JUNCK FOOD

Names:-

1. P.Ayesha Nikhath
2. A. Deepthi
3. M.Aswini

Introduction To The Topic:-

Food Is Important For Survival.It Provide Necessary Nutrition For The Body Of The Human
Being.Healthy Wholesome Foods Have Been Replaced By The New Food Mantra-Junk
Food.The Availability Of Food And Snacks At Low Price And Selling Methods Has
Attracted This Generation .Fast Food,Which Is Available Readymade And Easy To Eat Is
Now A Days Became A Habit.Where By , Consumption Of Fast Food That Require Neither
The Structure Nor The Proper Preparation Of A Meal.

This Addiction Has No Age Limit, Every One Attractes To This Fast Foods.

Food Eaten Outside The Home Is Now Becoming A Significant And Regular Component Of
Life.Consumpthion Of High Calorie Fast Food Leads To Many Diseases

How Might We Statement:-

How Might We Help

 We Can Help The Junk Food /Fast Food Addicters To Get Rid Of That Habit.
 By Getting Them To Know About The Issues And Losses That They Are Going To
Face.
 Listening Them The Issues Of The Health.

Target Respondent:

1. Children
2. Teenagers
3. Job Holders
4. Bachelor's
5. City Cultured People/Posh People

Children:- Attracts To Fast Food By Its Color,Smell,And Its Structure

Teenagers:-Most Of The Teeneagers Tends To Attend Parties,Gatherings Where They Prefer

To Junk Food Consumption

Job Holders:-Due To Lack Of Time To Prepare,They Are Habituated To Easy Making And
Ready Made Food
Bachlors:-Due To Lack Of Cooking Skills,They Prefer To Have Ready Made And Fast
Cooking Foods.

City Culture People:-As The People Live In Pash Places,Its Become Their Habit.

To Achieve A Goal:

 We,Team Members Have To Reach Out To The People Who Are Addicted To Eat
Junk And Unhealthy Food.
 To Achieve The Goal,One Has To Aware Of The Consequences Of Eating/Having
More Junk Food.
 We Have To Contact With More People As Many As Possible.

By(Mention The Idea/Support/Activity)

 By Reaching The People,We Can Make Them Know Or Aware Of The Problem That
They Are Going To Face.
 Motivating/Making Focus On The Good And Unhealthy Food.
 By Giving The Examples Of Experienced People Who Suffered On This Problem.

Issn No. (Print): 0975-1718

Issn No. (Online): 2242479-3

Junk Food And Human Health: A Synoptic Review

Nilima Y. Bhoge Department Of Food Science,

Arts Science And Commerce College Chikhaldara, (Maharashtra), India

(Corresponding Author: Nilima Y. Bhoge)

(Received 11 May, 2015 Accepted 20 June, 2015)

(Published By Research Trend, Website: Www.Researchtrend.Net)

Abstract: Drastic Changes Have Been Observed Among The People In The Recent Years
With Reference To Selection Of Different Food Items. On The Other Hand, Various Diseases
Were Reported Among The People All Over The World And The Obvious Reasons Were
The Consumption Of Junk Foods. The Worst Victims Were The Children Who Prefer Junk
Foods Available At The Market. Diet Cognisant People Are Now Getting The Message That
Wise Dietary Fat Choices Offer Essential Fatty Acids, Blood Lipid Management, Maintained
Endocrine And Immune Function, Inflammation Control, Metabolic Effects And Even
Potential Body Composition And Performance Benefits. This Has Compelled Certain
Companies To Sell Foods That Are Recognized By Health Authorities. The Present Review
Aims To Strengthen Our Knowledge Regarding The Use Of Junk Food And Its Possible
Health Impacts. Practical Suggestions For Incorporating Healthy Fats Will Be Made.
Keywords: Junk Food, Health, Selection, Balanced Diet

I. Introduction
Junk Food Is A Depreciatory Phrase For Inexpensive Food With High Levels Of Calories
From Sugar Or Fat With Little Fiber, Protein, Vitamins Or Minerals (O'neill And Brendon,
2010). The Term Dates Back At Least To The Early 1950s, (Zimmer And Ben 2010)
Although It Has Been Reported That It Was Coined In 1972 By Michael F. Jacobson Of The
Center For Science In The Public Interest. The High Protein Food Such As Meat Prepared
With Saturated Fat, Many Hamburger Outlets, Fried Chicken Outlets And The Like Supply
Food Considered As Junk Food. With The Advent Of Hostess Twinkies And Fritos Corn
Chips, Mcdonalds And Kfc, Junk Food Has Become More And More Popular Among The
People. Although, Researchers Reported Health Impacts Caused By Junk Foods, Few Believe
That Such Foods Usually Do Not Cause Any Immediate Health Apprehension, When
Incorporated With A Well Balanced Diet (Magee, Elaine 2007). However, The Utilization Of
A "Junk Food"-Heavy Diet, May Cause Obesity That Has Resulted In Public Health
Consciousness Movements, And Ban On Advertising Of Such Commodities (Who, 2015).
Attempts Have Been Made To Change The Eating Habits Of People From Less Desirable To
More Desirable Types Of Food. Three Community Study Using Mass Media And
Community Education Showed That Diets Could Be Somewhat Modified Through
Community-Wide Health Promotion Efforts (Maccoby, Et Al 1977). Dubbert, Et Al 1984;
Mayer, Et Al, 1986 Indicated That Smaller Scale Interventions Using A Variety Of Labelling
And Prompting Strategies Have Been Successful In Increasing The Sale Of Low Calorie And
Low Fat Items In Cafeterias And Increasing The Sales Of Salads, A Low-Fat, High-Fiber
Menu Selection (Wagner & Winett, 1988) At A Fast-Food Restaurant. Eating A Healthy Diet
Is A Tedious Job For Children And People Who Are Busy. The Only Way To Evade Junk
Food Is To Encourage Eating Healthy Diet And More Of The Foods That Are Low In Fat,
Saturated Fat, And Cholesterol High Fiber Foods, Including Whole-Grain Foods, Vegetables
And Fruits And Foods That Have Only A Moderate Amount Of Sugar And Salt Calcium
Rich Foods, To Meet Daily Calcium Requirements. Iron Rich Foods Must Be Included To
Meet Daily Requirements For Iron. The Excess Fat, Carbohydrates, And Processed Sugar
Present In Junk Food Expose People To An Increased Risk Of Obesity, Cardiovascular
Disease, Weight Gain, Diabetes, And Many Other Chronic Health Conditions. The
Consumption Of Healthy Foods Like Fruit, Vegetables Or Dairy Products Has Been Found
To Be Very Less In People Who Eat Too Much Junk Food In Single Sitting And To Gratify
Their Hunger. Junk Food Consumption Modify Brain Activity In A Manner Comparable To
Addictive Drugs Like Cocaine And Heroin Revealed By Scripps Research Institute Study In
2008. The Pleasure Centers Of Rat Brains Became Desensitized, Requiring More Food For
Pleasure; After The Junk Food Was Taken Away And Replaced With A Healthy Diet
(Johnson, Et Al 2010). ). The Likelihood Of Unhealthy Eating Habits During Pregnancy
Increased In The Offspring’s Of Rats Has Been Also Observed. Modern Diet Relates To
‘Junk Food’ That Simply Means An Empty Calorie Food. An Empty Calorie Food Is A High
Calorie Or Calorie Rich Food Which Lacks In Micronutrients Such As Carbohydrates,
Proteins, Vitamins, Minerals, Or Amino Acids, And Fiber But Has High Energy (Calories).
International Journal Of Theoretical & Applied Sciences, 7(1): 51-55(2015) Issn No. (Print) :
0975-1718 Issn No. (Online) : 2249-3247 Bhoge 52 These Foods Does Not Contain The
Nutrients That Your Body Needs To Stay Healthy. Hence, This Food That Has Poor Dietetic
Values Is Considered Unhealthy And May Be Called As Junk Food [11]. Junk Food Is An
Informal Term Applied To Some Foods Which Are Perceived To Have Little Or No
Nutritional Value, But Which Also Have Ingredients Considered Unhealthy When Eaten
Regularly, Or To Those Considered Unhealthy To Consume At All. Hence, An Attempt Has
Been Made To Review And Understand The Possible Health Impacts Of Junk Food.

Ii. Junk Foods And Possible Health Concerns

Today’s World Has Been Adapted To A System Of Consumption Of Foods Which Has
Several Adverse Effects On Human Health. Lifestyle Changes Has Constrained Us So Much
That One Has So Little Time To Really Think What We Are Eating Is A Healthy Diet.
Globalization Has Seriously Affected One’s Eating Habits And Enforced Many People To
Consume Fancy And High Calorie Fast Foods, Popularly Known As Junk Foods. Research
Into The Possible Health Hazards On Consumption Of Such High Calorie Foods Has Given
An Insight To Avoid Them, But Unfortunately Measures Taken Are Not As Effective As
They Need To Be. Ailments Like Obesity, Food Poisoning, Dehydration, Cardiac Problems
Diabetes Mellitus, And Arthritis Have Seen A Profound Rise In Developing Countries And
Such Unhealthy Junk Food, Processed Food, High Fat Calorie Consumption Are The Notable
Factors To Its Contribution. Fast Food Is Coupled With Low Nutritional Value, The High
Fat, Calorie And Sodium Content Of The Foods Can Lead To A Variety Of Health Problems.
The Over Consumption Of Junk Foods May Cause Weight Gain, Obesity, Diabetes,
Cardiovascular Conditions Among The People.

Table 1: Some Junk Foods And Health Effects.

Sno Food Diseases Website

1 Trans Foods E.G., Doughnuts, And Trans Fats Raise Your Bad (Ldl) 1
Baked Goods Including Cakes, Pie Cholesterol Levels And Lower Your
Crusts, Biscuits, Frozen Pizza, Good (Hdl) Cholesterol Levels.
Cookies, Crackers, And Stick Eating Trans Fats Increases Your Risk
Margarines Of Developing Heart Disease And
Stroke. It’s Also Associated With A
Higher Risk Of Developing Type 2
Diabetes.
2 Fast Foods Risk For Kidney Stones, Kidney 2
Disease, And Stomach Cancer. Risk
Of Asthma And Rhinitis, Depression.
3 Packaged Cookies Change In Weight (Loss And Gain), 3
Loss Of Appetite, Occasional Nausea,
Dizziness, Vomiting And Confusion,
 Acidic Blood Condition
4 Cake Frosting Nausea, Bloating, Blood Sugar Spike
Diabetes, Heart Disease, Obesity, 4
Tooth Decay, Cavities, Liver
Dysfunction, Infertility (In Women),
Cancer, Stroke
5 Colas And Sodas Kidney Failures Metabolism Level 5
Decreases Obesity And Diabetes,
Teeth And Bone Damage,
Reproduction Problems
6 Fried Foods Clog Arteries And Lead To Strokes 6
And Alzeimer's, Clogged Veins And
Arteries Cause Heart Attacks And
Aneurysms. Emphysema And
Respiratory Distress
7 High Fructose Foods Promoting Obesity, Disease, And 7
Death

Iii Drivers Of Fast Food Consumption

Fast Food Consumption Is Variably Affected By A Whole Range Of Factors Including Food
Availability, Food Accessibility And Food Choice, Which In Turn May Be Influenced By
Geography, Demography, Disposable Income, Urbanization, Globalization, Marketing,
Religion, Culture And Consumer Attitudes. Some Of These Drivers That Are Specifically
Related To The Nutrition Transition Are Discussed Below.

(A) Income:- Increased Incomes Or Lower Prices Have Lead To The Increased Consumption
Of Processed Foods. While Those That Are Well Educated Can Choose To Adopt A Healthy
Lifestyle, The Poor Have Fewer Food Choices And More Limited Access To Nutritional
Education.

(B) Urbanization:- Urbanization Has Various Results That It Leads To New And Improved
Marketing, Distribution Infrastructure, Attracts Large Supermarkets Dominated By
Multinational Corporations, And Results In Better Transportation Systems Thereby
Improving Access To Fast Food. This Ultimately Facilitates And Results In The
Globalization Of Food Consumption Patterns. Bhoge 53

(C) Trade Liberalization:- Availability Of Processed Food Has Risen In India After Foreign
Direct Investment By Multinational Food Companies. Thus, Changes In Trade Policies Have
Facilitated The Rising Availability And Consumption Of Fast Food In India. These Policies
Of Trade Liberalization Therefore Have Implications For Health By Virtue Of Being A
Factor Contributing To The ‘Nutrition Transition’ That Is Associated With Rising Rates Of
Obesity And Chronic Diseases Such As Cardiovascular Disease And Cancer (Thow &
Hawkes 2009).

(D) Franchises And Manufacturers:- Kfc, Mcdonalds, Kraft And Nestlé Are All Drivers Of
The Fast-Food Market, Processed Foods And Western Lifestyle That Have Become So
Widespread In Developing Countries (Hawkes 2005). Due To Globalization Of Food
Systems, Traditional Diets In Developing Countries Are Being Transformed As More Meals
Are Now Available In The Fast-Food Calorie-Rich Pattern Of Developed Countries, And
These Are Increasingly Abundant And Cheap Through Advances In Food Processing And
Modern Technology.

(E) Retailing:- Supermarkets Along With Large-Scale Food Manufacturers Have Profoundly
Transformed Fast Food Industry In Our Country. This Rapid Growth Was Only Possible
Because Supermarkets Expanded Beyond Their Original Markets, Moving Into Small And
Poor Countries, From Urban To Rural Areas. The Fast Food Consumption Has A Strong
Impact Due To Retailing.

(G) Consumer Attitudes And Behavior:- Consumer Health Awareness Continues To Grow
With The Increasing Availability Of Health Information Going Hand In Hand With The
Ageing Of Populations And Increased Risk For Lifestyle Diseases. Selection Of Foods That
Are Acceptable To An Individual Increasingly Takes Place In A Context Where Availability
Is Substantially Influenced By The Food Industry And Food Retailers.

Iv. Management Of Junk Food Consumption

A Multiple Baseline Approach Examined The Effects Of Two Procedures On The Snack
Selection Behavior Of 25 Third Grade Children. In Children Who Were Selected Non-
Nutritious Rather Than Nutritious Snacks For More Than 40% Of The Baseline
Observations, Nutrition Education Alone Had Little Or No Impact On Their Selection Of
Snacks. However, With The Implementation Of Correspondence Training, In Which A
Reward Was Made Contingent Upon Carrying Out A Stated Intent To Choose A Nutritious
Snack, The Children Consistently Chose Nutritious Snacks (Friedman Et Al. 1990). In This
Quasi-Experimental Study By Matvienko, 2007 Students At 2 Intervention Schools
Participated In A 4- Week After-School Program, Nutriactive Healthy Experience, That
Included Nutrition Lessons, Healthy Snacks, And Parent Education. The Intervention Group
Showed A 25.7% Improvement In Choosing More Healthful Snacks, And The Comparison
Group Showed An 18.2% Decline. At 4 Months, The Intervention Group's Score Was 33.3%
Higher Than Baseline And The Comparison Group's Score Remained 18.2% Lower Than
Baseline (Time By Treatment Interaction, P= .023). Intervention Students Were Significantly
More Likely Than Comparison Students To Choose More Healthful Snacks When Given The
Opportunity. The Snack Test May Be A Useful Alternative For Assessing Snack Choices Of
Children Ages Six To Seven Years. It Is Further Advocated That Research Should Investigate
The Optimal Duration Of A Nutrition Education Program In A Child Care Setting And Other
External Influences Most Influential On Snack Choice And Eventual Obesity Risk. Braun Et
Al., 2014 Described Children's Healthy Living (Chl) Program Can Be Used The Angelo
(Analysis Grid For Environments/Elements Linked To Obesity) Model To Design A
Regional Intervention To Increase Fruit And Vegetable Intake, Water Consumption, Physical
Activity, And Sleep Duration And Decrease Recreational Screen Time And Sugar-Sweetened
Beverage Consumption In Young Children Ages 2-8 Years. The Stressed That Engaging
Community To Identify Preferred Intervention Strategies By Formulating The Regional
Intervention. Community Results Were Combined With The Effective Obesity-Reducing
Strategies Identified In The Literature, Resulting In A Regional Intervention With Four
Cross- Cutting Functions:

1. Initiate Or Strengthen School Wellness Policies;

2. Partner And Advocate For Environmental Change;
3. Promote Chl Messages; And
4. Train Trainers To Promote Chl Behavioral Objectives For Children Ages 2-8 Years.

These Broad Functions Guided Intervention Activities And Allowed Communities To Tailor
Activities To Maximize Intervention Fit. Habit Of Eating Fast Food Can Damage The Body
Of People In Several Ways. By Making Smarter Choices People Can Restrict The Health
Risks Associated With Eating Fast Foods.

However, Increasing Fruit/Vegetable Consumption, Water Intake, Physical Activity And

Sleep; And Decreasing Screen Time And Intake Of Sugar Sweetened Beverages May Be
Useful In Reducing The Burden Of Children (Fialkowski Et Al., 2014). Community-
Identified Priorities Centered On Policy Development; Role Modeling; Enhancing Access To
Healthy Food, Clean Water, And Physical Activity Venues; And Healthy Living Education
Are The Other Factors That May Be Useful In This Regard. Bhoge 54 It Is Obvious That Fast
Foods Are Always A Temptation Because They Are Widely Available, Easy Available And
Cheap. Parents And Educators Can Be More Involved In Increasing Awareness Regarding
The Negative Effects Of Fast Foods And Discourage Children From Consuming Them. Since
Many Food Patterns Start During Early Childhood, Parents And Teachers Should Avoid
Using Fast Foods As Rewarding Meals And Attempt To Educate Children On Healthy Food
Choices. Encouraging The Consumption Of A Balanced Diet, High In Complex
Carbohydrates Such As Legumes, Fruits, Vegetables, And Whole Grains May Result In
Many Health Benefits. In Addition, Promoting A Diet Rich In Calcium, Which Is Found In
Dairy Sources Such As Low-Fat Milk And Cheese Or In Other Sources Such As Broccoli Or
Kale Promotes Peak Bone Mass And Decreased Risk For Osteoporosis And Bone Fractures
Later In Life. In General, A Diet Low In Fat, Especially Saturated Fat, Low In Salt And High
In Fiber And Calcium Can Prevent Obesity And Disease. Advocating Nutrient Dense Diets,
Rich In Whole Grains, Fresh Fruits, And Vegetables And Increased Physical Activity May
Serve As The Greatest Investment Of Society, The Health Of Our Youth. The Perception
Among People With Regard To Fast Food In India Is Shown In Fig. 1 And Frequency Of
Outlets Of Key Players In Fast Food Is Shown In Fig. 2. Source: Nitin Et Al., 2015 Fig. 1.
Association Between Awareness Of Ill Effects Of Fast Food Consumption. Source:
Opportunities In Indian Food Service Market Fig. 2. Frequencies Of The Outlets Of Key
Players In India. 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 Awareness Of Ill Effects Not Aware Of Ill
Effects Need Tocontrol No Need To Control Bhoge 55
Iv. Conclusion
Different Opinions Among Scientific Community And The General Public Over Recent
Years, Dietary Fats Remain A Potent Regulator Of Physiological Function. Food Sources
Remain The Preferred Method Of Intake In Most Situations. Education And Awareness
Among General Public Will Help In Achieving The Goals. The Ban On Advertisement That
Promote Junk Foods May Also Prove Fruitful In This Direction. Nutrition, Especially
Sensing And Absorption Of Energy Substances, Not Only Plays An Important Role In The
Intensity Of Life Activities And Storage Of Energy Substances But Also Controls Aging And
Lifespan. More Activity And Rapid Growth Result In Shorter Life Expectancy, And Less
Activity And Slower Growth Result In Longer Life Expectancy And The Consumption Of
Junk Foods Will Increase The Burden. Nutrition Science Constantly Evolves, And Future
Research Will Better Elucidate The Independent And Combined Roles Of Modifiable Factors
Such As Physical Activity And Nutrition On Human Health. Health Experts Can Play A Key
Role In Optimizing Modern Diet And Human Health Across The Life Cycle, Particularly
During Growth And Old Age.

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Cb=1461646145

International Journal Of Pure And Applied Mathematics

Volume:120

No.:5

Page Numbers:215-238

Issn:1314-3395

Article Name:A Study Of Fast Food Culture Among Teenagers In Urban India

Article Author:Subhalakshmi.K,Dhanashekar.M

Eat Healthy And Live Healthy' Is One In All The Essential Necessities For Long Life. Sadly,

Today's World Has Been Adapted To A System Of Consumption Of Foods That Has Many
Adverse

Effects On Health. Way Changes Has Compelled Us Most That One Has Thus Very Little
Time To

Actually Suppose What We Tend To Area Unit Consumption Is Right! Economic Process
And

Urbanisation Have Greatly Affected One's Consumption Habits And Compelled Many Folks
To

Consume Fancy And High Calorie Quick Foods, Popularly Called 'Junk Foods'. The Aim Of
The Study

Is Fast Food Consumption Pattern And Health Problems. The Methods And Materials Used
In The

Paper Is Doctrinal Method. The Results Of The Paper Fast Food Culture Among Teenagers
Has Been
Increased. The Conclusion Of The Paper Is Junk Foods Have Actually Sliced Up The Third
World Due

To Economic Process . It‘S An Integral A Part Of Life Within The Developed And Also The
Developing

World,