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    Grand National Assembly

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    Rida
    The Grand National Assembly of Turkey is the unicameral Turkish legislature established after the Turkish War of Independence. It has 600 members elected to 5-year terms through a party list proportional system. The Assembly has legislative, executive, and oversight powers, including enacting laws, approving the budget and international treaties, and appointing members of the judiciary. However, a 2017 referendum reduced some of its powers to supervise the executive branch in favor of stronger presidential powers. While the Assembly gained some powers to check the presidency, its unicameral structure and the president's influence over his party's deputies mean it has faced challenges in serving as a balance of power.

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    Grand National Assembly

    Uploaded by

    Rida
    21 views2 pages
    The Grand National Assembly of Turkey is the unicameral Turkish legislature established after the Turkish War of Independence. It has 600 members elected to 5-year terms through a party list proportional system. The Assembly has legislative, executive, and oversight powers, including enacting laws, approving the budget and international treaties, and appointing members of the judiciary. However, a 2017 referendum reduced some of its powers to supervise the executive branch in favor of stronger presidential powers. While the Assembly gained some powers to check the presidency, its unicameral structure and the president's influence over his party's deputies mean it has faced challenges in serving as a balance of power.

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    pakistan assembliy

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    3. Grand National Assembly

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    The Grand National Assembly of Turkey is the unicameral Turkish legislature established after the Turkish War of Independence. It has 600 members elected to 5-year terms through a party list proportional system. The Assembly has legislative, executive, and oversight powers, including enacting laws, approving the budget and international treaties, and appointing members of the judiciary. However, a 2017 referendum reduced some of its powers to supervise the executive branch in favor of stronger presidential powers. While the Assembly gained some powers to check the presidency, its unicameral structure and the president's influence over his party's deputies mean it has faced challenges in serving as a balance of power.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    21 views2 pages

    Grand National Assembly

    Uploaded by

    Rida
    The Grand National Assembly of Turkey is the unicameral Turkish legislature established after the Turkish War of Independence. It has 600 members elected to 5-year terms through a party list proportional system. The Assembly has legislative, executive, and oversight powers, including enacting laws, approving the budget and international treaties, and appointing members of the judiciary. However, a 2017 referendum reduced some of its powers to supervise the executive branch in favor of stronger presidential powers. While the Assembly gained some powers to check the presidency, its unicameral structure and the president's influence over his party's deputies mean it has faced challenges in serving as a balance of power.

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    OUTLINE

    I. Introduction
    II. Election
    III. Powers and Functions
    IV. Critical Analysis

    I. Introduction
    o Unicameral Turkish legislature
    o Sole body given prerogative of legislature by the Constitution
    o Founded in Ankara in the midst of Turkish War of Independence
    o The parliament was fundamental in creating Modern Turkey from the remnants of the
    Ottoman Empire.
    o Under the Constitution of 1961, GNA was bicameral
    o In the 1982 Constitution it was again restored to unicameralism.

    II. Election
    o 600 members and 5 years term | 87 Electoral Districts
    o D’hondt Method; a party list proportional system.
    o A party must win 10% of the electoral votes to send its MPs to the Parliament.
    o Two parties won seats in legislature in 2002, three in 2007, five in 2015 and four in
    2018.
    o Main Parties
     I) Justice and Development Party (AKP)
     Ii) The Nationalist Movement (MHP)
     Iii) Republic People’s Party (CHP)
     IV) People’s Democratic Party (HDP)
    III. Powers and Functions
    o 1. Legislative Powers
     Enact new laws and make alterations whenever required.
     After 2017 referendum, it lost the power to supervise the Council of Ministers
    and to authorize it to issue governmental decrees.
     Laws of the Parliament to stand supreme over Presidential decree in case of
    clash.
     Override Presidential veto with absolute majority. (301)
     Lost the power of vote of confidence after 2017 referendum.
    o 2. Executive Powers
     Strict division between Legislature and Executive has weakened the executive
    powers
     Approves the ratification of international treaties
     Power to authorize war.
     Authorized to use army to fulfil obligations of International Law
     Competent to allow foreign troops in Turkey or give them free passage.
    o 3. Control over Finances
     Debates, approves and rejects the budget proposed by the President.
     Makes decisions regarding the printing of currency.
     Finance Act
     Appropriation Act
    o 4. Judicial Powers
     Appoints 3 members of the Constitutional Court.
     Appoints 7 members of Board of Judges and Prosecutors through a two round
    voting system.
     Indicts President, Vice Presidents, and Ministers.
    o 5. Emergency Powers
     Parliament approves the state of emergency declared by the President.
     The Parliament can extend, remove or shorten it.
     States of emergency can be extended for up to six months at a time except
    during war, where no such limitation will be required.
     Every presidential decree issued during a state of emergency will need an
    approval of Parliament.
     Martial law has been abolished and all other forms have been merged into
    single form of state of emergency.
     6. Parliamentary Enquiries
     Powers of Parliamentary Research, Parliamentary Investigation, General
    Discussion and Written Question.
     Interpellation is abolished and replaced with Parliamentary Investigation.
    IV. Critical Analysis
    o It can be argued that the Parliament has been strengthened after 2017 Referendum to
    keep a check on a strong President.
    o Power of overriding vetoes, Indicting the President and his cabinet have increased the
    influence of the Parliament.
    o But the president having the seat of party leader can still sway the deputies to his favor
    o President vis-a-vis Constitutional Council -> Judicial Review
    o A unicameral legislature does not justly represent the different factions of the Turkish
    Nation.

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