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    Arabic Related 5

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    Mohamed
    1) Lays is the verb used in Arabic to negate sentences that do not contain a verb, such as statements of possession or identity. 2) It conjugates like a past tense verb but has the meaning of "is not" or "are not". 3) The full conjugation of lays is provided, with forms for I, you, he/she/it, and we.

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    Arabic Related 5

    Uploaded by

    Mohamed
    51 views3 pages
    1) Lays is the verb used in Arabic to negate sentences that do not contain a verb, such as statements of possession or identity. 2) It conjugates like a past tense verb but has the meaning of "is not" or "are not". 3) The full conjugation of lays is provided, with forms for I, you, he/she/it, and we.

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    Arabic related 5

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    1) Lays is the verb used in Arabic to negate sentences that do not contain a verb, such as statements of possession or identity. 2) It conjugates like a past tense verb but has the meaning of "is not" or "are not". 3) The full conjugation of lays is provided, with forms for I, you, he/she/it, and we.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    51 views3 pages

    Arabic Related 5

    Uploaded by

    Mohamed
    1) Lays is the verb used in Arabic to negate sentences that do not contain a verb, such as statements of possession or identity. 2) It conjugates like a past tense verb but has the meaning of "is not" or "are not". 3) The full conjugation of lays is provided, with forms for I, you, he/she/it, and we.

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    ‫ليس‬

    ‫لَ ْي َس‬ is an extremely important verb in Arabic. We know we don’t use a verb to say “am” “is”

    or “are.” But how do we negate these things? You cannot negate a sentence like ‫طالب‬ ‫أنا‬ with

    ‫ال‬. This is a common beginner mistake and one an intermediate student would not be expected to
    make. ‫ لَ ْيس‬is used to negate an Arabic sentence that does not have a verb in it. This includes
    َ
    statements like ‫ عندي‬which, as you know, is not a verb.

    .‫ليس الطالب‬
    َ ‫هل هو الطالب؟ هو‬

    .‫هل عندك أخ؟ ليس عندي أخ‬

    .‫هل لك كلب؟ ليس لي كلب‬

    The “she” form of ‫ لَ ْيس‬is ‫ت‬


    ْ ‫لَ ْيس‬. Notice it has the same ending as every other past tense
    َ َ
    verb you have seen. Although ‫ لَ ْيس‬is always in the past, its meaning is “not.” (It basically
    َ
    comes from a contraction of a verb phrase meaning “did not become,” but now has the meaning
    of “is not” “are not” etc.)

    .‫ليس األستاذ‬
    َ ‫ هو‬،‫ ال‬ ‫هل هو األستاذ؟‬

    .‫ليست األستاذة‬
    ْ ‫ هي‬،‫ ال‬ ‫هل هي األستاذة؟‬
    ‫ت‬
    ُ ‫لَ ْس‬

    The “I” version of ‫ ليس‬ends just like every other “I” verb. You will notice that the ‫ يـ‬has
    َ
    dropped out of the middle. Please note the pronunciation well. There is no such thing as
    “Laystu.” Listeners will be confused as to about whom you are talking. the “ay” sound remains
    only for he, she and they. The good news is that this pattern will hold for every verb with a long
    vowel in the middle.

    .‫لست األستاذ‬
    ُ ،‫أنت األستاذ؟ ال‬
    َ ‫هل‬

    .‫لست متزوجة‬
    ُ ،‫متزوجة؟ ال‬ ِ ‫ هل‬،‫يا نيكول‬
    ‫أنت‬
    ّ

    ِ
    ‫لست‬ ‫لست‬
    َ

    The “you” form of ‫ ليس‬looks like every other “you” verb, and also rhymes with the pronoun:
    َ
    ِ ‫ لس‬ ‫أنت‬
    ‫ـت‬ ِ ‫لست‬
    َ  ‫أنت‬
    َ

    The full conjugation of ‫ ليس‬is below:

    Verb* Person
    I am not
    ‫أنا‬
    ُ ْ‫َلس‬
    ‫ت‬
    You are not َ ‫أ ْن‬
    ‫ت‬
    َ ْ‫َلس‬
    ‫ت‬
    You are not
    ِ ‫أ ْن‬
    ‫ت‬
    ِ ْ‫َلس‬
    ‫ت‬
    he (it) is not
    ‫ه َُو‬
    َ ‫َلي‬
    ‫ْس‬
    she (it) is not
    ‫ِي‬
    َ ‫ه‬
    ْ ‫َل ْي َس‬
    ‫ت‬
    we are not
    ُ‫َنحْ ن‬
    ‫َلسْ نا‬

    More advanced points:

    ‫ليس‬ , like ‫كان‬


    َ and a number of other verbs affects a sentence like so:
    1

    ‫أنا طالب‬

    ً‫لست طالبا‬
    ُ

    ً‫كنت طالبا‬
    ُ
    What has happened here? You will notice that the first sentence has no verb in it. In the second

    two sentences, there is now a verb. The subject of each sentence is “I”. The word ‫ طالب‬has
    become the object of the verb (if the verb is “not”, then what is the thing that I am not? That is

    now the object of the verb). As you may remember, an indefinite object takes a ً‫ ا‬ending. Thus

    the object of ‫ ليس‬or ‫ كان‬has an ً‫ ا‬ending, which does not affect the meaning. You can look
    this up in an Arabic grammar book where you will get a much more convoluted explanation that
    essentially means the same thing.

    1
    Some of the others we have seen are ‫ صار‬،‫ مازال‬،‫أصبح‬ all verbs that have to do with “being.”

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