Socsci Assay PDF

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE
DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
2nd Term | SY 2022-2023
SCIENCE 100 | AR II-2B-F

SCIENCE 100 – SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND SOCIETY
M 09:30-11:20 AM | T 09:30-11:20 AM
MODULE NO: Module 1.
MODULE TITLE: Assay Reading (Lewis Wolpert’s the Medawar Lecture)

DATE ISSUED: JANUARY 17, 2023
DATE DUE: FEBRUARY 7, 2023
DATE SUBMITTED: FEBRUARY 7, 2023
Instructor Student
Sir Rene Vincent Tad-o Rabadon, Iris Joyce M.
1. Difficult concepts
a. Eugenics
The scientifically erroneous and immoral theories of “racial improvement” and
“planned breeding,” gained popularity during the early 20th century.
Eugenicists worldwide believed that they could perfect human beings and
eliminate so-called social ills through genetics and heredity.
b. The effects of GMOs on the ecosystem.

Genetic modification produces genetically modified animals, plants, and
organisms. If they are introduced into the environment they can affect
biodiversity. For example, existing species can be overrun by more dominant
new species. These and other potential effects are considered during the
licensing procedure
c. Conflation of science and technology

The distinction between science and technology, between knowledge and
understanding on the one hand, and the application of that knowledge to
making something, or using it in some practical way, is fundamental.
d. Nanotechnology
Also shortened to nanotech, is the use of matter on an atomic, molecular, and
supramolecular scale for industrial purposes.
e. Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE)

A progressive neurological disorder of cattle that results from infection by an
unusual transmissible agent called a prion. The nature of the transmissible agent
is not well understood. Currently, the most accepted theory is that the agent is a
modified form of a normal protein known as prion protein. For reasons that are
not yet understood, the normal prion protein changes into a pathogenic
(harmful) form that then damages the central nervous system of cattle.
2. Learning Insights
a. I believed at the time that science and technology were universal.

Remembering what I've learned from my past high school lessons, science, and
technology are almost always related. Technology will always be a part of
science. But after reading the post, I've begun to believe that science and
technology are not the same things. The best method to understand the world is
through science, and technology is reliable scientific information that is ethical
and real worth. But now that I've read the article, I think that science and
technology are not the same thing. The best method to understand the world is
through science, and technology is trustworthy scientific knowledge that is
morally neutral and benefit.
b. Before reading the article, I believed that cloning would help the world
maintain life and develop new methods of reproduction. However, after
reading it, I believe and have learned that clones can have a very high chance
of developing abnormalities that could negatively affect the clone. Cloned
beings are like playing "God" themselves. Because they are attempting to
produce living things that God has already made.
c. After reading, I came to the realization that even scientists have obligations
because the future of the world depends on their discoveries and innovations. I
am aware of how important they are to the progress of society. The social
responsibilities that scientists have are unique from those that they share with
other citizens, such as upholding a democratic society and respecting others'
rights. I also learned from reading, that those with money and the government
typically have more influence over science applications than scientists do.
Everyone involved, not just scientists, faces ethical issues as a result of how
scientific knowledge is applied.
3. Debate
Upon reading these, I believe that Science is the collection, organization, and
analysis of facts and information, as well as the potential applications of such
knowledge. Science lacks the authority to assign moral or ethical significance to
its findings. People who apply science provide that value. Science has
determined that it is amazingly powerful. This power has been seen by humanity
throughout World War. The power of nuclear energy has also been seen by
humanity in the millions of households that get their electricity from it today. In
this instance, the application establishes morality. Pure science should not assign
moral judgment to what it has discovered; rather, those who will employ the
discoveries and those who will be affected should make that assessment.
4. Magnify
-How is eugenics a classic example of the perversion of scientific knowledge?
Eugenics is a classic example of the perversion of scientific knowledge. Because

the chemical reaction between human races has changed as a result of
eugenics experimentation. They overlook the less acceptable for their own costs
in their willingness to better races and rise over others. Eugenics had a significant
role in the growth of the American people as one of the world's most powerful
races. They were developed and given more importance as a result of
eugenics. The less desirable races are thus denied the opportunity to
demonstrate their true selves. Social inequality, discrimination, and poverty are
products of eugenics. It allowed the equal to be unfair.
-The author is a modern eugenicist who aims to both prevent and cure those
with genetic disabilities. He pointed out that with the recent advances in
genetics and molecular biology, prenatal diagnosis is possible offering parents
the choice of whether or not to terminate a pregnancy. As a parent in the
future, would you consider abortion of embryos or fetuses which are pre-
diagnosed to have genetic disabilities (i.e. a child with muscular dystrophy,
cystic fibrosis, bed-ridden, or without limbs) legalized in our country? Why or why
not?
As a parent in the future, it depends on the situation to legalize abortion of

embryos or fetuses which are prediagnosed to have genetic disabilities in our
country because there are women who survive rape cases, and since puberty is
one of our country's problems, some of the women who experienced this kind of
a situation do not have the capability to have their own lawyers to defend them
in order to have justice on their side, and justice sometimes depends on the
amount of money that their clients can offer. Also, justice is a problem in our
country because not all victims are victims of crime; sometimes they are victims
of justice because they will be turned into perpetrators.
5. Step Up
Lewis quoted Carey (1995), ‘The real antithesis of science seems to be not
theology but politics. Whereas science is a sphere of knowledge and
understanding, politics is a sphere of opinion.’ Lewis has further explained how
politics influences the public on issues related to science. How important and
influential are politicians to society in relation to science? (You may give some
instances.) Do you think religious leaders and politicians should be scientifically
literate?
The relationship between sciences and politicians in our society is important.

Because some scientists are willing to say that politics is a part of science. Why
would they not? As the gold standard of objectivity and separate it from the
imperfection of human nature by equating it with terms like "unbiased" and
"rational." It makes sense to relate those ideas to science. Since the scientific
method is so powerful, it would be difficult to find a more objective means to
learn about the true nature of nature. However, there is a crucial difference
between science and the scientific method. In reality, conducting scientific
research is a social activity that is essentially political. For a moment, consider
that you were going to find a new nation today. There are some things you'd be
forced to do by default, like making laws. The funding of science is not a default
position when establishing a nation. Rather, it is a choice our society made and
continues to make as we adopt the new funds and policies. Since the first
individual decided it would be a good idea to do research and then pushed
their neighbors to provide funds to do so, science and politics have been
intertwined. Science cannot be conducted in a closed space; it needs the
approval of society. By morals of being governed by society and subject to its
political will.
6. Conclude.
Write your conclusion by answering the title of the essay itself – ‘Is science
dangerous?’ Elaborate on your answer. (You can take inspiration from the essay
itself.)
Is Science Dangerous? Upon reading the article's contents, which included
technology, reproduction (including cloning, genes, and stem cells), social
responsibility, eugenics, and politics, caught my attention as I read it. The title is
interesting as well, but if I were to respond after reading the provided
background, I may reply that science is both harmful and not. Dangerous in the
idea that discoveries are not utilized for the greater benefit but rather for
improper purposes. We cannot ignore the fact that some people who are
inclined toward science are under pressure from their curiosity, despite the
numerous safety precautions that are being put in place. On the other hand,
science has also produced some beneficial effects, such as the convenience
we enjoy today. It is difficult to make a judgment since, in the end, we cannot
be confident of what the future holds for us; only time will tell.

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COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE

SCIENCE 100 | AR II-2B-F

MODULE NO: Module 1.

MODULE TITLE: Assay Reading (Lewis Wolpert’s the Medawar Lecture)

DATE DUE: FEBRUARY 7, 2023

DATE SUBMITTED: FEBRUARY 7, 2023

b. The effects of GMOs on the ecosystem.

c. Conflation of science and technology

e. Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE)

a. I believed at the time that science and technology were universal.

Eugenics is a classic example of the perversion of scientific knowledge. Because

As a parent in the future, it depends on the situation to legalize abortion of

The relationship between sciences and politicians in our society is important.

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