Instructional Planning

(The process of systematically planning, developing, evaluating and managing the instructional
process by using principles of teaching and learning - D.O. 42, s. 2016)
Detailed Lesson Plan (DLP) Format

Esperanza Senior High School

School Grade Level 11
Teacher Daisy O. Pao Learning Area FABM 1
Time 7:30-8:20(T) 10:39-11:29(Th) Quarter Quarter 3 (Week 5)
9:48-10:38(F) 11:30-1:20(W)
Dates/Days Mar 13-17, 2023 Semester Second Semester

I. OBJECTIVES
A. Content Standards The learners demonstrate an understanding of the two major types of books
of accounts, namely, journal
and ledger
B. Performance Standards The learners are able to define, identify, and classify accounts according to the
five major types
C. Learning Competencies / Objectives The learners will be able to differentiate a journal from a ledger and identify the
types of journals and ledgers

Write the LC code for each ABM_FABM11-IIIf-23

ABM_FABM11-IIIf-24
Books of Accounts
II. CONTENT
III. LEARNING RESOURCES
A. References
1. Teacher’s Guide pages
2. Learner’s Materials Pages FABM 1 Quarter 3-Module 5 pp. 5-16
3. Textbook Pages
4. Additional Materials from Learning Laptop, PowerPoint, DLP/TV, video
Resource (LR) portal
Anastacio, Ma. Flordeliza. 2011. Fundamentals Of Financial Management (With
B. Other Learning Resources Industry Based Perspective)
Teaching Guide For Senior High School, Fundamentals Of Accountancy,
Business And Management 1. 2016. Quezon City: Commission on Higher
Education.
V. PROCEDURES
• Prayer
Introductory Activity • Arranging of chairs
• Checking of attendance
• Review of previous lesson
• Presentation of new topic
Identification:
Activity/Strategy The teacher will test the learner’s knowledge about accounting terms. The
teacher will show a statement on the screen and let the students identify by
choosing an answer in the box.

Chart of Accounts Notes Payable

Liabilities Non-Current Asset
Owner's Equity Notes Receivable
Assets Prepaid Expenses
Capital Cash
__________1. These are the debt of the company payable in money, goods, or
services.
 ___________ 2. It is the list of all the accounts of the company that is being used
By the firm to their financial records.
____________3. These are the resources owned by the owner.
____________4. It is the claim of the owner on the business.
____________5. It is the most liquid asset.
____________6. It is a written note from the customer to pay his account on a
given time and date.
____________ 7. Land and building are examples of these assets.
____________ 8. These are debts that are supported with a written note or
promise.
____________ 9. These are the resources or assets that have been invested in
the business.
____________ 10. These are the bills paid in advance.
Directions: Read each statement below carefully. Write T if you think the
Analysis Statement is true and F if the statement is false. Write your answers
on a sheet of paper.
____________ 1. The general ledger is the most basic journal.
____________ 2. In recording, you are entering data transaction in the journal.
____________ 3. All entries involve only two accounts: one debit and one credit.
____________ 4. Accounting is the process of identifying, recording, and
communicating economic events.
____________ 5. Cash Disbursement Journal is used to record all cash that
have been received.
_____________6. Cash Receipts Journal is used to record all transactions
Involving cash payments.
____________ 7. Sales Journal is used to record all sales on credit.
____________ 8. Purchase Journal is used to record all purchases of inventory
on credit.
____________ 9. A general ledger is a group of accounts containing the
Independent data of a specific general ledger.
____________ 10. General Journals are books of original entry.
Specific Objectives:
a. illustrate the format of general and special journals and
b. illustrate the format of general and subsidiary ledger
Abstraction
General Journal
The general journal is the most basic journal. It is composed of spaces for dates,
account titles and explanations, references, and two columns for the amount.
Here are its significant contributions in the recording process.
• It imparts the complete effects of a transaction in one place.
• It presents a chronological record of transactions.
• It helps to avoid or notice errors in a way that the debit and the credit amounts
for each entry can be easily compared.

The figure below is an example of a general journal of JST Restaurant:

As you can see, it includes columns for the date of the transaction, the title of the
accounts to be debited and credited, the reference, the amount of each debit and
credit, and explanation of the transaction.

Journalizing Process
Entering transaction data in the journal is known as “journalizing”. Businesses
make separate journal entries for each transaction. The Date, Account Title and
Explanation, P.R., Debit and Credit.
• The date of the transaction is entered in the Date column.
• The debit account title or the account to be debited is entered at the extreme
left
margin of the Account Titles and Explanation column, and the amount of debit
to be recorded is written in the Debit column.
• The credit account title or the account to be credited is entered in the next row
in the column of Account Titles and Explanation. The amount of the credit is
recorded in the Credit column.
• A short explanation of the transaction appears on the line below the credit
account title (a space is left between journal entries to separate individual
journal entries and to make the reading of the journal easy).
• The column titled P.R. known as posting reference is left blank when the journal
entry is made. (This column will be used when the journal entries are
transferred
to the ledger accounts.)

Using the following transactions, we are going to illustrate the recording of

transactions of Mr. Ven Dela Rosa in the general journal.

• October 1, 2019 – He invested Php 300,000.00 in a restaurant business by

opening an account in Velez Bank.
• October 3, 2019 – He purchased kitchen appliances for his business amounting
to Php150,000.00 on cash basis.
• October 14, 2019 – He started his operations and made sales for that day
amounting to Php 50,000.00.

Analyze the table

In simple entry, there are only two accounts: one debit and one credit. If the
transactions require more than two accounts in journalizing, it is called the
“compound entry”. All of the transactions in the example above are simple
entries.

Here is an example of a compound entry. Read and analyze.

On October 28, 2019, Mr. Dela Rosa purchased a motorcycle which costs
Php 110,000.00. He paid Php 80,000.00 cash and agreed to pay the remaining
Php 30,000.00 within the month. The compound entry is as follows:

Special Journals
Some businesses encounter voluminous quantities of similar and recurring
transactions which may create congestion if these transactions are recorded
repeatedly in a single day or a month in the general journal.

We use different special journals and these are the following:

• Cash Receipts Journal

This is used to record all the cash that has been received.
• Cash Disbursements Journal
 This is used to record all the transactions involving cash payments.
• Sales Journal or the Sales on Account Journal
This is used to record all sales on credit or on account.
• Purchase Journal or the Purchase on Account Journal
This is used to record all purchases of inventory on credit or on account.

• Cash Receipts Journal

This is used to record transactions involving receipt or collection of cash.
• The date of the transaction is written in the date column.
• A brief explanation of the transaction is entered in the Description column.
• A column entitled P.R. for (Posting Reference) is left blank when the journal
entry is made because it will be used later when the journal entries are
transferred to the ledger accounts.
• The amount of cash received for a particular transaction is placed in the Debit
Cash column, and
• The major categories of receipts ( cash sales and collections of account
receivables ) are put in separated columns because these transactions are
frequent and repetitive items.

The Sundry column is used for various miscellaneous and less regular items
such
as capital investment and receipt loan proceeds.

The Official Receipts or Cash Receipts issued by the business is the source
document for this journal.
Cash Disbursements Journal (CDJ)
The cash disbursements journal is the opposite of the cash receipts journal.
We record all cash payments in the journal.
The table below is a cash disbursement journal of JST Restaurant:

The date of the transaction is written in the Date column.

• A brief explanation of the transaction is written in the Description column.
• The column titled P.R. known as (Posting Reference) is left blank when the
journal entry is made. We will use this column later if the journal entries are
transferred to the ledger accounts.
• When it comes to related cash payment, the check or voucher number
represents the identifying number of the check issued. There were times
that a check or cash voucher accompanies the disbursement. We can also
use the voucher number as an alternative for this column.
• The amount of cash received for a particular transaction is entered in the Debit
Cash column.
• Major categories of receipts (cash sales, and collection of accounts
receivable) are provided with separate columns because these transactions
are frequent and repetitive items.
• For various miscellaneous and less regular items (capital investment, receipt of
loan proceeds), the Sundry column is used.
• In updating the journal, the source documents are the check voucher or cash
voucher, cash receipts or official receipts from suppliers or vendors.

Sales Journal/Sales on Account Journal

The Sales Journal or Sales on Account Journal is used in recording several sales
transactions on account. For credit transactions with various customers or
clients,
the source document for this journal is the charge invoice or sales invoice.

An example of Sales Journal of JST Restaurant is shown below:

• The date of the transaction is entered in the Date column of JST Restaurant
sales journal.
• A brief explanation of the transaction is entered in the description column or the
name of the customer of JST Restaurant sales journal.
• The column titled P.R. or (Posting Reference) is left blank when the journal
entry
of JST Restaurant is made. This column is used later when the journal entries
of JST Restaurant are transferred to the ledger accounts.
• The Charge Invoice Number or Sales Invoice Number of JST Restaurant sales
journal represents the identifying number of the source document issued to the
customer when the sale was made.
• The Debit Accounts Receivable column of JST Restaurant sales journal
represents the amount of the sale transactions indicated in the charge invoice.
• The Credit Sales column of JST Restaurant sales journal represents the
amount
of the sale transactions indicated in the charge invoice.
• The source document for JST Restaurant’s journal is the Charge Invoice issued
by the business.

Purchase Journal/Purchases on Account Journal

We usually record repeating transactions of purchases made on account through
the Purchase Journal or the Purchases on Account Journal. The purchase
journal’s source documents are the invoices from the supplier of the said
company.

An example of a Purchase Journal of JST Restaurant is shown below:

• The date of the transaction of JST Restaurant is entered in the Date column.
• A brief explanation of the transaction of JST Restaurant is entered in the
description column or the name of the supplier.
• The column titled P.R. stands for posting reference which is left blank when the
journal entry of JST Restaurant is made. This column is used later when the
journal entries of JST Restaurant are transferred to the ledger accounts.
• The Charge Invoice Number or Sales Invoice Number of JST Restaurant
represents the identifying number of the source document issued by the
supplier when the items, goods or merchandise were delivered to JST
Restaurant when the purchase was made.
• The Debit Purchases column on the purchase journal of JST Restaurant
represents the amount of the goods purchased as indicated in the charge
invoice from the supplier.
• The Credit Accounts Payable column in the JST Restaurant purchase journal
represents the amount of the goods or items purchased on credit from the
supplier.
• The amount is indicated in the charge invoice issued by the supplier of JST
Restaurant.
• The charge invoice from the supplier or vendor is the source document for this
journal.

An accounting book in which the accounts and their

related amounts as recorded in the journal which are
posted periodically is called the ledger which is also
known as the book of final entry. The reason is that
all
the balances in the ledger are used in the preparation
of financial statements. It is also referred to as the T
Account because the basic form of a ledger is like the
letter “T”.

There are two kinds of ledgers: the general ledger and the subsidiary ledger.
General Ledger
The general ledger is grouping of all accounts used in the preparation of
Financial statements. The GL, as accounting professionals call it, summarizes
all the activities that have taken place as recorded in its subsidiary ledger that
is why it is known as the controlling account.

The format of a general ledger of JST Restaurant is shown below:

• The account portion refers to the account title (cash and accounts receivable).
• The account number is an assigned number for each account title of the JST
Restaurant to facilitate ease in recording and cross-referencing.
• The Date column of JST Restaurant’s general ledger identifies when the
transaction happened.
• The item represents the source journal and the nature of the transactions of
JST Restaurant.
• The Reference of JST Restaurant’s general ledger identifies the page number
of the general or special journal from which the information was taken.
• The Debit and Credit columns are used in recording the number of transactions
from the general journal or special journal.
• The Balance Column of JST Restaurant’s general ledger represents the
running
balance of the Account after considering the debit and credit amounts. If the
running balance amount is positive, the account has a debit balance whereas if
it has a negative running balance, the accounts have a credit balance.

Subsidiary Ledger
A subsidiary ledger is a group of similar accounts that consists of an
independent data of a specific general ledger. It is officially created or maintained
if individualized data is needed for a specific general ledger account. Individual
record of various payables to suppliers is the best example of a subsidiary
ledger. When we total the amount of all subsidiary ledgers it should equal the
balance in the Accounts Payable of the general ledger.
 A format of subsidiary ledgers of JST Restaurant is shown below:

• The upper portion indicates the name and address of the vendor or supplier of
JST Restaurant.
• The vendor number of JST Restaurant’s subsidiary ledger is an assigned
number for each vendor as a reference in keeping the records of a supplier.
• The Date column of JST Restaurant’s subsidiary ledger identifies when the
transaction happened.
• The description column of JST Restaurant’s subsidiary ledger describes the
nature of the transaction.
• The Reference of JST Restaurant’s subsidiary ledger identifies the page
number
of the general or special journal from which the information was taken.
• The Debit and Credit columns of JST Restaurant’s subsidiary ledger reflect the
various effects of every transaction to the record of the supplier or vendor.
• The Balance column of JST Restaurant’s subsidiary ledger provides the
running
balance of every supplier.

Take note that the total running balance for all subsidiary ledgers of JST
Restaurant should be equal to the accounts payable in the general ledger.
A. Directions: Identify the appropriate journal to be used in each item below.
Application Choose from the book of accounts listed in the box. Write your
answers on a sheet of paper.
General Journal Sales Journal Purchase Journal
Cash Receipt Journal Cash Disbursement Journal

1. Mr. Ong invested an equipment on his own business worth of Php 200,000.00.
2. Aling Lita sold merchandise on account worth of Php 3,000.00.
3. Mr. Valdez purchased a vehicle worth of Php 150,000.00 on account.
4. Rhea received Php 20,000.00 for the services that she rendered.
5. Janice paid the salaries of her employees on her accounting firm with the
amount of Php 30,000.00.
6. Khariz bought office supplies on cash basis amounting to Php 2,000.00.
7. Trishi received cash of Php 5,000.00 on the sales she made.
8. Mr. Melbourne purchased supplies amounting to Php 1,500.00 with the terms
of 2/2, n/30.
9. Julie sold merchandise amounting to Php 20,000.00 with the terms of 2/5,
n/30.
10. Mr. Ong withdrew cash worth of Php 3,000.00 for his personal use.

B. Directions: Fill in the blanks with the correct accounting term/s. Choose the
Answers from the box below and write them on a sheet of paper.

1. Entering transaction data in the journal is known as _______________.

2. An entry that requires three or more accounts is called ______________.
3. An entry that only involves one debit and one credit is known as _________.
4. Recording transactions involving receipt or collection of cash is called______.
 5. The journal where all cash payments are recorded is known as ___________.
6. The accounting book in which the accounts and their related amounts are
recorded in the journal is referred to as _______________.
7. The grouping of all accounts used in the preparation of financial statements
is called ______________.
8. The group of accounts containing the independent data of a specific general
ledger is referred to as ______________.
9. Recurring transactions of purchases on account are recorded in___________.
10. Cash Receipts Journal, Cash Disbursement Journal, Sales Journal are
examples of ________________.
11.Accounting is the process of identifying, recording and ______________.
12. Companies initially record transactions and events in _____________ order.
13.There are two types of journals: the general journal and _______________.
14.A brief explanation of the transaction is entered in the ________________.
15.The date of transaction is entered in the _____________ column.
Paper and Pen Test:
Assessment A. Directions: Answer the following questions in 3-5 sentences. Write your
Answers on a sheet of paper.
1. How are you going to differentiate General Ledger from a Subsidiary Ledger?
2. How are you going to differentiate General Journal from a General Ledger?
3. What are the different types of special journals?
4. Why do companies use special journals?
5. What are the advantages of using a special journal?

B. Directions: Identify what is described in each number. Write the letter of your
Answer on a sheet of paper.
1. This is the book of original entry.
A. ledger C. subsidiary ledger
B. special journal D. general journal
2. This is the book of final entry.
A. general journal C. subsidiary ledger
B. general ledger D. special journals
3. This is used to record purchases on account.
A. sales journal C. general journal
B. purchase journal D. cash receipts journal
4. This is used to record sales on credit.
A. cash disbursement journal C. sales journal
B. purchase journal D. ledger
5. This is used to record cash receipts.
A. ledger C. cash disbursement journal
B. cash receipts journal D. journal
6. This is used to record cash payments.
A. cash disbursement journal C. purchase journal
B. cash receipts journal D. sales journal
7. This contains the details supporting the balance in the general ledger account.
A. general ledger C. ledger
B. subsidiary ledger D. none of the above
8. This is also known as the controlling account.
A. cash receipts journal C. accounts receivable
B. notes payable D. general ledger
9. This type of entry involves only two accounts: one debit and one credit.
A. compound entry C. simple entry
B. dual entry D. jumbled entry
10.It is an entry that requires three or more accounts.
A. compound entry C. simple entry
B. dual entry D. jumbled entry
11.This type of special journal makes use of official receipts issued by
companies.
A. cash disbursement C. purchase journal
B. cash receipts D. sales journal
 12.This is the type of special journal makes use of sales invoices issued by
companies.
A. purchase journal C. cash receipt journal
B. sales journal D. cash disbursement journal
13.This is the type of special journal where sales invoice from a supplier may be
found.
A. sales journal C. cash receipt journal
B. purchase journal D. cash disbursement journal
14.This is the type of special journal where official receipts from suppliers as
proof of payment may be found.
A. cash disbursement journal C. purchase journal
B.cash receipt journal D. sales journal
15.A cash disbursement journal or cash payments journal is not used to record
This transaction.
A. purchase of merchandise for cash C. all cash received
B.purchase of merchandise on account D. payment to creditors and
suppliers
Assignment/Agreement Directions: The following are transactions from Marvin Hernandez’s book
of account. Decide which journal to use in each of the given
transactions. Write the letters of your answer on the sheet of
paper.
A. Cash Receipts Journal
B. Cash Disbursement Journal
C. General Journal
D. Sales Journal
E. Purchase Journal
1. Collected Php10,000.00 from a customer in payment of his account
2. Bought 100 pieces of mugs to be sold in the store amounting to
Php1,500.00 on credit
3. Sold five pieces of mugs to Mr. X, Php 320.00 cash
4. Sold two pieces of mugs to Mr. Y, Php 112.00 cash
5. Purchased office supplies for cash, Php 500.00
6. Paid Php 20,000.00 monthly rental
7. Paid salary of staff, Php15,000.00.
8. Sold 100 pieces of mugs to Cuppy, Inc., Php 5,600.00 on account
9. Sold 500 pieces of mugs to Muggy Corp. for Php 15,300.00 payable
one month after delivery
10. Purchased on account 1,000 pieces of mugs for Php12,400.00

V. REMARKS

VI. REFLECTION
A. No. of learners who earned 80% on the
formative assessment.
B. No. of learners who require additional
activities for remediation.
C. Did the remedial lessons work? No. of
learners who have caught up with the lesson.
D. No. of learners who continue to require
remediation.
E. Which of my teaching strategies worked
well? Why did these work?
F. What difficulties did I encounter which my
principal or supervisor can help me solve?
G. What innovation or localized materials did I
use/discover which I wish to share with other
teachers?
Prepared by: Checked by:

DAISY O. PAO RECHIE A. LAZALITA

Teacher II School Principal I