University of Rizal System

Morong Campus
College of Engineering

Corrosion Engineering

1. What is Corrosion? d. Stainless steel

a. Destruction or deterioration of a 12. Corrosion involves _______ reactions.
material a. oxidation
b. Conversion of metal atoms to metallic b. reduction
ions c. displacement
c. Conversion of metal ions to metal d. both oxidation and reduction
atoms 13. Which of the following are necessary in the
d. Destruction of materials involving in process of corrosion?
the conversion of metal atoms into a. Anode
metal ions b. Cathode
2. Corrosion of metals is considered as the c. Electrolyte
reverse of extractive metallurgy. d. Anode, Cathode and Electrolyte
a. True 14. What is the reason for corrosion?
b. False a. Stability of a metal ion
3. The chemical formula of rust is ______ b. Stability of a metal atom
a. Fe1O c. Passivation
b. Fe2O3 d. Use of coatings
c. Fe3O4 15. What are the advantages of corrosion?
d. Fe(OH)2 a. Protection of metals by surficial oxide
4. Which of the following materials will undergo layer
Corrosion? b. Zn-carbon electrochemical reactions in
a. Metals only the battery
b. Metals and Non-metals c. Decrease in the strength of material
c. Metals, Non-metals, Ceramics and d. Protection of metals by the surficial
Plastics oxide layer and Zn-carbon
d. Metals, Non-metals, Ceramics, Plastics electrochemical reactions in the battery
and Rubbers 16. Which of the following factors affect the
5. Corrosion of material by furnace gases is corrosion rate of metal?
classified as ____ a. Relative surface area of an anode and
a. wet corrosion cathode
b. dry corrosion b. Nature of the oxide layer
c. galvanic corrosion c. Purity of metal
d. crevice corrosion d. Relative surface area of an anode and
6. Which of the following is an example of wet cathode, nature of oxide layer and
corrosion? purity of metal
a. Corrosion of metal in the water 17. The cathodic reaction that occurs during
b. Corrosion of iron in the presence of corrosion in oxygenated acidic solution is
anhydrous calcium chloride ______
c. Corrosion of titanium in dry chlorine a. 2H++2e–==>H2
d. Corrosion due to furnace gases b. 4H++O2+4e–==>2H2O
7. Corrosion maintenance is vital in _____ c. 2H2O+2e–==>H2+2OH–
industries. d. 2H2O+O2+4e–==>4OH–
a. Paper 18. If a metal undergoes uniform corrosion it
b. Petroleum becomes _____
c. plastic toy a. thinner
d. both petroleum and paper b. thicker
8. Which of the following subjects are important c. perforated
in understanding and controlling corrosion? d. thicker and perforated
a. Thermodynamics 19. Which theory explains the oxidation of metals?
b. Electrochemistry a. Collison theory
c. Both Thermodynamics and b. Molecular orbital theory
Electrochemistry c. Wagner’s theory
d. Material Characterization d. Mixed potential theory
9. Deterioration of paint and rubber by sunlight or 20. What is the mechanism of dry corrosion?
chemicals is not a corrosion. a. Absorption
a. True b. Electrochemical
b. False c. Differential solubility
10. Which of the following is an incorrect d. Both electrochemical and differential
statement? solubility
a. Corrosion is an irreversible process 21. Which of the following corrosion contaminant
b. Corrosion is a non-spontaneous will act as a protective layer?
process a. AgCl
c. Corrosion is a degradation process b. SnCl2
d. Corrosion is a spontaneous process c. Fe2O3
11. Which of the following is considered as high d. CaO
corrosive resistant material? 22. Corrosion of iron takes place even in the solid
a. Mild steel ice.
b. Cast iron a. True
c. Zinc b. False
23. What are the factors that affect corrosion? 30. Which of the following corrosion damage is
a. Temperature more emphasized in the construction material
b. Humidity of restaurants?
c. Conductance of the corroding medium a. Loss of appearance
d. Temperature, humidity and b. Maintenance and operating cost
conductance of the corroding medium c. Effect of safety
24. _______ is a chemical substance which d. Both loss of appearance and effect of
reduces the corrosion rate. safety
a. Corrosion inhibitor 31. Etchants react with metallic surface and get
b. Corrosion initiator corroded in order to use for the metallurgical
c. Electrolyte investigation.
d. Corrosive medium a. True
25. In the given figure, what does point A denote? b. False
32. Main form of ceramic degradation is
_________
a. dissolution
b. swelling
c. weathering
d. dissolution and swelling
33. Which of the following are included in
maintenance and operating costs?
a. Use of corrosion-resistant material
b. Loss of product
c. Regular inspections
d. Use of corrosion-resistant material and
regular inspection
a. Cathodic spot 34. The effect of acid rains on Taj Mahal is also a
b. Anodic spot corrosion.
c. Electrolyte a. True
d. Oxide layer b. False
26. In the given figure, what does point B denote? 35. Portable water pipelines of lead are replaced by
various types of steels, due to _____
a. cheaper cost
b. more availability
c. contamination caused by lead
d. shiny appearance
36. Which of the following tragedies that occurred
due to corrosion?
a. Bhopal tragedy
b. Crude oil leak in Canada
c. Both Bhopal tragedy and crude oil leak
in Canada
d. Fukushima
37. Thermal gradients across the metal wall causes
a. Cathodic spot Stress cracking corrosion.
b. Anodic spot a. True
c. Electrolyte b. False
d. Oxide layer 38. What is meant by MPY in corrosion?
27. In the given figure, what does point C denote? a. Mils penetration per year
b. Meter penetration per year
c. Milli meter penetration per year
d. Micro meter penetration per year
39. Which of the following expression is used to
calculate MPY?
a. MPY=(543*W)/DAT
b. MPY=(534*W)/DAT
c. MPY=W/DAT
d. MPY=DAT/(534*W)
40. MDD in corrosion is abbreviated as ______
a. milligrams/sq. decimeter/decade
b. millimeters/sq. decimeter/day
c. milligrams/sq. decimeter/day
a. Cathodic spot d. microns/decimeter/decade
b. Anodic spot 41. MPY is used to measure weight loss per unit
c. Electrolyte area.
d. Oxide layer a. True
28. Which of the following are the destructive b. False
effectsof corrosion? 42. _____ is/are used to measure the extent of
a. Contamination of product pitting corrosion.
b. Effect on safety a. MPY
c. Reliability b. MDD
d. Contamination of product, effect on c. Both MPY and MDD
safety and reliability d. MPK
29. Preventive action on corrosion is necessary and 43. Which of the following law is used to derive the
economical. corrosion rate expression?
a. True a. Newton’s law
b. False b. Henry’s law
c. Raoult’s law
 d. Faraday’s law d. Fe3O4
44. Which following expression is used to find the 56. Which of the following are the types of
corrosion rate from current density of a chemical reactions?
corroding specimen? a. Combination and Decomposition
a. W/At = [(I × am) / (n × F)] reactions
b. W/At = [(I × am) / (n × d × F)] b. Combination and Single displacement
c. W/At = [534 × (I × am) / (n × F)] c. Single and Double displacement
d. W/At = [(I × am) / (n × F)] and W/At reaction
= [(I × am) / (d × n × F)] d. Combination, Decomposition, Single
45. Rate of oxidation is equals to the rate of displacement and double displacement
reduction in corrosion. 57. More than one anodic and cathodic reactions
a. True are possible in corrosion.
b. False a. True
46. Iron is corroding at a current density of b. False
1.69*10-4 amp/cm2. What would be the 58. Oxygenated acids are more corrosive than
corrosion rate in MDD? oxygen-free acids.
a. 773 a. True
b. 723 b. False
c. 423 59. Which of the following parameter of electrolyte
d. 473 decreases the corrosion rate?
47. Iron is corroding at a current density of a. Dissolved oxygen
1.69*10-4 amp/cm2. What would be the b. Temperature
corrosion rate in MPY? c. High electrical resistance
a. 423 d. Presence of ferric ions
b. 77 60. Which of the following are the types of
c. 473 polarization?
d. 97 a. Activation polarization
48. _____ is used to measure the extent of b. Activation and Concentration
uniform corrosion. polarization
a. MDD c. Resistance polarization
b. MPY d. Activation, Concentration and
c. Both MPY and MDD Resistance polarization
d. MPE 61. Which of the following is depicted in the given
49. Corrosion rate of aluminum is _________ figure?
when compared with corrosion of mild steel in
open oxygenated atmosphere.
a. small
b. medium
c. large
d. very small
50. ___________ will occur, if current pass from
an electrode to electrolyte.
a. Oxidation
b. Reduction
c. Oxidation and reduction
d. Anion formation
51. Oxidizing impurities in electrolyte increases the
corrosion rate.
a. True
b. False a. Activation polarization
52. What are the uses of corrosion rate estimation b. Concentration polarization
of materials in daily life? c. Resistance polarization
a. To predict the life time of a component d. Concentration and Resistance
b. To compare the corrosive-resistant of polarization
materials 62. Which of the following is depicted in the given
c. To increases the corrosion rate figure?
d. To predict the life time and to compare
the corrosive resistant of materials
53. Which of the following products are obtained
when a zinc metal is dipped in dilute HCl
solution?
a. H2, ZnCl2
b. Cl2, ZnH2
c. H2, Cl2 and ZnH2
d. Zn, H2 and Cl2
54. Which of the following reactions occurs when
iron is immersed in (oxygenated) sea water?
a. Fe==>Fe+2+2e, 2H++2e==>H2
b. Fe==>Fe+2+2e,
O2+2H2O+4e==>4OH– a. Activation polarization
c. Fe+2+2e==>Fe+2, 4H+ b. Concentration polarization
+O2+4e==>2H2O c. Resistance polarization
d. Fe+2+2e==>Fe+2, 2H++2e==>H2 d. Both Activation and Resistance
55. Which of the following is more stable form of polarization
iron in an oxygenated solution? 63. Concentration polarization is considered in both
a. Fe2O3 anodic and cathodic reactions.
b. Fe(OH)2 a. True
c. 2Fe(OH)3 b. False
64. Which of the following polarization will be 72. Zn/Zn+2(0.1M)//Ag+1(1M)/Ag is the cell
influenced by electrolytic agitation? notation of zinc dissolution in silver. Then what
a. Activation polarization is the Electrode potential of the cell formed?
b. Resistance polarization (T=298K, F=96500, R=8.314 J/Kg*K)
c. Concentration polarization a. 1.57
d. Both Activation and Resistance b. 2.57
polarization c. 1.25
65. What is meant by passivation? d. 2.75
a. Loss of reactivity 73. What is the nature of region number 1 in the
b. Increase in reactivity given figure?
c. Increase in corrosion rate
d. Deterioration of metal
66. Which of the following metal is depicted in the
given graph?

a. Active region
b. Passive region
c. Trans passive region
d. Active-Passive transition region
74. What is the nature of region number 2
a. Active metal described in the given figure?
b. Passive metal
c. Active-Passive metal
d. Trans passive state of metal
67. Which of the following metal is depicted is in
the given figure?

a. Active region
b. Passive region
c. Trans passive region
d. Active-Passive transition region
75. What is the nature of region number 3 in the
given figure?
a. Active metal
b. Passive metal
c. Active-Passive transition metal
d. Trans passive state of metal
68. What is the trans passive region?
a. Region after passive state
b. Formed by breakage of the protective
film in the passive region
c. Constant corrosion rate
d. Region formed after passive state by
breakage of the passive oxide layer
69. Which of the following is denoted as // in an
electrochemical cell notation?
a. Anode
b. Cathode a. Active region
c. Electrolyte b. Passive region
d. Salt bridge c. Trans passive region
70. Which of the following gives Standard cell d. Active-Passive transition region
potential of a cell (Eo)? 76. Passivity is achieved only if a sufficient
a. Eocathode-Eoanode quantity of oxidizer is added to the medium.
b. Eoanode-Eocathode a. True
c. Eocathode*Eoanode b. False
d. Eoanode/Eocathode 77. Which of the following metal-acid combination
71. Which of the following is a Nernst equation? will shift metal from active to passive state
a. Ecell=Eocell–RT/nF ln(K) with an increase in oxidizer concentration?
b. Ecell=Eocell–nF/RT ln(K) a. Monel in HCl+O2
c. E0cell=Ecell–RT/nF ln(K) b. 18Cr-8Ni in H2SO4+Fe+3
d. E0cell=Ecell–nF/RT ln(K) c. Fe in H2O+O2
 d. 18Cr-8Ni in HNO3 + Cr2O3
78. What is the nature of copper corrosion in
oxygenated sulfuric acid?
a. Active region
b. Passive region
c. Active-Passive transition region
d. Trans-passive region a. Constant
79. The corrosion rate depends on both the b. Exponential increase
medium and the metal involved. c. Exponential decreases
a. True d. Slightly decreases
b. False 86. What is the corrosion rate behavior of curve B
80. What is the other name of concentration with the increase in temperature, described in
polarization? the given figure?
a. Anodic diffusion control
b. Cathodic diffusion control
c. Erosion corrosion
d. Activation polarization
81. Which of the following metals are more
corrosion resistant in a high-velocity corrosive
solution?
a. Stainless steel
b. Lead
c. Titanium
d. Both stainless steel and titanium
82. Which of the following corrosion is indicated by
the C curve in the given figure?
a. Exponential increase
b. Exponential decrease
c. Constant up to high temperatures
d. Slightly decreases
87. In which of the following reactions, we observe
the exponential increase in corrosion rate with
an increase in temperature?
a. 18Cr-8Ni in H2SO4
b. 18Cr-8Ni in HNO3
c. Ni in NaOH
d. Monel in HF
88. In which of the following reactions, we observe
the unaffected corrosion rate with the increase
in temperature?
a. Uniform corrosion a. 18Cr–8Ni in HNO3
b. Galvanic corrosion b. 18Cr-8Ni in H2SO4
c. Erosion corrosion c. Ni in HCl
d. Stress cracking corrosion d. Fe in HF
83. Which of the following reaction is depicted by 89. What is the corrosion rate behavior of curve B
curve A in the given figure? with the increase in corrosive concentration,
described in the given figure?

a. Exponential increases
a. Fe in dilute HCl b. Exponential decreases
b. Pb in dilute H2SO4 c. Constant
c. 18Cr–8Ni in H2SO4 d. First increases and then decreases
d. 18Cr–8Ni in H2SO4+Fe+3 90. What is the corrosion rate behavior of curve A
84. The rate of chemical reaction increases with an with the increase in corrosive concentration,
increase in temperature. described in the given figure?
a. True
b. False
85. What is the corrosion rate behavior of curve A
with the increase in temperature, described in
the given figure?

a. Almost constant
 b. Exponential increase b. Calomel electrode
c. Exponential decrease c. Silver electrode
d. First increases and then decreases d. Standard hydrogen electrode and a
91. The concentration of the corrosive medium calomel electrode
increases with the increase in impurity ion 101. Which of the following is/are the
concentration. characteristics of a Galvanic series?
a. True a. Used only for pure metals
b. False b. Less accurate prediction than EMF
92. In which of the following reactions, we observe series
an increase in corrosion rate with the increase c. Includes active and passive potentials
in corrosive concentration? of a metal
a. 18Cr–8Ni in HNO3 d. Measured only at room temperature
b. Ni in NaOH 102. Which of the following is/are the
c. Pb in H2SO4 preventions of the galvanic effect?
d. Fe in H2SO4 a. Insulating dissimilar metals
93. In which of the following reactions, we observe b. Selection of close metal combinations
the constant corrosion rate even with the in a galvanic series
increase in the corrosive concentration? c. Neglecting area effect
a. Fe in H2SO4 d. Insulating dissimilar metals and
b. Ni in NaOH selection of close metal combinations
c. Al in acetic acid and HNO3 in a galvanic series
d. 18Cr–8Ni in H2SO4 103. Which of the following effect is described in
94. The effect of Galvanic Coupling is due to the the given figure?
contact of dissimilar metals in a conductive
electrolyte.
a. True
b. False
95. What are the factors that affect Galvanic
coupling?
a. Type of metals
b. Relative size of electrodes
c. Environmental conditions
d. Types of metals, the relative size of
electrodes and environmental
conditions
96. Preferential cathode and anode are formed a. Crevice
based on the potential value of a metal b. Pitting
electrode. c. Beneficial galvanic effect
a. True d. Erosion
b. False 104. Which of the following are the types of
97. Which of the following type of corrosion is materials, that are categorized based on its
depicted in the given figure? atomic arrangement?
a. Crystalline
b. Amorphous
c. Semi-crystalline
d. Crystalline, amorphous and semi-
crystalline
105. What is the crystal structure of Austenitic
stainless steel?
a. Face centered cubic structure
b. Body-centered cubic structure
c. Hexagonal close packed structure
d. Simple cubic structure
106. What is the crystal structure of
Magnesium?
a. Face centered cubic structure
b. Body-centered cubic structure
a. Uniform corrosion c. Hexagonal close packed structure
b. Erosion corrosion d. Simple cubic structure
c. Galvanic corrosion 107. Which of the following crystal structure is
d. Crevice corrosion depicted in the given figure?
98. In which of the following cases, we observe the
galvanic effect?
a. Bolts and Nuts metal joining’s
b. Piping arrangements
c. Machinery of a different metal
combination
d. Bolts and nuts metal joining’s, piping
arrangements and machinery of a
different metal combinations
99. What is the abbreviation of SHE?
a. Substitute hydrogen electrode
b. Standard hydrogen electrode
c. Significant hydrogen electrode
d. Standard hydride electrode a. Face centered cubic structure
100. Which of the following are Reference b. Hexagonal close packed structure
electrodes? c. Body-centered cubic structure
a. Standard hydrogen electrode d. Simple cubic structure
108. Which of the following is/are the properties b. Galvanic corrosion
of metals? c. Pitting corrosion
a. Ductility d. Erosion, galvanic and pitting corrosion
b. Electrical conductivity 121. Which of the following type of corrosion is
c. Thermal conductivity depicted in the given figure?
d. Ductility, electrical and thermal
conductivity
109. Which of the following types of bonds are
non-directional in nature?
a. Covalent bond
b. Ionic bond
c. Metallic bond
d. Covalent and metallic bond
110. Grain boundaries are the mismatch regions
formed between two grains during
solidification.
a. True
b. False
111. Which of the following is an example of a
homogenous alloy?
a. 18-8 stainless steel
b. Low carbon steel
c. High carbon steel a. Pitting corrosion
d. Spheroidal cast iron b. Uniform corrosion
112. Which of the following is an example of c. Erosion corrosion
Heterogenous alloy? d. Selective leaching
a. High carbon steel 122. Which of the following is an example of
b. 18-8 stainless steel uniform corrosion?
c. Ni-Cu alloy a. Zinc dissolution in dilute H2SO4
d. Bronze b. Dezincification of brass in acids
113. Grain boundaries are highly prone to c. Rusting of iron
corrosion than the grain faces. d. Zinc dissolution in dilute H2SO4 and
a. True rusting of iron
b. False 123. Tarnishing of silver is an example of which
114. Which of the following type of alloys are type of corrosion?
highly corrosion resistant in nature? a. Crevice corrosion
a. Homogenous alloys b. Pitting corrosion
b. Heterogenous alloys c. Uniform corrosion
c. Homogenous and heterogeneous alloys d. Erosion corrosion
d. Precipitation strengthened alloys 124. What is/are the preventions of uniform
115. Which of the following conditions are corrosion?
applied to the orthorhombic crystal structure? a. Proper material coatings
a. a1=a2=a3 and α=β=[Math Processing b. Inhibitors
Error]=90 c. Cathodic protection
b. a1=a2≠a3 and α=β=[Math Processing d. Proper material coatings, inhibitors,
Error]=90 and cathodic protection
c. a1≠a2≠a3 and α=β=[Math Processing 125. Which of the following is/are the causes of
Error]=90 catastrophic failures of corrosion?
d. a1≠a2≠a3 and α=β=[Math Processing a. Incomplete weld penetration
Error]≠90 b. Extremely porous casting
116. Which of the following is the correct option c. Improper heat treatment
regarding the packing efficiency of crystal d. Incomplete weld penetration,
structures? extremely porous casting and improper
a. FCC=HCP>BCC heat treatment
b. FCC>HCP=BCC 126. What is the standard electrode potential of
c. FCC<BCC<HCP Fe+2/Fe?
d. HCP>FCC>BCC a. 0.0 V
117. What is the ROI in economic consideration b. +0.36
of corrosion? c. -0.44
a. Refund on investment d. -0.76
b. Return on investment 127. Pure metals are more corrosion resistant
c. Refund on income than commercial materials.
d. Return on income a. True
118. What is NPV in economic consideration of b. False
corrosion? 128. Which of the following are the types of
a. Net profit volume metallic coatings that prevent corrosion?
b. Net present value a. Metal cladding
c. Net profit value b. Electroplating
d. Net precision value c. Metal coat extrusion
119. What is the important basis for the d. Metal cladding, electroplating and
classification of corrosion? metal coat extrusion
a. Appearance of corroded metal 129. What is the other name of galvanic
b. Nature of metal corrosion?
c. Environmental conditions a. Bi-metallic corrosion
d. Corrosion rate b. Mono-metallic corrosion
120. Which of the following is/are types of c. Localized corrosion
corrosion? d. Mono-metallic and localized corrosion
a. Erosion corrosion
130. Corrosion of less corrosion-resistant metal 142. Which of the following is the most
is usually increased and the attack of the more corrosion-resistant metal at room
corrosion-resistant is decreased in galvanic temperature?
corrosion. a. Titanium
a. True b. Platinum
b. False c. Gold
131. Which of the following is the driving force d. Tantalum
in galvanic corrosion? 143. Which of the following corrosion is depicted
a. Conductivity of electrolyte in the given figure?
b. Crystal structure of metals
c. The potential difference between the
two metals
d. Temperature of electrolyte
132. Which of the following will act as cathode
and anode respectively in a dry-cell battery?
a. Zinc and carbon
b. Carbon and zinc
c. Magnesium and zinc
d. Zinc and ammonium chloride
133. Which of the following is the primary
characteristic of an electrolyte to form
corrosion?
a. Electrical resistivity
b. Thermal resistivity a. Crevice corrosion
c. Thermal conductivity b. Pitting corrosion
d. Electrical conductivity c. Galvanic corrosion
134. What are the conditions to measure the d. Uniform corrosion
standard reduction potential of metals against 144. The reason for the noble nature of titanium
SHE? is that it cathodically polarizes readily in
a. 2 atm pressure, 25°C temperature, 2M seawater.
concentration of H+ a. True
b. 2 atm pressure, 25°C temperature, 1M b. False
concentration of H+ 145. Corrosion is greater near the seashore than
c. 1 atm pressure, 25°C temperature, 1M in a dry rural atmosphere.
concentration of H+ a. True
d. 1 atm pressure, 25°C temperature, 2M b. False
concentration of H+ 146. Define the distance effect regarding
135. What is the standard reduction potential galvanic corrosion?
value of gold in the EMF series? a. Corrosion occurs only at the junction of
a. +1.498 V two metals
b. +1.2 V b. Corrosion occurs only at the edges of
c. +0.987 V two metals
d. +0.799 V c. Corrosion decreases with increase in
136. What is the standard reduction potential distance from the junction
value of potassium in the EMF series? d. Corrosion increases with increase in
a. +0.337 V distance from the junction
b. -2.925 V 147. Define area effect regarding galvanic
c. -0.763 V corrosion?
d. -1.662 V a. cathodic area * anodic area
137. What is the abbreviation of EMF? b. anodic area/cathodic area
a. Electromagnetic force c. cathodic area/anodic area
b. Electromotive frequency d. cathodic area + anodic area
c. Electromotive force 148. Which of the following is/are the
d. Electrode motive force preventions of galvanic corrosion?
138. Which of the following electrolyte is used a. Avoid the unfavorable area effect of a
for the preparation of a general galvanic small anode and large cathode
series? b. Select the close combination of metals
a. Polluted seawater in galvanic series
b. Unpolluted river water c. Select the far combination of metals in
c. Polluted river water galvanic series
d. Unpolluted seawater d. Avoid the unfavorable area effect of a
139. Which of the following metal combination small anode and large cathode and
has a minimum galvanic effect? select the close combination of metals
a. Monel and copper in galvanic series
b. Inconel (passive) and Inconel (active) 149. Which of the following principle is utilized
c. 18-8 stainless steel (active) and 18-8 in the concept of cathodic protection?
stainless steel (passive) a. Principle of galvanic corrosion
d. Titanium and lead b. Principle of crevice corrosion
140. What does the square bracket [] in the c. Principle of pitting corrosion
galvanic series indicates? d. Principle of selective leaching
a. Most practical metal combinations 150. Which of the following is an example of
b. High corrosion-resistant metals cathodic protection?
c. Low corrosion-resistant metals a. Electroplating of steel
d. Avoidable metal combinations b. Galvanization of steel
141. The potential generated by two dissimilar c. Magnesium connected to steel pipes
metal combinations can change with time. d. Electroplating of steel, galvanization of
a. True steel and magnesium connected to
b. False steel
151. Which of the following are the limitations of 160. What is the primary condition regarding
the EMF series? the velocity of an electrolyte to form crevice
a. Available for metals and alloys corrosion?
b. Limited to pure metals only a. The velocity of the electrolyte should
c. Measured only at standard conditions be greater than 10cm/s
d. Limited to pure metals and measured b. The velocity of the electrolyte should
only at standard conditions be less than 10cm/s
152. Which of the following chemical is c. The velocity of the electrolyte should
responsible for the stains on silver? be equal to 10cm/s
a. Hydrogen peroxide d. The stagnant electrolytic solution
b. Hydrogen sulfide should be present
c. Sulfur dioxide 161. The difference in metal ion or oxygen
d. Sulfur trioxide concentration between the crevice and its
153. Which of the following type of corrosion is surroundings is the main reason for crevice
depicted in the given figure? corrosion.
a. True
b. False
162. Which of the following chemical reaction
that usually occurs in the crevice?
a. M++H2O=MOH
b. M++Cl–=MCl(s)
c. M+Cl–+H2O=MOH(aq)+H+Cl–
d. 4OH–=O2+2H2O+4e–
163. Which of the following ions that accelerate
the dissolution rate of metals or alloys in a
crevice?
a. H+, OH–
a. Crevice corrosion b. H+, Cl–
b. Pitting corrosion c. OH–, Cl–
c. Galvanic corrosion d. OH–, Cl– and H–
d. Erosion corrosion 164. Which of the following metal is highly
154. Which of the following is/are the reasons resistant to crevice corrosion?
for the cause of crevice corrosion? a. Stainless steel
a. The stagnant solution in the holes and b. Copper
gasket surfaces c. Aluminum
b. The stagnant solution in the lap joints d. Hastelloy C-276
and surface deposits 165. As the metal dissolution within the crevice
c. Dissimilar metal contact increases, the rate of oxygen reduction on
d. The stagnant solution in the holes, adjacent surfaces increases.
gasket surfaces, lap joints, and surface a. True
deposits b. False
155. Which of the following type of corrosion is 166. What is the incubation period associated
localized in nature? with a crevice attack?
a. Crevice corrosion a. 1 month – 10 months
b. Galvanic corrosion b. 1 hour – 10 hours
c. Uniform corrosion c. 1 day – 10 days
d. Inter-granular corrosion d. 6 months – 1 year
156. Which of the following is the other name of 167. Metals or alloys that depend on oxide films
crevice corrosion? for corrosive resistance are highly susceptible
a. Filiform corrosion to crevice corrosion.
b. Deposit or gasket corrosion a. True
c. Two-metal corrosion b. False
d. Surface corrosion 168. Which of the following type of corrosion is
157. Which of the following metal is more depicted in the given figure?
susceptible to crevice corrosion?
a. Titanium
b. Hastelloy C
c. Stainless steel-430
d. Titanium and stainless steel
158. Which of the following combination results
in crevice corrosion?
a. Metal and absorbent gaskets
b. Continuous weld metals
c. Metal and non-absorbent gaskets
d. Single metal piece
159. Which of the following characteristics of the
crevice is a must to act as a corrosion site?
a. It should be wide enough to permit
liquid entry a. Galvanic corrosion
b. It should be narrow enough to b. Uniform corrosion
maintain a stagnant zone c. Crevice corrosion
c. It should be wide enough to avoid a d. Pitting corrosion
stagnant zone 169. Which of the following characteristics of
d. It should be wide enough to permit active-passive metal will acquire optimize
liquid entry and narrow enough to crevice corrosion resistance?
maintain a stagnant zone a. A narrow active-passive transition
b. A small critical current density
c. An extended passive region
 d. A narrow active-passive transition, a a. Reflection of corrosion filament
small critical current density, and an b. Splitting of corrosion filament
extended passive region c. Joining of corrosion filament
170. Which of the following corrosion testing d. Death trap of corrosion filament
describe the test for crevice corrosion? 180. Which of the following is the most
a. Occluded cell corrosion environmental factor of filiform corrosion?
b. Galvanic effect a. Relative humidity of the atmosphere
c. Atmospheric exposure testing b. Temperature
d. Kesternich chamber testing c. pH of the environment
171. The incubation period is the amount of d. Temperature and pH of the
time required to initiate crevice corrosion on a environment
corrosive site. 181. What are the preventions of filiform
a. True corrosion?
b. False a. Use of coatings with low water
172. The crevice corrosion index is an index is permeability
to assist the selection of materials for b. To store in low-humidity environment
construction. c. To store in high-humidity environment
a. True d. Use of coatings with low water
b. False permeability and to store in a low-
173. Which of the following are the methods and humidity environment
procedures to minimize crevice corrosion? 182. Which of the following type of corrosion is
a. Use of welded joints instead of riveted depicted in the given figure?
joints
b. Avoid sharp edges and stagnant areas
c. Removal of deposits frequently
d. Use of welded joints instead of riveted
joints, avoid sharp edges and stagnant
areas and removal of deposits
frequently
174. Which of the following is a non-absorbent
gasket?
a. Polyethylene
b. Isoprene
c. Teflon a. Crevice corrosion
d. Polyethylene and isoprene b. Galvanic corrosion
175. Which of the following is also known as c. Filiform corrosion
under film corrosion? d. Uniform corrosion
a. Crevice corrosion 183. Pitting is a form of extremely localized
b. Filiform corrosion attack that results in holes in the metal.
c. Galvanic corrosion a. True
d. Pitting corrosion b. False
176. Which of the following is/are the effects of 184. Which of the following is the characteristic
filiform corrosion? of a pit?
a. Weakens the metal a. Cavity with the surface diameter about
b. Decreases tensile strength the less than the depth
c. Affects surface appearance b. Cavity with the surface diameter about
d. Weakens the metal, decreases tensile the same as or less than the depth
strength and affects the surface c. Cavity with the surface diameter about
appearance the same as or high than the depth
177. Which of the following industry has major d. Cavity with the surface diameter about
concern on filiform corrosion? the high than the depth
a. Petroleum industry 185. Which of the following form of corrosion is
b. Canning industry more destructive and insidious in nature?
c. Automobile industry a. Uniform corrosion
d. Petroleum and automobile industry b. Intergranular corrosion
178. Which of the following ion/ions that result c. Pitting corrosion
in the blue-green color of the active head in a d. Galvanic corrosion
corrosion filament? 186. Which of the following are the reasons that
a. Ferrous ions make it difficult to detect pits?
b. Ferric oxide ions a. Small size
c. Hydrated ferric oxide ions b. Varying depths
d. Ferric oxide and hydrated ferric oxide c. Pits covered with corrosion products
ions d. Small size, varying depths and covered
179. Which of the following type of corrosion with corrosion products
filament interaction is depicted in the given 187. Which of the following metal is highly
figure? prone to pitting corrosion?
a. 18-8 stainless steel by sulfuric acid
with FeCl3
b. Titanium by sulfuric acid with FeCl3
c. Nickel by sulfuric acid with FeCl3
d. Copper by sulfuric acid with FeCl3
188. What is the usual direction for the growth
of pits?
a. Vertically downwards
b. Vertically upwards
c. Horizontally sideward
d. Any primary direction
189. Pitting usually requires an incubation 199. What is Intergranular corrosion?
period ranges from months to years. a. Localized attack at the grain
a. True boundaries
b. False b. Localized attack at the grain faces
190. Which of the following corrosion form is c. Uniform attack on grains
depicted in the given figure? d. Localized attack at and adjacent to the
grain boundaries
200. Which of the following is/are the causes of
intergranular corrosion?
a. Impurities at the grain boundaries
b. Enrichment of one of the alloying
elements at the grain boundary
c. Depletion of one of the alloying
elements at the grain boundary
d. Impurities at the grain boundaries,
enrichment, and depletion of one of the
alloying elements at the grain
a. Crevice corrosion boundary
b. Uniform corrosion 201. Which of the following alloys is/are prone
c. Intergranular corrosion to intergranular corrosion?
d. Pitting corrosion a. Iron in aluminum
191. Which of the following corrosion form is b. Zinc in brass
considered as the intermediate stage between c. 18-8 Stainless steel
uniform corrosion and complete corrosion d. Iron in aluminum, zinc in brass and 18-
resistance? 8 stainless steel
a. Galvanic corrosion 202. Numerous failures of 18-8 Stainless steel
b. Pitting corrosion have occurred in the temperature range of 950
c. Intergranular corrosion to 1450°F
d. Erosion corrosion a. True
192. Which of the following corrosion form b. False
is/are autocatalytic in nature? 203. What is the molecular formula of chromium
a. Pitting and crevice corrosion carbide formed due to the depletion of
b. Crevice corrosion only chromium in 18-8 stainless steel?
c. Pitting corrosion only a. Cr3C
d. Pitting and intergranular corrosion b. Cr5C3
193. Which of the following statement is correct c. CrC
regarding pitting corrosion? d. Cr23C6
a. Adjacent surfaces cathodically protect 204. Which of the following areas is/are
pits corroded in the intergranular corrosion of
b. Pits cathodically protect adjacent stainless steel?
surfaces a. Grain only
c. Neither pits nor adjacent surfaces b. Grain boundary only
protect each other c. Chromium depleted zone near the
d. Both pits and adjacent surfaces protect grain boundary
each other d. Both grain and grain boundary
194. Which of the following is/are the difference 205. What is the minimum percent of chromium
between the crevice and pitting corrosion? is needed to make stainless steel?
a. Autocatalytic nature a. 2%
b. Corrosion mechanism b. 20%
c. Initiation method c. 1%
d. Both the corrosion mechanism and d. 11%
initiation method 206. Which of the following characteristics of the
195. Which of the following ions have a high impoverished area, results in a rapid corrosion
tendency to pitting corrosion? attack?
a. Chlorides a. Less corrosion resistance
b. Bromides b. The high content of chromium
c. Hypo chlorites c. The large unfavorable area ratio
d. Chlorides, bromides, and hypochlorites d. Less corrosion resistance and large
196. Which of the following ions, that can unfavorable area ratio
reduce pitting corrosion? 207. Which of the following corrosion type is
a. Hydroxide salts depicted in the given figure?
b. Chromate salts
c. Silicate salts
d. Hydroxide, chromate and silicate salts
197. Which of the following corrosion test is
most reliable to know the extent of pitting
corrosion?
a. To measure the average depth of pits
b. To measure the maximum depth of a
pit
c. Weight loss method
d. Weight gain method
198. Which of the following is/are more reactive
in intergranular corrosion? a. Intergranular corrosion
a. Grain b. Galvanic corrosion
b. Grain boundary c. Crevice corrosion
c. Both grain and grain boundary d. Pitting corrosion
d. Neither grain nor grain boundary
208. What is the structure of chromium carbide 217. Carbon pickup during the production of
that precipitates at the grain boundaries? austenitic stainless steels has caused
a. Acicular structure premature failures of intergranular corrosion.
b. Leaflike structure a. True
c. Lamellar structure b. False
d. No specific structure 218. The intergranular attack is evident in the
209. Which of the following term is associated resin shell casting but not on the ceramic mold
with intergranular corrosion in welded casting.
structures? a. True
a. Intergranular weld b. False
b. Weld failure 219. What is the abbreviation of KLA regarding
c. Weld decay intergranular corrosion?
d. Weld corrosion a. Knife-Line Attack
210. Which of the following is used to visualize b. Knight-Line Attack
the heat flow and temperatures during c. Knife-Life Action
welding? d. Knight-Life Action
a. Weld decay 220. Which of the following is/are the
b. Intergranular corrosion characteristics of the Knife-line attack?
c. Tablecloth analogy a. KLA occurs immediately adjacent to the
d. Weld decay and intergranular corrosion weld
211. Electric arc welding is used more than the b. KLA occurs in the stabilized steels only
gas welding for stainless steel to reduces the c. KLA occurs in the non-stabilized steels
chances of weld decay. only
a. True d. KLA occurs in the stabilized steels and
b. False it occurs immediately adjacent to the
212. Which of the following corrosives that weld
induce intergranular corrosion in austenitic 221. Which of the following is the best remedy
stainless steel? for the Knife-Line attack?
a. Acetic acid a. Heating the welded stabilized steel in
b. Acetic acid+salicylic acid the range of 950°F to 1400°F
c. Ammonium nitrate b. Heating the welded stabilized steel in
d. Acetic acid, acetic acid+salicylic acid, the range of 1400°F to 1900°F
ammonium nitrate c. Heating the welded stabilized steel to
213. Which of the following is/are the methods 1950°F
to control intergranular corrosion of austenitic d. Heating the welded stabilized steel in
stainless steel? the range of 1950°F to 2500°F
a. Employing solution-quenching 222. Which of the following alloys exhibits
b. Adding stabilizers intergranular corrosion by steam and marine
c. Lowering the carbon content to below atmospheres?
0.03% a. Die-cast zinc alloy
d. Employing solution-quenching, adding b. Duralumin alloy (Al-Cu)
stabilizers and lowering the carbon c. Both die-cast zinc alloy and duralumin
content to below 0.03% alloy
214. Which of the following temperature range d. Neither die-cast zinc alloy nor
is required for commercial solution-quenching duralumin alloy
treatment? 223. Selective Leaching is the removal of one
a. 200°F-500°F element from a solid alloy by the corrosion
b. 800°F-1200°F process.
c. 1300°F-1700°F a. True
d. 1950°F-2050°F b. False
215. Which of the following is/are the stabilizing 224. What is the percent of zinc that consists of
elements to minimize intergranular corrosion of common yellow brass?
stainless steel? a. 70%
a. Niobium b. 30%
b. Columbium c. 40%
c. Titanium d. 60%
d. Niobium, columbium, and titanium 225. Which of the following is/are the types of
216. Which of the following region is indicated dezincification?
as BC in the given figure? a. Layer-type
b. Plug-type
c. Layer-type and Plug-type
d. Neither Layer-type nor Plug-type
226. The Alloying of zinc to copper lowers the
corrosion resistance of the copper.
a. True
b. False
227. Which of the following is/are the
characteristics of dezincified brass alloy?
a. Weak
b. Permeable
c. Porous
d. Weak, permeable and porous
228. Which of the following type of brasses
is/are highly prone to the uniform or layer-type
a. Weld bead dezincification?
b. Heat affected zone a. Low brasses
c. Weld decay b. High brasses
d. Neither weld decay nor bead c. Low and high brasses
 d. Neither high nor low brasses a. True
229. Which of the following type of brasses b. False
is/are highly prone to localize or plug-type 238. Which of the following type of directional
dezincification? patterns usually exhibit by erosion-corrosion?
a. Low brasses a. Grooves
b. High brasses b. Waves
c. Low and high brasses c. Rounded holes
d. Neither low nor high brasses d. Grooves, waves and rounded holes
230. Which of the following is/are the 239. Which of the following type of corrosion is
preventions of dezincification? depicted in the given figure?
a. Minimizing oxygen concentration
b. Use of less susceptible alloy
c. Adding a small amount of arsenic,
antimony
d. Removal of oxygen concentration, use
of less susceptible alloy and adding a
small amount of arsenic, antimony
231. Which of the following phenomenon that
results in the dissolution of iron by leaving
porous graphite on the surface of grey cast
iron?
a. Dezincification a. Uniform corrosion
b. Decalcification b. Erosion corrosion
c. Graphitization c. Galvanic corrosion
d. Dezincification and graphitization d. Selective leaching
232. Which of the following type of cast irons 240. Erosion corrosion results when the
that exhibits graphitization? protective oxide films are damaged and the
a. Grey cast iron metal or alloy are attacked at a rapid rate.
b. Nodular cast iron a. True
c. Malleable cast iron b. False
d. Grey cast iron, nodular cast iron, and 241. Which of the following metals is/are
malleable cast iron susceptible to erosion-corrosion?
233. Which of the following acid that results in a. Aluminum
selective removal of aluminum in aluminum b. Lead
bronzes? c. Stainless steel
a. Hydrochloric acid (HCl) d. Aluminum, lead and stainless steel
b. Hydrofluoric acid (HF) 242. Which of the following type of equipment
c. Nitric acid (HNO3) is/are highly prone to erosion-corrosion?
d. Hydrochloric, hydrofluoric and nitric a. In piping arrangements at elbows and
acid bends
234. Which of the following is/are the other b. Measuring devices such as orifice and
names of selective leaching? turbine blades
a. Dealloying c. In piping arrangements at straight
b. Parting lines
c. Dealloying and parting d. In piping arrangements at elbows and
d. Neither dealloying nor parting bends and measuring devices such as
235. Which of the following is/are the benefits of orifice and turbine blades
selective leaching? 243. Which of the following is/are the
a. Enrichment of silicon on stainless steel characteristics of oxide film that exhibits better
for better passivity resistance to erosion-corrosion?
b. Preparation of Raney nickel catalyst a. Hard
c. Extraction of metals using b. Dense
hydrometallurgy c. Adherent
d. Enrichment of silicon on stainless steel d. Hard, dense and adherent
for better passivity, preparation of 244. Which of the following characteristics of
Raney nickel catalyst and extraction of titanium, makes it resistant to erosion-
metals using hydrometallurgy corrosion?
236. Which of the following type of corrosion is a. Stability of titanium oxide
depicted in the given figure? b. Instability of titanium oxide
c. The low reactivity of titanium
d. The low reactivity of titanium and
instability of titanium oxide
245. Which of the following metal is resistant to
seawater, chlorides, and fuming nitric acid?
a. Aluminum
b. Lead
c. Titanium
d. Stainless steel
246. Which of the following environmental factor
plays an important role in erosion-corrosion?
a. Galvanic corrosion a. Velocity
b. Uniform corrosion b. Corrosive concentration
c. Selective leaching c. pH of the environment
d. Erosion corrosion d. Relative humidity of the atmosphere
237. Erosion corrosion accelerates the rate of 247. Define critical velocity regarding erosion-
attack on a metal because of relative corrosion.
movement between corrosive fluid and the a. Velocity at which erosion-corrosion
metal surface. starts
 b. Velocity at which erosion-corrosion
stops
c. Velocity after which erosion-corrosion
increases exponentially
d. Velocity after which erosion-corrosion
decreases exponentially
248. Which of the following metal shows a
decrease in corrosion attack with an increase in
velocity in fuming nitric acid?
a. Aluminum
b. Carbon steel
c. Stainless steel 347 a. Fretting corrosion
d. Copper b. Crevice corrosion
249. Which of the following is/are the c. Cavitation damage
preventions of erosion-corrosion? d. Pitting corrosion
a. Selection of better resistant materials 258. Which of the following type of corrosion
b. Alteration of the environment that occurs at contact areas between materials
c. Applying protective coatings under load subjected to vibration or relative
d. Selection of better resistant materials, motion?
alteration of the environment and a. Fretting corrosion
applying protective coatings b. Crevice corrosion
250. Which of the following is/are the aspects of c. Cavitation damage
design to minimize erosion-corrosion? d. Pitting corrosion
a. Increasing pipe diameter 259. Which of the following is/are the other
b. Avoiding sharp edges and turnings names of fretting corrosion?
c. Readily replaceable impingement a. Friction oxidation
plates should be inserted b. Wear oxidation
d. Increasing pipe diameter, avoiding c. False brinelling
sharp edges and turnings and readily d. Friction oxidation, wear oxidation and
replaceable impingement plates should false brinelling
be inserted 260. Which of the following is/are the classic
251. Which of the following is/are the aspects of cases of fretting corrosion?
alteration of the environment to minimize a. Bolted tie plates on railroad rails
erosion-corrosion? b. Press-fitted ball bearing race on a shaft
a. Deaeration of corrosive solution c. On ball bearings
b. Decrease the temperature d. Bolted tie plates on railroad rails and
c. Use of Settling and filtration to remove press-fitted ball bearing race on a shaft
suspended solids 261. Which of the following is/are the basic
d. Deaeration of the corrosive solution, requirements for the occurrence of fretting
decrease the temperature and use of corrosion?
settling and filtration to remove a. The interface must be under load
suspended solids b. Vibration or repeated relative motion
252. Which of the following type of corrosion is between the two surfaces
caused by the formation and collapse of vapor c. The interface must be under load and
bubbles in a liquid near the metal surface? vibration or repeated relative motion
a. Filiform corrosion between the two surfaces
b. Fretting corrosion d. The relative motion should be high
c. Cavitation damage 262. Which of the following is/are the preventive
d. Crevice corrosion measures of fretting corrosion?
253. Which of the following equipment a. Lubricate with low-viscosity, high-
encounters cavitation damage in the service? tenacity oil
a. Hydraulic turbines b. Increasing surface hardness by shot-
b. Ship propellers peening or cold working
c. Pump impellers c. Use gaskets to absorb vibrations
d. Hydraulic turbines, ship propellers, and d. Lubricate with low-viscosity, high-
pump impellers tenacity oil, increasing surface
254. Which of the following condition is/are hardness by shot-peening and use
correct regarding the boiling point of a liquid gaskets to absorb vibrations
with an increase in pressure? 263. What is the abbreviation of SCC regarding
a. Decreases up to triple point corrosion?
b. Increases up to triple point a. Stress-corrosion cracking
c. Increases up to the critical point b. Stress-cracking corrosion
d. Decreases up to the critical point c. Stress-corrosion contact
255. Which of the following will result due to d. Stress-contact corrosion
cavitation damage of a metal? 264. Stress-corrosion cracking occurs due to the
a. Mechanical action simultaneous presence of tensile stress and a
b. Chemical dissolution specific corrosive medium.
c. Both mechanical action and chemical a. True
dissolution b. False
d. Neither mechanical action nor chemical 265. Which of the following is/are the classic
dissolution examples of stress-corrosion cracking?
256. Cavitation damaged can be reduced by a. Season cracking of brass
changing the design to minimize hydrodynamic b. Caustic embrittlement of steel
pressure differences in process streamflow. c. Season cracking of brass and caustic
a. True embrittlement of steel
b. False d. Neither season cracking of brass nor
257. Which of the following type of corrosion is caustic embrittlement of steel
depicted in the given figure?
266. What is meant by season cracking of d. Chemical composition, distribution of
brass? precipitates and dislocation interactions
a. Stress-corrosion cracking failure of 275. Which of the following type of stress has
brass cat ridge cases due to ammonia an important role in rupturing protective films
b. Stress-corrosion cracking failure of during both the initiation and propagation of
brass cat ridge cases due to caustic cracks?
soda a. Tensile stress
c. Stress-corrosion cracking failure of b. Compressive stress
brass cat ridge cases due to caustic c. Shear stress
soda and ammonia d. Compressive and shear stress
d. Stress-corrosion cracking failure with 276. Which of the following stress-corrosion
brittle fracture cracking mechanism is highly acceptable?
267. What is meant by caustic embrittlement of a. Dissolution mechanics
steel? b. Mechanical mechanics
a. Failure of cold-worked rivets by a c. Both dissolution and mechanical
brittle fracture in the presence of mechanics
ammonia d. Hydrogen mechanics
b. Failure of cold-worked rivets by a 277. Which of the following is/are the
brittle fracture in the presence of preventions of stress-corrosion cracking?
caustic soda a. Lowering working stress below the
c. Failure of cold-worked rivets by a threshold value
brittle fracture in the presence of b. Shot peening to produce residual
caustic soda and ammonia compressive stresses
d. Failure of cold-worked rivets by the cup c. Applying for cathodic protection
and cone fracture in the presence of d. Lowering working stress below the
caustic soda threshold value, shot peening to
268. In which of the following environments that produce residual compressive stresses
stainless steel will undergo stress-corrosion and applying for cathodic protection
cracking? 278. Corrosion fatigue is defined as the
a. Chlorides reduction of fatigue resistance due to the
b. Caustics presence of a corrosive medium.
c. Ammonia a. True
d. Chlorides and caustics b. False
269. Which of the following is/are the most 279. What is meant by fatigue?
important variables that affect stress-corrosion a. The tendency of a metal to fracture
cracking? under static loading
a. Temperature b. The tendency of a metal to fracture
b. Metal composition under repeated cyclic loading
c. Type and amount of stress applied c. The tendency of a metal to fracture
d. Temperature, metal composition, and under non-repeating cyclic loading
type and amount of stress applied d. The tendency of a metal to fracture
270. Which of the following alloy in which both after heavy deformation
intergranular and trans-granular cracking 280. What is the nature of fatigue fracture?
occurs? a. Brittle fracture
a. High-nickel alloys b. Cup and cone fracture
b. iron-chromium alloys c. Tensile fracture
c. Brasses d. Brittle and tensile fracture
d. High-nickel alloys, iron-chromium 281. Which of the following type of corrosion is
alloys, and brasses depicted in the given figure?
271. Define Threshold stress regarding stress-
corrosion cracking.
a. The maximum stress at which the
specimen ruptures
b. The maximum stress required to
prevent cracking
c. The minimum stress required to
prevent cracking
d. The minimum stress at which cracking
starts
272. As stress-corrosion cracks penetrate the
material, the cross-sectional area gets reduced a. Cavitation damage
under constant tensile load. b. Fretting corrosion
a. True c. Corrosion fatigue
b. False d. Uniform corrosion
273. Which of the following is/are the 282. Define the fatigue limit of a metal.
environments that cause stress-corrosion a. Stress below which metal will endure
cracking to titanium? an infinite number of cycles without
a. Red fuming nitric acid fracture
b. Methanol-HCl b. Stress above which metal will endure
c. Nitrogen tetroxide (N2O4) an infinite number of cycles without
d. Red fuming nitric acid, methanol-HCl, fracture
and nitrogen tetroxide c. Stress at which metal will endure a less
274. Which of the following is/are the finite number of cycles
metallurgical factors that affect stress- d. Stress at which metal will endure a
corrosion cracking? more finite number of cycles
a. Chemical composition 283. Which of the following metal is depicted by
b. Distribution of precipitates curve A of given SN graph?
c. Dislocation interactions
 d. Entrapment of hydrogen molecules and
metal hydrides in the metal voids
291. What is meant by hydrogen embrittlement?
a. Entrapment of hydrogen molecules in
the metal voids
b. Formation of brittle metal hydrides
c. Entrapment of metal hydrides in the
metal voids
d. Entrapment of hydrogen molecules and
metal hydrides in the metal voids
292. Which of the following types of hydrogen
damage processes are high-temperature
a. Aluminum processes?
b. Tungsten a. Hydrogen blistering and hydrogen
c. Steel attack
d. Calcium b. Hydrogen attack and Decarburization
284. Which of the following metal is depicted in c. Decarburization and hydrogen
curve B of a given SN graph? embrittlement
d. Hydrogen attack only
293. Which of the following industries has a
major concern on hydrogen blistering?
a. Petroleum industry
b. Chemical manufacturing industries
c. Oil and natural gas refineries
d. Oil and natural gas refineries,
petroleum and chemical manufacturing
industries
294. Which of the following type of compounds
a. Aluminum act as an inhibitor for hydrogen-ion reduction?
b. Copper a. Sulfide ions
c. Steel b. Phosphorous compounds
d. Zinc c. Arsenic compounds
285. Which of the following is/are the factors d. Sulfide ions, phosphorous and arsenic
that influence corrosion fatigue? compounds
a. Type of metal 295. Which of the following type of corrosion is
b. Composition of corrosive solution depicted in the given figure?
c. Temperature a. Filiform corrosion
d. Type of metal, corrosive solution b. Hydrogen embrittlement
composition, and temperature c. Hydrogen blistering
286. Which of the following is/are the facts that d. Uniform corrosion
indicate the reduction in fatigue resistance of 296. Which of the following type of corrosion is
metal? depicted in the given figure?
a. Corrosion pits act as stress raisers a. Hydrogen blistering
b. Corrosion pits act as initiate cracks b. Hydrogen embrittlement
c. Corrosion pits act as a stress raiser and c. Filiform corrosion
initiate cracks d. Selective leaching
d. Corrosion pits neither act as stress 297. Which of the following metal is highly
raiser nor initiate cracks susceptible to hydrogen embrittlement?
287. Which of the following is/are the a. Titanium
preventions of corrosion fatigue? b. Nickel
a. Use of high tensile strength metals c. Martensitic iron-base alloys
b. Perform shot penning to induce d. Titanium and martensitic iron-base
compressive stresses alloys
c. Use coatings such as electrodeposited 298. Which of the following type of corrosion in
zinc, nickel which corrosion occurs due to the presence of
d. Use of high tensile strength metals, hydrogen sulfide?
perform shot penning to induce a. Hydrogen embrittlement
compressive stresses and use of b. Hydrogen blistering
coatings such as electrodeposited zinc, c. Sulfide stress corrosion
nickel d. Erosion corrosion
288. Hydrogen damage refers to the mechanical 299. Which of the preventions is/are the
damage of a metal caused by the presence of preventions of hydrogen blistering?
or interaction of hydrogen. a. Use of clean steel instead of rimmed
a. True steel
b. False b. Applying metallic, inorganic and
289. Which of the following is/are the types of organic coatings
hydrogen damage? c. Use of substituting alloys such as
a. Hydrogen blistering nickel-based alloys
b. Hydrogen embrittlement d. Use of clean steel instead of rimmed
c. Decarburization steel, applying metallic, inorganic and
d. Hydrogen blistering, hydrogen organic coatings and use of nickel-
embrittlement, and decarburization based alloys
290. What is meant by hydrogen blistering? 300. Which of the following is/are the
a. Entrapment of hydrogen molecules in preventions of hydrogen embrittlement?
the metal voids a. Baking of steels at low temperatures
b. Formation of brittle metal hydrides (200°F–300°F)
c. Entrapment of metal hydrides in the b. Alloying with nickel or molybdenum
metal voids reduces susceptibility
 c. Practicing proper welding with low c. Laboratory testing
hydrogen welding rods d. Both field testing and pilot-plant
d. Baking of steels at low temperatures, testing
alloying with nickel or molybdenum 311. Which of the following is the formula to
reduces susceptibility and practicing calculate the minimum testing time for a
proper welding with low hydrogen corrosion test?
welding rods. a. 2000/milli meters per year
301. Well-planned and executed tests usually b. 2000/mils per year
result in reproducibility and reliability. c. 1000/millimeters per year
a. True d. 1000/mils per year
b. False 312. Which of the following metals is/are
302. Which of the following is/are the types of subjected to increased attack in the presence
corrosion testing? of oxygen?
a. Laboratory testing a. Aluminum and its alloys
b. Pilot-plant testing b. Copper and its alloys
c. Field testing c. Cast iron and steel
d. Laboratory, pilot-plant and field testing d. Copper and its alloys, cast iron and
303. Which of the following type of corrosion steels
tests are usually best and more desirable? 313. Which of the following metals are resistant
a. Laboratory testing to dissolved oxygen?
b. Pilot-plant testing a. Stainless steels
c. Both laboratory and pilot-plant testing b. Aluminum and its alloys
d. Neither laboratory nor pilot-plant c. Stainless steels, aluminum, and its
testing alloys
304. Which of the following is/are the purpose d. Cooper and its alloys
of corrosion testings? 314. What is liquid-line corrosion?
a. Evaluation and selection of materials a. Corrosion on the external surface of a
for a specific environment fully-loaded water tank
b. To know the effect on the corrosion of b. Corrosion at the interface of liquid and
metals by addition of inhibitors gases in a pipeline or tank
c. To study the mechanism of corrosion c. Preferential corrosion of rivets over
d. Evaluation and selection of materials sheets in a storage container
for a specific environment, to know the d. Corrosion on the external surface of a
effect on the corrosion of metals by half-loaded storage tank
addition of inhibitors and to study the 315. Which of the following is/are the cleaning
mechanism of corrosion methods after the exposure of specimen?
305. What is the purpose of the salt-spray test? a. Sandblasting
a. To evaluate painted surfaces b. Rubber-stopper
b. To evaluate electroplated parts c. Use of chemical and solvents
c. To evaluate painted surfaces and d. Sandblasting, rubber-stopper and use
electroplated parts of chemical and solvents
d. Neither to evaluate painted surfaces 316. The Corrodibility of the metal in a corrosion
nor to evaluate electroplated parts test may decrease or increase as a function of
306. Which of the following statement is/are time.
true regarding the Huey test? a. True
a. Boiling 65% nitric acid is used as a b. False
corrosive solution 317. Which of the following is/are the factors
b. Used to evaluate the heat treatment of that affect corrosion testing?
steels a. Temperature
c. Used to evaluate the heat treatment of b. Dissolved oxygen
stainless steels c. Nature of metal
d. Boiling 65% nitric acid is used as a d. Temperature, dissolved oxygen, and
corrosive solution and used to evaluate nature of metal
the heat treatment of stainless steels 318. Which of the following metals in which
307. Which of the following specifications of the corrosion decreases with an increase in
specimen is must increase the reliability of a temperature in oxygenated corrosive solutions?
corrosion test? a. Copper and its alloys
a. Chemical composition b. Steels
b. Fabrication history c. Cast irons
c. Metallurgical history d. Aluminum and its alloys
d. Chemical composition, fabrication 319. Which of the following standard expression
history, and metallurgical history is used to measure the corrosion rate of a
308. A standard surface condition is also metal?
desirable and necessary to facilitate a. Mils per year = W/DAT
comparison with other results. b. Mils per year = 534W/DAT
a. True c. Milligrams decimeter per day =
b. False 534W/DAT
309. Which of the following methods is/are used d. Milligrams decimeter per day = W/DAT
for the surface preparation of a specimen? 320. Which of the following units are used in
a. Polishing belts terms of penetration of pits on a metal?
b. Emery papers a. Milligram sq. decimeter per day (MDD)
c. Electrolytic polishing b. Mils per year (MPY)
d. Polishing belts, emery papers, and c. Both MDD and MPY
electrolytic polishing d. Neither MDD nor MPY
310. Which of the following type of corrosion 321. Which of the following expression is used
testing is depicted in the given figure? for electrochemical techniques to determine
a. Field testing the corrosion penetration rate?
b. Pilot-plant testing a. Corrosion penetration rate = K (ai/D)
 b. Corrosion penetration rate = K (ai/nD) a. Alteration of mechanical properties
c. Corrosion penetration rate = (ai/nD) b. Cracks formation due to internal stress
d. Corrosion penetration rate = (ai/nD) c. Loss of appearance
322. Calculate the corrosion penetration rate of d. Alteration of mechanical properties
iron that corroding at an electrochemical cracks formation due to internal stress
corrosion rate of 1 microampere/sq. and loss of appearance
centimeters? 333. Which of the following is depicted in the
a. 0.212 mpy given figure?
b. 0.11 mpy a. Metallic dissolution
c. 0.46 mpy b. Polymer-solvent interaction
d. 0.64 mpy c. Mechanism of polymeric degradation
323. Which of the following is/are the corrosion d. Uniform corrosion of metals
testing’s for stainless steels? 334. Which of the following corrosive
a. Warren test environments that mostly results in polymeric
b. Streicher test dissolution?
c. Huey test a. Strongly oxidizing environments
d. Warren test, Streicher test and huey b. Strong acids
test c. Strong alkalis
324. Which of the following method is the best d. Strong oxidizing environments, acids,
approach to report the results of the pitting and alkalis
corrosion test? 335. What is Nelson’s method regarding the
a. Reporting the number of pits per unit presentation of corrosion data?
area a. A rapid and ready conversion table for
b. Reporting maximum depth of a pit various corrosion rate units
c. Reporting average depth of pits b. Schematic arrangement of corrosion
d. Reporting weight loss of a metal data with the change in temperature
325. Which of the following factors are and concentration
considered to evaluate the paint test? c. Formula oriented method to find
a. Appearance of coating corrosion rate
b. Presence and extent of corrosion d. A specific corrosion test regarding
c. Under film corrosion galvanic corrosion of stainless steel
d. The appearance of coating, presence, 336. What is meant by nomography for
and extent of corrosion and under film corrosion rates?
corrosion a. Formula oriented method to find
326. The polymer is a large and heavy corrosion rate
molecular chain formed from the interaction of b. A rapid and ready conversion table for
many monomeric units. various corrosion rate units
a. True c. Schematic arrangement of corrosion
b. False data with the change in temperature
327. Which of the following is/are characteristics and concentration
of plastics? d. A specific corrosion rate measurement
a. High stiffness and strength method
b. Less thermal and electrical conductivity 337. Which of the following properties of metal
c. High corrosive resistance is often required to consider by corrosion
d. High stiffness and strength, less engineer?
thermal and electrical conductivity and a. Physical properties
high corrosive resistant b. Mechanical properties
328. Which of the following statement is/are c. Chemical properties
correct regarding elastomers? d. Physical, mechanical and chemical
a. It has high elastic properties properties
b. It has weak intermolecular forces of 338. Which of the following is not a mechanical
attraction between molecules property of a metal?
c. Rubber is a good example of an a. Impact strength
elastomer b. Creep strength
d. Elastomers have high elastic c. Modulus of elasticity
properties, weak intermolecular forces d. Stress-rupture
of attraction and rubber is a good 339. Which of the following is/are the types of
example of an elastomer cast irons?
329. The corrosion mechanism of polymeric and a. Gray cast iron
metallic materials are the same in all corrosive b. Malleable cast iron
environments. c. Nodular cast iron
a. True d. Gray cast iron, malleable cast iron, and
b. False nodular cast iron
330. Which of the following is/are the 340. What is the composition of high-silicon cast
physicochemical processes that occur in iron named Durichlor that has the highest
polymers? corrosion resistance among cast irons?
a. Swelling a. 14% silicon, 0.95% carbon and 3%
b. Dissolution molybdenum
c. Bond rupture b. 10% silicon, 1% carbon and 3%
d. Swelling, dissolution and bond rupture molybdenum
331. Which of the following is/are the causes for c. 14% silicon and 0.95% carbon
the bond rupturing in polymers? d. 10% silicon and 1% carbon
a. Chemical reaction (oxidation) 341. The excellent corrosion resistance of high-
b. Heat silicon irons is due to the formation of a
c. Radiation (sunlight) passive SiO2 surface layer.
d. Chemical reaction, heat, and radiation a. True
332. Which of the following is/are the effects of b. False
polymeric corrosion?
342. Which of the following metal is/are b. Zinc only
regarded as pure iron commercially? c. Magnesium, zinc and magnesium
a. Ingot iron d. Magnesium and tin
b. Armco iron 353. Which of the following metal is/are
c. Wrought iron corrosion resistant to hydrofluoric acid?
d. Ingot and Armco iron a. Hastelloy C
343. Which of the following are the parameters b. Monel
of the iron-carbon diagram on the x and y-axis c. Hastelloy C and Monel
respectively? d. Titanium
a. Carbon percentage and Iron 354. Which of the following metal plating is used
percentage for high-strength steels in aircraft to improve
b. Carbon percentage and temperature resistance to corrosion fatigue?
c. Temperature and carbon percentage a. Cadmium
d. Iron percentage and temperature b. Magnesium
344. Which of the following is/are the c. Zinc
classification types of stainless steel? d. Lead
a. Martensitic stainless steels 355. Which of the following metals will depend
b. Ferritic stainless steels on the oxide layer for their corrosion
c. Austenitic stainless steels resistance?
d. Martensitic, ferritic and austenitic a. Titanium and stainless steels
stainless steels b. Titanium, stainless steels, and
345. Which of the following statements are aluminum and its alloys
correct regarding the austenite phase in an c. Aluminum and its alloys
iron-carbon phase diagram? d. Aluminum and its alloy and titanium
a. It is non-magnetic in nature 356. Which of the following metals has a
b. The maximum percentage of carbon is Hexagonal closed packed structure?
2.1% a. Cadmium
c. It has a face-centered cubic structure b. Magnesium
d. The austenitic phase has a face- c. Zirconium
centered cubic structure with a 2.1% d. Cadmium, magnesium, and zirconium
maximum percent carbon and non- 357. Which of the following characteristics of
magnetic in nature. titanium that account for much of its
346. Which of the following properties of application in corrosive services?
aluminum contributing to its widespread a. Resistance to seawater and other
applications? chloride salt solutions
a. High corrosive resistance b. Resistance to hypochlorite’s and wet
b. Good strength-weight ratio chlorine
c. Nontoxic corrosion products c. Resistance to fuming nitric acid
d. High corrosive resistance, good d. Resistance to seawater, chloride salt
strength-weight ratio, and nontoxic solutions, hypochlorite’s, wet chlorine
corrosion products and fuming nitric acid
347. Which of the following metal is utilized in 358. Which of the following metals are regarded
trucks, automobile engines, aircraft, and as refractory metals?
missiles? a. Niobium and tungsten
a. Stainless steel b. Molybdenum only
b. Carbon steels c. Niobium, molybdenum, and tungsten
c. Magnesium d. Tungsten and molybdenum only
d. Cast irons 359. Which of the following metals that usually
348. Which of the following corrosion products results in a porous and volatile oxide layer?
of lead serve as protective films? a. Magnesium
a. Lead sulfates b. Molybdenum
b. Lead oxides c. Sodium
c. Lead phosphates d. Magnesium, sodium, and molybdenum
d. Sulfates, oxides, and phosphates of 360. Which of the following metals are regarded
lead as noble metals?
349. Which of the following alloying element of a. Iridium
stainless steel that attributes a large increase b. Palladium
in stress-corrosion resistance? c. Ruthenium
a. Nickel d. Iridium, palladium, and ruthenium
b. Chromium 361. What is the composition of aqua-regia that
c. Carbon corrodes noble metals such as platinum, gold?
d. Nickel and chromium a. 3 parts of nitric acid and 1 part of
350. Which of the following metal/alloy has the hydrochloric acid
highest stress-corrosion resistance? b. 3 parts of hydrochloric acid and 1 part
a. Aluminum of nitric acid
b. Inconel c. 1 part of hydrofluoric acid and 3 part of
c. Stainless steel hydrochloric acid
d. Titanium d. 3 parts of hydrofluoric acid and 1 part
351. Which of the following metals will have the of hydrochloric acid
same crystal structure as that of the given 362. What is the abbreviation of BMG regarding
figure? the type of materials?
a. Zinc a. Bulk metallic groups
b. Nickel b. Bulk metallic glasses
c. Titanium c. Body metallic glasses
d. Zinc and titanium d. Body metallic groups
352. Which of the following metals will act as 363. Metallic composites consist of a metallic
sacrificial metals in cathodic production? matrix strengthened by metallic or nonmetallic
a. Tin and zinc fibers, filaments or whiskers.
 a. True d.Polypropylene, polystyrene and
b. False polyvinyl chloride
364. Which of the following factors that affect 374. Which of the following thermoplastic
the corrosion of composites? monomer is depicted in the given figure?
a. The corrosive specificity of an
environment
b. Galvanic effect
c. Corrosive specificity of an environment
and galvanic effect
d. Neither the corrosive specificity of an
environment nor the galvanic effect
365. Which of the following is the monomer of a. Polystyrene
natural rubber? b. Teflon
a. Isoprene c. Polyvinyl chloride
b. Neoprene d. Polyurethane
c. Vinyl chloride 375. Which of the following is the monomer of
d. Styrene Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)?
366. What is the packing fraction of a crystal a. CF2=CF2
structure that is depicted in the given figure? b. CH2=CH-Cl
a. 0.74 c. COOH-CH2-CH2-CH2–CH2COOH
b. 0.52 d. C6H5-CH=CH2
c. 0.68 376. Degradation of plastics is due to swelling,
d. 0.77 loss of mechanical properties, softening,
367. Which of the following is/are the hardening, and spalling.
classification of plastics based on the thermal a. True
behavior? b. False
a. Thermoplastics 377. What is meant by thermosetting plastic?
b. Thermosetting a. It softens on heating and returns to
c. Neither thermoplastics nor original hardness on cooling
thermosetting b. It hardens on heating and retains
d. Thermoplastics and thermosetting hardness on cooling
368. What is meant by thermoplastic? c. It hardens on heating and returns to
a. It softens on heating and returns to original hardness on cooling
original hardness on cooling d. It softens on heating and retains
b. It hardens on heating and returns to hardness on cooling
original hardness on cooling 378. Which of the following is/are the example
c. It hardens on heating and retains of thermosetting polymers?
hardness on cooling a. Epoxies
d. It softens on heating and retains b. Polyesters
hardness on cooling c. Phenolics
369. Which of the following thermoplastic is d. Epoxies, polyesters, and phenolics
corrosion-resistant to all environments up to 379. Which of the following is/are the raw
550°F? materials of Bakelite?
a. Polyvinyl chloride a. Phenol
b. Polystyrene b. Formaldehyde
c. Teflon c. Both phenol and formaldehyde
d. Polyethylene d. Neither phenol nor formaldehyde
370. Which of the following is the chemical 380. Which of the following polyester is used in
name of nylon (6, 6)? the space mirror satellite?
a. Polyethylene terephthalate a. Mylar
b. Hexamethylene adipamide b. Dacron
c. Polytetrafluoroethylene c. Vibrin
d. Polyvinyl fluoride d. Dypol
371. Which of the following thermoplastics is 381. Silicones are used for molding compounds,
used for making eye lenses? laminating resins, and insulation for electric
a. Polytetrafluoroethylene motors and electronic equipment.
b. Polyethylene terephthalate a. True
c. Polymethyl methacrylate b. False
d. Polyvinyl chloride 382. What is the chemical name of the
372. Which of the following is/are the monomers compound that is depicted in the given figure?
of nylon (6,6)?
a. Hexamethylenediamine
b. Adipic acid
c. Both Hexamethylenediamine and adipic
acid
d. Neither Hexamethylenediamine nor a. Formalde
adipic acid hyde
373. Which of the following is/are the examples b. Bakelite
of thermoplastics? c. Urea
a. Polypropylene d. Vinyl chloride
b. Polystyrene 383. What is the abbreviation of FRP regarding
c. Polyvinyl chloride reinforced plastics?
a. Filtrate-reinforced plastic
b. Fiber-reinforced plastic
c. Filter-reinforced plastic
d. Fume-reinforced polymer
384. Which of the following thermosetting
plastics that comes under phenolics?
 a. Bakelite c. It has good thermal and electrical
b. Durez conductivity, excellent thermal shock
c. Resinox resistance, weak and brittle as
d. Bakelite, Durez, and Resinox compared with metals
385. Which of the following category that d. Weak and brittle as compared with
materials such as Epon, Durcon, and Araldite metals and have excellent thermal
belong to? shock resistance
a. Epoxies 396. Which of the following types of wood are
b. Silicones used for corrosion applications?
c. Phenolics a. Oak, redwood, and pine
d. Polyesters b. Pine only
386. Which of the following is not a c. Redwood and oak
thermosetting plastic? d. Redwood only
a. Dacron 397. The most common method of preventing
b. Bakelite corrosion is the selection of the proper metal or
c. Polystyrene alloy for a particular corrosive service.
d. Polyester a. True
387. Which of the following compounds that are b. False
present in ceramics? 398. Which of the following composition range is
a. Metallic elements correct regarding stainless steel?
b. Non-metallic elements a. 11.5 to 30% chromium and 10 to 22%
c. Both metallic and non-metallic nickel
elements b. 11.5 to 30% chromium and 0 to 22%
d. Neither metallic nor non-metallic nickel
elements c. 0 to 30% chromium and 0 to 22%
388. Which of the following is/are the examples nickel
of ceramics? d. 0 to 30% chromium and 10 to 22%
a. Brick nickel
b. Stone 399. Which of the following types of corrosion in
c. Fused silica which stainless steels are more susceptible
d. Brick, stone and fused silica than ordinary steels?
389. Which of the following is/are the a. Pitting corrosion
advantages of ceramics? b. Stress-corrosion cracking
a. Resistance to higher temperatures only c. Intergranular corrosion
b. Better corrosion resistance and d. Stress-corrosion cracking, pitting and
resistance to higher temperatures intergranular corrosion
c. High abrasion resistance 400. Which of the following metal is the best
d. Resistance to high temperatures, material selection combination for the nitric
better corrosion resistance, and high acid environment?
abrasion resistance a. Tin
390. Which of the following is/are the b. Nickel and its alloys
disadvantages of ceramics? c. Stainless steels
a. Brittle in nature d. Steel
b. Less tensile strength 401. Which of the following metal is the best
c. Less resistance to thermal shocks material selection combination for the caustic
d. Brittle in nature, less tensile strength environment?
and less resistance to thermal shocks a. Titanium
391. Which of the following is/are the ultra- b. Nickel and its alloys
tough ceramics that could be used in diesel c. Steels
engines? d. Aluminum and its alloys
a. Silicon carbide and zirconia 402. Which of the following metal is the best
b. Silicon carbide, alumina, and zirconia material selection combination for distilled
c. Zirconia only water?
d. Alumina and silicon carbide a. Tin
392. Acid brick is the material made from b. Lead
fireclay with a silica content about 10% greater c. Titanium
than ordinary firebrick. d. Nickel
a. True 403. Which of the following metal is/are the
b. False correct combination for reducing or non-
393. Which of the following statements oxidizing environment?
regarding glass is/are correct? a. Nickel and its alloys
a. It is an amorphous inorganic oxide b. Copper and its alloys
b. It composed of pure silica c. Stainless steels
c. It is mostly transparent in nature d. Nickel, copper and its alloys
d. It is an amorphous inorganic oxide, 404. Which of the following material is used for
composed of pure silica and mostly handling hydrogen peroxide?
transparent in nature a. Commercially pure metals
394. What is the other name of fused quartz? b. Alloys
a. Vitreous silica c. Both commercially pure metal and
b. Amethyst alloys
c. Citrine d. Neither commercially pure metals nor
d. Rutilated quartz alloys
395. Which of the following is/are the 405. Which of the following type of zirconium is
characteristics of carbon and graphite? used in an atomic-energy application?
a. It has good thermal and electrical a. Induction-melted zirconium
conductivity b. Arc-melted zirconium
b. Excellent thermal shock resistance c. Both arc-melted and induction-melted
zirconium
 d. Neither arc-melted nor induction 414. Which of the following design of vessels
melted zirconium is/are preferred regarding corrosion
406. Which of the following is/are the different prevention?
classes of non-metallics?
a. Ceramics and wood
b. Plastics and ceramics
c. Wood, ceramics, and plastic
d. Ceramics only
407. Which of the following type of materials
possess excellent corrosion and high- a. Sharp-edged vessel only
temperature resistance? b. Curve edged vessel only
a. Metals c. Both sharp and curve edged vessel
b. Plastics d. Neither sharp nor curve edged vessel
c. Ceramics 415. Which of the following is/are the design
d. Both ceramics and metals rules for corrosion prevention?
408. Boiling seawater is less corrosive than that a. Weld rather than riveting containers
of hot seawater. b. Design systems for easy replacement
a. True of components that fails rapidly
b. False c. Avoid excessive mechanical stress and
409. Which of the following belongs to the stress concentration
alteration of the environment to minimize d. Weld rather than riveting containers,
corrosion? design systems for easy replacements
a. Decreasing velocity of components that fail rapidly, and
b. Removing oxygen and oxidizers avoid excessive mechanical stress and
c. Changing concentration stress concentration
d. Decreasing velocity, removing oxygen 416. Which of the following is the design rule to
and oxidizers and changing the reduce erosion-corrosion?
concentration a. Avoid excessive mechanical stress
410. Which of the following is/are the functions b. Avoid sharp bend in piping systems
of magic devices or water-conditioning c. Avoid sharp bends in piping systems
gadgets? and provide thicker sections to reduce
a. Prevent scaling impingement effects
b. Destroy bacteria d. Avoid sharp bends in the piping system
c. Reduce water hardness and excessive mechanical stress
d. Prevent scaling, destroy bacteria and 417. Which of the following is not a design rule
reduce water hardness for corrosion prevention?
411. Which of the following metal combination a. Riveting the tanks rather than welding
is/are selected as per given requirement in the b. Specify operating and maintenance
figure? procedures
c. Tank bottoms should be sloped toward
drain holes
d. Avoid electrical contact between
dissimilar metals
418. Uneven temperature distribution leads to
higher corrosion rates and may result in stress-
corrosion cracking failure.
a. True
b. False
419. Which of the following is/are included in
the general term avoid heterogeneity?
a. Dissimilar metal contact
a. Gold – Iron b. Different phases such as vapor spaces
b. Steel – Stainless c. Uneven heat and stress contribution
c. Brass – Copper d. Dissimilar metal contact, different
d. Silver – Zinc phases such as vapor spaces, and
412. Since corrosion is a penetrating action, it is uneven heat and stress distribution.
necessary to make allowances for the 420. An inhibitor is a chemical substance that
reduction in thickness in designing pipes and added in small concentrations to an
tanks. environment, to decrease the corrosion rate.
a. True a. True
b. False b. False
413. What should be the approximate thickness 421. Which of the following is/are the types of
of a wall for better performance if the corrosion inhibitors?
rate of that wall is estimated as 1/8 inches in 1 a. Adsorption inhibitors
year? b. Scavengers
a. 1/2 inches c. Vapor-phase inhibitors
b. 1/8 inches d. Adsorption inhibitors, scavengers, and
c. 1/4 inches vapor-phase inhibitors
d. 1/16 inches 422. Which of the following is an example of
adsorption-type inhibitors?
a. Arsenic
b. Sodium sulfite
c. Organic amines
d. Chromates
423. Which of the following inhibitors are
effective in acid solutions?
a. Oxidizers
b. Hydrogen-evolution poisons
 c. Vapor-phase inhibitors b. 2H++2e=>H2
d. Oxidizers and hydrogen-evolution c. O2+4H++4e==>H2O
poisons d. M==>M++ne, 2H++2e=>H2 and
424. Which of the following is/are the examples O2+4H++4e==>H2
of Hydrogen-evolution poisons? 435. Cathodic protection is achieved by
a. Arsenic and Antimony supplying electrons to the metal structure to
b. Sodium sulfite and hydrazine be protected.
c. Chromates and ferric salts a. True
d. Organic amines b. False
425. Which of the following is/are the examples 436. Which of the following cases in which the
of scavengers? metal structure is protected?
a. Arsenic and Antimony a. Current passes from metal to
b. Chromates and ferric salts electrolyte
c. Sodium sulfite and hydrazine b. Current enters it from the electrolyte
d. Organic amines c. Electrical contact with dissimilar metals
426. Oxidizers such as chromates, nitrates, and d. Connecting the positive terminal of the
ferric salts inhibit the corrosion of metal and power supply
alloys that demonstrate active-passive 437. Which of the following is/are the types of
transition. cathodic protection?
a. True a. External impressed current supply
b. False b. Sacrificial anode
427. Which of the following is/are the c. External impressed current supply and
characteristics of the vapor phase inhibitor? sacrificial anode
a. It has a very high vapor pressure d. Neither external impressed current
b. Inhibit the atmospheric corrosion supply nor sacrificial anode
without being contact with the metal 438. Which of the following terminal of the
surface power supply should be connected to the metal
c. Effective in closed spaces to be protected?
d. It has very high vapor pressure, inhibit a. Negative terminal
atmosphere corrosion without being b. Positive terminal
contact with the metal surface and c. Both positive and negative terminals
very effective in closed spaces d. Either positive or negative terminal
428. Which of the following phenomenon in 439. Which of the following method is depicted
which the inhibiting effect is sometimes greater in the given figure?
than that would be achieved by either of the
two or substances alone?
a. Galvanic effect
b. Cathodic protection
c. Synergistic effect
d. Inhibiting effect
429. Which of the following is/are the limitations
of inhibitors?
a. It contaminates the environment
b. Inhibitors are toxic
c. Its efficiency decreases with time and
temperature
d. It contaminates the environment, toxic
in nature, and its efficiency decreases
with time and temperature.
430. Which of the following inhibitor is used for
aluminum in the hydrogen peroxide a. Anodic protection
environment? b. Impressed current supply
a. 2% boron trifluoride c. Sacrificial anode
b. Alkali metal nitrates d. Anodic and cathodic protection
c. Sodium silicate 440. Which of the following material is/are used
d. Benzoic acid as an impressed-currents anode?
431. Which of the following inhibitor is used for a. Graphite
steel in 80% pure sulfuric acid? b. Platinized titanium
a. 2% boron trifluoride c. Silicon-iron
b. Sodium silicate d. Graphite, platinized titanium, and
c. Alkali metal nitrates silicon-iron
d. Benzoic acid 441. Which of the following materials is/are
432. Which of the following inhibitor is used for used as backfill around the anode in impressed
steel in the water? currents?
a. Sodium silicate a. Coke breeze
b. Alkali metal nitrates b. Gypsum
c. Benzoic acid c. Bentonite
d. 2% boron trifluoride d. Coke breeze, gypsum, and bentonite
433. Which of the following phenomenon that 442. Which of the following protection method is
occurs on metal surface during inhibition? depicted in the given figure?
a. Adsorption only
b. Adsorption and phase layers
c. Phase layers only
d. Neither adsorption nor phase layers
434. Which of the following is/are the common
electrochemical reactions that occur during
corrosion?
a. M==>M++ne
 a. Impressed-current supply method a. Anodic protection
b. Anodic protection b. Impressed current supply
c. Sacrificial anode c. Stray current effect
d. Anodic protection and sacrificial anode d. Sacrificial anode
443. Which of the metallic structure will require 451. Anodic protection is based on the formation
more impressed current density for cathodic of a protective film on metals by external
protection? applied anodic currents.
a. Water heaters in hot freshwater a. True
b. Underground pipelines b. False
c. The storage tank of H2SO4 452. Which of the following metals can be
d. Reinforcement rods protected using anodic protection?
444. Which of the following reference electrode a. Nickel and iron
is used for cathodic-protection surveys? b. Nickel, iron, and titanium
a. Standard hydrogen electrode c. Titanium only
b. Copper/copper sulfate reference d. Nickel, iron, titanium, and magnesium
electrode 453. A potentiostat is an electronic device that
c. Calomel electrode maintains a metal at a constant potential to a
d. Either calomel or standard hydrogen reference electrode.
electrode a. True
445. Which of the following is/are the typical b. False
sacrificial anodes? 454. Which of the following corrosion prevention
a. Magnesium only method is depicted in the given figure?
b. Zinc and magnesium a. Sacrificial anode
c. Aluminum-tin only b. Impressed current supply method
d. Magnesium, Zinc, and aluminum-tin c. Use of inhibitors
446. Which of the following is an impressed d. Anodic protection
current anode that is efficient in a marine 455. Which of the following auxiliary cathode is
environment? used for anodic protection?
a. Platinized titanium a. Graphite
b. Silicon-iron b. Platinized titanium
c. Scrap steel c. Platinum-clad electrode
d. Graphite d. Aluminum electrode
456. Which of the following reference electrode
is used in anodic protection?
447. Which of the following statements is/are a. Standard hydrogen electrode
correct about stray current? b. Copper/copper sulfate reference
a. It usually encountered in cathodic- electrode
protection systems c. Standard hydrogen electrode and
b. It refers to extraneous direct current in calomel electrode
the earth d. Calomel electrode
c. Acceleration corrosion will occur at the 457. Which of the following is/are the
point where the current enters the soil advantages of anodic protection than cathodic
d. Stray current refers to extraneous protection?
direct current in the earth that usually a. Availability in extremely corrosive
encountered in cathodic protection conditions
systems and accelerated corrosion will b. Low current requirement
occur at the point where current enters c. Availability in extremely corrosive
the soil conditions and low current requirement
448. Which of the following is/are the d. Very low installation cost
preventions of stray current effect in an 458. Which of the following is/are the unique
underground channel? advantages of anodic protection?
a. Use of bus conductor a. To monitor instantaneous corrosion
b. Rearrangement of anodes rate
c. Use of bus conductor and b. Operating conditions can be
rearrangement of anodes established in the lab
d. Neither use of bus conductor nor c. It is applicable for all type of metals
rearrangements of anodes d. To monitor instantaneous corrosion
449. Which of the corrosion prevention method rate and operating conditions can be
is used for reducing the maintenance cost of established in the lab
highway and bridges? 459. A thin coating of metallic and inorganic
a. Sacrificial anode materials can provide a satisfactory barrier
b. Impressed current supply between the metal and its environment.
c. Anodic protection a. True
d. Use of inhibitors b. False
450. Which of the following is depicted in the 460. Which of the following is/are the purposes
given figure? of coatings?
a. To acts as a sacrificial metal
b. To act as an effective barrier
c. Either to act as sacrificial metal or to
act as an effective barrier
d. Neither to act as sacrificial metal nor to
act as an effective barrier
461. Which of the following is/are the methods
to apply metallic coatings?
a. Electrode position
b. Flame spraying
c. Cladding
 d. Electrode position, flame spraying, and a. True
cladding b. False
462. What is the reason for the localized attack 471. What is meant by vapor deposition?
on the base metal due to the porosity of a. A wire or powder through melting
coatings? flame is blown onto the surface to be
a. Crevice formation protected
b. Galvanic effect b. Coating metal is vaporized electrically
c. Initiation of pits to deposit on the metals to be coated
d. Crevice formation and galvanic effect c. Hot rolling of two metals together to
463. Which of the following is/are the examples get a composite sheet
for metal-coated articles? d. Immersing native metal in a solution of
a. Silverware the metal to be plated
b. Galvanized steel 472. What is meant by diffusion coatings?
c. Tin cans a. Immersing native metal in a solution of
d. Silverware, galvanized steel, and tin the metal to be plated
cans b. Coating metal is vaporized electrically
464. What is meant by electrodeposition? to deposit on the metals to be coated
a. Immersing native metal in a solution of c. Heat treatment to cause alloy
the metal to be plated formation by diffusion of one metal into
b. Hot rolling of two metals together to the other
get a composite sheet d. Hot rolling of two metals together to
c. A wire or powder through melting get a composite sheet
flame is blown onto the surface to be 473. Which of the following is/are the types of
protected diffusion coatings?
d. Coating metal is vaporized electrically a. Sherardizing – zinc
to deposit on the metals to be coated b. Chromizing – chromium
465. Which of the following is/are the factors of c. Alonizing – aluminum
electroplating that effects efficiency? d. Sherardizing – zinc, chromizing –
a. Temperature and composition of the chromium and alonizing – aluminum
bath 474. What is meant by chemical conversion
b. Composition of bath and time regarding coatings of a metal?
c. Temperature, the composition of the a. Coating metal is vaporized electrically
bath, time and current density to deposit on the parts to be coated
d. Current density and composition of the b. Coatings produced by corroding the
bath metal surface to form an adherent
466. What is the general purpose of each protective layer
coating in a three-layered coating of an c. Hot rolling of two metals together to
automobile bumper? produce composite sheet
a. Inner coating – adhesion, intermediate d. A metal wire or powder through the
coating – corrosion protection and top melting flame is blown onto the surface
layer – appearance to be protected
b. Inner coating – corrosion protection, 475. Which of the following is/are the examples
intermediate coating – adhesion and of chemical conversion?
top layer – appearance a. Bonderizing
c. All layers for corrosion resistance b. Parkerizing
d. All layers for appearance c. Chromatizing
467. What is meant flame spraying metallic d. Bonderizing, parkerizing, and
coating? chromatizing
a. Hot rolling of two metals together to 476. In general, coatings should not be used
get a composite sheet where the environment would rapidly attack
b. A wire or powder through melting the substrate material.
flame is blown onto the surface to be a. True
protected b. False
c. Coating metal is vaporized electrically 477. Which of the following is/are the examples
to deposit on the metals to be coated of organic coatings?
d. Immersing native metal in a solution of a. Paints
the metal to be plated b. Varnishes
468. Which of the following is/are the c. Lacquers
application of flame spraying? d. Paints, varnishes and lacquers
a. Bridges 478. Which of the following is/are factors to
b. Refrigeration equipment consider for organic coatings?
c. Ship hulls a. Surface preparation only
d. Bridges, refrigeration equipment and b. Surface preparation and selection of
ship hulls primary coating
469. What is meant by metal cladding? c. Surface preparation and selection of
a. Immersing native metal in a solution of primary and top coatings
the metal to be plated d. Selection of primary and top coatings
b. Coating metal is vaporized electrically 479. What is the purpose of surface
to deposit on the metals to be coated preparation?
c. Hot rolling of two metals together to a. Surface roughening for mechanical
get a composite sheet bonding
d. A wire or powder through melting b. Removal of dirt, rust and mill scale
flame is blown onto the surface to be c. Removal of welding flux and other
protected impurities
470. Cladding is a great economical advantage d. Surface roughening for mechanical
in that the corrosion barrier as the expensive bonding, removal of dirt, rust, mill
material is backed up by inexpensive material scale, welding flux, and other
by minimizing corrosion. impurities
480. Which of the following is/are the methods b. Vanadium oxide is used as a catalyst
for surface preparation for coating application? c. It accounts for 70% of the world’s
a. Sandblasting and chipping production
b. Wire brushing and flame cleaning d. Conversion of sulfur dioxide to sulfur
trioxide takes place in the presence of
vanadium catalyst and it accounts for
70% world’s production
489. Which of the following concentration of
sulfuric acid in which the corrosion rate of steel
is minimum?
a. Less than 30%
b. Greater than 70%
c. 30% – 70%
d. above 110%
490. Which of the following are the functions of
the given graph on the x and y-axis
respectively?

c. Sandblasting, chipping, wire brushing

and flame cleaning
d. Sandblasting, chipping and flame
cleaning
481. Which of the following paints are widely
used for corrosion applications?
a. Vinyl and epoxy paints a. Temperature and concentration of acid
b. Asphalts and bituminous paints b. Corrosion rate and temperature
c. Iron oxide and titanium oxide paints c. The concentration of acid and
d. Alkyds and red lead temperature
482. Which of the following is/are the d. The concentration of acid and corrosion
characteristics of primers or primary coatings? rate
a. It contains rust-inhibitive pigments 491. Which of the following is/are the factors
only that affect the corrosion resistance of steel in
b. Adequate wettability and short drying concentrated sulfuric acid?
time a. High velocity
c. Short drying time, adequate wettability b. Temperature of acid
and it contains rust-inhibitive pigments c. Aeration
d. It contains rust-inhibitive pigments and d. High velocity, temperature, and
short drying time aeration
483. Which of the following is/are the 492. Which of the following metal is not
advantages of coal-tar coatings? corrosion resistant to sulfuric acid?
a. Excellent corrosion resistance to fresh a. Grey cast iron
and seawater b. Duriron
b. Excellent corrosion resistant to fresh, c. Durimet 20
seawater and soil immersion d. Lead
c. High abrasive resistance 493. Lead is used extensively for sulfuric acid in
d. Stable coating the lower concentration ranges (<70%).
484. Which of the following is/are the examples a. False
of mineral acids? b. True
a. Sulfuric acid and nitric acid 494. Which of the following is/are the
b. Hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid applications of Duriron because of its corrosion
c. Sulfuric, nitric, hydrochloric, resistance and inherent hardness?
hydrofluoric and phosphoric acid a. To manufacture pumps, valves, and
d. Sulfuric, nitric, hydrochloric and fans
hydrofluoric acid b. To make heat exchangers
485. Which of the following acid is produced c. Impressed–current anodes
relatively higher than other acids? d. To manufacture pumps, valves, fans,
a. Nitric acid heat exchangers and impressed-
b. Sulfuric acid current anodes
c. Phosphoric acid 495. Which of the following alloying elements
d. Hydrofluoric acid are not recommended in the sulfuric acid
486. What are the principal uses of sulfuric acid? environment?
a. Production of hydrochloric acid a. Chromium
b. Manufacturing of dyes, fertilizers, and b. Nickel
drugs c. Molybdenum
c. Pickling of steels and other metals d. Nickel and molybdenum
d. Production of hydrochloric acid, 496. Which of the following is/are the class1
manufacturing of dyes, fertilizers and corrosion resistance materials in nitric acid?
drugs and pickling of steels a. High-silicon cast irons
487. Which of the following method is used to b. Stainless steels (type 430)
produce sulfuric acid? c. Titanium
a. Contact process d. High-silicon cast iron, stainless steels,
b. Ostwald process and titanium
c. Solvay process 497. Which of the following steels will have less
d. Haber process corrosion rate in boiling 65% nitric acid?
488. Which of the following statements is/are a. 4.5% chromium steel
true regarding the contact process? b. 8% chromium and 8% nickel steel
a. Conversion of sulfur dioxide to sulfur c. 18% chromium and 8% nickel stainless
trioxide takes place steel
 d. 18% chromium stainless steel 509. Which of the following metals will have a
498. Duriron exhibits excellent corrosion high influence on aeration and oxidizing agents
resistance in concentrations over 45% at in hydrochloric acid?
temperatures including boiling. a. Copper and its alloys
a. True b. Nickel and its alloys
b. False c. Nickel-molybdenum alloys, copper,
499. The corrosion resistance of Durichlor to nickel and their alloys
nitric acid is better than that of Duriron. d. Nickel-molybdenum alloys
a. True 510. Which of the following impurity in
b. False hydrochloric acid results in pitting corrosion?
500. What are the principal applications of a. Ferrous chloride
Duriron? b. Ferric chloride
a. Cast forms of pumps, valves, heat c. Potassium chloride
exchangers for chemical plant d. Sodium chloride
b. In manufacturing and handling of nitric 511. Which of the following material is/are
acid primarily used for hydrofluoric acid?
c. In the ammonia oxidation process a. High-silicon cast iron
d. Cast forms of pumps, valves, heat b. Magnesium
exchangers for chemical plant, in c. Aluminum
manufacturing and handling of nitric d. Glass and stoneware
acid and ammonia oxidation process 512. Hydrofluoric acid and fluorine are toxic and
501. Which of the following statements is/are extreme care are mandatory in the handling of
true about titanium? these materials.
a. It has excellent corrosion resistance to a. True
fuming nitric acid b. False
b. It is used as an oxidizer in fuel systems 513. Which of the following metal is suitable in
for rockets handling high concentrations (>60%) of
c. It has excellent corrosion resistance to hydrofluoric acid?
fuming nitric acid and it is used as an a. Stainless steel
oxidizer in fuel systems for rockets b. Brass
d. It doesn’t exhibit pyrophoric tendencies c. Steel
in red fuming nitric acid d. Titanium
502. Which of the following is/are the class2 514. Which of the following is/are the impurities
corrosion-resistant materials in nitric acid? in commercial hydrofluoric acid that decreases
a. Aluminum and Stainless steels corrosion of steel?
b. Aluminum, Hastelloy, and Inconel a. Sulfuric acid
c. Hastelloy and Inconel b. Fluosilicic acid
d. Hastelloy and Titanium c. Neither sulfuric acid nor fluosilicic acid
503. Which of the following polymer has d. Both sulfuric acid and fluosilicic acid
excellent corrosion resistance to nitric acid? 515. Which of the following metal is an
a. Teflon outstanding material that resists all
b. Polyvinyl chloride concentrations of hydrofluoric acid at all
c. Polystyrene temperatures?
d. Polyethylene a. Wrought Monel
504. Which of the following is/are the class3 b. Steel
corrosion-resistant materials in nitric acid? c. Stainless steel
a. Copper and its alloys d. Hastelloy C
b. Nickel and its alloys 516. Why straight chromium stainless steels and
c. Low-alloy steels austenitic stainless steels are not
d. Low-alloy steels, copper, nickels and recommended for hydrofluoric acid
their alloys applications?
505. Which of the following metal is used for a. Due to susceptibility to crevice
hydrochloric acid to avoid contamination? b. Due to limited corrosion resistance
a. Titanium c. Due to susceptibility to pitting
b. Tantalum d. Sensitive to erosion-corrosion
c. Molybdenum 517. Which of the following materials is/are
d. Cupronickels widely used for phosphoric acid?
506. Which of the following is/are the class1 a. 316 stainless steel
corrosion resistance materials in hydrochloric b. Durimet 20
acid? c. Neither 316 stainless steel nor Durimet
a. Chlorimet 2 and Chlorimet 3 20
b. Hastelloy B and C d. Both 316 stainless steel and Durimet
c. Zirconium and molybdenum 20
d. Chlorimet 2 and 3, Hastelloy B and C, 518. Which of the following materials exhibits
Zirconium, Molybdenum and Tantalum poor corrosion resistance to phosphoric acid?
507. Duriron has better corrosion resistance a. Aluminum and brass
than Durichlor in hydrochloric acid. b. Aluminum, brass, steel, cast iron,
a. False ferritic and martensitic stainless steels
b. True c. Steel and cast iron
508. Which of the following is/are the class2 d. Ferritic and martensitic stainless steels
corrosion resistance materials in hydrochloric 519. Which of the following is/are the impurities
acid? that cause corrosion in commercial phosphoric
a. Bronzes and Cupronickels acid?
b. Hastelloy D and Duriron a. Fluorides
c. Bronzes, Stainless steels, Bronzes, b. Chlorides
Cupronickels, Hastelloy D and Duriron c. Sulfuric acids
d. Stainless steels and Duriron d. Fluorides, chlorides and sulfuric acid
520. Which of the following non-metallic has the b. The phenomenon of metal to become
highest corrosive resistance to the phosphoric brittle due to caustic accumulation at
acid with temperature? the rivets
a. Teflon c. Entrapment of caustic content between
b. Graphite atoms to cause brittleness
c. Polyvinyl chloride d. The phenomenon of metal to become
d. Polyethylene more tensile due to caustic
521. Which of the following materials is/are accumulation
used for handling acetic acid? 532. Which of the following statements is/are
a. Type 316 and 304 Stainless steels correct regarding caustic embrittlement?
b. Copper and Bronzes a. Mild carbon steels are susceptible to
c. Duriron and Hastelloy C caustic embrittlement
d. Hastelloy C, Durimet 20, Duriron, b. It occurs in concentrated hydroxide
Copper, Bronzes and 316 and 304 environment
stainless steels c. It occurs around the rivets
522. Which of the following metals will switch d. Mild carbon steels are susceptible to
positions in acetic acid as the temperature gets caustic embrittlement in concentrated
increased? hydroxide environment around the
a. Copper and stainless steel rivets
b. Stainless steel and nickel 533. Which of the following is/are the
c. Steel and copper preventions of caustic embrittlement?
d. Aluminum and nickel a. Optimize stress concentration
523. Organic acids are relatively weaker than b. Avoid caustic environment
the inorganic acids because they are slightly c. Use of nickel-based alloys, avoid
ionized. caustic environment and optimize
a. True stress concentration
b. False d. Use mild carbon steels
524. Which of the following is the most 534. Which of the following common alkalies
corrosive organic acid? that results in stress-corrosion cracking of
a. Acetic acid steel?
b. Formic acid a. Caustic soda
c. Ethanol b. Caustic soda and caustic potash
d. Acetone c. Caustic potash
525. Which of the following metal is prone to d. Sodium carbonate
stress corrosion cracking in methanol? 535. Which of the following metal is suitable
a. Nickel under all conditions of concentration and
b. Copper temperature in caustic soda?
c. Titanium a. Nickel
d. Stainless steel b. Aluminum
526. Which of the following metals will have c. Titanium
high corrosion rates in aerated acetic acid? d. Carbon steel
a. Aluminum and its alloys 536. Aluminum is a very poor resistant material
b. Copper and its alloys for handling caustic environments and rapidly
c. Titanium and its alloys attacked even by dilute solutions.
d. Nickel and its alloys a. False
527. Which of the following impurities that affect b. True
the corrosion rate of carbon steel in benzene 537. Which of the following metal results in
solvent? stress corrosion cracking in an ammoniacal
a. Oxygen solution?
b. Butyric acid a. Aluminum and its alloys
c. Oxygen and butyric acid b. Nickel and its alloys
d. Zinc dust c. Copper and its alloys
528. What are the parameters that affect the d. Stainless steels
corrosion rate of metal in organic acids? 538. Oxygen is the primary cause of cracking in
a. Solvent composition ammoniacal solution rather than nitrogen.
b. The solubility of corrosion products a. True
c. Oxygen solubility b. False
d. Solvent composition, the solubility of 539. Which of the following can be used to
corrosion products and oxygen inhibit stress corrosion cracking in ammoniacal
solubility solutions?
529. Which of the following is/are the corrosion a. Addition of 0.2% water
prevention methods in organic acids? b. Addition of 0.025% hydrazine in
a. Selection of materials and drying refrigeration
b. Selection of materials, drying, c. Addition of oxidizing agents
deaeration, and neutralization of the d. Either addition of 0.2% water or
solvent addition of 0.025% hydrazine in
c. Deaeration and neutralization of the refrigeration
solvent 540. Which of the following is/are used for
d. Drying and deaeration ammoniacal solution applications?
530. The application of electrochemical a. Cast iron and steel
protection methods in organic acids is b. 430 and 304 type stainless steels
restricted due to low electrical conductivity. c. Cast iron, steel, 430 and 304 type
a. True stainless steels
b. False d. Copper and cast irons
531. What is meant by caustic embrittlement? 541. Which of the following is/are the
a. Decrease in compressive strength due classifications of atmospheres regarding
to caustic accumulation atmospheric corrosion?
a. Industrial
 b. Marine d. Crevice
c. Rural 551. Which of the following is/are true regarding
d. Industrial, marine and rural seawater?
542. Which of the following is/are the primary a. It contains 3.4% salt
causes of atmospheric corrosion? b. It has a pH around 8
a. Moisture c. It is a good electrolyte with high
b. Oxygen electrical conductivity
c. Moisture, oxygen and sulfur d. Seawater is a good electrolyte with
contaminants high electrical conductivity with 3.4%
d. Sulfur contaminants only salt and pH around 8
543. 552. Which of the following is/are the factors
that affect corrosion in seawater?
a. Temperature and velocity
b. Oxygen content and biological
organisms
c. Temperature, velocity, oxygen content
and biological organisms
d. Temperature, velocity and oxygen
content
553. Which of the following region of the
seacoast environment have high corrosion
based on the given figure?

Corrosion of steel on the seacoast is 400 to 500

times is more corrosive than in a desert area.
a. True
b. False
544. How many times that industrial corrosion is
more corrosive than rural atmospheres? a. Quiet seawater
a. 10 to 20 b. Splash region
b. 50 to 100 c. High tide area
c. 30 to 50 d. Mud line
d. 100 to 150 554. Which of the following regions of the
545. Which of the following is/are the reasons seacoast environment shows the effect of the
for more corrosiveness of industrial pitting of metals and alloys?
atmosphere than rural atmosphere? a. Quiet seawater
a. ormation of sulfurous and sulfuric acid b. High tide region
b. Ejection of corrosive ammoniacal c. Low tide region
solutions d. Splash region
c. Formation of sulfurous and sulfuric acid 555. Corrosion by seawater at greater depth is
and ejection of corrosive ammoniacal usually decreased because of the lower
solutions temperature.
d. High levels of carbon dioxide a. False
546. Which of the following alloying elements b. True
increase resistance of steel to atmospheric 556. Which of the following impurities
corrosion? contaminates the brackish water due to tidal
a. Copper action in rivers and bays near the ocean?
b. Nickel a. Chlorides
c. Chromium b. Bromides
d. Copper, nickel and chromium c. Hydrides
547. Which of the following metals are widely d. Metal oxides
used for atmospheric applications? 557. Which of the following metals have high
a. Copper and lead resistance to crevices in quiet seawater?
b. Copper, lead, aluminum and galvanized a. Hastelloy C
steel b. Titanium
c. Galvanized steel only c. Hastelloy C and Titanium
d. Galvanized steel and copper d. Nickel-copper alloy
548. Which of the following alloys is also called 558. Which of the following alloy has high
as weathering steels? cavitation resistance that usually used for ship
a. Low-alloy steels used for atmospheric propellers and pumps impellers in seawater?
applications a. Titanium
b. High-alloy steels used for atmospheric b. Stellite
applications c. 17-7 Stainless steel
c. Low-alloy copper alloys d. Nickel aluminum bronze
d. Low-alloy aluminum alloys 559. Which of the following factors that affect
549. Sheltered corrosion is the type of corrosion the corrosivity in freshwater?
where moisture condenses or accumulates and a. Oxygen content
does not dry out for long periods of time. b. Hardness
a. False c. Chloride content
b. True d. Oxygen content, hardness and chloride
550. Which of the following phenomenon that content
results in rapid corrosion on the inside of large 560. Which of the following type of water is
storage tanks occurs when moisture-laden salt more corrosive?
air is drawn in? a. Hard water
a. Sheltering b. Hard and soft water
b. Breathing c. Soft water
c. Exhalation d. High-purity water
561. Which of the following metals are widely d. Neither aerobic nor anaerobic corrosion
used for handing freshwater? 572. Which of the following areas of aircrafts
a. Cast iron face severe corrosion problems?
b. Stainless steel a. Fuel tank due to oxidizers and fuel
c. Galvanized steel b. High-temperature corrosion in blast
d. Cast iron, stainless steel, and nozzles
galvanized steel c. The outer structure of the plane due to
562. Which of the following corrosion defects vacuum
that affect the reliability of tubing? d. Fuel tank due to oxidizers and fuel,
a. Selective weld metal attack high-temperature corrosion in blast
b. Improper pickling and heat treatment nozzles
c. Residual stresses, selective weld metal 573. Which of the following materials is/are
attack, improper pickling, and heat used for blast nozzles in aerospace?
treatment a. Aluminum oxide and cemented
d. Selective weld metal attack and tungsten carbide
residual stresses b. Aluminum oxide cemented tungsten
563. Corrosion decreases with an increase in the carbide and boron carbide
purity of water. c. Cemented tungsten carbide only
a. True d. Aluminum oxide and boron carbide
b. False 574. Which of the following is/are the prime
564. Which of the following types of corrosion considerations in space vehicles and aircraft?
has been seen in stainless steels in high purity a. High strength-weight ratios for
water containing oxygen? materials and high ratios of payload to
a. Cracking of solution-quenched stainless the vehicle’s weight
steel only b. High strength-weight ratios for
b. Intergranular attack and cracking of materials only
solution-quenched steel c. High ratios of payload to vehicles
c. Intergranular attack only weight only
d. Neither intergranular corrosion nor d. Neither high strength-weight ratios for
cracking of solution-quenched steel materials nor high ratios of payload to
565. Which of the following metals/alloys are the vehicle’s weight
used for handling high-purity water in nuclear 575. Rusting of high-strength steel due to
applications? resident water can cause stress-corrosion and
a. Zirconium and its alloys hydrogen embrittlement.
b. Stainless steels a. False
c. Inconel and Incoloy b. True
d. Zirconium and its alloys, stainless 576. Which of the following is/are the primary
steels, Inconel and Incoloy materials regarding the construction of
566. The corrosivity of soils varies over a wide aircraft?
range because of the variety of composition. a. Aluminum
a. True b. Magnesium and titanium
b. False c. Aluminum, magnesium, titanium, and
567. Which of the factors that affect the iron
corrosiveness of soils? d. Titanium and magnesium
a. Moisture 577. Which of the following corrosion protective
b. Acidity systems is/are included in aircraft industries?
c. Oxygen a. Anodizing, cladding and conversion
d. Moisture, oxygen, acidity and stray coatings
currents b. Anodizing and cathodic protection
568. Which of the following is a good measure c. Conversion coatings and anodizing
of corrosivity? d. Cathodic protection only
a. Thermal conduction 578. Which of the following is/are the general
b. Electrical resistance areas of the petroleum industry that faces
c. Thermal resistance corrosion problems?
d. Mechanical properties a. Production unit
569. Which of the following type of corrosion b. Transportation and storage
is/are dominant due to backfills such as stones, c. Refinery operations
cinders, wood, and metal? d. Production unit, transportation,
a. Crevice corrosion storage, and refinery operations
b. Pitting corrosion 579. Which of the following impurities is often
c. Crevice and pitting corrosion present in oil and gas wells?
d. Neither crevice nor pitting corrosion a. Saline water
570. Which of the following is/are true regarding b. Sulfides
underground structures? c. Saline water, sulfides and organic
a. Ordinary carbon steels and cast irons impurities such as ammonia
are commonly used d. Organic impurities such as ammonia
b. Organic coatings can be used 580. How the corrosion characteristics of a well
c. Cathodic protection is applied to can be determined?
protect it from corrosion a. Inspection of surface equipment
d. Usually made of carbon steel and cast b. Analysis of carbon dioxide and organic
irons with or without organic coatings acid
and supported by a cathodic protection c. Tubing-caliper surveys
system d. Inspection of surface equipment,
571. Which of the following type of corrosion is analysis of carbon dioxide, organic acid
pre-dominate in underground corrosion? and tubing-caliper surveys
a. Aerobic corrosion 581. Which of the following is/are the
b. Anaerobic corrosion neutralizers added to well to minimize
c. Aerobic and anaerobic corrosion corrosion?
 a. Ammonia and Sodium carbonate d. Brass, cupronickels and arsenical
b. Ammonia, sodium carbonate, sodium admiralty metal
hydroxide, and sodium silicate 592. Which of the following element is the most
c. Ammonia and sodium silicate beneficial alloying element in steel for
d. Sodium carbonate and sodium silicate resistance to sulfur compounds?
582. Which of the following metals is/are used a. Chromium
for petroleum well valves and wellhead parts? b. Nickel
a. Straight chromium stainless steels and c. Molybdenum
stellite d. Carbon
b. Monel and copper-based alloys 593. Biological corrosion is a deterioration of a
c. Monel, straight chromium steels, metal by the corrosion process that occurs
stellite, and copper-based alloys directly or indirectly due to the activity of living
d. Monel and stellite organisms.
583. Which of the following prevention methods a. True
that are usually employed on a beam of b. False
offshore drilling? 594. Which of the following environments in
a. Paints and other organic coatings which the biological activity may influence
b. Cathodic protection with sacrificial corrosion?
anodes or impressed currents a. Soil
c. Adding inhibitors b. Fresh and seawater
d. Adding inhibitors, paints and other c. Petroleum products
organic coatings and cathodic d. Soil, freshwater, seawater and
protection petroleum products
584. Which of the following inhibitor has been 595. Which of the following is/are the processes
effective for internal corrosion domestic fuel oil that affect the corrosion behavior of metals by
tanks? biological activity?
a. Alkaline sodium chromate a. By influencing anodic and cathodic
b. Sodium silicate reactions
c. Ammonia b. By influencing protective surface films
d. Sodium carbonate c. By producing deposits, by influencing
585. Which of the following impurities that anodic, cathodic reactions and
causes corrosion difficulties in refinery protective surface films
operations? d. By creating non-corrosive conditions
a. Hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide 596. Which of the following component is taken
b. Hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, into account to classify aerobic and anaerobic
sulfuric acid, and sodium chloride organisms?
c. Sodium carbonate and sodium silicate a. Nitrogen
d. Hydrogen sulfide and sulfuric acid b. Oxygen
586. Water acts as an electrolyte and causes c. Argon
corrosion as it tends to hydrolyze chlorides and d. Phosphorus
other materials to form an acidic environment. 597. Which of the following organisms are
a. True regarded as microorganisms?
b. False a. Bacteria
587. Which of the following is/are the desalting b. Fungi
methods in the petroleum industry? c. Protozoa
a. Washing and settling d. Bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and
b. Addition of chemicals such as nematodes
sulfonates 598. Which of the following anaerobic bacteria
c. Centrifuging and filtering, washing and that influence the corrosion behavior of buried
settling, the addition of chemicals such steel structures?
as sulfonates a. Sulfur-reducing bacteria
d. Centrifuging and filtering b. Sulfur-oxidizing bacteria
588. Ammonia is used to control the pH of the c. Thiobacillus thiooxidans
water and to reduce chloride acidity in the d. Sulfur-reducing and sulfur-oxidizing
process stream. bacteria
a. True 599. Thiobacillusthiooxidans are the type of
b. False aerobic bacteria that are capable of oxidizing
589. Which of the chemical is/are added for the sulfur-bearing compounds to sulfuric acid.
removal of hydrogen sulfide and a. False
neutralization? b. True
a. Sodium hydroxide 600. Which of the following coatings is/are used
b. Lime for the prevention of microbiological corrosion
c. Sodium hydroxide and lime in buried steel?
d. Naphthenic acid a. Asphalt
590. Which of the following impurity that causes b. Enamel
rapid intergranular stress corrosion cracking of c. Plastic tape
sensitized austenitic stainless steels in refinery d. Asphalt, enamel and plastic tape
operations? 601. Which of the following is/are the
a. Sodium chloride preventions of microbiological corrosion in soil?
b. Naphthenic acid a. Use of substitute materials
c. Hydrogen sulfide b. Use of inhibitors
d. Carbon dioxide c. Applying coatings, use of inhibitors,
591. Which of the following metals is/are usually cathodic protection and substitute
used for heat exchanger tubes carrying water? materials
a. Carbon steels d. Cathodic protection
b. Brass and cupronickels 602. Which of the following acids are produced
c. Arsenical admiralty metal by microorganisms such as fungus and mold?
a. Oxalic acid
 b. Lactic acid a. Atomic weight
c. Acetic acid b. Weight loss
d. Oxalic acid, lactic acid, acetic acid, and c. Solubility percentage
citric acid d. Atomic number
603. Which of the following materials is/are 611. Which of the following materials shows
usually attacked by fungus? good resistance to both liquid-metals and high-
a. Leathers temperature oxidation?
b. Rubbers a. High alloy stainless steels
c. Leathers, rubbers and bare and coated b. Monel
metals c. Hastelloy
d. Bare and coated metals d. Hastelloy, high alloy stainless steels
604. Which of the following is/are the and monel
preventions for the growth of mold on metal 612. Which of the following type of stainless
surfaces? steels are attacked by magnesium at its
a. Periodic cleaning and storing in the melting point?
high humid atmosphere a. Duplex stainless steels
b. Periodic cleaning, reducing relative b. Austenitic stainless steels
humidity during storage and applying c. Martensitic stainless steels
toxic organic agents d. Ferritic stainless steels
c. Reducing relative humidity during 613. The presence of traces of titanium and
storage and applying toxic organic magnesium in mercury can inhibit the
agents corrosion of iron in ferrous-based alloys.
d. Periodic cleaning and reducing relative a. True
humidity during storage b. False
605. Which of the following is/are the aqueous 614. Which of the following materials have
organisms that influence the corrosion of superior corrosion resistance and high rupture
metals in the water? strength in mercury?
a. Barnacles, mussels, and algae a. 5% chromium steels
b. Fungus and mold b. Si-Cr-Mo steels
c. Sulfur-reducing and sulfur-oxidizing c. 5% chromium steels and Si-Cr-Mo
bacteria steels
d. Thiobacillus thiooxidans d. Carbon steels
606. The liquid-metal corrosion is usually a 615. Which of the following type of corrosion Is
physical effect rather than an electrochemical usually encounters for various materials in
attack. liquid metal environment?
a. True a. Uniform corrosion
b. False b. Stress cracking corrosion
607. Which of the following is/are the types of c. Crevice corrosion
liquid-metal corrosion? d. Pitting corrosion
a. Solution of structural metal 616. Which of the following alloys is/are usually
b. Diffusion of liquid into solid metal used for sodium hydroxide fused salt?
c. Intermetallic compound formation a. Nickel-based alloys
d. Solution of structural metal, diffusion b. Copper-based alloys
of liquid into solid metal and c. Ferrous alloys
intermetallic compound formation d. Zinc based alloys
608. Which of the following is/are undesirable in 617. Which of the following is/are the types of
heat-exchange systems handling liquid metals? mass transfer due to liquid-metal corrosion?
a. Deposition of impurities in cool areas a. Composition-gradient mass transfer
b. Resistance to heat transfer b. Thermal-gradient mass transfer
c. Formation of brittle intermetallic c. Neither composition nor thermal
compounds, resistance to heat transfer gradient mass transfer
and deposition of impurities in cool d. Both composition and thermal gradient
areas mass transfer
d. Formation of brittle intermetallic 618. Which of the following types of steel
compounds coatings is/are preferred for automobile body
609. Which of the following parameter has a parts?
direct relation with the corrosion rate in liquid a. Galvanized steels
metals? b. Electroplated steels
a. Percentage of alloying elements c. Galvanized steels, electroplated steels
b. Solubility of the metallic structure in and complete immersion of corrosion
liquid metal preventing primer coat
c. Solubility of alloying elements in d. Complete immersion of corrosion
metallic matrix preventing primer coat
d. Percentage of oxygen 619. Which of the following is/are preventive
610. Which of the following parameter is taken measures to minimize automobile corrosion?
as Xin the given graph regarding corrosion of a. Use of inhibitor in the engine cooling
various metals in liquid-metal corrosion? system
b. Avoid very short runs
c. Fill the gasoline tank at least half full
d. Use of inhibitor in engine cooling
system, avoid very short runs and fill
the gasoline tank at least half full
620. Which of the following is/are the
applications of modern electrode kinetic
principles?
a. Anodic protection
b. Noble metal alloying
 c. Methods to measure corrosion rates 626. Which of the following formula is used to
rapidly calculate the Gibbs free energy of an
d. Anodic protection, noble metal alloying electrochemical reaction?
and methods to measure corrosion a. ΔG=-nFE0cell
b. ΔG=+nFE0cell
c. ΔG=-nFEcell
d. ΔG=+nFEcell
627. What is the change in Gibb’s free energy of
a Cu-Zn system with a cell potential of 1.10V?
a. 11.13 KJ/mol
b. +21.23 KJ/mol
c. +11.13 KJ/mol
d. 21.23 KJ/mol
628. Which of the following is/are correct
regarding the given figure?

rates rapidly
621. What is the direct measure of work
capacity or electrical energy available from a
system?
a. Change in enthalpy
b. Change in Gibbs free energy
c. Reaction time a. It is a reversible cell with unit activity
d. Concentration of reactants b. Copper and zinc are cathode and anode
622. If the transition of a system from one state respectively
to another state resulted in negative free c. It is a reversible cell of Cu-Zn system
energy change then it is known as a with standard cell potential of 1.10V,
spontaneous reaction. copper and zinc are cathode and anode
a. True respectively
b. False d. The standard cell potential is 1.10V
623. Which of the following is true, if the 629. What are the cathodic and anodic reactions
transition of a system results in positive Gibbs respectively of a given Cu-Zn system?
free energy change?
a. It is a spontaneous reaction

a. Cu==>Cu+2+2e and Zn+2+2e==>Zn

b. Cu+2+2e==>Cu and Zn==>Zn+2+2e
c. Cu==>Cu+2+2e and
2Zn+1+2e==>2Zn
d. Cu+2+2e==>Cu and
2Zn==>2Zn+1+2e
630. What is the overall standard cell potential
b. Free energy of products is less of a given Cu-Fe system?
c. It is a non-spontaneous reaction
d. Free energy of reactants is more
624. Which of the following is a spontaneous
reaction?
a. Production of ammonia
b. Corrosion of metals
c. Photosynthesis reaction
d. Generation of oxygen from water
625. a. +0.78V
The b. -0.14V
c. -0.78V
d. +0.14
631. Which of the following metal is used as a
solid interface for hydrogen gas in the standard
hydrogen electrode?
a. Copper
b. Zinc
c. Gold
d. Platinized platinum
632. What is the Nernst equation for chemical
reaction nA + mB ==> pC + qD at
change in Gibbs free energy is a path function temperature T?
and it is independent of the state of the a. E=E0+2.3(RT/nF)log{([A]n+[B]m)/
system. ([C]p+[D]q)}
a. False b. E=2.3(RT/nF)log{([A]n+[B]m)/([C]p+
b. True [D]q)}
c. E=E0+2.3(RT/nF)log{([n]A+[m]B)/
([p]C+ [q]D)}
 d. E=2.3(RT/nF)log{([n]A+[m]B)/([p]C+ c. Neither spontaneous nor non-
[q]D)} spontaneous reaction
633. Which of the following is a cathode and d. Spontaneous reaction
anode respectively in the Ag-Fe system? 637. Which of the following diagrams shows the
a. Iron (Fe) and Silver (Ag) stability of metals over a range of pH and
b. Silver (Ag) and Iron (Fe) potential of a system?
c. Gold (Ag) and Iron (Fe) a. Phase diagrams
d. Iron (Fe) and Gold (Ag) b. Pourbaix diagrams
634. An electrochemical reaction is always a c. Phase diagrams and Pourbaix diagrams
combination of oxidation half-cell and a d. Colling curves
reduction of half-cell 638. What is depicted in the given figure?
a. True
b. False
635. What is the cathodic and anodic reactions
respectively of Cu-Ag system?
a. Ag==>Ag+2+2e and Cu+2+2e==>Cu
b. Cu==>Cu+2+2e and Ag==>Ag+2+2e
c. 2Ag+1+2e==>2Ag and
Cu==>Cu+2+2e a. Phase diagram of the Fe-C system
d. 2Ag==>2Ag+1+2e and b. Pourbaix diagram for Fe-O2 system
c. Pourbaix diagram for Fe-H2O system
d. Colling curve pure iron
639. Which of the following zone of given
Pourbaix diagram indicates the immune zone?

a. Zone 1
b. Zone 2
c. Zone 3
Cu+2+2e==>Cu d. Zone 4
636. Which of the following type of reaction is 640. Which of the following zone(s) of given
shown in the given figure? Pourbaix diagrams indicate a passive zone?

a. Zone 1 and 2
b. Zone 2 and 3
c. Zone 2, 3 and 6
d. Zone 4 and 5
641. Which of the following is/are the
applications of Pourbaix diagrams?
a. Predicting the spontaneous direction of
reactions
b. To reduce corrosion attack
c. To reduce corrosion attack, to predict
the direction of spontaneous reaction
and to estimate the composition of
corrosion product
d. To estimate the composition of
corrosion product
642. Which of the following is/are the limitations
of Pourbaix diagrams?
a. Non-spontaneous reaction a. Rate of reaction is can’t be predicted
b. Equilibrium reaction b. It neglects the impurities of working
conditions
c. Stability of metallic species is predicted
d. Rate of reaction is not predicted and it
neglects the impurities of working
conditions
643. What is meant by an anode?
a. An electrode at which reduction
process takes place
b. An electrode at which oxidation process
takes place
 c. An electrode at which neither the c. The temperature of a solution
oxidation nor reduction takes place d. The velocity of a solution
d. An electrode at which both oxidation 650. Which of the following mentioned is/are the
and reduction takes place types of polarization?
644. Which of the following is correct regarding a. Activation polarization
Polarization? b. Concentration polarization
a. It is the deviation from equilibrium c. Resistance polarization
potential d. Activation, concentration and
b. It results from the change in net resistance polarization
current flow 651. What is the relationship between reaction
c. Magnitude is measured in terms of rate and overvoltage for activation
overvoltage polarization?
d. It is the deviation from equilibrium a. na=±βlog(i0/i)
potential that occurred due to the b. na=±βlog(I/i0)
change in net current flow and its c. na=±βlog(1-i0/i)
magnitude is measured in terms of d. na=±βlog(1-i/i0)
overvoltage. 652. What is depicted in the given figure?
645. What is the symbol of overvoltage? a. Concentration polarization of
hydrogen-hydrogen ion
b. Resistance polarization of hydrogen-
hydrogen ion
c. Activation polarization of hydrogen-
hydrogen ion
d. Both activation and concentration
polarization of hydrogen-hydrogen ion
653. Which of the following is/are correct
regarding concentration polarization?
a. Diffusion of ions in the bulk solution is
the controlling factor
b. It usually operates at a high current
a. Alpha (α) density
b. Beta (β) c. It is a continuation of Activation
c. Eta (η) polarization
d. Delta (Δ) d. It is a continuation of activation
646. Exchange current density is the current per polarization, diffusion of ions in the
unit area of either oxidation or reduction bulk solution is the controlling factor
process at the equilibrium. and it usually operates at high current
densities
654. What is depicted in the given figure?

a. Activation polarization
a. True b. Concentration polarization
b. False c. Resistance polarization
647. What is the formula to calculate rate of d. Activation and concentration
oxidation or rate of reduction during polarization
equilibrium? 655. What is the formula to determine limiting
a. r0=rR=i0nF diffusion current density (iL) of concentration
b. r0=rR=i0/nF polarization?
c. r0=rR=i0n/F a. iL=xnFCB/D
d. r0=rR=nF/i0 b. iL=DCB /nFx
648. Which of the following metal shows the c. iL=DnFCB/x
highest exchange current density for d. iL=x/DnFCB
hydrogen-hydrogen ion as per given figure? 656. Agitation will increase the limiting diffusion
current density of concentration polarization.
a. True
b. False
657. Which of the following is/are correct
regarding the given figure?

a. Mercury
b. Iron
c. Platinized platinum
d. Platinum
649. Which of the following is the controlling
factor of Activation polarization?
a. The activation energy of a reaction
b. Diffusion of ions in the solution
 a. Velocity, temperature, and a. Any electrochemical reaction can be
concentration are the factors that divided into two or more partial
influence limiting current density reactions
b. Limiting current density decreases with b. No net accumulation of electric charge
an increase in velocity, temperature, during the reaction
and concentration c. Any electrochemical reaction can be
c. Limiting current density increase with divided into two or more partial
the increase in velocity, temperature, reactions and no net accumulation of
and concentration electric charge during the reaction
d. Velocity, temperature, and d. Electrochemical reactions can’t be
concentration are the factors that divided into partial reactions
influence limiting current density and it 662. Which of the following is depicted in the
increases as it increases given mixed potential schematic?
658. Which of the following type(s) of
polarization is depicted in the given figure?

a. Dissolution of zinc
b. Oxidation of hydrogen
c. Reduction of zinc
d. Dissolution of copper
663. Which of the following is/are correct
regarding passivation?
a. It is defined as the loss of reactivity at
certain conditions
b. Usually results in the formation of the
oxide layer
c. The corrosion rates are relatively low
d. It is defined as loss of reactivity at
certain conditions usually due to the
formation of the oxide layer and
corrosion rates are relatively low
664. The passive state of a metal is often
relatively unstable and subject to damage.
a. True
b. False
665. Which of the following is/are the
a. Activation polarization metal/alloys that demonstrate active-passive
b. Concentration polarization transitions?
c. Activation and concentration a. Iron and stainless steels
polarization b. Nickel and its alloys
d. Resistance polarization c. Iron, stainless steels, nickels, titanium,
659. Which of the following is/are correct and its alloys
regarding resistance polarization? d. Titanium and its alloys
a. Activation energy at the interface is the 666. What is depicted in the given polarization
controlling factor curve?
b. The resistance of transition between
electrodes and electrolytes
c. Diffusion of ions in the bulk solution is
the controlling factor
d. The resistance of reacting ions for
diffusion is the controlling factor
660. Which two scientists present the first
formal presentation on mixed potential theory?
a. Wagner and Traud a. Cathodic dissolution of typical active-
b. Wagner and Evans passive transition metal
c. Traud and Nernst b. Anodic dissolution of typical active-
d. Wilsmore and Nernst passive transition metal
661. Which of the following is/are the c. Anodic dissolution of a metal
hypothesis of mixed potential theory? d. Cathodic dissolution of a metal
667. Which of the following is/are correct
regarding the active region of metals?
a. Corrosion rates increase exponentially
b. Corrosion rates increase linearly
c. It follows typical Tafel behavior
d. It follows typical Tafel behavior and
corrosion rates increases exponentially
668. The Trans passive region is the region in
which the corrosion rate increases with an
increase in potential.
a. True
b. False
669. Which of the following is/are the important prevention methods and to develop
characteristics of active-passive transitions of a new rapid corrosion rate measurement
metal? 674. Which of the following is/are correct when
a. Passive potential (Epp) oxidizing agents are added to a corrosion
b. Critical anodic current density (ic) system containing a non-passivating metal?
c. Passive potential (Epp) and Critical a. Rate of corrosion decreases after
anodic current density (ic) certain potential
d. Neither passive potential nor critical b. Rate of corrosion increases with
anodic current density increase in oxidizers concentration
670. Which of the following statements is/are c. Rate of corrosion increases after
correct regarding the given schematic? certain potential
d. Results in the formation stable oxide
layer
675. Which of the following is described in the
given figure?

a. Inc
re
as
e
in acid concentration and temperature
increase the passive potential
b. Increase in acid concentration and a. Effect of oxidizers concentration on
temperature increase critical current cathodic behavior of active metal
density b. Effect of oxidizers concentration on the
c. The relative reduction in the size of the
passive region
d. Increase in acid concentration and
temperature increase critical current
density, passive potential and we can
observe a relative reduction in the size
of the passive region
671. Which of the following metal doesn’t
possess a trans passive region?
a. Iron
b. Titanium
c. Nickel
d. Aluminum electrochemical behavior of active
672. Which of the following metals/alloys metal
passivates spontaneously in acid solutions c. Effect of oxidizers concentration on the
containing oxidizers or dissolved oxygen? electrochemical behavior of active-
a. Copper passive transition metal
b. Titanium d. Effect of oxidizers concentration on
c. Stainless steels and titanium cathodic behavior of active-passive
d. Nickel transition metal
673. Which of the following is/are the 676. What is the potential of oxidizers at which
applications of mixed-potential theory? metal passivation starts according to a given
a. Permit prediction of complex corrosion figure?

a. Concentration corresponding to C
b. Concentration corresponding to D
c. Concentration corresponding to A
d. Concentration corresponding to B
behavior 677. Which of the following is described in the
b. To develop new corrosion prevention given figure?
methods
c. To develop new rapid corrosion rate
measurement
d. Permit prediction of complex corrosion
behavior, to develop new corrosion
 a. Effect of velocity on anodic dissolution 684. In a galvanic couple, the corrosion rate of
of oxygen the metal with active corrosion potential is
b. Effect of velocity on the accelerated whereas the corrosion rate of noble
electrochemical behavior of active- metal retards preferentially.
passive transition metal a. True
c. Effect of velocity on the b. False
electrochemical behavior of a normal 685. Which of the following metals that are
metal spontaneously passivated on coupling with
d. Effect of velocity on the cathodic platinum?
dissolution of metal a. Titanium
678. The corrosion rate is usually dependent at b. Chromium
low velocity whereas at high velocities it c. Titanium and Chromium
becomes independent. d. Neither titanium nor chromium
a. True 686. Which of the following is/are correct
b. False regarding the potentiostat method?
679. Which of the following type of polarization a. It is a polarization technique that
has a negligible effect on velocity? allows for controlled polarization
a. Concentration polarization b. It works on controlling voltage between
b. Activation polarization a working and reference electrode
c. Concentration polarization and c. It is a corrosion analysis method
Activation polarization d. It is a corrosion analysis technique
d. Neither concentration nor Activation method that allows for controlled
polarization polarization and it works on controlling
680. Which of the following is depicted in the voltage between a working and
given figure? reference electrode.
687. What is meant by anodic protection?
a. Accompanying the sacrificial metal with
metallic structure
b. Prevention of corrosion by impressed
cathodic current by supply electrons
c. Prevention of corrosion by the
impressed anodic current is used to
transform from active to a passive
state
d. Additions of oxidizers and oxidizing
agents for the formation of an oxide
layer
688. The optimum potential for anodic
protection is in the mid of passive region since
a. Galvanic effect of copper-platinum it permits slight variations.
b. Corrosion of platinum a. True
c. Corrosion of Zinc b. False
d. Galvanic effect of zinc-platinum 689. Which of the following is described in the
681. Severe corrosion of metals occurred when given figure?
coupled with platinum is due to the higher
current density for hydrogen evolution but not
due to the reversible potential of the platinum-
platinum ion electrode.
a. True
b. False
682. The reversible potential of gold is more
positive than platinum in emf series whereas in
galvanic series the position of gold is below
platinum.
a. False a. Pr
b. True ot
683. Which of the following is depicted in the ec
given figure? tion range for anodic protection for an
active metal
b. Protection range for anodic protection
for an active-passive transition metal
c. Protection range for cathodic protection
for an active-passive transition metal
d. Protection range for cathodic protection
for an active metal
690. Which of the following noble metals will
improve the corrosion resistance of titanium
and chromium on galvanic coupling?
a. Platinum
a. Galvanic effect of the zinc-platinum b. Palladium
couple c. Rhodium
b. Effect of the velocity of zinc-platinum d. Platinum, palladium, and rhodium
couple 691. Stainless steels containing small quantities
c. Effect of the cathode-anode area ratio of platinum passivates more readily in the
of a zinc-platinum couple presence of oxygen, ferric salts, and other
d. Effect of oxidizers on the zinc-platinum oxidizing agents.
couple a. False
b. True
692. Which of the following electrochemical d. It can be applied to systems containing
methods is/are used to determine the one reduction process, for reasonable
corrosion rate? accuracy the Tafel region must be
a. Tafel extrapolation extended and there will be much
b. Linear polarization interference from concentration
c. Tafel extrapolation and linear polarization
polarization 698. What is the range of current density
d. Neither Tafel extrapolation nor linear around corrosion potential that will observe
polarization that the applied current density is a linear
693. Which of the following is depicted in the function of the electrode potential?
given figure? a. 10 mV more noble or active around
corrosion potential
b. 5 mV more noble or active around
corrosion potential
c. 10 V more noble or active around
corrosion potential
d. 5 V more noble or active around
corrosion potential
699. What is the formula to determine the slope
of linear polarization curve?
a. ΔE/Δi =[2.3*icorr*(βa+βb)]/[βa*βb]
b. ΔE/Δi=[βa+βb]/[2.3*icorr*(βa*βb)]
c. ΔE/Δi=[βa*βb]/[2.3*icorr*(βa+βb)]
d. ΔE/Δi=[2.3*icorr*(βa*βb)]/[βa+βb]
a. Electric circuit for cathodic polarization 700. Which of the following is depicted in the
measurements given figure?
b. Electric circuit for anodic polarization
measurements
c. Electric circuit for cathodic protection
d. Electric circuit for sacrificial anode
system
694. The applied current cathodic polarization
curve of a corroding metal is non-linear at low
currents, but it becomes linear at higher a. A
currents on a semilogarithmic plot. n
a. False o
b. True d
695. Which of the following is depicted in the ic polarization curve
given figure? b. Linear-polarization curve
c. Cathodic polarization curve
d. Mixed potential curve
701. Which of the following industries uses Tafel
extrapolation or linear polarization to measure
low corrosion rates?
a. Nuclear industries
b. Pharmaceutical industries
c. Food processing industries
d. Nuclear, pharmaceutical and food
processing industries
702. Which of the following is/are the systems
that are prone to high-temperature corrosion?
a. Gas turbines
a. Linear polarization curve b. Rocket engines
b. Mixed potential curve c. Furnaces
c. Anodic polarization curve d. Gas turbines, rocket engines, and
d. Cathodic polarization curve furnaces
696. Which of the following is/are the 703. Pilling and Bed worth proposed that
advantages of Tafel extrapolation? oxidation resistance is related to the volume
a. It can measure extremely low corrosion ratio of oxide and metal per grams atom of
rates metal.
b. It can be used for continuously a. True
monitoring the corrosion rate of a b. False
system 704. Which of the following is/are the
c. It can be used for continuously characteristics of a metal oxide if the Pilling
monitoring the corrosion rate of a and Bed worth ratio is less than 1?
system with high accuracy and a. Protective
measures extremely low corrosion b. Unprotective
rates c. Unprotective and insufficient oxide
d. It can be performed rapidly with high d. Unprotective and sufficient oxide
accuracy 705. Which of the following is/are the causes for
697. Which of the following is/are the limitations the poor oxidation resistance of metal oxide
of Tafel extrapolation? with high Pilling and Bed worth ratio?
a. For reasonable accuracy, the Tafel a. Large compressive stresses in the
region must be extended oxide
b. It can be applied to systems containing b. Cracking
one reduction process only c. Spalling
c. Much interference from concentration d. Large compressive stresses in the
polarization oxide, cracking and spalling
706. Which of the following is/are the ideal d. CoO
characteristics of the passive metal oxide 716. Which of the following is/are the p-type
layer? semiconducting oxides?
a. Good adherence and high melting point a. FeO and MnO
b. Low electrical conductivity and low b. FeO, MnO, Cu2O, and CoO
vapor pressure c. Al2O3, MnO, and CoO
c. Good adherence, high melting point, d. CdO2, Cu2O, and Mno
low vapor pressure, and low electrical 717. In general, all oxides are nonstoichiometric
conductivity in nature their composition varies from an ideal
d. Good adherence and high vapor molecular formula.
pressure a. True
707. Which of the following metal has a b. False
nonprotective oxide? 718. Which of the following is/are correct
a. Cadmium (CdO2) regarding the measurement of the rate of
b. Copper (Cu2O) oxidation?
c. Chromium (Cr2O3) a. Weight loss per unit area of metal is
d. Silicon (SiO2) the measure of the rate of oxidation
708. What is the value of the Pilling and Bed b. Either weight loss or weight gain per
worth ratio of tungsten? unit area of metal is the measure of
a. 1.21 the rate of oxidation
b. 3.40 c. Weight gain per unit area of metal is
c. 2.60 the measure of the rate of oxidation
d. 0.45 d. Neither weight loss nor weight gain per
709. Which of the following is/are the interface unit area of metals is the measure of
at which new metallic oxides (MO) are the rate of oxidation
produced? 719. Diffusion-controlled oxidation can be
a. Metal-scale interface minimized by decreasing the concentration of
b. Scale-gas interface ionic defects in the scale.
c. Metal-scale interface or scale-gas a. False
interface b. True
d. Neither metal-scale interface nor scale- 720. What are the types of oxidation rate laws?
gas interface a. Linear and parabolic law
710. The diffusion of either cation or oxygen b. Cubic and logarithmic law
ions usually controls the reaction rate of high- c. Linear, parabolic and cubic law
temperature metallic oxidation. d. Linear, parabolic, cubic and logarithmic
a. True law
b. False 721. Which of the following oxidation rate law is
711. Which of the following is depicted in the depicted as x in the given figure?
given figure?

a. Metal-liquid oxidation
b. Metal-gas oxidation a. Linear law
c. Metal-metal oxidation b. Parabolic law
d. Aqueous metal corrosion c. Cubic law
712. Which of the following order is correct d. Parabolic law
regarding the oxides of iron starting from 722. Which of the following oxidation rate law is
metallic iron to gaseous oxygen interface? depicted as z in the given figure?
a. FeO, Fe2O3, and Fe3O4
b. Fe2O3, Fe3O4 and FeO
c. Fe3O4, Fe2O3, and FeO
d. FeO, Fe3O4, and Fe2O3
713. The relative thickness of each phase of a
metallic oxide is determined by the rate of
ionic diffusion through that phase.
a. True
b. False
714. Which of the following metal(s) produces
metal oxide at a metal-scale interface?
a. Titanium
b. Niobium
c. Zirconium
d. Titanium, Niobium, and Zirconium
715. Which of the following is/are the n-type
semiconducting oxides?
a. CdO2
b. TiO2
c. Al2O3, CdO2, and TiO2
 diffusivity for atomic oxygen are subject to
internal corrosion.
a. Linear law a. True
b. Parabolic law b. False
c. Cubic law 732. Which of the following mechanical
d. Parabolic law properties is/are important in structural
723. Which of the following is/are correct applications of metals?
regarding linear oxidation law? a. Tensile strength
a. Weight gain per unit area of the metal b. Yield strength
is directly proportional to the exposure c. Ductility and Elasticity
time d. Tensile strength, Yield strength,
b. It is a characteristic of porous or Ductility, and Fracture toughness
cracked scale 733. Which of the following is/are correct
c. Sodium is an example that follows regarding creep?
linear oxidation law a. It is the continuous plastic elongation
d. Weight gain per unit area of metal is of metal under constant load
directly proportional to exposure time, b. It is the high-temperature mechanical
it is characteristic of porous or cracked effect of a metal
scale and sodium follows linear c. It is the continuous plastic elongation
oxidation law of metal under constant load at high
724. Which of the following metal doesn’t follow temperature and it can be minimized
linear oxidation law? by the fraction of grain boundaries
a. Sodium d. It can be minimized by reducing the
b. Aluminum fraction of grain boundaries
c. Niobium 734. Which of the following is/are true regarding
d. Potassium stress rupture?
725. Which of the following is/are true regarding a. The stress required to cause a rupture
parabolic oxidation rate law? in a predetermined time at a constant
a. It was proposed by C. Wagner temperature
b. It states that square of weight loss is b. It is important in short-term high-
directly proportional to the time of temperature applications
exposure c. Stress rupture is an important
c. It was proposed by C. Wagner which mechanical property for gas turbine or
states that square of weight loss is rocket engines
directly proportional to the time of d. The stress required to cause a rupture
exposure and it resembles non-steady- in short-term high-temperature
state diffusion-controlled reactions applications at a predetermined time is
d. It resembles non-steady-state known as stress rupture and it is an
diffusion-controlled reactions important mechanical property for gas
726. Which of the following metals follows turbines and rocket engines
logarithmic oxidation law?
a. Aluminum 735. Which of the following is/are the adequate
b. Copper high-temperature mechanical properties to
c. Iron avoid fracture?
d. Aluminum, copper, and iron a. Low creep rate and high stress-rupture
727. Metals that follow linear oxidation kinetics strength
at low temperatures tend to oxidize b. High stress-rupture strength, low creep
catastrophicallyat high temperatures. rate, and high fracture toughness
a. True c. High stress-rupture strength and high
b. False fracture toughness
728. Which of the following metals results in the d. Low creep rate and high fracture
ignition in extreme cases? toughness
a. Sodium 736. Which of the following strengthening
b. Magnesium mechanisms is/are used to attain high-
c. Niobium temperature strength?
d. Sodium, magnesium, and niobium a. Solid-solution strengthening
729. Which of the following metals results in the b. Precipitation hardening
formation of volatile oxides? c. Dispersion hardening
a. Molybdenum d. Solid-solution strengthening,
b. Tungsten precipitation hardening or dispersion
c. Osmium, tungsten, molybdenum, and hardening
Vanadium 737. Which of the following metallurgical
d. Vanadium changes that affect the structural stability of
730. Which of the following is/are true regarding metals at high temperatures?
internal corrosion? a. Grain growth, phase changes,
a. Corrosion products precipitate in the precipitation dissolution and
metal matrix precipitation over aging
b. Corrosion products precipitate in the b. Grain growth and phase changes
metal matrix and metals such as Fe, c. Precipitation dissolution and
Ni, and Co are highly prone to internal precipitation over aging
corrosion d. Phase changes, precipitation
c. Corrosion occurs on external surfaces dissolution and precipitation over aging
of metals 738. Which of the following nickel-based alloys
d. It is due to the stable corrosion is/are superalloys?
products of base metals a. Hastelloy C-276
731. Dilute alloying elements of base metals b. Inconel 718
exhibiting a relatively high solubility and c. Hastelloy C-276, Inconel 718 and
Hastelloy HX
 d. Hastelloy HX
739. Which of the following is/are the high
melting point metals?
a. Molybdenum
b. Tungsten
c. Columbium
d. Molybdenum, tungsten, columbium,
and tantalum
740. Which of the following is/are the limitations
of high-temperature non-metallic materials?
a. Lack of ductility
b. Less resistance to thermal shock
c. Weldability, less resistance to thermal
shock, lack of ductility and formability
d. Weldability and formability