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    CHE 1000 Tutorial Sheet 12 - Organic Chemistry

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    Stanley Sitali
    This document contains a tutorial sheet for an introductory chemistry course. It covers various topics in organic chemistry including: 1. The definition of organic chemistry and definitions for terms like covalent bonds, pi bonds, and hybridization. 2. Questions involving identifying hybridization of carbon atoms in molecular structures, and which hybrid orbitals overlap to form different types of bonds. 3. Questions calculating formal charges and arranging bonds by length. 4. Questions involving identifying types of carbons and bonds in molecular structures, drawing molecular orbital diagrams, and identifying primary, secondary, tertiary and different types of hydrogens in organic molecules.

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    CHE 1000 Tutorial Sheet 12 - Organic Chemistry

    Uploaded by

    Stanley Sitali
    60 views3 pages
    This document contains a tutorial sheet for an introductory chemistry course. It covers various topics in organic chemistry including: 1. The definition of organic chemistry and definitions for terms like covalent bonds, pi bonds, and hybridization. 2. Questions involving identifying hybridization of carbon atoms in molecular structures, and which hybrid orbitals overlap to form different types of bonds. 3. Questions calculating formal charges and arranging bonds by length. 4. Questions involving identifying types of carbons and bonds in molecular structures, drawing molecular orbital diagrams, and identifying primary, secondary, tertiary and different types of hydrogens in organic molecules.

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    This document contains a tutorial sheet for an introductory chemistry course. It covers various topics in organic chemistry including: 1. The definition of organic chemistry and definitions for terms like covalent bonds, pi bonds, and hybridization. 2. Questions involving identifying hybridization of carbon atoms in molecular structures, and which hybrid orbitals overlap to form different types of bonds. 3. Questions calculating formal charges and arranging bonds by length. 4. Questions involving identifying types of carbons and bonds in molecular structures, drawing molecular orbital diagrams, and identifying primary, secondary, tertiary and different types of hydrogens in organic molecules.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    60 views3 pages

    CHE 1000 Tutorial Sheet 12 - Organic Chemistry

    Uploaded by

    Stanley Sitali
    This document contains a tutorial sheet for an introductory chemistry course. It covers various topics in organic chemistry including: 1. The definition of organic chemistry and definitions for terms like covalent bonds, pi bonds, and hybridization. 2. Questions involving identifying hybridization of carbon atoms in molecular structures, and which hybrid orbitals overlap to form different types of bonds. 3. Questions calculating formal charges and arranging bonds by length. 4. Questions involving identifying types of carbons and bonds in molecular structures, drawing molecular orbital diagrams, and identifying primary, secondary, tertiary and different types of hydrogens in organic molecules.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 3

    The University of Zambia

    School of Natural Sciences


    Chemistry Department
    2020/21 ACADEMIC YEAR TERM

    CHE1000 - INTRODUCTORY CHEMISTRY

    TUTORIAL SHEET 12: September 2021


    TOPIC: Organic Chemistry Tutorial sheet 1

    QUESTION ONE

    (a) What is ‘Organic Chemistry’?

    (b) Define or explain the following terms or concepts

    i) Covalent bond iv) Formal charge


    ii) Pi bond v) Hybridization
    iii) Resonance vi) Polar bond
    (c) Indicate the type of hybridization of each carbon atom in the following structures:

    (i) H3C CH3 (ii) H3C C CCH3 (iii) H2C C CH2 (iv) H3C C N
    O
    (v) (vi) H3C O CH3
    H CH3

    (d) What two hybrid orbitals overlap to form the C-C sigma () bond in acetaldehyde, CH3CHO
    (e) What two hybrid orbitals overlap to form the C-C -bond in acetonitrile, shown below:

    H3C C N

    (f) What two hybrid orbitals overlap to form the C-C -bond in allene, H2C=C=CH2
    (g) How many sigma bonds and -bonds are in 1-buten-3-yne?

    H2C C C CH
    H
    (h) How many -bonds and pi-bonds are in propyne?

    H3C C CH

    1
    (i) Calculate the formal charge for the following atoms in the compounds below:

    O Br Br
    (i) (ii) C N (iii) N N N (iv) Al
    N Br Br
    H3C O

    (j) Arrange the following bonds according to the correct bond length, with the longest first

    1. C C 2. C C 3. C C

    (k) Which of the following hydrocarbons has the strongest bond?

    (a) H2C CH2 (b) CH3CH3 (c) HC CH

    QUESTION TWO

    (a) With reference to hybridisation, how many types of carbons are found in millions of its
    compounds? For each type of carbon, state how many other atoms are bonded to it and also
    the types of bonds (i.e. single bond/double bond/triple bond), including number of each type
    of bond.
    (b) Identify the types of bonds present as (spn-s), (spm-spn) , (p-p)- and - bonds, in the
    molecules shown below:

    O O
    O or CH3COCOOH
    (i) H C O same as
    C C H H
    H
    H O O

    O H
    H H O
    C C H or N
    C same as N
    (ii) H C N C H
    O
    H H
    C C H
    H H

    H H
    NH
    C C N same as
    H C C H
    H H
    H

    2
    QUESTION THREE

    (a) Draw the molecular orbital diagram (picture) for the following molecules:

    H H
    H O H (iv)
    (iii) C O H C C C H
    (i) H C H (ii) H C H
    C N H H H H
    H H
    H

    (b) Identify the different types of carbon atoms and also point out which hydrogens are
    tertiary, secondary and primary in the molecule given below:

    CH3 CH3
    H2
    H3C C C C CH3

    CH3 H

    (c) Identify the different types of hydrogens in the following molecules, show how many allylic,
    vinylic, acetylinic hydrogens are in each molecule.

    H H
    H H
    H C H H
    C C
    H H H C C C
    H H H C
    H H C H
    HH H H H
    H B
    A

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