
Trucks/Buses 2.5
Emergency Vehicles 2.5
Rickshaw 0.8
Source- URDPFI Guidelines, 2015

Table 2.7.9 Carriageway Width for Each Road Type

Width Of Each Width Of Each
Road Types Characteristics
Car Lane (m) Bus Lane (m)
Minimum 6 lanes divided 3.0 to 3.5m 3.5m ‐
Urban Expressway
(using a median) width each (segregated)
Minimum 6 lanes divided 3.0 to 3.5m 3.5m ‐
Arterial Road
(using a median) width each (segregated)
Minimum 4 lanes divided 3.0 to 3.5m 3.5m (segregated)
Sub Arterial Road
(using a median) width each or Painted lane

92
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022

Maximum 4 lanes of 3.0m

width each
Distributor/ (excluding marking) or 2 2 lanes of 3.0 to
Mixed traffic
Collector Roads lanes of 3.0 to 3.3m width 3.5m width each
eachwith or without an
intermittent median
1 to 2 lanes, (undivided); 2.75 to 3.0m
Local Street Not required
traffic calming is required width each
1 to 2 lanes, (undivided); of 2.75 to 3.0m
Access Street Not required
2.75 to 3.0m width each width each
Source- URDPFI Guidelines, 2015

Table 2.7.10 Required Width of Footpath

Description Width
Minimum free walkway width and residential/mixed use areas 1.8
Commercial/Mixed Use Areas 2.5
Shopping Frontages 3.5 to 4.5
Bus Stops 3
High Intensity Commercial Areas 4
Source- URDPFI Guidelines, 2015

Table 2.7.11 Design Volume Standards

Total Design Service Volume for different road category
Types of Carriageway
Arterial Sub-Arterial Collector
2‐Lane (one way) 2400 1900 1400
2‐lane (two way) 1500 1200 900
3‐lane (one way) 3600 2900 2200
4‐lane undivided (two way) 3000 2400 1800
4‐lane divided (two way) 3600 2900 -
6‐lane undivided (two way) 4800 3800 -
6‐lane divided (two way) 5400 4300 -
8‐lane divided (two way) 7200 - -
Source- URDPFI Guidelines, 2015

93
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Table 2.7.12 PCU Standards
Vehicle Type Equivalency factor
Passenger car, tempo, auto, jeep, vans, or agricultural tractor 1.0
Truck, bus, agricultural tractor‐trailer 3.0
Motor‐cycle, scooter and cycle 0.5
Cycle‐rickshaw 1.5
Horse drawn vehicle 4.0
Bullock cart 5.0
Hand‐cart 6.0
Source- URDPFI Guidelines, 2015

Table 2.7.13 Bus Terminal

Norms
Capacity of an intra‐city bus terminal 1.5 lakh passengers/day
One bus bay for 5000 passengers per day Loading
One bus bay for 10,000 passengers per day Unloading
Peak hour load 10% of daily passenger load
Occupancy/bus: 50 ideal
Time taken for loading 6 min; 12 min
Time taken for unloading 3min: 4min
Bus bays – Parking standards
Type of Parking Area/vehicle
Idle parking 145 sqm
Angular 76 sqm
Parallel 104 sqm
Source- URDPFI Guidelines, 2015

2.7.4 Physical Infrastructure

Table 2.7.14 Waste Generation
Land use type Estimated waste generation
Residential refuse 0.3 to 0.6 kg/cap/day
Commercial refuse 0.1 to 0.2 kg/cap/day

94
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022

Street sweepings 0.05 to 0.2 kg/cap/day

Institutional refuse 0.05 to 0.2 kg/cap/day
Source- URDPFI Guidelines, 2015

Table 2.7.15 Recommended Land Requirement Based on Capacities

Identified Capacities(MLD ) Land Requirement (Hectares)
5 0.10
10 0.19
50 0.93
100 1.87
200 3.73
500 9.34
Source- URDPFI Guidelines, 2015

Table 2.7.16 Water Requirement for Instituitional Buildings

Aspects Supply
Hospitals (340-450) Lpcd Per Bed
Hotels 180 Lpcd Per Bed
Hostels 135 lpcd
Nurses Homes and Medical Quarters 135 lpcd
Boarding Schools/Colleges 135 lpcd
Junction Station and Intermediate Station 70 lpcd
Terminal Stations 45 lpcd
Day Schools/Colleges 45 lpcd
Factories 45 lpcd
Restaurants 70 Lpcd Per Seat
Offices 45 Lpcd
Shops 20 Lpcd
Park Street Wash 10-15 Lpcd
Cinemas & Concert Halls 15 Lpcd
Fire Stations 1 % Of Total Demand
Public Purpose (20-25) lpcd
Sewerage 80% Of Total Water Supply

95
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Table 2.7.17 Slaughter House Waste Generation
Type of slaughter house Capacity annual Daily waste
Large Large animals>40,000, small animals>6,00,000 6-7 T/day
Large animals = 10,001-40,000,small animals
Medium 2-6 T/day
= 1,00,001-6,00,000
Large animals upto 10,000 small animals upto
Small 0.5-1 T/day
1,00,000
Source- URDPFI Guidelines, 2015

Table 2.7.18 Water Requirement for Industrial Units

Water Requirement in
Industry Unit of Production
Kilolitres per unit
Automobile Vehicle 40
Distillery Kilolitre (proof alcohol) 122‐170
Fertilisers Tonne 80‐200
Leather 100 kg (tanned) 4
Paper Tonne 200‐400
Special Quality paper Tonne 400‐1000
Straw board Tonne 75‐100
Petroleum refinery Tonne (crude) 1‐2
Steel Tonne 200‐250
Sugar Tonne 1‐2
Source- URDPFI Guidelines, 2015

2.7.5 Social Infrastructure

Table 2.7.19 Education

Category Population served per unit Area per unit (Ha)

Sr. Secondary School 7500 1.8
College 1.25 lakh 5.0
ITI 10 lakh 4
Source- URDPFI Guidelines, 2015

96
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Table 2.7.20 Sports Facility
Category Population served per unit Area per unit
Neighbourhood Play area 15000 1.5 ha
District Sports Centre 1 lakh 8.0 ha
Source- URDPFI Guidelines, 2015

Table 2.7.21 Safety

Category Population served per unit Area per unit (Ha)
Sub fire station/ Fire Post Within 3‐4 km radius 0.6
Fire Station 2 lakh population or 5‐7 km radius 1
Disaster Management Centre One in each administrative zone 1
City level (one site in Urban
Fire Training Institute/ College 3
extension)
Source- URDPFI Guidelines, 2015

Table 2.7.22 Healthcare

Category Population served per unit Area per unit (Ha)
Maternity centre 45000 – 1 lakh 0.20 – 0.30
General Hospital 2.5 lakh 6.00
Intermediate Hospitals 1lakh 1
Veterinary Hospital 5 lakh 0.2
Source- URDPFI Guidelines, 2015

Table 2.7.23 Socio-Culture

Category Population served per unit Area per unit (sqm)
Community Room 5000 750
Community hall & Library 15000 2000
Music, dance and drama centre 1 lakh 1000
Meditation and spiritual Centre 1 lakh 5000
Recreational Club 1 lakh 10000
Cremation Ground 5 lakh 25000
Burial Ground 5 lakh 40000
Source- URDPFI Guidelines, 2015

97
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Table 2.7.24 Open Space
Category Population served per unit Area per unit (Ha)
Community park 1 lakh 5.0
Community level Multipurpose
1 lakh 2
ground
District Park 5 lakh 25
Source- URDPFI Guidelines, 2015

Table 2.7.25 Distribution Services

Category Population served per unit Area per unit
Milk distribution 5000 150 sqm
LPG/Gas godown 40000-50000 520 ha
Compressed Natural Gas(CNG)/filling 1080 sqm
-
centre (36m x 30m)
Source- URDPFI Guidelines, 2015

2.8 Policies, Programs and Schemes

2.8.1 Housing
• Rajasthan Township Policy 2010
Objective
To promote integrated development of diverse cities by providing basic infrastructure amenities
and to protect the public's interest by ensuring the availability of cheap residential plots.
Provisions
It was felt that new policy guidelines for Smaller Residential Schemes, Group Housing, and
other schemes (other than townships) were needed to ensure that such schemes developed
smoothly and quickly throughout the State.
• National Urban Housing & Habitat Policy
Objective
The 2007 National Urban Housing & Habitat Policy aims to foster a variety of public
private partnerships in order to achieve the objective of "Affordable Housing For All," with a foc
us on the urban.

98
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Provisions
The Policy aims to promote habitat development in the country in order to ensure an equitable su
pply of land and services to all sections of society at affordable costs.
• Rajiv Avas Yojana
Objective
This is a new scheme of GOI to make urban areas slum free and it is likely to come into force in
the year 2010-11. Under this scheme subsidy amount is likely to be available for dwelling unit as
well as for infrastructure.
Provisions
This is a new GOI initiative to make metropolitan regions slum-free, and it is expected to go into
effect in 2010-11. Subsidies for both housing and infrastructure are likely to be available under
this system.

2.8.2 Industry
• CSR Policy
Objective
Is to promote socio economic development in rural areas, improve education, eradicate extreme
hunger and poverty, promote gender equality and empowering women, reducing child mortality
and improving maternal health, health care and sanitization, ensuring environmental
sustainability.
Provisions
Corporate social responsibility is the practice of integrating social and environmental goals into
business operations. Common roles of CSR include helping control costs, improve a company's
brand, attract top-quality talent and facilitate long-term financial success.
• Rajasthan Investment Promotion Scheme, 2019
Objective
To generate employment opportunities and promote rapid, sustainable and balanced economic
growth in the State of Rajasthan.
Provisions
To provide more and attractive benefits to eligible manufacturing and services sector.

99
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
• Industrial Policy ,2009
Objective
An industrial policy (IP) or industrial strategy of a country is its official strategic effort to
encourage the development and growth of all or part of the economy, often focused on all or part
of the manufacturing sector.
Provisions
The government takes measures "aimed at improving the competitiveness and capabilities of
domestic firms and promoting structural transformation.“ A country's infrastructure (including
transportation, telecommunications and energy industry) is a major enabler of the wider
economy and so often has a key role in IP.
• Mukhymantri Laghu Udhyog Prothsahan Yoajna (MLUPY)
Objective
This scheme has been launched with the objective of providing subsidized loans through
Financial Institution to facilitate the establishment of enterprises in the state and to provide new
employment opportunities to all sections of the society.
Provisions
Under the scheme Individual applicants as well as institutional applicants (self-help groups /
societies / partnership firms / LLP firms / companies) will also be eligible. The establishment of
the enterprise under the scheme will be Rajasthan State. The minimum age of the individual
applicant shall be 18 years.
• Rajasthan Industrial Development Policy 2019
Objective
to promoting inclusive, balanced, sustainable and eco-friendly industrial development, creating
infrastructure and employment opportunities, promoting balanced regional industrial
development to emerge Rajasthan as the most preferred investment destination in India
Provisions
to promoting inclusive, balanced, sustainable and eco-friendly industrial development, creating
infrastructure and employment opportunities, promoting balanced regional industrial
development to emerge Rajasthan as the most preferred investment destination in India.

100
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
2.8.3 Traffic and Transportation
• National Urban Transport Policy, 2014
Objective
To ensure that traffic moves freely and without being obstructed.To avoid accidents, fix potholes
and enhance road conditions.
Provisions
Recognize that people are at the centre of our cities, and that all plans should be for their benefit
and well-being.
To make our cities the most habitable in the world, allowing them to serve as the "engines of eco
nomic growth" that will drive India's development in the twenty-first century.
Allowing our cities to evolve into an urban form that is best adapted to the unique topography of
their places and best positioned to serve the city's core social and economic activities.
• Development & Operation of Bikaner-Suratgarh section of NH-62
Objective
Existing bridges and structures are being widened, and new bridges and structures are being built
, as well as road safety features.
Provisions
NH-62 play an vital part into the development of suratgarh. Therefore by strengthening the
government investing into the improvement of this section of the road.
• Rajasthan EV policy 2021
Objective
The goal of this policy is to boost two-wheeler and three-wheeler sales.
Provisions
Electric cars and SUVs are not included by the programme, and no major incentives are offered
to buyers of such vehicles. Only buyers of electric two-wheelers and three-wheelers are eligible
for the one-time subsidy.
• Road Improvement Project – From Parshuram Chowk to PHD Quarter
Objective
To ensure that traffic moves freely and without being obstructed.To fill the potholes and improve
the road condition to avoid accidents

101
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Provisions
To avoid accidents, fix potholes and enhance road conditions.

2.8.4 Physical Infrastructure

• Basic Services to the Urban Poor (BSUP)
Objective
The main objective of the sub-mission of Basic Services to the Urban Poor (BSUP) will be on
integrated development of slums through projects for providing shelter, basic services and other
civic amenities with a view to provide utilities to the urban poor.
Provisions
The main goal of the Basic Services to the Urban Poor (BSUP) sub-mission will be to provide
integrated development of slums through initiatives that provide shelter, basic services, and other
civic amenities to the urban poor.
• State urban sanitation policy 2009
Objective
Cities and towns become completely sanitised, healthy, and liveable, ensuring and maintaining g
ood public health and environmental outcomes for all of their citizens, with a special emphasis o
n hygienic and affordable sanitation facilities for the urban poor and women.
Provisions
Within a twoyear period, states will be urged to develop State Level Sanitation Strategies.
Cities that have been identified will be asked to develop model City Sanitation Plans within two
years.
Encourage publicprivate collaboration on major projects and activities listed in the city sanitation
plan.
• Swatch Bharat Abhiyan
Objective
To speed up efforts to attain universal sanitation coverage and to place sanitation front and centre
Provisions
All Indian villages, Gram Panchayats, Districts, States, and Union Territories declared themselve
s "opendefecation free" as part of the goal.Focus on providing interventions for the safe manage

102
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
ment of solid and liquid waste in villages to ensure that open defecationfree behaviours are perpe
tuated, that no one is left behind, and that solid and liquid waste management facilities are access

2.8.5 Social Infrastructure

• Nirogi Rajasthan
Objective
The main and fundamental goal of the Nirogi Rajasthan Scheme is to give a variety of health ser
vices and information to the general population via a website and toll-free phone number.
As a result, every Rajasthani resident should maintain a healthy and fit lifestyle. The people of R
ajasthan do not need to debate any health-related issues.
Provisions
A dedicated website and a call centre will be two key components of the effort to raise health aw
areness.People
will be able to post their healthrelated questions on the website, which will interactive.
• Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA)
Objective
To provide a high-quality primary education that includes life skills.
The SSA places a specific emphasis on the education of girls and children with special needs.
SSA also aims to bridge the digital gap by providing computer instruction.
Provisions
The initiative aims to build new schools in areas where there are none, as well as to improve
current school infrastructure by providing more classrooms, toilets, drinking water, maintenance
grants, and school improvement awards.

2.8.6 Heritage and Tourism

• Rajasthan Tourism Unit Policy 2015
Objective
The new policy was developed in accordance with the principles outlined in the 'Suraj Sankalp' P
olicy paper, as well as new developing trends in the tourist sector, representations from various st
akeholders, such as tourism and trade organisations, and ideas from other departments.

103
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Provisions
The Rajasthan Tourism Unit Policy, 2015 primarily addresses issues such as timebound land con
version for tourism units, including new hotels and heritage hotels, timebound approval of buildi
ng plans, grant of Patta to heritage hotels, and allotment of land for tourism units at DLC (Distric
t Level Committee) rates.
According to the current practise, the State Government can make property accessible for the est
ablishment and development of all sorts of tourism units.In both urban and rural areas, there will
be no conversion charges for land held by a tenant for the development of a tourism unit.
• Rajasthan Eco Tourims Policy
Objective
Conserve the existing biodiversity, ecosystems, heritage monuments, culture and traditions of the
state of Rajasthan. Offer memorable and high-quality learning experience to visitors, and
encourage collaborative nature conservation efforts. Promote engagement of local communities
in nature tourism in a manner that enriches local economy and encourages sustainable use of
indigenous materials through financially viable value chains
Provide opportunities to local communities to determine the appropriate presentation of their
cultural values by obtaining their informed consent and full participation in planning and
management of ecotourism business
Provisions
Rajasthan's wildlife, ecosystems, heritage monuments, culture, and customs should all be
preserved. Visitors should have a memorable and high-quality learning experience, and
collaborative nature conservation initiatives should be encouraged. Encourage local communities
to participate in nature tourism in a way that benefits the local economy and promotes the long-
term usage of indigenous materials through commercially viable value chains. Allow local
communities to decide how their cultural values should be presented by securing their informed
agreement and full participation in the planning and management of ecotourism businesses.

104
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
2.8.7 Environment and Disaster
• Rajasthan Sate Environmental Policy 2010
Objective
Environmental Resources Should Be Conserved and Improved Ensure the long-term viability of
key economic sectors Enhance Environmental Governance and Capacity-Building
Provisions
The Directorate would be in charge of all existing environmental institutes as well as those that a
re being formed or will be established in the state.The Directorate will undertake environmental
assessments at the planning level for development schemes, as well as establish and implement e
nvironmental conservation schemes, plans, and programmes.
• State disaster management policy 2014
Objective
A holistic, proactive and people centric approach will be adopted towards disaster management
Provisions
The policy provides for annual review and updating of the State Plan. The State Government
would make provisions for financing the activities to be carried out under the State Plan. It is
also obligatory for the departments of State Government to draw up their own plans in
accordance with the State Plan.

2.8.8 Energy
• Rajasthan Solar Energy Policy 2014
Objective
To address Rajasthan's and India's energy needs, a global solar power hub with a capacity of 25,0
00 MW is being built to Rajasthan's long-
term energy security as well as environmental security by reducing carbon emissions.
Providing a longterm, sustainable solution for satisfying energy needs while minimising reliance
on finite fossil fuel resources such as coal, oil, and gas.
Creating direct and indirect job possibilities in all activities related to solar power generating.Cre
ating a solar centre of excellence to focus on applied research and commercialization of emergin
g technologies in order to accelerate the transition to grid parity.

105
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Provisions
Develop a climate that allows for the installation of 25000 MW of solar electricity through state
or private firms, public-private partnerships, or individual efforts.
RREC will serve as a clearinghouse for projects.

2.8.9 Commercial and agriculture

• Rajasthan Agro-processing, Agri-business & Agri-export Promotion Policy 2019
Objective
To establish Rajasthan as a processing and supply hub for processed agricultural goods, as well a
s a preferred location for investors, processors, and exporters.
Provisions
Interest Subsidy on Term Loan Scheme (CIS) Capital Investment Subsidy Scheme (CIS)
Freight Subsidy Schemes/Electricity Tariffs/Adoption of Solar Energy Subsidies
2.9 Conclusion
This section includes framework for Master plan aims at the basic understanding of the concept
of master plan and its process. Various definitions are being studied and related concept which
helps for the further planning. Various policies, programs and schemes which are on-going has
been presented which will help in planning the proposals for the development of the town.
Norms and standards and general planning considerations are identified on the basis of which the
infrastructure development will carry out. Overall this section is the base for the next part of the
exercise.

106
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022

3 SECTION
VISION, PROJECTIONS AND REQUIREMENTS
This section includes the vision which is related to the concepts of the town and is the view of
the town in the future. It is an aspirational description of what an organization would like to
achieve or accomplish in the future. It is the combination of observations and outcomes framed
in the study. This section also includes the working of proposals based on the vision and need of
the town according to norms and standards provided with basis and assumptions.

3.1 Vision
Study of the major problems, potentials and constraints and SWOC analysis of the town is done
and the vision of town for future growth of the town is made for various proposals. For achieving
the vision various objectives are formulated which will help the town to develop in social,
economical, physical and environmental aspects in a define pattern so that there will be a
manageable growth of the town. Considering the vision further specific consideration and
planning strategies will be made for growth of the town.
Vision:-
“GOOD HEALTH GOOD URBAN DEVELOPMENT”
The aim of a healthy city is human health and planning
human settlements that offer the best opportunity for people
now and in the future to enjoy a good quality of life.
Suratgarh town under this vision will be made as an
environment where all people are engaged in productive
work, which will lead to enhancement in quality of life. A
healthy atmosphere and a harmonious relationship between
the people and environment within the town will be built for
mental and physical health of the people of the town. Figure 3.1.1 Healthy City
Various employment generation opportunities in trade and
commerce, agriculture and by attraction industries will lead to improvement in living standard
and social status.

107
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Why ―Good Health Good Urban Development‖?
Suratgarh town is having a well define administration setup, infrastructure related to education,
health, security and safety, transportation, water supply network etc. For economy they have
trade and commerce, small and medium industries, medical business, agriculture etc. Basic
requirement of the population are fulfilled within the town. It also has the potential in generation
of electricity through renewable energy under “Rajasthan Solar Energy Policy 2014” and having
existing electric grid infrastructure for electricity supply. Overall this town is having well
developed physical, economical and social infrastructure. Proposals for building of green spaces,
tourism activities under “Rajasthan Eco Tourism Policy”, more industries under “Rajasthan
Industrial Development Policy, 2019” and some social infrastructure will lead the town to be a
self reliant town. This all will lead to give a quality of life.
Many problems of the town will be solved by Greenfield development and green spaces in the
town. Problems related to air and noise pollution, dust particles in the atmosphere, high
temperature etc will be solved. People will involve in physical activities by providing green
spaces.
Our health and that of our planet depends on how cities are designed. Urban life poses challenges
that push us to rethink how we plan urban environments. The cities we want are cities designed
for people, places where we can live well and be healthy. Five key strategies to build healthy and
sustainable cities are:

Figure 3.1.2 Key Strategies of Healthy City

Objective:-
The objective is to improve the health of people as well as health of town and also to boost
tourism and heritage of the town to promote the intangible heritage. Industries and trade and
commerce in the town will be boosted for generating new opportunities for economy. To
overcome housing shortage and provide healthy housing in the town and to provide green spaces

108
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
in the town to solve the environmental related problems of the town. The other objective is to
built infrastructure that will give basic facilities and promote people towards health. Also to
improve the agricultural setup of the town as well as to promote use of renewable energy for
healthy environment.

3.2 Projections and Requirements

3.2.1 Local Planning Area
Population projection
It is important to project the future population, as it would provide the base for working out the
landuse and infrastructure requirements. The population is the prime factor of the judgment for
the master plan, since it defines the quantum of the existing extents for the development and
future requirement by the needed projections. The past population trends and the future growth
pattern of the population defines the need and the extent of the infrastructure development and
development of the habitat. The population projections for LPA have been done by 3 methods.
The methods used for projecting population are:
1. Arithmetic Progression Method.
2. Geometric Progression Method.
3. Incremental Increase Method.
The population projection is done based upon the population of 2011 and the previous
populations of 2001 and 1991. The population is projected for census year 2021, 2031 and 2041
respectively.
Assumption: For projection we have considered the growth rate of previous year. Bhagwansar(1
SGM) having cantonment area due to which population is high and it will have their own
infrastructure. (refer table 3.2.1)
Total population of villages in LPA region in 1991 is 45,656; 2001 is 56,263 and 2011 is 76,651.
Table 3.2.1 Total LPA population projection

Projected Population
Projection Methods
2021 2031 2041
Arithmetic Progression Method 92,149 1,07,646 1,23,144
Geometric Progression Method 93,121 1,14,194 1,41,359
Incremental Increase Method 1,01,930 1,36,989 1,81,830
Average Population 95,733 1,19,610 1,48,777
Source:- Computed value

109
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Work force projection
The overall work force of the local planning area has increased up to 21.8%. This increase in
growth rate is due to agriculture potential of the area. However work force of some villages
decreased decadal from 2001 to 2011.
Keeping such trend and future expansion possibility in consideration, the prediction of workforce
would be done using:
1. Arithmetic Progression Method.
2. Geometric Progression Method.
The total working population for Suratgarh‟s local planning area has been calculated by referring
the past trends of 2011.
Assumption: For projection we have considered the growth rate of previous year.
Total work force of villages in LPA region in 2001 is 30,385 and 2011 is 38,842. (refer table
3.2.2)
Table 3.2.2 Total LPA work force projection

Projected Population
Projection Methods
2021 2031 2041
Arithmetic Progression Method 47,299 55,756 64,213
Geometric Progression Method 47,258 59,145 75,304
Average Population 47,278 57,450 69,759
Source:- Computed value

3.2.2 Demography and Socio-economic

In order to quantify the proposals for calculating the requirements it is important to first carry out
the projection of the town. The projection of population will be for 20 years. The infrastructure
will be provided according to the projected population.
Basis and assumptions for population projection
It is assumed that the population will increase with a positive growth rate in future. In last three
decades population increasing with decreasing growth rate due to increase in out migration, lack
of employment opportunities and infrastructure and will change in future.
With the establishment of industries, institutes and the commercial activity the more population
will be attracted and the population will be increasing at increasing rate. For the first decadal
year, we assumed the growth rate to be 21.9 % to decrease the out migration and stabiles the
growth and economic growth.

110
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
By 2031 the growth rate will be 22.9% on the assumption that the initial set up of industry would
be successful, out migration is controlled and new projects to be set up bringing new
employment opportunities in the town.
Moreover, tertiary activities have also come along. So from above the Growth Rate assumed to
be 21.9 % percent till 2031 and will increase by 3% to next decade , hence from 2031 to 2041
population will increase at 25%.While it may not be possible to make an accurate forecast, the
expectation is that the population of Suratgarh is 1,28,268 in the year 2041.
However, requirement of land, provision of infrastructure and transportation, etc. should be
planned according to the projected population.
Projected Population by Geometric Increase Method
This method is based on the assumption that percentage increase in population from decade to
decade remains constant.
PWF = PO (1 + I/100) N
(PWF = Projected population, I = Growth rate/decrease, PO = Existing population, N = Number
of decades.) (refer table 3.2.3 and 3.2.4)
Table 3.2.3 Projected Population by Geometric Mean Method 2031
Sr. Increase in Incremental Growth Rate
Year Population
no Population X Increase (in %)
1 1981 29815 - - -
2 1991 45870 16055 - 53.85
3 2001 61639 15769 -286 34.037
4 2011 70536 8897 -6,872 14.34
5 2021 84110 13574 4,677 19.24
Total 54,295 -2,481
Average Increase (C) 13,574 -827
Source- Computed Values

P (2031) =84110*(1+22/100)^1
P (2031) =1, 02,614
Table 3.2.4 Projected Population by Geometric Mean Method 2041
Sr. Increase in Incremental Growth Rate
Year Population
no Population X Increase (in %)
1 1981 29815 - - -
2 1991 45870 16055 - 53.85
3 2001 61639 15769 -286 34.037
4 2011 70536 8897 -6,872 14.34
5 2021 84110 13574 4,677 19.24

111
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
6 2031 102614 18504 4930 21.99
Total 72,799 -2,449
Average Increase (C) 14,560 612
Source- Computed Values

P (2041) =102614*(1+25/100)^1
P (2041) =1, 28,268
The figure 3.2.1 shows the population
140,000
projection by using Geometric Mean 120,000
100,000

Population
Method is taken because it gives
80,000
maximum population projection value 60,000
40,000
than others, it is better to plan for more
20,000
than. So according to the vision of town 0
1981 1991 2001 2011 2021 2031 2041
we can assumed growth rate of the town
will lead to population of 1, 28,268 in Figure 3.2.1 Projected Population
2041.
The population of the town is increasing according to the previous decades the population will
increased according to the infrastructure is provided in the town year by year. So the projection
is done for the next 20 years the proposals is provided for the requirement of the city there is
need of the town for survive. The data of the previous decades show how the city developed.

3.2.3 Housing
Housing requirement
Table 3.2.5 Housing Requirements
M.C.
Total projected population(2041) 128268
Households for projected population 25654
Total houses for projected population(DUR=1.1) 6160/1.1=23322
Existing shortage of houses 2509
2% bad condition houses 230
Housing Demand 26061
Source- Computed Values

112
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Table 3.2.6 Residential Land use
Assumed Assumed
Existing % Total Area of
Class area one plot % Plots
% plot plots(sq.m)
(sq.m)
HIG 15% 250 20% 100 5212 1303000
MIG 50% 180 45% 100 11727 2110860
LIG 35% 80 30% 100 7818 625440
EWS 0% 60 5% 100 1303 78180
TOTAL 4117480
Source- Computed Values

Plot sizes according to Rajasthan Housing Policy

Total housing area = 412 hec
Circulation area (18%) = 74 hec
Park area (20%) = 82 hec
Total neighborhood area = 568 Hectare
Basis
• It will include present shortage and also the future requirements of the housing unit.
• According to the projection, 128268 Population are projected and the family size is
considering 5 according to the town scenario than we calculate the number of household.
Assumption
Dwelling unit ratio is an assumed 1.1 that means the 10% of the population are in joint family or
tenant. Development will be taken according to Rajasthan Building By-Laws.
This value is taken with the future prediction because in the future most of the family will get
nuclear rather than joint it is only due to the follow of western culture by the Indian people. In
Suratgarh, 2506 housing shortage is there and after all the calculation we will find the housing
demand i.e. 26061. (refer table 3.2.5 and 3.2.6)
3.2.4 Industry and Industrial Infrastructure
Current Land Use and Situtation:-
Area under Scheme = 82.17 Acres (33.25 Hec) Used Land = 43.4 Acres (17.5 Hec)
Area under Plots = 54.00 Acres (21.86 Hec) Vacant Land = 10.6 Acres (4.29 Hec)
Area under Roads = 17.24 Acres (6.98 Hec) Yearly Growth Rate = 2 %
Area under Services = 9.77 Acres (3.96 Hec) Workforce growth Rate = 36%
Area under Open = 1.16 Acres (0.46 Hec)

113
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Table 3.2.7 Industrial Projection
Number of units
Sr. no. Years Total
Small Medium
1 2011-12 61 38 99
2 2012-13 69 38 107
3 2013-14 76 39 115
4 2014-15 77 42 119
5 2015-16 60 42 102
6 2016-17 59 36 95
7 2017-18 60 42 102
8 2018-19 62 43 105
9 2019-20 64 45 109
10 2020-21 67 46 113
11 2021-31 73 51 124
12 2031-41 80 56 136
Source- Computed Values

Growth Rate of Industries

20

10

-10

-20
%age growth rate %age growth rate

Figure 3.2.2 Projected Growth of Industries

Assumptions:-
There was a drop in number of industries in 2016 due demonetisation is the reason behind this.
We assume that in future the industries will grow due to the policies like Rajasthan Industrial
Development Policy 2019, Invest Rajasthan 2022, Rajasthan State Industrial Development And
Investment Corporation (RIICO) , Mukhymantri Laghu Udhyog Prothsahan Yoajna (MLUPY).
The Suratgarh is well connected with National Highway, State Highway and District network
(NH-15) with underground water supply and electricity supply. This entire new road network
will help the new industries to get established and flourished. The resources will easily be
allocated.

114
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
The Total workable population out of total population present in Whole LPA area including MC
& LPA rural is 49% at the moment and out of this only 33% workers who are engaged in various
field such as cultivation, agricultural labour, Industries, Trade and commerce, etc. We are
assuming that 2% of existing industries will grow every year, as we have studied other cases of
industrial town like Kishangarh & Tezpur town (Assam)
Suratgarh town and Suratgarh RIICO is suitable for the medium and small scale industries with
BalChand Cotton industry, Kisan cold storage and ice factory, Shri ram cotton mills, Chamunda
agro works, Suratgarh oil and general mills etc. Due to MLUPY a boom in small scale industries
can be seen in the Suratgarh town. The District have 11.19Lacs MT production of wheat with top
production in state, 3.3Lac MT of mustard and 13121MT of groundnut production, Export
quality Kinnow with 2.8 Lac MT of production. Therefore, Industries in Suratgarh will grow in
fourth coming years. Oil mills, Cotton ginning, pressing and spinning units are flourishing in
Suratgarh town in recent years.
Under the Invest Rajasthan Promotion Scheme (RIPS) 2022 Proposal, Agro processing, sectors
are going to be provided with @5% interest subsidy up to Rs. 25lakh/year for 5Years or @25%
capital subsidy up to Rs. 50 lakhs . This will boost the current industrial scenario of the
suratgarh. Scheme and policies like Prime Minister's Employment Generation
Programme (PMEGP) and Mukhyamantri Laghu Udhyog Protsahan Yojana (MLUPY), Make in
india 2014, Invest Rajasthan 2022, Rajasthan Industrial Development Policy 2019 will help to
establish new Industries in Suratgarh Town. Prime Minister's Employment Generation
Programme (PMEGP) and Mukhyamantri Laghu Udhyog Protsahan Yojana (MLUPY) are
currently working in Sri Ganganagar district providing loans from 10 lakh to 10 Crore for
setting up small and medium scale industries. (refer table 3.2.7 and figure 3.2.2)
Workforce Projections

Work Force
60000 50
50000 40
40000 30
30000 20
20000
10000 10
0 0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
year 1981 1991 2001 2011 2021 2031 2041
workforce 8518 12394 17073 21752 29582 40231 54714
Growth rate 45 38 27 36 36 36

year workforce Growth rate

Figure 3.2.3 Projected Workforce 115

 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Workforce has been projected by Average Annual Growth Rate Method The workers for
employment activities such as primary, secondary and tertiary are projected and total workforce
has been calculated.
Assumptions
The value of workforce growth rate for 1981-2011 for primary, secondary and tertiary activities
are 45%, 38% and 27% respectively and the average of it has been taken as growth rate for
future decades i.e. till 2041. (refer figure 3.2.3)

3.2.5 Trade and Commerce

Provision for 1 informal eating‐place per 1 lakh population with a space allocation of
2000 sqm (NBC, 2005 part 3).
Table 3.2.8 Proposed Community Centre
Standard (
Area( URPFI
Hierarchy URPFI Existing Requirement
Guidelines)
Guidelines)
Community 1 for 100000 0 1 5 ha
Centre
Source- Computed Values

Basis & Assumption

As retail shops is already present in a large area so we like to give more informal activity to have
an economics opportunity to the poor and due to the proposal of industry there is requirement of
wholesale activities, warehouse and godowns. There is a illegal encroachment on the road, so,
we have proposed organized informal area at one locations. This plan outlines that no street
vendor can carry out any sale at any other place except the spot allotted to them. This will help to
reduce traffic problems and problem of encroachment in the town. (refer table 3.2.8)

3.2.6 Traffic and Transportation

Projected Traffic Volume and V/C Ratio
Table 3.2.9 Projected Growth of Traffic
Assumed Assumed
V/C Decadal Annual Projected Projected
Chowk Stretch
Ratio Growth Rate Growth Rate PCU 2041 V/C Ratio
(2031) (2041)
Agrasen Towards Bikaner 0.4 40% 40% 3006 0.8
Chowk Towards Bus 0.3 40% 40% 560 0.6

116
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022

Stand
Towards Indira 0.7
0.3 40% 40% 2842
Circle
Towards 0.2
Peepal Hanumangarh 0.1 40% 40% 664
Chowk
Towards SH 94 0.1 40% 40% 913 0.2
Towards 0.7
0.3 45% 45% 2486
Suratgarh
Towards Bikaner 0.1 40% 40% 677 0.2
Indira
Circle Towards 0.2 80% 80% 2627
0.8
Thermal Plant
Towards 1
0.3 80% 80% 4642
Manaksar
Towards Indira 0.8
0.3 80% 80% 3201
Circle
Towards 0.4
0.1 80% 80% 1486
Manaksar Hanumangarh
Chowk Towards 0.6
0.1 80% 80% 1923
Ganganagar
Towards 0.3
0.1 80% 80% 1215
Anupgarh
Source- Computed Values

Basis and Assumptions

The above table 3.2.9 shows the projected v/c ratio for 2041 based upon the assumed decadal
growth rate of traffic volume. The growth rate is assumed according to the proposed
infrastructure and hierarchy of the road.. As to decrease the dependency on private vehicles, the
public transport is proposed which decreases the vehicular growth and traffic congestion in the
town. So, the growth rate for every stretch is assumed at minimum level. At agrasen chowk, the
assumed decadal growth rate is 40% and also at peepal chowk, the assumed growth rate is same
i.e. 40% a there are collector roads and local roads.
At indira circle, the road towards town is proposed with 45% growth rate because of the
connectivity with national highway 62 and towards Bikaner is 40% as the traffic is less in
existing study also. Road towards thermal plant and manaksar chowk is proposed with 80%
growth rate as it is a arterial road. Manaksar chowk is meeting point of all highways towards
nearby towns which is considered as arterial road and its assumed decadal growth is 80%. After
assuming growth rate, the projected highest v/c ratio comes out to be 1 which means reasonable
flow of traffic and there will be little congestion.
117
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Table 3.2.10 Projected Modal Split
Existing Modal Split 2022 Proposed Model Split 2041
Chowk Stretch
Public Private Public Private
Towards Bikaner 5.3 94.7 45 55
Agrasen Towards Bus Stand 4.2 95.8 45 55
Chowk Towards Indira 55 45
9.7 90.3
Circle
Towards 35 65
Peepal 7.6 92.4
Hanumangarh
Chowk
Towards SH 94 8.5 91.5 55 45
Towards Suratgarh 8.7 91.3 35 65
Towards Bikaner 7.5 92.5 45 55
Indira
Towards Thermal 55 45
Circle 10.3 89.7
Plant
Towards Manaksar 6.2 93.8 35 65
Towards Indira 55 45
9.8 90.2
Circle
Towards 35 65
Manaksar Hanumangarh 2.9 97.1
Chowk
Towards 35 65
1.8 98.2
Ganganagar
Towards Anupgarh 2.7 97.3 35 65
Source- Computed Values

Basis and Assumptions

The above table 3.2.10shows the shifting mode from private to public transport. Earlier the
dependency on private modes is 93% but after proposing public transport, intermediate public
transport like e-rickshaws and assuming vehicular growth rate, the dependency on private modes
will be decreased to 57%. The dependency on public transport will be increased from 7% to 43%
till 2041 which will be the betterment of the environment, people and economic status of the
town as public transport generates employment opportunities which will increase the workforce
thus generating the income. The dependency percentage is assumed according to the National
Urban Transport Policy, 2014.
Proposed Street Lights
Table 3.2.11 Proposed Street Lights
Roads Street Lights Required
National Highway 62 137
State Highway 94 148

118
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022

Suratgarh-Ganganagar Road 33
Bikaner Road 29
Badopal Road 86
Chavi Cinema Road 10
Railway Road 7
City Road 73
Proposed 25m Road 265
Proposed 20m Road 1490
Source- Computed Values

Basis and Assumptions

The above table 3.2.11 shows the number of street lights required in the town. According to the
IRC Codes, the space between the two poles should be 30m. It is assumed that having street
lights in the village reduce the dark spots and chances of accidents especially during night and
increases the safety. Street lights also enhances the road infrastructure and road geometry. There
is need of street lights as there are no street lights on highways and some street lights are
required on the existing street light roads as per need in the town and it is assumed that every
road should have it for its development.

3.2.7 Physical Infrastructure

Water Requirements
Water Requirement Basis for requirements; As we see the decadal growth of the city is
increasing at a increasing rate, the requirements of physical infrastructure in 2041
Table 3.2.12 Water Requirement for 2041
Total Population (2021) 84,110
Standard according to (URDPFI Guidelines) 135 lpcd
Water required in 2021 11354850 litre = 2999634 gallon
Water supply in 2021 (70 lpcd) 5887700 litre= 1555366 gallon
Water supply in 2041
Projected population (2041) 1,28,268
Standard according to (URDPFI Guidelines) 135 lpcd
Water requirement in 2041 17316180 litre =4574451 gallon
Source- Computed Values

119
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Table 3.2.13 Social infrastructure water requirements
Propose
URDPFI Assumed Total water
Social Facilities d Area lpcd
Standards Population requirement
number
Meditation&
spiritual Centre 1 lakh 1 5000 sqm 25000 45 11,25,000
Recreational 10000
1 lakh 1 75000 45 33,75,000
Club sqm
Disaster One in each
Management administrative 1 1 Ha 30 340 10,200
Centre zone
Fire Training City level
Institute/ (one site in
1 3 Ha 50 45 2,250
College Urban
extension)
Total 4512450 liter
Source- Computed Values

Table 3.2.14 Commercial & Industrial water requirements

Land use Standards Area (ha) Water requirements
Commercial 198 l/acr 92.62/ 229 acr 45342 litre
Industrial 1320 l/acr 76.81/ 190 acr 250800 litre
Source- Computed Values

Table 3.2.15 Land Use Water Requirement

Land use Water Requirement in litres Water Requirement in gallons
Residential 17316180 4574451
Commercial 45342 11978
Public semi public 4512450 1192063
Industrial 250800 66255
Total 22124772 5844747
Source- Computed Values

Table 3.2.16 Total water demand in 2041

Total water demand in 2041 22124772 litres 5844747 gallons
Backlog water 5467150 litres 1444268 gallons
Total water 27591922 litres 7289015 gallons
Source- Computed Values

1) Fire Requirement
1% of total Water Required=275919 Litres
2) OHR (Over Head Reservoir)
Total Population(2021) = 84,110
Projected Population(2041)= 1,28,268

120
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Existing OHR= 11
According to bureau of Indian standards on OHR served to 8000 population
11 Served to = 8000*11= 88,000 Population
Requirement for 1,28,268 population 88,000 population = 40,268
1 served to = 8000 population
8000 served to = 1/8000
OHR served to 40,268 population = 1*40,268/8000 = 5 OHR
3) Sewerage Requirements:
According to standards sewerage is 80% of water supply.
Assumptions According to assumption sewerage = 80% of 27591922 (2041)
= 22073538 L/Day
= 22.07 MLD
Sewerage Treatment plant
According to URDPFI 1 MLD OF sewerage = 0.15 hec of land required for MLD
= 22.07 MLD * 0.15
=3.3 hec area required for STP
1 STP is required for future population with capacity of 22 MLD
4) Public Toilet Requirement
Table 3.2.17 Toilets Required
Present toilets 5
50 person use a seat 1 according to (URDPFI Guidelines)
1 seat use per day 1/50 person
2655 person use toilet 1/50*2655 = 53 approx
Source- Computed Values
5) Solid Waste Generation
It has been assumed that 600g of waste will be produce by per person per day as less waste are
produce in urban area.
Table 3.2.18 Projected Household Waste
Household waste
Total population(2041) 1,28,268
Waste generated per person/per day 0.6
Waste generated (kg) 76961
Bio-medical waste (5% of total waste) 3848
Total Waste generated (Kg) 80809
Tonnes 80.8

121
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Assumption
• Due to more number of agro based industries and the residential area 60% of the waste is
assumed to be organic
• Organic waste = 60/100*80.8 =48.4tonnes =48400kgs for bio-gas plant for energy
• Inorganic waste = 40/100*80.8 =32.3tonnes=32300kgs for composting plant to generate
manures
• The organic waste can be composted
• Waste collection to be done at the neighbourhood level and then final waste to be collected in
the landfill site.
Area of compost plant = 25m2 for 1 ton / day(as per URDPFI)
• Therefore, for 32.3 tonnes
• Area required for compost plant = 32.3 x 25= 807.5 m2 / day
• As the organic waste needs 45 days to become manure
• Therefore, 807.5 x 45 = 36,338 m2 (3.6 hectares)
• Considering 15% of the area for machinery activities 0.15* 36,338 = 5,450.7 sq.mt
• Total area = 36,338 + 5,450.7 = 41,788.7 sq.mt.(4.1 hectares) (refer table 3.2.19)
*Note- It is assumed that 60% of the household waste is non-biodegradable or inorganic waste
which will be converted into manures through composting
Table 3.2.19 Requirements of Composting Plant
Total waste generated (kg) 80809
Area required for 7200 kg 3000 sq.m
Area required for 1 kg 0.41 sq.m
Area required for 80809 kg 33,131.69 sq.m or 3.3 hec
Source- Composting Plant

Table 3.2.20 Manpower and Vehicles Requirements

Aspect Type Existing Norms Required
Manpower Sweeper 119 1 for 625 population 86
Sanitary Inspector 1 1 per 70 Sweeper 2
Chief Sanitary 1 1 per Lakh population -
inspector
Vehicle Auto 75 1 for 1000 houses -
Source- Computed Values

122
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
3.2.8 Social Infrastructure
Social infrastructures in the town are in abundance and fulfill the requirements of present and
future projected population. To build the social infrastructure according to the vision, projections
are made and area required is calculated.
Basic Requirements
Quality of education facilities in the City must be improved. There should be more and advanced
equipments in hospitals for the improvement of health facilities and medical business in the City.
Neighbourhood play areas in the town and well maintenance of the existing parks, grounds and
stadium in the City. Some more infrastructure requirements in the town are:
Table 3.2.21 Social infrastructure requirements

Municipal Area
Existing Proposed Total
Social Facilities URDPFI Standards Required Area
numbers number area
Community Park 0 1 lakh 1 1 5 Ha 5 Ha
Meditation and 5000 5000
0 1 lakh 1 1
spiritual centre sqm sqm
10000 10000
Recreational Club 0 1 lakh 1 1
sqm sqm
Disaster One in each
0 1 1 1 Ha 1 Ha
Management Centre administrative zone
Fire Training City level (one site in
0 1 1 3 Ha 3 Ha
Institute/College Urban extension)
Source:- URDPFI Guidelines, 2014

As per the URDPFI guidelines, number of senior secondary schools and Community Park that
are present now in 2022 fulfils the requirement for future projected population of the town. But
in case of senior secondary school, the residents of newly developed area should have a school in
1 to 2 km distance from their house and thus one school is required there. And in case of
Community Park, the area which existing Community Park in the town having is 1 Ha and the
area which is required as per the URDPFI guidelines is 5 Ha, thus a proper Community Park is
required. (refer table 3.2.21)

123
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
3.2.9 Tourism and Heritage
Natural heritage such as sand dunes are the potential to the city. Sodal fort is in poor condition.
However its still signifying that Suratgarh was once a significant arena of historical incidences in
the ancient past. (Marked on the map.) Suratgarh is home to the some of the tribal population of
Rajasthan like Nats, Raika, Bhil, Garasia, Saharia. Meena, Damor, Kathodi, Patelia, Kanjar,
Gardalia lauhar etc. and they live in the remote areas such as Manaksar, Piperan, Rampura and
Bhagwansar of Suratgarh tehsil
Tourist Projections
Tourist increased over the year in the town. Only in 2020 due to Covid-19 a drop in number of
tourist can be seen in the Suratgarh town. Due to the presence of Central state farm and
Suratgarh thermal power plant, mostly educational tourism is observed in the town. Tourism It
has increased at an average yearly growth rate of 4.29% from 2010-2019. Average Annual
Growth Rate Method has been adopted to calculate the tourist inflow of every year starting from
2021 to 2041. (refer table 3.2.22 and 3.2.23)
Table 3.2.22 Tourist Projection

Year Projected No. of Tourists

2021-26 1520
2026-31 2310
2031-36 3511
2036-41 5336
Source- Computed Values

Assumption
Average decadal growth rate is supposed to be increased with the rate of 52%. With new
facilities we will achieve thus growth rate in every coming 5 years.
Table 3.2.23 Projected Tourist Growth
Year No. of Tourists Annual growth rate (%)

2010 460 -----

2011 500 8.6

2012 540 8

2013 560 3.7

124
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022

2014 580 3.5

2015 600 3.44

2016 620 3.3

2017 636 2.58

2018 680 6.91

2019 700 2.94

Average Annual Growth Rate (%) 4.29

2021 (Assumed) 1000

Source- Computed Values

3.3 Conclusion
Projections and requirements are worked out in order to fill the existing gaps in the town. This
section deals with aspect wise assumptions and requirements which are calculated to fulfill
demand to achieve the objectives of the town. The requirements are calculated considering the
proposed infrastructure.

125
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022

4 SECTION - 4
CONCEPTUAL PLAN & PROPOSALS
This section includes concept plan of the town based on the different theories according to
existing infrastructure and proposed infrastructure which is the base for the proposed landuse
plan. Conceptual plan provides approach for the further planning according to the vision. This
section also includes spatial location and details of the proposals according to the projections and
requirements.

4.1 Conceptual Plan

The conceptual plan is a preliminary plan/ design giving the schedule of requirements, general
approach, and alternative concepts/solutions for the consideration of the client and his comments
suggestions and choice of a preferred alternative for further detailing.
The Conceptual plan will be including residential, commercial, public/semi-public, parks & open
spaces etc. The residential area is based on a neighborhood concept. It consists of a radius of one
half a miles based on the walk able distance from any part of a neighborhood unit.
A residential area will be proposed on both sides of the Badopal Road on the eastern side of the
city and around existing residential for compatibility. The concept of new residential is on the
behalf of neighborhood concept.
Commercial Area will be proposed in the new sector development to decentralize the
commercial area. It will serve the city as well as the whole region. Commercial areas and Parks
are also provided in the sectors as per the neighborhood concept to fulfill the daily based needs.
Physical Infrastructure will be proposed in the proposed residential, commercial, industrial and
public/ semi-public area and in which area that is unserved existing in the city. New sewerage
treatment will be proposed in the north direction due to the natural slope of the city. The landfill
site and the composting plant will be proposed in A fire and safety institute will be proposed in
the city. (refer map 4.1.1)

126
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Map 4.1.1 Conceptual Plan

127
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022

4.2 Proposed Landuse 2041

Table 4.2.1 Proposed Landuse Distribution
Existing land Norms & Proposed land use
Additional
Sr. use Standards
Category Area
No. Area % age (% age) Area (ha) % age
Required
(ha)
1. Residential 543.36 54 43-48 1120.01 60 576.65
2. Commercial 59.76 6 4-6 92.62 5 32.86
3. Industrial 28.33 3 7-9 76.81 4 48.48
4. Public & 200.44 20 6-8 225.08 12 24.64
Sem-Public
5. Open
13.03 1 12-14 116.03 7 103
Spaces
6. Circulation 169.16 17 10-12 220.1 12 51
7. Total 1014 100 1851 100 837
Source- Computed Values

The Total area of the municipal limit is increased

from 1014 ha to 1851 ha according to the
requirements. The Residential area is increased
from 543.36 ha. to 1120.1 ha. New development
towards the Badopal Road. The total residential
area is 1120.01 ha. i.e., 61% of the total area,
which is more than enough as per URDPFI norms.
The area under the commercial activity is also
Figure 4.2.1 Proposed Landuse distribution
increased to 92.62 ha. From 59.76 ha i.e. 5% of the 2041
total land use and evenly distributed to cater for the need of residents in the future, and to
minimize the impact of the future population of the central commercial area of the city.
The industrial area is increased from 28.33 ha. To 76.81 ha. i.e., 4% of the total land use.
24.64 ha i.e., 1.3 % Of the total area is proposed under the public and semi-public which includes
Sewerage treatment plant, meditation centre, recreational club, Disaster management centre, fire
and safety institute, and relocate the landfill site and composting plant to fulfil our vision of the
healthy city.
Open spaces increase from 1% to 7% to achieve the healthy city vision. Open spaces include
playgrounds, parks etc. it will also help in water recharging. (refer map 4.2.1)

128
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Map 4.2.1 Proposed Landuse

129
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022

4.3 Proposed Density

As seen in the map the population density is divided into
three different zones high density, medium density and Proposed Density
low density. In existing town there are 45 wards and now 13%
22%
after the extension of the municipal limit we proposed.
High
According to URDPFI Guidelines, Suratgarh lies in the Medium
category of Medium town II with population of 1,28,268 Low

for 2041. According to standard range density of medium 65%

town is from 100-150 pph. The de-densification has been

Figure 4.3.1 Proposed Density
done in the core area by shifting of the activities towards
peripheral areas of the town to ensure the wholesome development. There are 6 wards which
have density more than density norms and 8 wards have lower than the density norm. The high
density wards are 11, 21, 30, 31, 39, 41 which are having the high density zones low density
wards are 1, 2,16,23,24,25,26,35,36,38
Old city abadi part is high density zone, coarse grain having some narrow lanes and high storeys
and major commercial area is there. New constructed city part to north east is relatively lower
density therefore it lies in medium density zone having 65%. Proposed zone in east comes in low
density zones with very fine grain plots. In the town 13% is a high density zone, 65% is medium
density and 22% is low density zones according to future development. (refer map 4.3.1)

130
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Map 4.3.1 Proposed Density

131
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022

4.4 Housing
In our proposal for a Healthy
HIG MIG LIG EWS
compact city to fulfill all the
5%
requirements to achieve that
concept we proposed about 568 20%

acres of development. We 30%

assumed 20% HIG, 45% MIG,

30% LIG and 5% EWS to fulfill 45%
the housing need of the town.
That development includes
housing backlogs and future Figure 4.4.1 Proposed Housing Distribution
housing needs of the city, basic infrastructure like
commercial area and parks for frequent connectivity
from one place to other without any congestion. (refer
figure 4.4.1)

In Suratgarh, 2506 housing shortage is there and after

all the calculation we will find the housing demand i.e.
26061.Development will be taken according to
Rajasthan Building by- Laws. The residential area of
the town developed class wise HIG in the North-west
direction of the city and at the centre mixed HIG and
MIG and LIG and in the east side MIG and in the
south-west direction there is LIG due to the land value
in less in this direction.(Refer Map 4.4.1)
Figure 4.4.2 Neighborhood Planning
New residential development in Suratgarh is based on Jaipur sector model, it will cover 355 hac.
area and it will be following the neighbourhood concept of planning. 20% of Proposed area will
go to HIG, 45% will go to the MIG, 30% will go to the LIG and remaining 5% will go to the
EWS. (The proposed dwelling unit is 1:1 according to norms and Standards). (refer figure 4.4.2)

132
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Map 4.4.1 Proposed Housing

133
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022

4.5 Industry and Industrial Infrastructure

The existing Area of the industry is 33.26 hac and the proposed area of the industry is 44.88 hac
in which 65% of the are a will be under plots and 20% under roads and reaming 15 % will be
used for Other services. Suratgarh has a great potential for ethno medicine pharmaceutical
industry. Medium and small industries (Green and white category industries) are goings to be
there.
Scheme like Prime Minister's Employment Generation Programme (PMEGP) and
Mukhyamantri Laghu Udhyog Protsahan Yojana (MLUPY) are currently working in Sri
Ganganagar district providing loans from 10 lakh to 10 Crore for setting up small and medium
scale industries single-window system will male it easier for masses to establish industries.
In a 2016 study, an ethno-botanical survey was carried by International Journal of Applied
Research in Rural areas of Suratgarh. 30 types of ethno- medicinal plants with healing properties
were found. These 30 plants which are belonging to different families were collected from
Manaksar, Piperan, and Rampura and Bhagwansar of Suratgarh tehsil for the research work
In the end off the research work found that these plants were once used as traditional medicines
and can be use for the treatment of various health problems, Primary health care and the
treatment of various health disorders. Therefore, Suratgarh has a great potential for ethno
medicine pharmaceutical industry
The existing Area of the industry is 33.26 hac and the proposed area of the industry is 44.88 hac
in which 65% of the are a will be under plots and 20% under roads and reaming 15 % will be
used for Other services.
In new industrial area 184 industries will come, majority of them will small scale and category
wise all will be white and green and an ethno-botanical medicinal hub will be created in
Suratgarh. (refer map 4.5.1)

134
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Map 4.5.1 Proposed Industry

135
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022

4.6 Trade and Commerce

With increasing population of the city the city require a
community Centre and local shops to enhance the
workability of Trade and Commerce in the city. (refer
figure 4.6.1). Due to urbanisable limit increased and the
area increased from 1067 Ha to 1762 Ha increased so the
pervious commercial area decreased i.e. 3%. So we add
3% of total area into commercial area to fulfill the Figure 4.6.1 Existing scenario of
Informal sector
commercial need of the city. Now the percentage is 6%. We
will provision of community shopping centre near the
proposed residential area. There is an illegal encroachment
on the road, so, we have proposed organized informal area
at one location. This will help to reduce traffic problems
and problem of encroachment in the town. (refer figure
4.6.2) Figure 4.6.2 Conceptual view of
Provision for 1 informal eating‐place per 1 lakh proposed Informal sector

population with a space allocation of 2000 sq.m (NBC,

2005 part 3) .A planned space for informal sector on
nearly 2428 sq.m. of land. Basic infrastructure should be
provided to the street vendors such as drinking water
spots, dustbins, street lights and public toilet. We will
proposed a community centre and its Area is 5 hectare; Figure 4.6.3 Commercial Area
this can serve one lakh population. It has retail market as along Road
well as informal market. Marketing mandi developed in a planned manner and its capacity is
20000 metric tons. For future development consideration there are 13 acres of land occupied for
expansion. There is fruits and vegetables market in the city on Bikaner road. Considering the
current scenario a mixed land use of six hectares is being proposed so that offices and markets
can be introduced along the main road. Proposed commercial area along the road. (refer figure
4.6.3). By giving hierarchy of market traffic problem will reduce and also employment
opportunity will increase. When various commercial areas will come then people workspace will
increase and workforce will increase. (refer map 4.6.1)
136
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Map 4.6.1 Proposed Trade and Commerce

137
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022

4.7 Traffic and Transportation

4.7.1 Proposed Roads and Road Geometry
The geometric design of collector roads and local streets has been changed according to the IRC
Codes and need of the town. Also 25m and 20m sector roads are proposed to provide
connectivity to the proposed residential and other infrastructure. Apart from this, an intersection
is proposed near to proposed residential area so as to regulate the traffic and to avoid conflicts.
These proposals will be implemented by Municipal body through municipal resources and grants
from state government. It will be also implemented under National Urban Transport Policy,
2014.

Figure 4.7.1 Proposed Section of NH 62 AND SH 94

The above figure 4.7.1 shows the proposed cross section of National Highway 62 and State
Highway 94. The width of the median is increased from 1m to 2m with provision of landscaping
and street lights. The shoulders of 2m each are proposed on both sides which is used as an
emergency lane by traffic and to protect the pavement edges from traffic damage. (refer map
4.7.1)

Figure 4.7.2 Proposed Section of Suratgarh-Ganganagar Road

The above figure 4.7.2 shows the proposed cross section of Suratgarh-Ganganagar road which is
a collector road. In this, a dead zone of 0.5m each is proposed on both sides as the abutting
landuse is commercial and they can encroach upto that part. Multi-functional zone is proposed
on both sides of 2m each which caters the street lights, landscaping, bus stops and furniture. Also

138
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
cycle tracks are provided of 1m each on both sides for the healthy living of the people and to
promote the non-motorized transport instead of private modes. For every road infrastructure,
separate lanes are proposed to avoid any congestion or conflicts. To avoid pedestrian-vehicle
conflicts, footpaths are proposed on both sides of 1m each. (refer map 4.7.1)

Figure 4.7.3 Proposed Section of Bikaner Road

The above figure 4.7.3 shows the proposed cross section of Bikaner road which is a local road. In
this, a dead zone of 0.5m each is proposed on both sides as the abutting landuse is commercial
and they can encroach upto that part. Multi-functional zone is proposed on both sides of 1.5m
each which caters the street lights, landscaping, bus stops and furniture. To avoid pedestrian-
vehicle conflicts, footpaths are proposed on both sides of 1.5m each. Median of 1m is proposed
to avoid accidents and to provide barrier for high beam lights. For every road infrastructure,
separate lanes are proposed to avoid any congestion or conflicts. (refer map 4.7.1)

Figure 4.7.4 Proposed Section of Badopal Road

The above figure 4.6.4 shows the proposed cross section of Badopal road which is a local road.
In this, a dead zone of 0.5m each is proposed on both sides as the abutting landuse is commercial
and they can encroach upto that part. Multi-functional zone is proposed on both sides of 1m each
which caters the street lights, landscaping, bus stops and furniture. To avoid pedestrian-vehicle

139
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
conflicts, footpaths are proposed on both sides of 1m each. For every road infrastructure,
separate lanes are proposed to avoid any congestion or conflicts. (refer map 4.7.1)

Figure 4.7.5 Proposed Section of Chhavi Cinema Road

The above figure 4.7.5 shows the proposed cross section of Chhavi Cinema road which is a local
road. In this, a dead zone of 0.5m each is proposed on both sides as the abutting landuse is
commercial and they can encroach upto that part. Multi-functional zone is proposed on both
sides of 1.5m each which caters the street lights, landscaping, bus stops and furniture. To avoid
pedestrian-vehicle conflicts, footpaths are proposed on both sides of 1.5m each. Median is not
proposed as it is not required. For every road infrastructure, separate lanes are proposed to avoid
any congestion or conflicts. (refer map 4.7.1)

Figure 4.7.6 Proposed Section of Railway Road

The above figure 4.7.6 shows the proposed cross section of Railway road which is a local road.
In this, a dead zone of 0.5m each is proposed on both sides as the abutting landuse is commercial
and they can encroach upto that part. Multi-functional zone is proposed on both sides of 1.5m
each which caters the street lights, landscaping and furniture. To avoid pedestrian-vehicle
conflicts, footpaths are proposed on both sides of 1.5m each. Median is not proposed as it is not
required. With this, now the 4-wheelers can move on this road earlier which was a problem. For

140
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
every road infrastructure, separate lanes are proposed to avoid any congestion or conflicts. (refer
map 4.7.1)

Figure 4.7.7 Proposed Section of 25m Road

The above figure 4.7.7 shows the proposed cross section of proposed 25m sector road which
provides connectivity to proposed residential area and it will be a collector road. Multi-functional
zone is proposed on both sides of 2m each which caters the street lights, landscaping, bus stops
and furniture. Also cycle tracks are provided of 2m each on both sides for the healthy living of
the people and to promote the non-motorized transport instead of private modes. To avoid
pedestrian-vehicle conflicts, footpaths are proposed on both sides of 1.5m each. To divide the
traffic, median of 1m is proposed with landscaping on it. (refer map 4.7.1)

Figure 4.7.8 Proposed Section of 20m Road

The above figure 4.7.8 shows the proposed cross section of proposed 20m sector road which
provides connectivity to proposed residential area and it will be a collector road. Multi-functional
zone is proposed on both sides of 1m each which caters the street lights, landscaping and
furniture. Also cycle tracks are provided of 2m each on both sides for the healthy living of the
people and to promote the non-motorized transport instead of private modes. For every road
infrastructure, separate lanes are proposed to avoid any congestion or conflicts. To avoid
pedestrian-vehicle conflicts, footpaths are proposed on both sides of 1.5m each. To divide the
traffic, median of 1m is proposed with landscaping on it. (refer map 4.7.1)

141
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Map 4.7.1 Proposed Road Geometry

142
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
4.7.2 Proposed Street Lights
Solar Street lights are proposed on every road of the town
according to standards which are 2278 to avoid accidents in dark
and to protect from high beam lights and also to eliminate the
dark spots of the village. The electricity required and generated
for the solar street lights are calculated in energy aspect. It
provides safety and security and is energy saving with low cost
requirement. It has easy and simple installation with automatic Figure 4.7.9Solar Street
control and maintenance. It plays an important role for Lights
environment as it is green and environmental friendly. Unlike conventional lamps they can be
recycled. They consume the less energy and less heat generation. (refer figure 4.7.9).
4.7.3 Proposed Road Widening and Parking
The proposed 25m road includes 10m as the widened road. It is assumed that traffic will increase
on these roads in coming years as per the existing and proposed landuse. There is need to widen
these roads for the smooth flow of traffic. This will avoid congestion or the blockage of the road
and will reduce the pollution. A hierarchy will be made after widening these roads and the
mobility of the vehicles will be enhanced.
As there is no parking area in the bus stand due to which parking problems are present. So, it is
assumed that to solve the problem of parking, an area is required for it. Parking area is proposed
for the parking of different modes of 1 hectare within the bus stand. This parking will eliminate
the problem of on-street parking and the congestion on the road which reduces its effective
width. This will increase the width of the road and also carrying capacity of the road which will
enhance the environmental quality.

143
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022

4.8 Physical Infrastructure

4.8.1 Water supply
Proposed Hierarchy of pipes
Present supply of water does not fulfil the existing demand of the town. Network has been
connected with existing branch and proposed 8‟, 6‟ dia pipes in new proposed area. Provide
water supply network in un-served areas to provide safe and secure water for the drinking
purpose, to eliminate the problem of untreated tap water which leads to diseases.
Water quality Improvement
Provide water connection to all, treated tap water: to eliminate the problem of untreated tap water
which leads to diseases the treated tap water contains important minerals which will be healthier
for the people.
Distribution Management
Table 4.8.1 Proposed OHR
Total Population OHR
84,110 11 (2021)
1, 28,268 5 (2041)
Source Computed Values
OHRs are the best source of water to be supplied in the whole city. It is being calculated from
above requirements that there are total 11 OHRs existing in the city presently. 5 OHRs proposed
in the city. In the whole city the total requirement of OHR is 5. They are proposed according to
need of population of the city.

These OHRs proposed according to the projection of 2041.

The location of proposals is on the basis of absence of water
source and safe drinking access in the city. These OHRs
fulfil the requirements of water supply in 2041. OHRs of
1.82 ML capacity have been proposed in the city. Not only

new OHRs are proposed but also the existing OHR would
Figure 4.8.1 Proposed OHR
be maintaining properly the purpose of clean drinking
water. The water in the tube wells is used for the drinking purpose. The supply of clean and fresh
drinking water to the people of the city would make them healthy and away from the water borne
diseases. The OHR are basically needed for the supply of stored water to the respective houses in

144
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
the city. The provision of OHR in the city would overcome the problem of water scarcity in the
town. (refer table 4.8.1).
Map no.4.8.1: (Proposal & strategies water supply) Explanation
This is the proposed Water Supply of Suratgarh city. (2021-2041)
100% area of town is covered by the water supply network. Network has been connected with
existing branch of pipes in additional area. Proposal of constructing OHR distributed all over the
town Provide water connection to all treated tap water to eliminate the problem of untreated
water which leads to diseases. The tap water contains important minerals which will be healthier
for the people. Monitoring the water quality at regular intervals of time.
All area of town is covered with water supply network. The present supply of water is 70 lpcd as
against the prescribed norms of 135 lpcd. Thus, there is enough water supplies at present, but
needs to augmented for the future requirements of the town.

The main source of water is Indira Gandhi canal. No alternative source other than ground water
is being used. There are 2 water treatment plant is present in the town with capacity of total 30
MLD. The treatment is being done through in water treatment plant for the disinfection of water
before supply and good water quality is served to town
OHRs are the best source of water to be supplied in the whole city. It is being calculated from
above requirements that there are total 11 OHRs existing in the city presently. 5 OHRs proposed
in the city. In the whole city the total requirement of OHR is 5. They are proposed according to
need of population of the city

145
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Map 4.8.1 Proposed Water Supply

146
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
4.8.2 Sewerage and Drainage Proposals
Proposed Sewerage and Drainage network
Map shows the existing condition of sewerage system that has 51% un-served and 49% is served.
100% coverage of sewerage facilities has been proposed in the town by giving connection to
those areas which does not have this facility. The black water will be treated by the STP and then
discharged into the ponds.
Main and sub-main sewer pipes are proposed in un-served
Figure 4.8.2 Green buffer
wards. The proposed diameter of pipes is large. 100% network
along STP
is proposed in the town. All the sewer of proposed areas is
thrown in STP which will be located in Road. Despite the
existence of a good sewerage network along with a dedicated
STP. Proposed drainage network and construction of closed
drains in whole M.C area.100% drains will also connect with
STP. This shows that all town is still to be covered by sewerage
system and thus urges to improve the length of sewerage system existing with in the town. In
case of treatment of sewage, Suratgarh has 2 STP.
The STP treats the whole sewage generated as it is of 22 MLD capacity and is sufficient for the
sewage generated in 2041. 30 m buffer will be given along STP due to environment protection.
(refer figure 4.8.2).
Rain Garden
To prevent low lying areas, rain gardens is proposed that will
soak the rain water and there will be less problem of water
logging in low lying areas and it‟s good for city environment.
Rain garden will be provided in low lying areas it is designed
to temporarily hold and soak rain water runoff that flows from
Figure 4.8.3 Proposed
roofs, roads in order to prevent manmade environment from Rain Garden
being damaged. (refer figure 4.8.3).
Storm Water Drains
250 storm water drains has been provided so that rain water
quickly runoff from roads and there will be less health
Figure 4.8.4 Proposed storm
water Drains
147
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
problem. The distance between two drains is 120m. Strom water drains are provided so that the
rain water will runoff from the impervious surfaces which will decrease water logging, road
condition and disease free. (refer figure 4.8.4).
Public toilets
In whole town there is a only 3-5 public toilet. It is not
sufficient for peoples because that area is commercial
area and all people can use that toilet but condition of
that toilet is very poor and not safe for women‟s. So
provide approx. 53 public toilets on vacant area. In town
Figure 4.8.5 Proposed public
there is a 3-5 public toilet but there condition is not good toilets
so on that do daily cleaning of toilet and well maintained public toilets properly. (refer figure
4.8.5).
Map no 4.8.2: (Proposals & strategies sewerage and drainage) Explanation
This is the proposed Sewerage network of Suratgarh city. (2021-2041)
100% area of town is covered by the sewerage network. The length of the sewerage network
provided is 72.31 km despite the existence of a good sewerage network along with a dedicated
STP. Construct STP with the capacity of 22 MLD. 30 m buffer will be given along STP due to
environment protection. Main pipe: 100” lying along major roads. Up gradation of public toilets
and do proper maintenance. Construction of closed drains in whole MC area.100% drains will
also connect with STP.
Treated water is discharge in water body and treated water is used for agriculture purpose and
fire safety purpose. Clean and maintains of water body properly. Landscaping along water body
is provided in order to aesthetic and its effects on the city
250 storm water drains has been provided so that rain water is quickly runoff from roads and
there will be less health risk. The distance between 2 drains is 120m
To prevent low lying areas rain gardens is proposed that will soak the rain water and there will
be less problems of water logging in low lying areas and it‟s good for city environment

148
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Map 4.8.2 Proposed Sewerage and Drainage

149
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
4.8.3 Solid Waste Management
Waste segregation
Provide dustbin because there is no dustbin in
commercial market place people eat things and throw
wrappers or other things on road. It‟s not looking good
and open dumping site is creating in road that‟s way
dustbins are provided. Provide 332 dustbins along
commercial roads provide 2 type dustbin 1 for wet and 1
for dry waste. The main and important proposal is that to Figure 4.8.6 Proposed Public
Dustbins
aware people for segregate waste from their home use
two dustbins in home 1 for dry and other for wet and waste collector also collect waste according
to segregate this process is helpful for waste collector also and landfill site works also. (refer
figure 4.8.6).
Vehicles and manpower
Table 4.8.2 Manpower and vehicle requirement
Aspect Type Existing Norms Required
Manpower Sweeper 119 1 for 625 population 86
Sanitary Inspector 1 1 per 70 Sweeper 2
Chief Sanitary 1 1 per Lakh population -
inspector
Vehicle Auto 75 1 for 1000 houses -
Source Computed Values

In town there is a 75 auto are used for waste collection from

door to door these are sufficient. There is a deficiency of waste
collector works in solid waste collection. According to the
standard and fill the deficiency of manpower provide 86
sweepers and 2 sanitary inspector. To collect waste from door to Figure 4.8.7 Proposed Waste
door and served whole town. (refer table 4.8.2) Collection Vehicles

Compost plant
Composting plants are purposed in landfill site. The
composting plant total area is 4.1 hectares. Plant proposed
according to wind direction of town. Composting plants
Figure 4.8.8 Proposed composting
Plant
150
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
are to be proposed for the purpose of healthy living. Using of organic waste in compost plant
produce manure and natural pesticides which will later use in agriculture farming for good
agriculture production which will reduce the use of artificial and chemical pesticides which help
in reduction the cost of farming for farmers which ultimately benefited the communist
economically and health. By providing these infrastructures in the city help in controlling
pollution due to absence of dustbins and no segregation of waste. (refer figure 4.8.8)
Map no 4.8.3.: (Proposals & strategies solid waste Management) Explanation
This map shows the proposals of solid waste management in the town for future development.
Improved waste collection process with the segregation of dry and wet waste. Relocated landfill
site from residential area to outside of the town area of site is 3.3 hec. Proposed composting plant
in landfill site area of plant is 4.1 hec. Using of organic waste composting plant produce manure
and natural pesticides which will later use in agriculture farming for good agriculture production
which will reduce the use of artificial and chemical pesticides which help in reduction the cost of
farming for farmer which ultimately benefited the community economically and health wise.
Provide dustbins because there is no dustbins in commercial market place and public area people
eat things and throw wrappers or other things on road. It‟s not looking good and open dumping
sites are creating in road that‟s way dustbins are provided. In town there is 75 auto are used for
waste collection from door to door and these are sufficient for future growth for waste collection
and all area waste is collected with these autos
The main and important proposal is that to aware people for segregate waste from their home use
two dustbins in home 1 for dry and 1 for wet and waste collector also collect waste according to
segregate this process is helpful for waste collector also and landfill site works also. Waste is
collected from household and commercial area daily. By providing these infrastructure in the city
help in controlling pollution and make city healthy.

151
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Map 4.8.3 Proposed Solid Waste Management

152
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022

4.9 Social Infrastructure

4.9.1 Educational Facilities
In Suratgarh, existing number of school fulfils the future projected population requirement of the
town. But for the residents of area, where future development will happen, should have a school
in 1 to 2 km distance from their house and thus one school is proposed of area 1.8 Ha which will
serve the requirement for the population of that area. The school is provided on that road which
is not a busy road of the area. (refer map 4.9.1)
4.9.2 Socio-cultural Facilities
(a) Meditation and Spiritual centre
A meditation and spiritual centre is proposed within the town for mental and physical health of
people living in the town which will help to lead the town towards its vision of healthy city. It
will improve the quality of life of the people living in the town. This meditation and spiritual
centre is having an area of 5000 sqm and is proposed in the center of the town so that it can be
approachable for the people of the town. (refer map 4.9.1)
(b) Recreational Club
A Recreational club is proposed within the town for encouraging the people of town toward
sports and to provide more opportunities in the field of sports. It benefits communities
financially, socially and through the improved physical health of the citizens. A multi-purpose
sports complex can handle countless guests and sports enthusiasts annually and benefits
everyone by enabling them to peruse their favourite activity. It will be of an area 10000 sqm and
it is provided on the north side of town having connectivity from SH94. (refer map 4.9.1)
4.9.3 Recreational Facilities
A Community Park provides space for the residents of town to interact with each other and meet
new people. They‟re also great spaces for events and for people to engage in recreational
activities. This allows people to develop a sense of community. A Community Park is proposed
in the town as there is one, but the area of that existing park is 1 Ha which is not according to the
URDPFI guidelines. Thus one Community Park of area 5 Ha towards the future development of
the town in east direction is proposed for the people of the town. (refer map 4.9.1)

153
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
4.9.4 Safety Management Facilities
(a) Disaster Management Centre
A Disaster Management Centre is proposed within the town for developing preparation and
mitigation strategies by giving awareness and providing knowledge to the people of the city. It
will also manage the problem related to fire in town and on agricultural lands in LPA region in
summer seasons. It is placed in the center of the town near all other existing government offices
and it is of 1 Ha area. (refer map 4.9.1)
(b) Fire Training Institute/College
A Fire Training Institute is proposed within the town as the district is not having one and as the
case of fire in the region and in whole state of Rajasthan are more in the time of summer season,
this institute will train the people in dealing with fire hazard situation. It will also provide jobs in
government sector like fire fighters job etc. after passing the course from the institute and will
create opportunities for the people of town and LPA region. It is placed on Badopal road towards
east where future development will come and it is having an area of 3 Ha. (refer map 4.9.1)

154
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Map 4.9.1 Proposed Social Infrastructure

155
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022

4.10 Tourism and Heritage

Sodal fort is in poor condition. However its still signifying that Suratgarh was once a significant
arena of historical
incidences in the
ancient past. By
introducing Rajasthan
State Heritage
programme 2018 we
will conserve and Figure 4.10.1 Suratgarh Fort
renovate sodhal fort to its glory and by doing this we will promote tourism in Saratgarh.Natural
heritage such as sand dunes are the potential to the city. Under Rajasthan EcoTourism Policy
2021 we will convert Suratgarh sand dunes into Eco Tourism sport with facilities like camel
safari and monster truck which will helps to boast tourism in the town. (refer figure 4.10.1)

Figure 4.10.4 Proposed Desert

Figure 4.10.2 Proposed Camel Figure 4.10.3 Jambeshwar
Tourism
Riding Temple

Proposal for the improvement of signage in the town near religious building, prominent temples
and landscape. We will promote Indra Park as a family gathering place in Suratgarh. There are a
lot of restaurants near this park. The promotion of Indra Park will not only generate economy in
the area but also create a place for recreational activities. The intermediate transport is available
for local routes to travel in the town along with bus routes for periphery of the town. E Rickshaw
will be proposed to maintain healthy environment. Proper signages in the town along with street
furniture will be provided to maintain urban design in the town. (refer map 4.10.1)

156
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Proposed Biodiversity Park
The network of Biodiversity Parks is a unique
landscape that harbours a diversity of plants, animals
and microbes living in ecologically sustainable biotic
communities and rendering multiple ecological
services including Carbon sequestration and recharge
of ground water aquifers and educational and
recreation benefits to the urban society. Currently
Suratgarh has no biodiversity parks or afforested area
within its planning limits. Thus, proposing a
biodiversity park will not only increase the
afforestation cover but also help the local ecology Figure 4.10.5 Biodiversity Park
flourish through shared spaces. The proposed Functions
biodiversity park is of 19.9 Ha and is divided into 2 zones viz.: Visitor‟s Zone: place of
recreation and hangout for tourists and visitors; includes herbal gardens and butterfly parks.
Intermediate Zone: transitional zone from less private to more private areas of the park.
The park features two major zones - the visitor zone and the nature reserve zone. The front
portion of the Indira Biodiversity Park, a 40 m southward and 25 m northward stretch from the
main entry gate with 20-30m width is demarcated as Domesticated Biodiversity Zone. (refer
figure 4.10.5 and map 4.10.1).

Proposed Wetland

Figure 4.10.6 Wetland

157
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
A distinct eco system will be created on water body which will play a critical role in maintaining
many natural cycles and supporting a wide range of biodiversity. Wetlands provide many
benefits to society – such as fish and wildlife habitats, natural water quality improvement, flood
storage, shoreline erosion protection, opportunities for recreation and aesthetic appreciation, and
natural products for our use at little or no cost. Protecting wetlands can, in turn, protect our
health and safety by reducing flood damage and preserving water quality.
They help improve water quality, including that of drinking water, by intercepting surface runoff
and removing or retaining inorganic nutrients, processing organic wastes, and reducing
suspended sediments before they reach open water. Wetlands also reduce environmental
problems, such as algal blooms, dead zones, and fish kills, that are generally associated with
excess nutrient loadings. (refer figure 4.10.6 and map 4.10.1)

158
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Map 4.10.1 Proposed Tourism

159
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022

4.11 Energy and environment

Environment
Concept: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, adopted by all United Nations
Member States in 2015, provides a shared blueprint for peace and prosperity for people and the
planet, now and into the future. At its heart are the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs),
which are an urgent call for action by all countries - developed and developing - in a global
partnership. (Department of Economic and Social Affairs, n.d.) Of those 17 goals, 2 goals in
particular: GOAL 11 & GOAL 13 resonate with the sound and sustainable developmental
measures that ought to be adopted for planning any settlement to achieve an environmentally
sound development. Goal 11 states: Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe,
resilient and sustainable. While Goal 13mentions, take urgent action to combat climate change
and its impacts. Together, these goals have been considered as a basis for our concept to
―formulate a Long-term Framework for Environmental Protection to achieve Sustainable
Development of Suratgarh City‖.
With this concept and the issues and potentials discussed in a previous section, the goals are to:
a) promote ecological conservation and restoration;
b) improve resource productivity; and
c) reduce carbon emissions across a product‟s lifecycle.
Natural Environment
Control Air Pollution: To control vehicular emission PM10 and PM2.5 are the prominent
pollutants – dust collecting flora can be introduced in residential, commercial and industrial areas
within new proposed City limit.
4.11.1 Proposal To Control Noise Pollution and Noise Pollution
As per IRC 1986 , multi functionality zone is
proposed in which road side plantation is
recommended at outer peripheral roads NH62, NH
94 of 1 to 2 m width is considered to reduce noise
level and to improve air quality. Under National
Clear Air Programme
To control vehicular emission PM10 and PM2.5 are
Figure 4.11.1 Roadside Plantation

160
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
the prominent pollutants – dust collecting flora can be
introduced in residential, commercial and industrial areas
within new proposed City limit.
Under Indian Motor Vehicles Act, Section 21 of Rules of
the Road Regulations 1989,
the hocking zone of 100 sq. m which covered is proposed
Fig 4.11.2 Roadside Plantation
near Government Hospital, Private Hospitals, Colleges and religious places within the proposed
city limit. The noise monitoring system should be upgraded on daily basis. Due to high levels of
noise in silence zone (exceeds 55 dB) and air pollution (154 AQI) provision of green buffer
along transport network NH-62, NH 98 and major roads is necessary. For control of noise
pollution - Broad Canopy, Fruits trees, having noise reduction capacity can be introduced. (refer
figure 4.11.1 and 4.11.2)
In silence zone where there are Government and private
hospitals on Bikaner Road, religious places in congested
areas, educational institutions in city limit, by providing
no honking zone in selected, from surrounding 654
population will be benefited from loud intensity of noise
which is harmful for human health. (refer figure 4.11.3)
Figure 4.11.3 No Horn Zone
4.11.2 Proposal To Control Land Pollution
In the existing Suratgarh Municipal Limit, solid waste was dumped near residential area form
which 8% population is affected and along the roads in core city area. To cater this major issue,
the land fill site is proposed in South-West direction near city limit along to wind direction.
As per Soild Waste Management Rules 2016, 30 m green buffer is proposed around landfill
site to avoid foul odour and to minimise . Through Proposed land fill site considering wind
direction, slope and availability of vacant land in LPA under swachh Bharat Mission initiative to
dispose off varies types of wastes generated within the proposed MC limit. Green buffer should
be provided around the land fill site to avoid foul odour and to minimise the level of hazardous
gases. As per CPCB, 100 m green buffer is proposed for land fill site and no development for 20
years near site as per. 300m buffer should be proposed from parks.

161
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
4.11.3 Proposed Underground Electric Wire Lines
In the core town, the overhead electric lines have been
handing which will cause some hazardous damage to
surrounding area. As per CEA (Technical Standards for
construction of Electrical Plants and Electric Lines)
regulations 2010, In Under Ground cable system, the
power is transferred from one point to another through
underground cables laid in the ground in place of Figure 4.11.4 Underground Cable
System
overhead lines on poles/ towers. As these cables are not
exposed to the air/ atmosphere, this makes the U/G cabling system less susceptible to outages
due to various atmospheric conditions like high wind, storm, thunder storms, heavy snow or ice
storms etc. As these cables are not visible on ground, these provide an aesthetic look to the area
where these are laid as compare to OH lines. However, the U/G cables have to be laid in the
proper tranches and also have more restoration time in case of any fault as compare to OH lines.
Underground cables do not need physical ground space as these are laid under the ground in the
dedicated tranches whereas an overhead line requires a corridor on ground along with
surrounding clearance strip permanently clear for safety, maintenance and repair. Underground
cables generally pose no hazard to wildlife as compared to overhead network. In underground
cabling system, it is generally impossible to have illegal connection by tapping the conductor for
theft of power. These are also less susceptive for sabotage, and damage from armed conflict.
The above space may be used for any other purposes like making of roads, providing green
environment/trees on sidewalks etc having environmental benefits and increase of property
values etc. Underground power distribution system is an expensive choice but is mandatory to
supply electricity in highly populated areas. (refer figure 4.11.4)

4.11.4 Proposal for Street Lights

The street lights are proposed for Bikaner road, NH68 and
NH94 where continues flow of traffic happenes on daily
basis. Under Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban
transformation, the smart street lights is proposed. (refer
figure 4.11.5 and refer map 4.11.1)
Figure 4.11.5 Solar Street Lights
162
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Map 4.11.1 Proposed Energy and Environment

163
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
4.11.5 Proposal To Control Water Pollution
a) Floating Wetlands (For Rejuvenation of Suratgarh Lake)

Figure 4.11.6 Proposed Floating Wetland

Source: Case Study of Sambhar Salt Lake, Rajasthan

Over the years, due to water logging from excess

drain water of entire town, the lake has
considerably polluted and waste water level has
been increasing in this region due to low laying
area. It covered 13 Hectare area which is
creating. This facilitates microbiological and
Figure 4.11.7 Birds Near Wetland
plant processing of nutrients. Floating wetlands
encourage settling of sediments contained in the water and also remove nutrients due to plants
roots. Floating wetlands can be used in existing water bodies or waterways or in a purpose-built
pond. As they can be used in existing water bodies, they are particularly suited to locations
where there is limited space for a constructed treatment wetland or similarly large treatment
system.. The main services floating wetlands provide include: (refer figure 4.11.6 and 4.11.7)
a) Water treatment (sediment, nutrients and pesticides),
b) Habitat,
c) Amenity
Design Considerations
a) Water depth of 0.8 – 1.5 m
b) A mesh protection for the plant roots is required to prevent them being eaten.
c) Anchoring with sufficient capacity to accommodate changes in water levels.

164
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
d) Time for Establishment 6 – 12 months
e) Maintenance- Weed and pest removal and periodical removal of suspended solids.
f) Lifespan: 20 – 30 years
Sponge City Concept: A sponge city is a new urban construction model for strengthening
ecological infrastructure and drainage systems, proposed by Chinese researchers in early 2000
and accepted by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and the State Council as urbanism policy
in 2014. (refer figure 4.11.6 and map 4.11.2)
b) Rain Garden
A rain garden is a depression in the landscape designed to catch and filter the water that runs off
your roof, driveway, walkway, compacted lawn areas and other impervious surfaces. Rain
gardens act as buffers by filtering storm water runoff and improving water quality before it
reaches storm drains that eventually flow into, rivers, and lakes. Sandy soil and clay soil rain
garden should be 20-30% and 60% of the catchment area respectively.
Area for Proposed Rain Garden in District and community Park – 1.5 Ha in each park. National
Geophysical Research Institute, (NGRI) Hyderabad Groundwater level has reported average rise
of about 1.5 m after the implementation of Rain Garden. (refer figure 4.11.9 and map 4.11.2)

Figure 4.11.8 Location of Community Park Figure 4.11.9 Process of Rain Garden
Source: Case study – Walkers Road rain gardens (Sommerton Park)

Mitigation Measures
Industrial
Most proposed industries are non-polluting. Green buffer within the industrial limits (URDPFI)
to mitigate noise and air pollution. There are no red category industries in the planning area.
Every industrial unit must have an effluent treatment plant.Regular monitoring of industrial
pollution level
165
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Map 4.11.2 Proposed Wetland and Rain Garden

166
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
4.11.6 Proposal of Indira Biodiversity Park
Zone 1- Biodiversity Park : The network of Biodiversity Parks is a unique landscape that
harbours a diversity of plants, animals and microbes living in ecologically sustainable biotic
communities and rendering multiple ecological services including Carbon sequestration and
recharge of ground water aquifers and educational and recreation benefits to the urban society.
Currently Vidisha has no biodiversity parks or afforested area within its planning limits. Thus,
proposing a biodiversity park will not only increase the afforestation cover but also help the local
ecology flourish through shared spaces. The proposed biodiversity park is of 17 Ha and is
divided into 2 zones viz.: Visitor‟s Zone: place of recreation and hangout for tourists and
visitors; includes herbal gardens and butterfly parks. Intermediate Zone: transitional zone from
less private to more private areas of the park. (refer map 4.11.3)
The park features two major zones - the visitor zone and the nature reserve zone. The front
portion of the Indira Biodiversity Park, a 220m southward and 140m northward stretch from the
main entry gate with 20-30m width is demarcated as Domesticated Biodiversity Zone.
Proposed Flora: Babul (Acacia Arabica), Khair (Acacia catechu), Bel (Aegle marmelos),
Maharukh (Ailanthus excelsa), Haldu (Adina cordifolia), Kala-siris (Albizzia lebbek), Dhaora
(Anogeissus latifolia), Kardhai (Anogeissus pendula), Neem (Azadirachta indica), Mahua
(Bassia latifolia), Semal (Bombax malabaricum), Bhirra (Chloroxylon swietenia), Kekad
(Garuga pinnata), Sal (Shorea robusta).
Zone2-Herbal Garden: An area of 5-8 acres in the upland/
elevated floodplains can be developed into a herbal garden
for the conservation of native medicinal plants. Plants that
can be used in home remedies can be grown and can be
provided to local communities. About 100-150 species of
local plants of medicinal value can be grown. The

cultivation practices, medicinal properties of plants grown Figure 4.11.10 Herbal Garden
should be provided on signages and should be also displayed Source: Tourism.rajasthan.gov.in
in the Nature Interpretation Centre. The area should be suitably landscaped depending on the site
characteristics.

167
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Proposed 25200 trees which gives 2948.4 metric tonne of oxygen per year and carbon
sequestration of 6753.6 metric tons capacity of CO2 for period of 15 years as per Centre of
Ecology And Research, Hyderabad. (refer figure 4.11.10)
Birding Area
Besides cultivated fruit bearing plant garden, wild shrubs
and trees bearing fresh fruits should also be planted to
attract birds. This should be designated as Birding Area.
This should be located over an area of 5.6 Ha acres in
upland /elevated floodplains.
A Nature Interpretation Centre (NIC) is critical in a
Biodiversity Park for promoting awareness among public
and students on the need for river conservation and
sustenance of river ecosystems to sustain water quantity and
quality. It also serves as a platform for undertaking other
Figure 4.11.11 Bird Park
activities related to Biodiversity Education and training.
Source: Jaipurtourism.co.in
The Biodiversity Park is proposed at city level so 3 km area
will be benefitted with this green field development. The aesthetic appearance of the area will
increase. The biodiversity park will be promoted as eco-tourism for suratgarh city. (refer figure
4.11.11 and map 4.11.3)

168
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Map 4.11.3 Proposed Biodiversity Park and Wetland

169
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
4.11.7 Proposals For Energy
Proposal: Reducing Demand
The power demand can be reduced in Suratgarh city by adopting following methods:
a) Adding solar panels on existing public/semi-public buildings.
b) Making it mandatory for new public buildings to install solar power panels
c) Generating energy from solid waste management plants
d) Using smart poles as per smart city schemes
e) Replacing existing lights with LED lights
The all existing electric wires which are hanging near residential and commercial area in the core
city is very hazardous for the residents. To cater these problem underground electric lines is
proposed. It must be implemented in phases under the Rajasthan Vidyut Nigam Limited.

The major strategies adopted for power supply in Suratgarh town is to cater the additional
demands, reducing the dependency on conventional sources and maximum utilization of the
solar power generation.

Table 4.11.1 Power Recovery Calculations

Area Roof Top Size Potential (70%) Recovered
Proposed
Hospitals 55 ha 16.5 ha 11.6 11600 KW
Communication 5 ha 1.5 ha 1.05 1050 KW
Safety & 4 ha 1.8 ha 1.26 1260 KW
Security
Socio Cultural 4 ha 1.8 ha 1.26 1260 KW
Total 15,170 KW
Source: Rajasthan Solar Energy Policy, 2019 & Computed Value

The table 4.11.1 above shows the potential of solar power recovery from proposed public semi-
public buildings with rooftop solar panels. Similarly, The Existing public/semi-public spaces has
potential to cater 28890 KW and proposed public/semi-public can cater up to 15,170 KW.
Therefore, this will reduce the demand up to 5% of daily demand This energy can be used for
street lights and public/semi-public energy demands. Subsidy must be given from to the
consumers which are

170
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Benefits from Solar Rooftop Power Generation Scheme
Rooftop consumers will be provided subsidies/incentives as per the guidelines of MNRE/State
Government. Benefits such as banking facility and payment of surplus energy by DISCOMs
under Net-metering Scheme as applicable to domestic consumers, will also be applicable to
Government offices, Government schools, Government colleges, Government hospitals and any
other Government buildings notified by State Government under the Net Metering Scheme. The
benefit of central grant has been limited to the domestic/ residential sector only by MNRE, India,
which is as follows:

Table 4.11.2 Subsidy for Residential

Area Plant Capacity Grant
Residential Building Up to 13 KW
40%
More than 3 KW and upto 10 KW
Group Housing Society/ Up to 500 KW capacity (for 10 KW
20%
Residential Welfare per house)
Source: RRECL Report, 2021-22

Fig 4.11.12 Solar Rooftop Mechanism

Source: RRECL Report, 2021-22

171
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Proposed Solar Rooftop Energy under KUSUM scheme from which consumer must be benefited
by giving subsidy from government after implementation. (refer figure 4.11.12)

4.11.8 Proposal Changing Dependency (Solar Park)

Proposed a Solar Power Park to cater the existing demand with renewable sources of energy in
phases which will cater 25% demand by 2031 and 50% by 2041. The area for the solar park is
selected by considering wind direction and must be connected to grid station which near to the
proposed plant. 33 KV substation is available near the site for running the solar park. It is located
in LPA region about 150 Hectares. The solar park must be planned and operated by
Table 4.11.3 Total Requirement of Power in 2041
Total Requirement As Per Demand 300 MW
Additional 111 MW
Phase 1
2031 Proposal (75 MW) Additional 50Ha
Phase 2
2041 Proposal (150 MW) Additional 100 Ha
Source: Rajathan Solar Energy Policy & MNRE

The solar parks will be developed in collaboration with the State Governments and their
agencies. The lands acquired for solar park is government land which is in LPA region closer to
M.C limit. The MNRE Nodal Agency would be Solar Energy Corporation of India (SECI) on
behalf of Government of India (GOI). SECI will handle funds to be made available under the
scheme on behalf of GOI. Create necessary infrastructure like water, transmission lines, roads,
drainage etc. to facilitate Solar Power Project developer for faster implementation of Solar Power
Projects. To build this infrastructure using the highest possible standards, the whole solar power
evacuation network scheme will be designed using latest technologies like SCADA, GIS, Bay
controller, online monitoring equipment for dissolved gas analysis, OPGW, PLCC etc. (refer
table 4.11.3)
As per National Solar Policy, 1 MW Solar PV power plant should require 2.5 acres i.e 1 ha. 150
Ha of land is proposed for 150 MW solar park .Taking reference of Bhadla solar park in
Rajasthan, the calculation of solar panels is done:
Considering, 1 Solar PV panel = 350 W
172
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
1 MW = 1000000 watts
150 MW = 1000000 w × 350 = 4,28,571 panels
In solar park, 4,28,571 solar panels are proposed. All infrastructural requirements are available
outside the park such as connecting road, provision of water supply, construction electricity, etc.
to make the park functional, will be the sole responsibility of the concerned State Government.
By providing solar park close to M.C limit, the dependence on non-renewable sources will be
reduced. It will help to reduce carbon footprints and water usage. It will help to create jobs and
helps local economy. (refer figure 4.11.13 and map 4.11.4)

Figure 4.11.13 Mechanism of Solar Park

Source: Global Environment Centre Foundation

173
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Map 4.11.4 Proposed Solar Park

174
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022

4.12 Legal, Financial and Administrative

Increasing Administrative efficiency
Proposed District Planning Committee under 73rd Constitutional Amendment. Immediate
adoption of Mandatory urban reforms under the 74th Constitutional Amendments. A separate
department for town planning is proposed for better administration at the Municipality level. In
the future, an assessment shall be done for the Tourism cell depending on the tourist demand.
Strengthening of existing department‟s especially State tourism department or Formation of
Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV). Proposed deputation and recruitment drive for filling up the
vacant positions in at least important official department and Municipality. Organization of
capacity building programs and training for effective functioning of the government officials.
Proposed promotion of digitalization in all sectors.
Increasing Stack holder Participation
For Increasing the community participation in decision making process and Allocating respective
Ward offices in each ward.
Strengthening Urban Development Process
Preparation for City Mobility Plan, City Sanitation Plan, City heritage and conservation plan.
Proposal for Service Level Benchmarking assessment. Proposed Land Monitoring station in the
Municipality. Proposal for directing fund as per issue prioritization done through public
consultation to acknowledge local issues. Proposal for city visioning stage in Master plan process
with public consultation. Automatic Building Plan Approval System. Integrated online system
developed – successfully being implemented in Suratgarh. All building plans are submitted
online for approvals. Automatic scrutiny of the drawings against statutory norms, rules and
regulations. Redesigning the building approval process: The average time taken for this process
can be reduced from between 90 and 180 days to 45 days by first creating a “green channel”.
This channel will allow almost 50 per cent of the applications to get automatically approved by
an architect in all ULBs with minimum signatures.
Policy and Schemes
Creating about clauses and usage of laws and acts for safeguarding development of the city.
Formation of cell for implementation of various policies. Proposal for policy monitoring cell,
policy implementation auditing and for awareness drives.

175
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Law and Order
Proposal for increasing patrolling specially on the fringe areas. Proposal for installation of street
lights and CCTV (Municipal functions/ services).
Use of Technology
All processes involving the interaction of the Government with various stakeholders (e.g., with
citizens, investors, State, Centre and local government officials) can be computerized for
increased efficiency. To ensure accountability, the financial data of ULBs should be audited
regularly and be available in a transparent manner.
4.12.1 Proposal For Improving Fiscal Health
The fiscal health of Municipality must be improved by strengthening accounting system in which
internal audit should be established and be independent Accrual Based Double Entry Accounting
System. A periodic physical verification Assessment in a time bound manner GIS Based
property mapping and listing. Adoption of Unit Area Method for calculation property tax instead
of arbitrary methods Enabling provisions of self-assessment method.
4.12.2 Proposed Number of Town Planners
The major roles and responsibilities of the town planners shall be as follows:
Building permission for new construction and addition/ alteration of an existing building.
Granting permission for amalgamation & subdivision of land. Granting building use permission.
Providing reference plans showing the distance of the plot from the protected monument.
Issuance of zoning certificates, work related to the development plan of the city. To take actions
against unauthorized construction like Issuance of notice under provisions of Act and removal of
the same. To attend courts (High Court, City Civil Court & Others) in various matters related to
the department. Registration of professionals like Architects, Engineers, Clerk of Works,
Supervisor of Work, Structural Designer, Developer. (refer table 4.12.1)
Table 4.12.1 Numbers of Town Planners Proposed
Sr. No Designation Required Post
1. Chief Town Planner 1
2. Senior Town Planner 1
3. Associate Planner 2
4. Assistant Planner 6
Source: TCPO and URDPFI Guidelines

176
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
As per TCPO and URDPFI guidelines, a total of ten town planners are required in a non-million
plus city. According to the Nagar Tatha Gram Nivesh Adhiniyam, 1973, the total number of
posts required for every department is calculated, and by considering the 2018 sanctioned posts
data as the base data the additional requirement is proposed as given in below table: (refer table
4.12.2)
Table 4.12.2 Additional Requirement of Posts in Suratgarh Municipality
Departments Additional Requirement Posts Only Top Level
2021 2031 2041 2021 2031 2041
Administration 98 25 20 33 13 20
Department
Revenue Department 136 62 87 33 14 21
Sanitation & Solid 279 166 233 18 4 8
Waste
Public Works 21 7 19 21 7 19
Department
Water Department 14 2 6 4 0 0
Karma Shala 14 2 6 4 0 0
Department
Fire Fighting 13 0 0 13 0 0
Department
Public Welfare 4 0 2 4 0 2
Department
Source: TCPO And URDPFI Guidelines
E-Governance
On the existing municipality website registration requests like Application for Marriage, Birth,
Death Certificates, Treading License, etc are to be added. Also, a single mobile application is
proposed for facilitating all the services related to tax payments, complaints, registration requests
at the city level. A citizen charter is proposed with a sector-wise timeframe to address the
complaints received. The issues like garbage, blockage of drains is to be addressed within 24
hours and non-emergency services like building approvals can take up to a maximum of 30 days.

4.13 Conclusion
In a nutshell, it can be concluded that, while considering all the issues related with town, the
proposals and recommendations for all the problems and constraints covered are made in order to
reduce or eliminate the problems and to increase the livelihood opportunities by less affecting or
less vulnerable to the population. Moreover, the proposals and recommendations for each aspect

177
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
are given according to the requirements and considering norms and standards so that landuse will
not be affected to fulfill the deficiencies in terms of infrastructure. Furthermore, these proposals
and recommendations will serve the present as well as the future population and the population
of local planning area.

Figure 4.12.1 Proposed Organisational Structure

178
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022

5 PHASING AND ZONING

5.1 Phasing
5.1.1 First Phase (2021-2026)
In first phase we have targeted to resolve existing problems of the town by building required
infrastructure for present population and for enhancing economy of the town. In first phase we
bring projects for:
1. Sewage treatment plant
2. Sewerage supply network
3. Strom water drainage
4. Improve existing toilets
5. Solid waste vehicles
6. Composting plant
7. Relocation of landfill site
8. Rejuvenation of existing industries
9. Housing (16%)
10. Parking in bus stand
11. Provision of bus stand infrastructure
12. Enhance quality of educational infrastructure
13. Enhance tourism infrastructure
14. Street lights
15. Disaster management centre
16. CNG infrastructure in existing petrol pumps

The sewage treatment plant, landfill site relocation and composting plant are the basic
requirements for a town to have health living, hence they are the most prioritized proposals and
will come up in first phase. There is no parking in bus stand in the town, so it will come up in
this phase simultaneously. Apart from these basic proposals, existing industries will be
rejuvenated in the first phase to enhance the economy and attract people to town for jobs and
investment. Quality of existing educational infrastructure will be improved as the quantity is
surplus and maintenance is required. CNG infrastructure in existing petrol pumps is being
proposed for encouraging people to use CNG for private vehicles which will reduce cost and

179
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
pollution. Tourism infrastructure will be enhanced in the town by providing camel ride for the
adventure in the sand dunes. Disaster management centre will be provided for increasing
awareness among the people and to have preparation and mitigation strategies within the city.
CNG infrastructure in existing petrol pumps will be provided for encouraging people to use CNG
and to decrease the air pollution within the city. (refer map 5.1)
5.1.2 Second Phase (2026-2031)
In this phase we will target to resolve issues related to environment, more use of renewable
energy and enhancing economy of the town by developing commercial centers and new
industries. For this we will bring projects for:
1. Fire training institute/college
2. Public toilets
3. Dustbins
4. Greenfield development as Biodiversity park
5. Wetland
6. Roof top solar panels
7. Solar street lights
8. New industries
9. Housing (36%)
10. Commercial centers in existing town
11. Regularization of on street parking
12. Air monitoring on daily basis
13. Noise monitoring on daily basis
14. No honking zones

This phase has been decided for economy generation for future development from industries as
well from the commercial area and providing housing for the future population as per demand. A
fire training institute will be constructed in this phase as it is not there in the district and this
institute will train the people in dealing with fire hazard situation and will create opportunities
for the people of town and LPA region. Greenfield development as Biodiversity Park for
increasing the greenery in the area to reduce the problems related to temperature and sand storms
and will also increase the tourism in the town. Roof top solar panels and solar street lights are

180
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
proposed to increase the use of renewable energy in public utility infrastructure. Proposal of
industries is a long term process, therefore, it will continue its growth in all three phases.
Initially, the proposal of industries will generate huge number of employment. E.W.S. and L.I.G.
housing units will be provided as per the demand of housing. Commercial centres provided in
existing town to increase trade and economy and regularization of on street parking for managing
the traffic in the town. For controlling air and noise pollution in the town monitoring systems are
proposed to give information on the daily basis. No honking zones are provided in the areas near
to schools, hospitals and other sensitivity zones. (refer map 5.1)
5.1.3 Third Phase (2031-2036)
In this phase, target is to improve the quality of life and change the lifestyle of the people of the
town and rejuvenation in some areas of the town. For this we will bring project for:
1. Recreational club
2. Senior secondary school
3. Underground electric supply
4. E-rickshaw
5. Cycle tracks
6. Housing (30%)
7. Commercial centers in new developed area
8. Overhead reservoirs
9. Road markings
10. Widening of road
11. Improvement in road designs
12. Informal organized space
13. Redevelopment of fort
14. Conservation of fort

To increases the quality of life and to attract the people more towards sports a recreation club is
proposed in the town. Senior secondary school is provided in new developed area to provide
basic education facility for people living in the neighbourhood areas. Underground electric
supply will decrease the poles on road and provide safety to the people. Proposal for E-rickshaw
and cycle tracks in the town will decrease the fuel consumption and pollution in the town.

181
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Overhead reservoirs are provided in newly developed areas for proper supply of water to
households and in other areas which are not served. Improvement of road design, widening of
road and markings on the roads are done for the smooth movement of the vehicles. Proposal for
Informal organized spaces will increase the economy and reduce the acquiring of road areas for
such sectors. Conservation and redevelopment of fort will increase the tourism in the town.
(refer map 5.1)
5.1.4 Forth Phase (2036-2041)
In this phase, target is to build healthy, comfortable and positive environment in the town and
more use of renewable resources. For this we will bring project for:
1. Meditation and spiritual centre
2. Community park with rain garden
3. Solar power park
4. Housing (18%)
In this phase we have proposal for meditation and spiritual centre for healthy, positive and
quality living environment in the town. Community park in the newly develop area with Rain
Garden concept which is used to treat the polluted storm water runoff and will soak the flood
water which will create a healthy condition by reducing risk to population and environment.
Solar Power Park is proposed in this phase for use of renewable energy and increase the quality
of the environment. Housing units will be provided as per the demand of housing. Mini buses
are provided for connecting the nearby villages from the town. (refer map 5.1)

182
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Map 5.1 Proposed Phasing

183
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022

5.2 Zoning
Zoning outlines what types of developmental and operational use of land is allowed on a given
tract. Municipalities tend to partition districts and neighbourhoods according to a master plan.
This may be done to promote economic development, control traffic flow, manage noise levels,
reserve living space for residents, and protect certain resources.
Examples of zoning classifications include residential, commercial, agricultural, industrial, or
hotel/hospitality, among other more specific designations.
Categories of Zoning
The zoning is related to the following three important aspects:
1. Density zoning
2. Height zoning
3. Use zoning
Density zoning: Simply put, density zoning places limitations on property development by
controlling the number of structures in a given area to control population density. Density
zoning is used in town planning as a tool to either increase density or maintains a low density in
an area of the city.
Height Zoning: The height zoning aims at controlling the height of buildings with due
consideration of the contents of the buildings and the street width/ the marginal open spaces for
the provision of light and ventilation.
Use zoning: This is rather the most important aspect of zoning and it defines the uses to which
various parts of town will be put. The zones are usually classified into the following four
categories: Residential zone; Commercial zone; Industrial zone; Recreational zone; mixed land
use zone
Residential zone: The character and location of this zone will depend on various factors such as
nearness to the markets, freedom from nuisance, noise and smoke, nearness to parks and
playgrounds etc.
Commercial zone: This zone should be near the centres of traffic and preferably it should be
about the roads. It includes the uses of land for banks, offices, Godowns, shops etc.
Industrial zone: Great care should be exercised in providing units of the industrial zone. In
various parts of the town. The light industries and factories running on the electric power and
causing no nuisance to nearby areas may be allowed to be set close to a residential zone.
184
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Recreational zone: This zone includes parks and playgrounds and in a broad sense, it may be
considered to include various recreational centres such as cinemas, theatres, town halls, clubs,
libraries, restaurants, stadiums and other community facilities.
Institutional Zone: This zone contains schools, colleges, and other training institutes etc. it is
located in a quiet zone.

5.2.1 Proposed Zoning

Residential Zoning
Residential use (R) Residential use zone is subdivided into 3 categories R1, R2, R3
1. Residential Zone: R1
This is the high-density zone with a density of 170 persons per hectare.
2. Residential Zone: R2
This medium density zone with a density of 135 persons per hectare.
3. Residential Zone: R3
This is the low-density zone with a density of 110 people per Hectare.
Commercial Zoning
Commercial zoning is further subdivided into 3 categories
1. C1: Retail Shopping zone: this includes all the local convenient stores, Daily need-based
markets.
2. C2: This zone includes General Business/ Commercial Centres.
3. C3: Wholesale Shopping zone: this includes storage godowns, warehousing, and wholesale.
Mixed land use:
1. M1: mixed land use includes mixed commercial, retail, shopping centres, hotels, lodge, and
Restaurants.
Industrial Zoning
1. I1: This industrial zone includes service and light to medium industry and green and white
industries.
Public & Semi-Public Zone
1. The Public and semi-public zone is subdivided into four categories
2. PS1: The offices related to Govt./Semi Govt./ Public Offices are allowed in the PS1 category.
3. PS2: Religious and social-Cultural lie in the PS2 category.

185
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
4. PS3: Educational and research lie in the PS3 category.
5. PS4: Medical and health-related facilities lie in the PS4 category.
Parks and open spaces zone
1. P1: parks and gardens-public open spaces lie in the P1 zone.
Transportation zone:
1. T1: Terminal and bus depots lie in the T1 zone. (refer map 5.2)
5.2.2 Urban Landuse Zoning Regulations
(a) Residential Zone
The Residential Use Zone can be subdivided into
1. High Density Zone: R1
2. Medium Density Zone: R2
3. Low Density Zone: R3
Permitted Uses
Residence – plotted, (detached, semi‐detached and row housing) group housing houses,
residential flat, residential‐cum‐work, hostels, boarding and lodging (accommodation for
transit employees of Govt./ Local Bodies) houses, barat ghar/
marriage hall, community hall, old age home, police post, guest houses, crèches, day care
centre, convenience shopping centres, local (retail shopping), medical clinic, dispensaries,
nursing home and health centres (20 bed), dispensary for pets and animals, professional
offices, educational buildings: (nursery, primary, high school, college), school for
mentally/ physically challenged, research institutes, community centres, religious premises
, library, gymnasium, park/tot‐lots, plant nursery, technical training centre, yoga centres/health cl
inics, exhibition and art gallery, clubs, banks/ ATM, police stations, taxi stand/three wheeler
stands, bus stops, electrical distribution depot, water pumping station, post offices,
hostels of non‐commercial nature, kindergartens, public utilities and buildings except service and
storage yards.
Restricted Uses
Dharamshala, foreign missions, night shelters, petrol pumps, motor vehicle repairing workshop/
garages, household industry, bakeries and confectionaries, storage of LPG gas cylinders,
burial‐grounds, restaurants and hotels, printing press, go‐ downs/warehousing, bus depots
without workshop, cinema hall, auditoriums, markets for retail goods, weekly markets (if
186
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
not obstructing traffic circulation and open during non‐working hours), informal markets,
multipurpose or junior technical shops, transient visitors camp, municipal, state and central
government offices.
Prohibited Uses
Heavy, large and extensive industries : noxious, obnoxious and hazardous industries, warehousin
g, storage go‐downs of perishables, hazardous, inflammable goods, workshops for buses
etc., slaughter‐housing wholesale mandis, hospitals treating contagious diseases, sewage
treatment plant/disposal work, water treatment plant, solid waste dumping yards, outdoor games
stadium, indoor games stadium, shooting range, zoological garden, botanical garden, bird
sanctuary, picnic hut, international conference centre, courts, sports training centre, reformatory,
district battalion office, forensic science laboratory.

(b) Commercial Zone

The Commercial zone can be subdivided into
1. Retail Shopping Zone: C1
2. General Business and Commercial District/ Centres: C2
3. Wholesale, Go‐downs, Warehousing/ Regulated markets: C3
Permitted Uses
Shops, convenience/neighbourhood shopping centre, local shopping centres, professional offices,
work places/offices, banks, stock exchange/financial institution, bakeries and confectionaries, cin
ema hall/theatre, malls, banquet halls, guest houses, restaurants, hotels, weekly market, petrol
pumps, go‐downs and warehousing, general business, wholesale, residential plot‐group housing,
hostel/boarding housing, hostel, banks/ ATM, restaurants, auditoriums, colleges, nursing
homes/medical clinics, pet clinics, religious places, offices/work places, commercial
centres, research/training institute, commercial service centres/garages/workshop,
baratghar/night shelter, weekly/formal markets, library, parks/open space, museum, police
stations/post, taxi stand/three wheeler stands, parking site, post offices, government/ institutional
offices, telephone exchange/centres, warehousing and covered storage, research institutions.
Restricted Uses/Activities
Non‐pollution, non‐obnoxious light industries, warehousing/storage go‐downs of perishable, infl
ammable goods, coal, wood, timber yards, bus and truck depots, gas installation and gas

187
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
works, poly‐techniques and higher technical institutes, junk yards, water treatment plant,
railway yards/stations, sports/stadium and public utility installation, hotel and transient
visitor‟s homes, religious buildings, hospitals and nursing homes.
Prohibited Uses/Activities
Dwellings except those of service apartment, essential operational, watch and ward personnel,
heavy, extensive, noxious, obnoxious, hazardous and extractive industrial units, hospitals/researc
laboratories treating contagious diseases, poultry farms/dairy farms, slaughter‐houses,
sewage treatment/disposal sites, agricultural uses, storage of perishable and inflammable
commodities, quarrying of gravel, sand, clay and stone, zoological garden, botanical garden,
bird sanctuary, picnic hut, international conference centre, courts, sports training centre,
reformatory, district battalion office, forensic science laboratory and all other activities which
may cause nuisance and are noxious and obnoxious in nature.
(c) Industrial Zone
The Industrial Use Zone is subdivided into-:
1. Service and Light to Medium Industry: I1
Permitted Use/Activity
Residential building for essential staff and for watch and ward personnel, all kind of industries,
public utilities, parking, loading, unloading spaces, warehousing, storage and depot of
non‐perishable and non‐inflammable commodities and incidental use, cold storage and ice
factory, gas go‐downs, cinema, bus terminal, bus depot and workshop, wholesale business establi
shments, petrol filling stations with garage and service stations, parks and playgrounds, medical
centres, restaurants.
Restricted Uses/Activities
Noxious, obnoxious and hazardous industries except storage of perishable and
inflammable goods, junkyards, sports/stadium/playgrounds, sewage disposal works, electric
power plants, service stations, cemeteries, government/semi‐ government/private business
offices, bank and financial institutions, helipads, hospitals/medical centres, religious
buildings, taxi stands, gas installations and gas works, animal racing or riding stables,
workshops/garages, dairy and farming, quarrying of gravel, sand, clay or stone.

188
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Prohibited Uses/Activities
Residential dwellings other than those essential operational, service and watch and
ward staff, schools and colleges, hotels, motels and caravan parks, recreational sports or centres,
other non‐industrial related activities, religious buildings, irrigated and sewage farms, major oil
depot and LPG refilling plants, commercial office, educational institutions, social buildings.
(d) Public/Semi-Public Zone
The Public and Semi Public use zone is sub divided into-:
1. Govt./Semi-govt./Public Offices: PS1
2. Religious and Socio-Cultural: PS2
3. Educational and Research: PS3
4. Medical and Health: PS4
Permitted Uses/Activities
Government offices, central, state, local and semi government, public undertaking
offices, defence court, universities and specialised educational institute, polytechnic, colleges,
schools, nursery and kindergarten (not to be located near hospital or health care facility), researc
and development centres, social and welfare centres, libraries, social and cultural institutes,
religious buildings/centres, conference halls, community halls, barat ghar, dharamshala,
guest house, museum/art galleries, exhibition centres, auditoriums, open air theatre,
recreational club, playground, banks, police station/police posts, police lines, police
headquarters, jails, fire stations/fire posts, post and telegraph, public utilities and
buildings, solid waste dumping grounds/sites, post offices, local state and central
government offices and use for defence purposes, bus and railway passenger terminals,
public utility and buildings, local municipal facilities, uses incidental to government offices and
for their use, monuments, radio transmitter and wireless stations, telecommunication centre,
telephone exchange, hospitals, health centres, nursing homes, dispensaries and clinic.
Restricted Activities/Uses
Residential flat and residential plot for group housing for staff employees, hostels, water
supply installations, sewage disposal works, service stations, railway stations/yards,
bus/truck terminals, burial grounds, cremation grounds and cemeteries/graveyards,
warehouse/storage godowns, helipads, commercial uses/centres, other uses/ activities.

189
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Prohibited Uses/Activities
Heavy, extensive and other obnoxious, hazardous industries, slaughter‐houses, junk yards,
wholesale mandis, dairy and poultry farms, farm‐houses, workshop for servicing and
repairs, processing and sale of farm product and uses not specifically permitted herein.
(e) Recreational Zone
The Recreational Use Zone is subdivided into-:
1. Parks and Gardens – Public open spaces: P1
Permitted Uses/Activities
Regional parks, district parks, playgrounds, children traffic parks, botanical/zoological
garden, bird sanctuary, clubs, stadiums (indoor), outdoor stadiums with/ without health
centre for players and staff, picnic huts, holiday resorts, shooting range, sports training
centres, specialized parks/maidans for multiuse, swimming pool, special recreation and
special educational areas, , library, public utilities.
Restricted Uses/Activities
Building and structures ancillary to use permitted in open spaces and parks such as stand for
vehicles on hire, taxis and scooters, bus and railway passenger terminals, facilities such
as police post, fire post, post and telegraph office, commercial use of transit nature like cinema,
circus and other shows, public assembly halls, restaurants and caravan parks, sports stadium,
open air cinemas.
Prohibited Uses/Activities
Any building or structure which is not required for open air recreation, dwelling unit except for
watch and ward personnel and uses not specifically permitted therein.
(f) Transportation and Communication use Zone
The transport and communication use zone is sub divided into-:
1. Bus depots/ truck terminals and freight complexes: T1
Permitted Uses/Activities
Road transport terminals (bus terminals and depots), goods terminals, parking areas, circulations,
airports‐building and infrastructure, truck terminal, motor garage, workshop, repair and repair sh
op and facilities such as night shelter, boarding house, banks, restaurants, booking offices,
transmission centre, wireless station, radio and television station, observatory and weather office.

190
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Restricted Uses/Activities
Any other use/activity incidental to transport and communication, residential
dwelling units for essential staff and watch and ward personnel.
Prohibited Uses/Activities
Use/activity not specifically permitted herein. In vicinity of airports: butcheries, tanneries
and solid waste disposal sites shall be prohibited within 10 km from the
Aerodrome Reference Point (ARP).
(g) Mixed Use Zone
The Mixed‐use Zone is subdivided into-:
1. Mixed Commercial use: M1
Permitted Uses/Activities
In M1 Zone activities falling within non‐ polluting industry/ service industry (dominant
landuse) categories can coexist with maximum up to 20‐30% of commercial, institutional, recreat
ional and residential land use. In M2 Zone all activities falling within permitted residential
land use (dominant landuse) shall be minimum 60% and to coexist with commercial,
institutional, recreational. In M3 Zone all activities falling within permitted commercial,
institutional land use (dominant landuse) shall be minimum 60% and to coexist with
residential, recreational and non‐ polluting and household industry.
Restricted Uses/Activities
Activities related to commercial, institutional and residential landuse in M1 Zone and non‐
polluting industrial landuse in M2 Zone can be increased to between 20‐50%
depending on the contextual and locational feasibility of the area.
Prohibited Uses/Activities
All other activities especially industrial which are polluting in nature and which will have an
adverse impact on the overall activities of this zone

191
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Map 5.2 Proposed Landuse Zoning

192
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022

5.3 Development Control Regulations

5.3.1 Housing
Table 5.3.1 Independent Residential Building
Independent Residential Building
Plot size Max. G. cov. Min. Set-back Max. Ht. FAR
front side side back
<50 sqm 1.5 8
50-75 sqm - 1.5 - - - 8 -
75-100 sqm - 3 - - - 8 -
100-162 sqm - 3 - - 2 12 -
100-162 sqm - 3 - - 2 12 -
162-225 sqm - 4.5 - - 2.5 12 -
225-350 sqm - 4.5 3 - 3 12 -
350-500 sqm - 6 3 - 3 14 -
500-750 sqm - 7.5 3 3 3 14 1.2
750-1500 sqm - 9 4.5 4.5 4.5 14 1.2
1500-2500 sqm - 12 6 6 6 14 1.2
2500-4000 sqm 40% 12 9 9 9 14 1.2

4000 sqm - 1 Ha 35% 15 9 9 9 14 1.2

1 Ha- 10 Ha 35% 18 9 9 9 14 1.2

farm house min. 10% or 500 15 10 10 10 8 -

2500 sqm sqm whichever
is lesser
Source- Rajasthan Housing building by Laws 2017

Table 5.3.2 Flats Requirements

Flats (750-5000) Sq.m. Only
Plot size Max. G. cov. Min. Set-back Max. Standard Max.
(sqm.) Ht. FAR FAR
front side side back

750-1000 Within setback 9 4.5 4.5 4.5 15 1.33 2.25

193
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022

1000-1500 within set back 9 4.5 4.5 4.5 8.11 1.33 2.25
1500-2500 within set back 12 6 6 6 8.11 1.33 2.25
2500-5000 35% 12 9 9 9 8.11 1.33 2.25
Source- Rajasthan Housing building by Laws 2017

Table 5.3.3 Group Housing

Group Housing
Plot size Max. G. Min. Set-back Max. Standard Max.
(sqm.) Ht. FAR FAR
cov. front side side back

>50 00 35% 15 9 9 9 8.11 1.33 2.25

Source- Rajasthan Housing building by Laws 2017

Table 5.3.4 Hostel Guest House Requirements

Hostel Guest house in Residential Scheme
225-350 within set 4.5 3 - 3 12 m - 1.5
back
350-500 within set 6 3 3 3 12 m - 1.5
back
500-750 within set 7.5 3 3 3 12 m 1.33 1.5
back
750- within set 9 4.5 4.5 4.5 15 m 1.33 1.5
1000 back
1000- within set 9 4.5 4.5 4.5 8.11 1.33 1.5
1500 back
Source- Rajasthan Housing building by Laws 2017

Parking Facility
• No parking facility compulsory for less than 500 Sqm plot.
• 1 ECU per 150 sqm. FAR. For more than 500 sqm. Residential project.
• For theatre 1 ECU per 10 seats.
• For commercial 1 ECU per 50 Sqm FAR.
• 1 ECU = 23 sqm in open area.
• 1 ECU = 28 sqm in ground level parking.
• 1 ECU = 32 sqm in Basement parking.
• 75 % of total ECU is reserved for car, 20% two wheelers and 5 % for Bicycle.
• 25 % extra parking provision for Guests.

194
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Various Models of Affordable Housing
(I) Model No-1: Mandatory Provisions:
• Rajasthan housing board to construct at least 50% plots/ houses/ flats of EWS/LIG category
in its schemes. Another 20% of the plots/ houses/ flats to be constructed for MIG-A
category.
• All urban local bodies including jaipur development authority, jodhpur development
authority, urbanimprovement trusts and municipal bodies to allot/construct at least 25%
plots/houses/flats of ews/lig category in their residential/ housing schemes. Another 20% of
the plots/ houses/ flats to be allotted to MIG-A category.
• Private developers to reserve 15% of the dwelling units to be used for ews/lig housing in
each of their township/group housing schemes.
(Ii) Model No-2: Private Developers On Land Owned By Them:
• The selected developers to take up construction of EWS/LIG flats (G+2/G+3 format) on
minimum 40% ofthe total land set apart for housing scheme under the policy. Department of
urban development housing & local self govt. December '2009 government of rajasthan
affordable housing policy – 2009 (with focus on ews & lig housing) (for urban areas of
rajasthan)
• The built up EWS/LIG flats to be handed over to the nodal agency (avas vikas limited) at
pre-determined prices, to be allotted to the eligible beneficiaries by the nodal agency.
• The developer would be free to construct mig/hig flats on remaining land as per his choice.
• Several incentives offered to developers like double of the normal far, tdr facility, waiver of
edc, building plan approval fee, conversion charges, 10% of the total land allowed for
commercial use, fast track approval etc.
(Iii) Model No-3: Private Developers On Acquired Land:
 The selected developer can take up construction of EWS/LIG flats (G+2/G+3) on the land
under acquisition by ulbs.
 The land would be made available to the developer on payment of compensation (land
acquisition cost + 10% administration charges).
 All other parameters to be followed and incentives to the developer would be as per model
no. 2.

195
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
(Iv) Model No-4: Private Developers On Government Land: (For Rental Housing Or
Outright Sale Basis)
 Earmarked government land to be offered free of cost to the developer to be selected through
an open
 bidding process. The developer offering the maximum number of EWS/LIG flats (built up,
G+2/G+3 formats) free of cost to the ULB, would be awarded the project. At least 50%
houses should be of EWS category.
 The developer shall be free to use the remaining land as per his choice for residential purpose
with 10% for commercial use.
 All other parameters to be followed and incentives to the developer would be as per model
no. 2.
(V) Model No-5: Slum Housing:
 The model is based on various schemes approved by government of india and also on the
lines of "mumbai model" of slum redevelopment with private sector participation.
(Vi) other features:
 Attractive incentives offered to the developers
 Role of the state government, nodal agency, rajasthan housing board, ulbs and developers
well defined.
 Department of urban development housing & local self govt. December '2009 Government of
Rajasthan Affordable Housing Policy – 2009 (With Focus on EWS & LIG Housing) (For
Urban Areas of Rajasthan)
 Procedure and general guidelines including eligibility of developers and beneficiaries have
been clearly indicated in the policy.
 Indicative plan of ews & lig flats with super built up area of 325 sq.Ft./ 500 sq.Ft. Along with
general construction specifications are also annexed in the policy.
Source- Affordable Housing Policy, 2009

196
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
5.3.2 Industries
Table 5.3.5 Industrial Infrastructure Requirement
Sr. Area of plot Security Security Cycle, Toilet Block Chowkidar
No (Acres/Sqm) Room, LT Room, HT Scooter Car in Quarter in
Meter Room Meter Room Shed in side /rear Rear setback
& Time & Time side/rear setback (Dimension
Office in Office in setback (Dimension in Meters.)
front/side set front/side set (Dimension in Meters.)
backs backs in Meters.)
(Dimension in (Dimension in
Meters.) Meters.)
1 500-1000 sqm 3.30x5.50 3.30x6.00 2.00x5.00 1.50x2.00 -
2 1001-3000 sqm 3.30x5.50 3.50x6.00 2.00x8.00 1.50x3.00 3.00x6.00
3 3001-4000 sqm 3.30x6.60 3.50x7.00 3.00x8.00 2.50x4.50 3.00x6.00
4 4001-5000 sqm 4.00x6.60 4.00x7.00 3.00x8.00 2.50x4.50 3.00x6.00
5 5001- 4.00x6.60 4.00x7.00 4.00x20.00 4.0 x 6.0 3.50x6.00
10000Sqm
6 10001Sqm to 5 - 4.50x7.00 5.50x20.00 4.00x7.00 3.50x6.00
acres (Two Nos.)
7 Upto 15 acres - 5.50x8.00 5.50x25.00 4.00x8.00 3.50x6.00
(Two Nos.)
8 Upto 50 acres - 6.00x9.00 5.50x30.00 4.00x9.00 3.50x6.00
(Four Nos.)
9 Above 50 acres - 6.00x10.00 5.50x35.00 4.00x10.00 3.50x6.00
(Four Nos.)
RIICO Building Regulations, 2018

Table 5.3.6 Industrial Parking Requirements

Occupancy One Car Parking Space for Every

Population less Population Population 2 Population 10 Population

than 50000 50,000 to lacs to lakhs to above 50 lakhs
2 lacs 10 lacs 50 lakhs
Industrial 400 sq. m or 300 sq. m or 200 sq. m or 100 sq. m or 50 sq. m or
fraction thereof fraction thereof fraction thereof fraction thereof fraction thereof
Source- RIICO Building Regulations, 2018

197
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Table 5.3.7 Types of Industries based on Colour
Type Of
Categorization Reasoning(pollution Based) Pollution Index
Industries
Red High level of Pollution 60 and above
Orange Medium or comparatively(to red) lower level of 41 to 59
pollution
Green Much lower level or minimum level of pollution 210 to 40
White Minimum level of pollution Up to 20
RIICO Building Regulations, 2018

Table 5.3.8 Types of Industries based on Scale

Type Of Industries Categorization Reasoning(no. Of Workers Based)
Small Scale Industries 159 workers or less
Medium Scale Industries 160-289 workers
RIICO Building Regulations, 2018

Table 5.3.9 Right of Way and FAR

S. No. Right of way of road FAR
1 Up to 18.00 meters wide (including 18.00 mts.) 1.50
2 Above 18.00 meters to 24.00 meters 1.60
wide (including 24.00 meter)
3 Beyond 24.00 meter wide 1.75
RIICO Building Regulations, 2018

Table 5.3.10 Industrial Plots Setbacks

Plot Area Front Setback Side Setback- I Side Setback- II Rear Setback
(in sq. meter) (in meter) (in meter) (in meter) (in meter)
150 to 249 2.50 1.00 - 1.00
250 to 499 3.00 1.50 - 1.20
500 to 1000 3.00 3.00 - 1.20
1001 to 1500 5.00 3.00 - 2.50
1501 to 3000 5.00 3.00 3.00 3.00
3001 to 4,000 6.00 3.00 3.00 3.00
4,001 to10,000 6.00 4.00 4.00 4.00
10,001 to 50,000 7.50 4.50 4.50 4.50
Above50,000 9.00 9.00 9. 00 9.00
RIICO Building Regulations, 2018

198
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
5.3.3 Commercial
Table 5.3.11 Commercial Infrastructure

Components Dmp standards Huda norms Puda standard Area(acre)

Area(acre) Area(acre)

Hotel Cinema hall 2 0.75 2.2

Library - 0.75 .25
Auditorium Theatre 0.5 0.2 .25
Art gallery 1 - .5
Exhibition hall Club 0.5 - 0.5
Petrol pump 0.5 - 0.5
Police post 0.3 - 2.5
Post office 2.5 - 0.25
Community hall 0.25 - 0.25
Electric sub station 0.5 0.1 1
Source- URDPFI Guidelines, 2015

Table 5.3.12 Types of Shops

Type of Shop District(No) Community(No.) Sector(No.) Cluster no.

Formal 1250 365 55 24
Shops(Total) 1200 295 35 16
General Retail - 40 6 3
Fruits and 50 30 13 5
Vegetables
Service & repairs 370 110 22 13
Total Shops 1620 475 77 37
Source- URDPFI Guidelines, 2015

Table 5.3.13 Informal Sector Requirements

Sr.No. Category No. of Informal Units*
1 Retail Trade- 3 to 4 units per 10 formal
1a Central Business District shops
1b Sub central Business District 1c District Centre
1d Community Centre

199
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022

2 Government and Commercial Offices 5 to 6 units per 1000

employees
3 Wholesale Trade and Freight Complexes 3-4 units per 10 formal shop
4 Hospital 3-4 units per 100 beds
5 Bus Terminal 1 unit per 2 bus bays
6 Schools
6a. Primary 3-4 units
6b Secondary/ Senior Secondary/Integrated 5-6 units
7 Parks
7a. Regional/ District Parks 8-10 units at each major
entry
7b. Neighborhood Parks 2-3 units
8 Residential 1 unit/ 1000 population
9 Industrial 5-6 units per 1000
employees
Source- URDPFI Guidelines, 2015

Table 5.3.14 Commercial Parking Requirements

Components Parking standards
Shops and markets Offices 1 space for every 80 sq.m of floor area 1 space for
Theatre and cinemas every 70 sq.m of floor area 1 space for every 20 seats
Five star hotel Open parking Basement 1 space for every 4 guest rooms
parking 1 space= 1 e.c.s ( 18 sq.m)
1 space = 1 e.c.s (28 sq.m)
Source- URDPFI Guidelines, 2015

Informal sector
Designated vending and non-vending zones will be incorporated in the following developments:
• City Commercial Centre
• Community Commercial Centre
• Wholesale trade and Integrated Freight Complex
• Hospital
• Railway Terminus
• Primary/Secondary/Senior Secondary/Integrated Schools
• City/District parks
• Residential developments
• Industrial developments.

200
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
 No informal unit should be permitted along/near the intersection in order to avoid traffic
congestion and accidents.

5.3.4 Physical Infrastructure

Table 5.3.15 Water Supply Standards

Sr. Classification of town/cities Recommended maximum

no. water supply levels (lpcd)
1. Towns provided with piped water supply but without 70
sewerage system
2. Cities provided with piped water supply where 135
sewerage system is
existing / contemplated
3. Metropolitan and Mega cities provided with piped 150
water supply where sewerage system is
existing/contemplated
Source- URDPFI Guidelines, 2015

Table 5.3.16 Maximum Water Supply Levels

Recommended maximum
Sr. no. Land use water supply levels
per acre
1. Towns provided with piped water
supply but without sewerage 400
system
2. commercial 60
3. circulation 60
4. Open spaces 60
5. Public/semi-public 60
Source- URDPFI Guidelines, 2015

Table 5.3.17 Land Requirement for Water Supply System

Land requirement for Water Supply Recommended maximum
Sr. no.
System water supply levels per acre
1. 5 MLD 0.10
2. 10MLD 0.19
3. 50MLD 0.93
4. 100MLD 1.87
Source- URDPFI Guidelines, 2015

201
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Table 5.3.18 Institutional Water Supply
Sr. Institutions Litres per head per day
no.
1. Hospital (including laundry)
a. no of beds exceeding 100 70
b. no. of beds not exceeding 100
2. Hotels 180 (per bed)

3. Hostels 135

4. Nurses homes and medical qu arters 135

5. Boarding schools/colleges 135

6. Restaurants 70 (per seat)

7. Airport and seaports 70

8. Junction stations and intermedi ate station where mail
or expre ss stoppage (both railway and bus stations) is 70
provided

9. Terminal stations 45
10 45 (could be redu ced to 25
Intermediate stations (excludin g mail and express
where bathing facilities ar e not
stops)
provided

11. Day Schools/colleges 45

12. Offices 45
13. Factories 45)

14. Cinema, concert halls and thea tres 15

Source- URDPFI Guidelines, 2015

Table 5.3.19 Industrial Water Requirement

Recommended maximum
Industry Unit of production Water supply levels per
acre
Automobile Vehicle 40
Distillery Kilolitre (proof alcohol) 127-170
Fertilisers Tonne 80-200
Leather 100 kg (tanned) 200-400
Textile 100 kg (goods) 8‐14
Source- URDPFI Guidelines, 2015

202
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Sewerage and Disposal Norms
As per CPHEEO manual, 80% of water supply may be expected to reach the sewers however it
recom mends designing the system by considering minimu m wastewater flow of 100 litres per
capita per day. Area required for STP of 1 MLD=0.25ha
Source: CPHEEO Manual, 1999
Drainage

• Drainage should be addressed while design of cycle lanes and tracks to prevent ponding and
erosions during rains, this would ensure safe usage of bicycle track.

• Improper design of gully gratings, water collection on the edge of bicycle lanes/tracks will
hinder the comfort of riding and will prevent cyclists from its usage.

• In arterial roads, by design there should be a segregated bicycling facility or a cycle track,
there would be a strip/area segregating the carriageway and the bicycle track.

• The footpath or any area other than below the cycle track because it will hamper the
work/movement of cyclists

• Subject to the minimum size of 100 mm the sizes of pipes shall be decided in relation to the
estimated quantity of flow and the available gradient.

• Drainage pipes shall be kept clear of all other services. Provisions shall be made during the
construction of the building for the entry of the drainage pipes.

Source: CPHEEO Manual, 1999

Electrical power supply norms
Power supply consumption works out to be about 2 KW per household at the city level
including domestic, commercial, industrial and other requirements.
1 electric substation of 11 KV for a population of 15,000 is recommended for towns/ cities.
Solid Waste Management Norms
Table 5.3.20 Waste Generation
Recommended maximum water
Sr. no. Waste Generation Per Capita per Day
supply levels per acre
1. Residential refuse 0.3 to 0.6 kg/cap/day
2. Commercial refuse 0.1 to 0.2 kg/cap/day

203
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022

3. Street sweepings 0.05 to 0.2 kg/cap/day

4. Institutional refuse 0.05 to 0.2 kg/cap/day
Source- URDPFI Guidelines, 2015

Table 5.3.21 Types of Utility

Sr. no. Type of utility Depth (in meters)

1. Trunk Sewer Line 2 to 6m

2. Water Supply line 1 – 1.5

3. Service Line 0.6 - 1

4. Trunk Line 1 – 1.5

5. Electric Cable 1 – 1.5

Source- URDPFI Guidelines, 2015

Table 5.3.22 Street Lights Requirements

Sr. no. Particulars Illumination Level
1. Roads 30 lux
2. Pedestrian crossings 50 lux
3. Residential street ighting 1 -10 lux
4. Cycle track 20 lux
Source- Smart city Code of practice part -1

Lighting
• Lighting is required for visibility of a roadway and it adds to the safety of all features of a
• road design.
• luminaires are mounted at heights of at least 9 m [30 ft].
• Lighting uniformity is improved with higher mounting heights, and in most cases, mounting
heights of 10 to 15m [35 to 50 ft].
• High mast lighting, special luminaires on masts of 30 m [100 ft], is used to light large
• highway areas such as interchanges and rest areas.

204
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Traffic and Transportation
Table 5.3.23 Road Hierarchy

Traffic and
Hierarchy Width (m)
Transportation
Roads Arterial 50-60
Sub-arterial 30-40
Collector road 20-30
Local street 10-20
Width Of Footpaths Min Free Walkway 1.8
Commercial/Mixed Use Area 2.5
Shopping Frontage 3.5-4.5
Bus Stop 3
High Density Commercial Area 4
Bus Bays Idle Parking 145 sqm
Angular 76 sqm
Parallel 104 sqm
Planning Norms And Capacity Of An Intra-city Bus 1.5 Lakh Pax./Day
Space Standards For Bus Terminal
Terminal
One Bus Bay For 5000 Loading
Passengers/Day

One Bus Bay For 10,000 Unloading

Passengers/Day

Peak Hour Load 10% Of Daily Pax. Load

Occupancy/Bus 50 Ideal

Time Taken For Loading 6 Min ; 12 Min

Time Taken For Unloading 3 Min ; 6 Min

Norms and standards along F. A. R. in the Zone 1 4.0

TOD corridor
F. A. R.in the zone 2 & 3 3.0

Height restrictions in Zone 1 27 m

205
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022

Height restrictions in Zone 2 & 3 16 m

Density Norms in Zone 1 High density (up to 175 pph)

Density Norms in Zone 2 Medium density (140 – 150

pph)

Density Norms in Zone 3 Low density (up to 125 pph)

Traffic Calming In and around the influence zone 40 kmph.

Maximum speed limit of roads 20 kmph

having ROW less or equal to 12m
Source- URDPFI Guidelines, 2015

Table 5.3.24 Carriageway Width for Each Road

Traffic And Types Of Design Space Characteristics Width of Width of

Transportation Road Speed Standard Each Car Each Bus
(Km/h) (m) Lane (m) Lane (m)
Design Urban 80 50-60 Min 6 Lanes 3 To 3.5m 3.5m
Consideration Expressway Divided Width Each (Segregated)
And Carriage
Way Width Arterial Road 50 50-80 Min 6 Lanes 3 To 3.5m 3.5m
Divided Width Each (Segregated)

Sub Arterial 50 30-50 Min 4 Lanes 3 To 3.5m 3.5m

Road Divided Width Each (Segregated)
Or Painted
Lane

Distributor/ 30 12-30 Max 4 Lanes Of 2 Lanes Of Mixed

Collector 3 M Width 3 To 3.5m Traffic
Roads Each Or 2 Lanes Width Each
Of 3 To 3.3 M
Width Each

Local Street 10-20 12-20 1 to 2 Lanes; 2.75 to 3m Not Required

Traffic Width Each
Calming Is
Required

Access Street 15 6-15 1 to 2 Lanes; Of 2.75 to 3m Not Required

2.75 To 3m Width Each
Width Each

206
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Social Infrastructure
Table 5.3.25 Social Infrastructure
Sr. Social Population Served
Categories Area Required
No. Infrastructure by each unit

1. Educational Senior Secondary School 7,500 1.80 Ha

Facilities College 1.25 lakh 5 Ha
University - 10 to 60 Ha
Technical Institute 10 lakh 4 Ha
Medical Institute 11 lakh 15 Ha

2. Healthcare Facilities Intermediate Hospital 1 lakh 3.7 Ha

(200 beds)
Maternity Hospital 50,000 500 to 800 sqm
Veterinary Hospital 5 lakh 2000 sqm
3. Recreational Amusement Parks - -
Facilities Marriage Places 15,000 2000 sqm
Bouquet Halls 15,000 2001 sqm
Stadium - -
Cinema 1 lac -
4. Services Bank 15,000 2500sqm
Police station 90,000 1.5 Ha
Fire station 2 lakh 1 ha
General Post office 2.5 lakh 750 sqm
LPG Godowns 50,000 520 sqm
5. Organized Green Housing Area Park 5,000 0.5 Ha
Neighbourhood park 15,000 1 Ha
Community park 1 lakh 5 Ha
District park 5 lakh 25 Ha
Sub city Park 10 lakh 100 Ha
Source- URDPFI Guidelines, 2015

Table 5.3.26 Highway Development Control Area

Uses 30m (100’) And Above

Residential Flats/Apartment, Group Housing, Townships (Above 2ha), Affordable

Housing

207
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022

Commercial Commercial Complex,

Mall, Multiplex ,
Bank, Restaurant, Hotel, Marriage
Cinema Hall, Hotel,
Hotel, Motel, Resort, Gardens, Banquet Halls,
Fuel Filling Station,
Showroom, Shops Non-inflammable Go
Petrol Pumps
Downs

Public/Semi- public Nursery, Primary,

College, University,
Middle Schools, Secondary, Senior
Professional
Coaching Centre And Secondary Schools
Institutions
Institute

Hospital(up To 20 Hospital(up To 60 Hospital(above 20

Beds) Beds) Beds)

Auditorium, Art
Community Centre, Conventional
Gallery, Exhibition
Religious Building Centre
Centre, Museum
Hostel, Dharmashala
Recreational Recreational Club
Industrial Household Industry
Agricultural Plant Nursery, Orchard

Government/ Public On All Roads After Approval From Competent Authority

Utilities
Source- URDPFI Guidelines, 2015

Other Controls
Table 5.3.27 Buffer Zone and Rain Water Harvesting Guidelines
Guidelines for Buffer Zones
Green buffer around the In between residential areas and air polluting industries falling in
industrial area industrial zone of master plan shall be provided with a green buffer
of min. of 50 meters/max 200 meters depth all along the
industrial/residential zone. Greenbelt with tree density of 1000 trees/
acre shall be developed in the said buffer zone. The provision of
buffer strip shall be made by the owner of Land use, which comes
later.
Green buffer along the 30 m wide green strip is proposed along the highways and bye-pass (
highways loop road)
Guidelines for Rain Water Harvesting
In public buildings. Mandatory provision for roof top water harvesting structure in plots
more than 300 sqm. of area.
Source- URDPFI Guidelines, 2015

208
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022
Other controls-
 Super Kerosene Oil/ Light Diesel Oil for industrial activity shall be given separately.
 Large petrol/diesel storage centers to be located outside city jurisdiction.
 Fire stations should be located so that the fire tenders are able to reach any disaster site
within 3‐5 minutes.
 Fire stations should be located on corner plots as far as possible and on the main roads with
minimum two entries.
 The concerned agencies shall take approval from Fire Department for fire fighting measures
while laying the services for an area.
Table 5.3.28 Ecological Zone
Minimum road width and use premises
Uses 12m (40‟) 18m (60‟) 24m (80‟) 30m (100‟)
& Above
Residential Farm houses, low density low rise residential
Commercial Resorts, petrol pump, motels
Public/ Semi-Public Religious building
Recreational Parks Play grounds, mela ground
Agricultural Plant nursery, orchard, dairy farm, poultry farm, wild life
sanctuary
Public Utilities On all roads after approval from competent authority.
Source- URDPFI Guidelines, 2015

5.4 Conclusion
It is concluded that this section gives the direction of the proposals in terms of phases. It provides
priority wise proposals according to the need and problems of the town within the term of 20
years. Zoning of the proposals restrict the development of the proposals so that other landuses
does not create incompatible landuse. Also zoning regulations are given for the appropriate
construction of proposals accordig to norms and standards.

209
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022

BIBLIOGRAPHY
Introduction to Town Planning by Hiraskar G.K. (2018-19 Session), <www.z-lib.org> Page
21 retrieved on 14th April, 2022
Punjab Regional and Town Planning and Development Act 1995
<www.gmada.gov.in/files/act_2815> accessed on 15th April, 2022
Urban Development Topic by World Bank <www.worldbank.org/topic/overview> accessed
on 15th April, 2022
Delhi Development Authority <www.dda.org> retrieved on 14th April, 2022
World Health Organization. Healthy City 2009 <www.euro.who.int/health-topics/urban-
health> accessed on 7th May, 2022
International Guidelines on Urban and Territorial Planning.
<www.unhabitat.org/topic/files/documents> accessed on 10th May, 2022
Kulshrestha, S.K. Dictionary of Urban and Regional Planning. Published in 2006. Pg: 1-236
URDPFI Guidelines (2015), Volume-I, Ministry of Housing and Urban Development,
Government of India, New Delhi
Building Construction by Rangawala S.C. [2005], Page 23 retrieved on 13th April, 2022
Rajasthan Urban Improvement Act, 1959 <www.urban.rajasthan.gov.in.pdfs.rti.actbylaws>
accessed on 13th April, 2022
IRC 69: Space Standards for Roads in Urban Areas
<www.thelibraryofcivilengineer.files.com> accessed on 22th April, 2022
IRC 86: Standards for Urban Roads in Plains <www.thelibraryofcivilengineer.files.com>
accessed on 22th April, 2022

210
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022

ANNEXURES
LPA Population Projection
Arthemetic Increase Geometric Increase Incremental Increase
Village Growth Growth Average Assumed Projected
Method Method Method
Village Name Population X Y rate % rate % Growth Growth Population
Pn=P0+N*X Pn=P0(1+R/100)^N Pn=P0+N*X+(N(N+1)/2)*Y
(2001) (2011) rate % rate %
1991 2001 2011 2021 2031 2041 2021 2031 2041 2021 2031 2041 2021 2031 2041
Bhagwansar
13904 10949 19222 2659 11228 -27 43 8 8 21881 24540 27199 20760 22421 24214 33109 58224 94567 25250 35062 48660
(1 SGM)
17 STB-B 1315 1547 1840 263 61 15 16 15 15 2103 2365 2628 2116 2433 2798 2164 2548 2994 2127 2449 2806
7 SGM 2230 5172 7187 2479 -927 57 28 42 42 9666 12144 14623 10206 14492 20578 8739 9363 9061 9537 12000 14754
8 SHPD 3304 4440 6764 1730 1188 26 34 30 30 8494 10224 11954 8793 11431 14861 9682 13788 19082 8990 11814 15299
9 SGM 590 668 810 110 64 12 18 15 15 920 1030 1140 932 1071 1232 984 1222 1524 945 1108 1299
Sardargarh
5210 5595 6280 535 300 7 11 9 10 6815 7350 7885 6908 7599 8359 7115 8250 9685 6946 7733 8643
(11 SGM)
Bhairoonpura 1543 2195 2764 611 -83 30 21 25 25 3375 3985 4596 3455 4319 5398 3292 3736 4098 3374 4013 4697
Amarpura
1227 2077 2760 767 -167 41 25 33 33 3527 4293 5060 3671 4882 6493 3360 3792 4058 3519 4322 5203
Jatan
Manaksar 2345 4210 5998 1827 -77 44 30 37 37 7825 9651 11478 8217 11258 15423 7748 9420 11016 7930 10110 12639
Suratgarh
171 483 545 187 -250 65 11 38 38 732 919 1106 752 1038 1432 482 169 -394 655 709 715
(Rural)
Rangmahal 3416 4189 4779 682 -183 18 12 15 15 5461 6142 6824 5496 6320 7268 5278 5593 5726 5411 6018 6606
Bhojewala 1737 2371 2811 537 -194 27 16 21 21 3348 3885 4422 3401 4116 4980 3154 3303 3258 3301 3768 4220
Kishanpura 1618 2338 2711 547 -347 31 14 22 22 3258 3804 4351 3307 4035 4923 2911 2763 2269 3158 3534 3847
Rajpura
1340 2369 3112 886 -286 43 24 34 34 3998 4884 5770 4170 5588 7488 3712 4026 4054 3960 4833 5771
Piperan
Sangeeta 3487 4530 5537 1025 -36 23 18 21 21 6562 7587 8612 6700 8107 9809 6526 7479 8396 6596 7724 8939
Padampura 2219 3130 3531 656 -510 29 11 20 20 4187 4843 5499 4237 5085 6102 3677 3313 2439 4034 4414 4680
Total 45656 56263 76651 92149 107646 123144 93121 114194 141359 101930 136989 181830 95733 119610 148777
Source:- Computed value

211
 Preparation of Master Plan-Suratgarh,Rajasthan 2022

LPA Work Force Projection

Arthemetic Increase Method Geometric Increase Method
Village Population Growth rate % Projected Population
Village Name X Pn=P0+N*X Pn=P0(1+R/100)^N
(2011)
2001 2011 2021 2031 2041 2021 2031 2041 2021 2031 2041
Bhagwansar(1 SGM) 6877 10337 3460 33 13797 17257 20717 13748 18285 24319 13773 17771 22518
17 STB-B 670 856 186 22 1042 1228 1414 1044 1274 1554 1043 1251 1484
7 SGM 3531 4142 611 15 4753 5364 5975 4763 5478 6299 4758 5421 6137
8 SHPD 2842 2529 -313 -12 2216 1903 1590 2226 1958 1723 2221 1931 1657
9 SGM 615 525 -90 -17 435 345 255 436 362 300 435 353 278
Sardargarh(11 SGM) 2659 3531 872 25 4403 5275 6147 4414 5517 6896 4408 5396 6522
Bhairoonpura 1054 1408 354 25 1762 2116 2470 1760 2200 2750 1761 2158 2610
Amarpura Jatan 873 1500 627 42 2127 2754 3381 2130 3025 4295 2129 2889 3838
Manaksar 2903 2005 -898 -45 1107 209 -689 1103 607 334 1105 408 -178
Suratgarh (Rural) 320 352 32 9 384 416 448 384 418 456 384 417 452
Rangmahal 1617 2467 850 34 3317 4167 5017 3306 4430 5936 3311 4298 5476
Bhojewala 1074 1650 576 35 2226 2802 3378 2228 3007 4060 2227 2905 3719
Kishanpura 855 1273 418 33 1691 2109 2527 1693 2252 2995 1692 2180 2761
Rajpura Piperan 747 1388 641 46 2029 2670 3311 2026 2959 4320 2028 2814 3815
Sangeeta 2372 3132 760 24 3892 4652 5412 3884 4816 5972 3888 4734 5692
Padampura 1376 1747 371 21 2118 2489 2860 2114 2558 3095 2116 2523 2977
Total 30385 38842 47299 55756 64213 47258 59145 75304 47278 57450 69759
Source:- Computed value

212