Lesson 11

LESSON 11
ENVIRONMENTAL CRISIS
AND
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
THE WORLD'S LEADING
ENVIRONMENTALPROBLEMS
THE CONSERVE ENERGY FUTURE WEBSITE
LISTS THE FOLLOWING ENVIRONMENTAL
CHALLENGES THAT THE WORLD FACES TODAY
1. DEPREDATION IN LAND;DEFILLING OF DIFF.

TYPES OF WATER AND DUMPING OF URBAN
WASTES
2. CHANGES IN THE GLOBAL WEATHER PATTERN;

SURGE IN OCEAN AND LAND TEMPERATURE
LEADING TO A RISE IN SEA LEVELS; FLOODING
3. OVERPOPULATION
4. EXHAUSTION OF THE WORLD'S NATURAL NON-

RENEWABLE RESOURCES FROM OIL RESERVES
TO MINERALS TO POTABLE WATER
5. A WASTE DISPOSAL CATASTROPHE

6. DESTRUCTION OF MILLION-YEAR OLD

ECOSYSTEMS; LOSS OF BIODIVERSITY
7. REDUCTION OF OXYGEN; INCREASE IN

CARBON DIOXIDE IN THE ATMOSPHERE BECAUSE
OF THE DEFORESTATION
8. DEPLETION OF THE OZONE LAYER

PROTECTING THE PLANET FROM THE SUN'S
DEADLY ULTRAVIOLET RAYS DIE TO
CHLOROFLUOROCARBONS IN THE ATMOSPHERE.
9. DEADLY ACID RAINS AS A RESULT OF FOSSIL

FUEL COMBINATION, TOXIC CHEMICALS FROM
ERUPTING VOLCANOES
10. WATER POPULATION ARISING FROM

INDUSTRIAL AND COMMUNITY WASTE RESIDUES
SEEPING INTO UNDERGROUND WATER, TABLES,
RIVERS AND SEAS.
11. URBAN SPRAWLS THAT CONTINUE TO

EXPAND AS A CITY TURN INTO A MEGAPOLIS
12. PANDEMIC AND OTHER THREATS TO PUBLIC

HEALTH; POLLUTED ENVIRONMENTS THAT
BECAME BREEDING GROUNDS FOR MOSQUITOES
13. A RADICAL ALTERATION OF FOOD SYSTEMS

BECAUSE OF GENETIC MODIFICATIONS IN FOOD
PRODUCTION
Many of these problems are caused by natural
changes.Volcanic eruptions release toxins in the atmosphere
and lower the world's temperature.
KILAUEA VOLCANO IN HAWAII
Release as twice as much noxious sulfur dioxide gas than
the dirtiest power plant on US mainland.
MOUNT PINATUBO
Erupted on June 15, 2001, brought down the average
global temperature by 0.6 degrees Celsius for the next 15
months.
MAN-MADE POLLUTION
In Saudi Arabia, sandstorms with
combustion exhaust from traffic and
industrial waste has lead the WHO to
declare the Riyadh as one of the most
polluted cities in the world.
Coal fumes contaminated China's soil
which affects the rice lands and
threaten the food supply.
Air pollution in
Greenpeace India was
at its worst.
94 percent of Nigeria's
population is exposed to air
population that the WHO
warned as reaching the
dangerous level.
Gaborone, Botswana is the
7th most polluted in the
city in the world.
Emission of aerosols and other gases from car exhaust, burning of wood or garbage, indoor-
cooking, and diesel-fueled electric generators and petrochemical plants are projected to
quadruple by 2030.
The biggest copper mine in Malanjkhand in India discharges high levels of toxic heavt metals into
water streams.
Coal mines in West Virginia have pumped ''chemical laden wastewater directly into the ground
that leech into the water table and turn what had been drinkable
Stratospheres and scientists are now linking Pacific storms to the spread of pollution in Asia
Aerosol is tagged as the culprit in changing rainfall patternsin Asia and the Atlantic Ocean. The
climate disruptions have similarly caused drought all over Asia and Africa and accelerated the
pace of desertification in the certain areas.
In 2013, as a result of industrialization, 28,000 of these rivers had disappeared.
People's health has been severely compromised.
It has been the poor who are most severely affected by these environmental problems.
One of the major ironies of urban pollutions is that the necessities that the poor has access to are
also the sources of the problems.
Mode of transportation that the poor can afford greatly contribute to the pollution.
CATCHING UP
Because of the government's wish to make their country more industrialized, urbanized and
centralized, the environment suffers and it became a problem that is difficult to resolve.
The model of this deal modern society is the US, which until the 1970's, was a global economic power,
with a middle class that wad the envy of the world. However, they did not reach this high point without
serious environmental consequences.
These ecological consequences are far from the mind of countries like China, India and Indonesia
which are now in the midst of the frenzied effort to achieve and sustain economic growth to catch up
with the West.
These ''extractive'' economies are ''terminal'' economies. Their resources, which will eventually be
depleted, are also sources of the pollution.
This issue begs the question: How is environmental sustainability ensured while simultaneously
addressing the development needs of poor countries?

These ecological concerns become worldwide due to

The greenhouse effect is responsible for recurring
global warming, which transcends
heat waves and long droughts in certain
national boundaries.
places, as well as for heavier rainfall and devastating

hurricanes and typhoons in others.

Global warming is the result of billions of tons of

carbon dioxide, various air pollutants, and

Since human-made climate change threatens the
other gases accumulating in the atmosphere.
entire world, it is possibly the greatest

present risk to humankind.

These pollutants trap the sun`s radiation causing the

warming of the earth`s surface, with

the current amount of carbon dioxide and other gases,
this “greenhouse effect” has sped
up the rise in the world temperature.
COMBATING GLOBAL WARMING
In 1997, 192 countries signed the Kyoto Protocol to reduce greenhouse gases, following
the 1992 United Nations Earth Summit where a Framework Convention for Climate
Change was finalized.
US – the biggest polluter in the world – is not joining the effort.

o Developing countries lack the funds to implement the protocol`s guidelines.

Kyoto Protocol is the Paris Accord, Negotiated by 195 countries in December of 2015. It
seeks to limit the increase in the global average temperature based on targeted goals as
recommended by scientists.
- Social movements, however, have had better success working together, with some
pressure on their governments to regulate global warming.
- The imperative now is for everyone to set up these kinds of coalitions on a global scale.
THANK YOU
FOR
LISTENING!

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LESSON 11

1. DEPREDATION IN LAND;DEFILLING OF DIFF.

2. CHANGES IN THE GLOBAL WEATHER PATTERN;

4. EXHAUSTION OF THE WORLD'S NATURAL NON-

5. A WASTE DISPOSAL CATASTROPHE

6. DESTRUCTION OF MILLION-YEAR OLD

7. REDUCTION OF OXYGEN; INCREASE IN

8. DEPLETION OF THE OZONE LAYER

9. DEADLY ACID RAINS AS A RESULT OF FOSSIL

10. WATER POPULATION ARISING FROM

11. URBAN SPRAWLS THAT CONTINUE TO

12. PANDEMIC AND OTHER THREATS TO PUBLIC

13. A RADICAL ALTERATION OF FOOD SYSTEMS

These ecological concerns become worldwide due to

hurricanes and typhoons in others.

carbon dioxide, various air pollutants, and

present risk to humankind.

warming of the earth`s surface, with

US – the biggest polluter in the world – is not joining the effort.

o Developing countries lack the funds to implement the protocol`s guidelines.

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