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    ardini azmir
    This document provides a tutorial on thermohemistry with 6 sections - A) Exothermic and endothermic reactions, B) Enthalpy and enthalpy change, C) Calorimetry, D) Hess's law, and questions related to each section. The questions cover concepts such as identifying exothermic and endothermic processes, calculating enthalpy changes, using calorimetry data to determine enthalpies of reaction and combustion, and applying Hess's law to calculate enthalpy changes from standard enthalpies of formation.

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    5 6159233249949255946 PDF

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    ardini azmir
    62 views5 pages
    This document provides a tutorial on thermohemistry with 6 sections - A) Exothermic and endothermic reactions, B) Enthalpy and enthalpy change, C) Calorimetry, D) Hess's law, and questions related to each section. The questions cover concepts such as identifying exothermic and endothermic processes, calculating enthalpy changes, using calorimetry data to determine enthalpies of reaction and combustion, and applying Hess's law to calculate enthalpy changes from standard enthalpies of formation.

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    This document provides a tutorial on thermohemistry with 6 sections - A) Exothermic and endothermic reactions, B) Enthalpy and enthalpy change, C) Calorimetry, D) Hess's law, and questions related to each section. The questions cover concepts such as identifying exothermic and endothermic processes, calculating enthalpy changes, using calorimetry data to determine enthalpies of reaction and combustion, and applying Hess's law to calculate enthalpy changes from standard enthalpies of formation.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    62 views5 pages

    5 6159233249949255946 PDF

    Uploaded by

    ardini azmir
    This document provides a tutorial on thermohemistry with 6 sections - A) Exothermic and endothermic reactions, B) Enthalpy and enthalpy change, C) Calorimetry, D) Hess's law, and questions related to each section. The questions cover concepts such as identifying exothermic and endothermic processes, calculating enthalpy changes, using calorimetry data to determine enthalpies of reaction and combustion, and applying Hess's law to calculate enthalpy changes from standard enthalpies of formation.

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    of 5

    CHM271: PRINCIPLES OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY

    TUTORIAL 1
    THERMOCHEMISTRY

    Prepared by: Rosmawati Abdul Aziz, Northaqifah Hasna Mohamed Khir

    A. Exothermic & Endothermic

    QUESTION 1

    Distinguish between exothermic reaction and endothermic reaction.

    QUESTION 2

    Identify the following processes as exothermic or endothermic. Briefly explain.

    a) Dissolving solid KBr in water


    b) Burning natural gas (CH4) in a furnace
    c) Cooking an egg
    d) Decomposition of HgO to Hg and O2
    e) Melting solid salt

    QUESTION 3

    Reaction between methane and chlorine is:

    CH4(g) + 2Cl2(g) → CCl4(l) + 2H2(g)

    and given; ΔH˚f CCl4 (l) = –128.4 kJ/mol, ΔH˚f CH4(g) = -75kJ/mol

    Based on the above information,


    a) Calculate the enthalpy change for the reaction.
    b) Sketch the energy profile diagram for the reaction.
    - 53.4 kJ/mol

    1
    B. Enthalpy and Enthalpy Change

    QUESTION 1

    Define the following terms:

    a) Standard enthalpy of combustion


    b) Standard enthalpy of formation
    c) Standard enthalpy of reaction

    QUESTION 2

    Write a balance equation for the following reactions:

    a) Standard enthalpy of formation of liquid propanol, C3H7OH


    b) Standard enthalpy of combustion of liquid ethanol, C2H5OH
    c) Standard enthalpy of formation of solid glucose, C6H12O6
    d) Standard enthalpy of combustion of liquid octane, C8H18

    QUESTION 3

    Given the following H values,

    H2(g) + ½O2(g) → H2O(l) H = -285.8 kJ/mol


    H2O2(l) → H2(g) + O2(g) H = 187.6 kJ/mol

    Calculate the standard enthalpy for the following reaction:


    H2O2(l) → H2O(l) + ½O2(g)
    - 98.2 kJ/mol

    QUESTION 4

    Use data from Thermodynamic Data at 1 atm and 25 ºC, compute the H rxn for the
    following reaction:

    a) H2O(l) + CO2 (aq) → H2CO3 (aq)


    b) H3PO4(aq) + 3OH-(aq) → 3H2O(l) + PO4-3 (aq)
    c) CH4 (g) + 2O2 (g) → 2H2O(g) + CO2 (g)
    d) 2CH4 (g) + 3O2 (g) → 4H2O(g) + 2CO(g)

    a) - 0.02 kJ/mol, b) - 167.91 kJ/mol


    c) - 802.335 kJ/mol, d) - 1038.702 kJ/mol

    2
    C. Calorimetry

    QUESTION 1

    Define the following terms:


    a) Specific heat capacity of a substance
    b) Heat capacity of a substance

    QUESTION 2

    Given the specific heat capacity of liquid water is 4.18 J/g K. Calculate the energy required
    to heat 1.0 mol of water from 298K to 362 K.
    - 4.815 kJ/mol

    QUESTION 3

    A 1 g sample of octane (C8H18) is burned in a bomb calorimeter containing 1200 grams of


    water at an initial temperature of 25.00 oC. After the reaction, the final temperature of
    the water is 33.20ºC. The heat capacity of the calorimeter is 837 J g- 1K-1. The specific
    heat of water is 4.184 Jg-1K-1. Calculate the enthalpy of combustion of octane in kJ/mol.

    - 5,477.08 kJmol-1

    QUESTION 4

    1.922 g methanol (CH3OH) was burned in a constant-volume bomb calorimeter.


    Consequently, the temperature of the water rose by 4.20 °C. If the quantity of water
    surrounding the calorimeter was exactly 2000 g and the heat capacity of the calorimeter
    was 2.02 kJ°C-1, calculate the enthalpy of combustion of methanol. Assume the specific
    heat capacity of CH3OH is 4.184 Jg-1°C-1. (Relative atomic mass of C=12; 0=16; H=1)

    - 727.16 kJmol-1
    QUESTION 5

    The enthalpy of combustion of glucose, C6H12O6 is -2803 kJ. A mass of 1.00 g glucose is
    combusted in a bomb calorimeter. If the calorimeter contains 875 g H2O and the bomb
    has a heat capacity of 475 JoC-1, what is the temperature increase of the bomb
    calorimeter? The specific heat capacity of water is 4.184 J K-1 g-1 and the molar mass of
    glucose is 180.2 g mol-1.
    3.76 K

    QUESTION 6

    The enthalpy of combustion of liquid ethylene glycol, C2H6O2 is -1189.2 kJ/mol. In an


    experiment 4.34 g of this compound was burnt completely and the heat evolved raised
    the temperature of y g of water from 27.5 oC to 45.5 oC. Given specific heat capacity of
    water = 4.2 J g-1°C -1.

    3
    a) Write the thermochemical equation for the heat of combustion of C2H6O2(l)
    b) Calculate the value of y (mass of water used)
    b) 1101.11g

    QUESTION 7

    The heat evolved from the combustion of 0.94g ethanol raises the temperature of 250
    cm3 water contained in a copper beaker by 20.0 °C. Given specific heat capacity of solution
    = 4.18 Jg-1 °C-1 and density of solution = 1.0 g cm-3.

    a) What is the enthalpy of combustion of ethanol?


    b) Calculate the temperature rise when 1.50 g ethanol is used to heat 500 cm3
    water in the same copper beaker.
    a) - 1045 kJ/mol, b) 16.30 K

    D. Hess’s Law

    QUESTION 1

    State Hess’s Law.

    QUESTION 2

    Calculate the enthalpy change for the reaction:

    C2H4(g) + H2(g) → C2H6(g)

    Given the following data:


    i. C2H4(g) + 3O2(g) → 2CO2(g) + 2H2O(l) ΔHo = - 1410.9 kJ/mol
    ii. 2C2H6(g) + 7O2(g) → 4CO2(g) + 6H2O(l) ΔHo = - 3119.4 kJ/mol
    iii. 2H2(g) + O2(g) → 2H2O(l) ΔHo = - 571.6 kJ/mol

    - 137 kJ/mol

    QUESTION 3

    Calculate the enthalpy change for the reaction:

    C2H2(g) + H2(g) → C2H6(g)

    Given that:
    i. 2C2H2(g) + 5O2(g) → 4CO2(g) + 2H2O(l) ΔHo = - 2599 kJ/mol
    ii. 2C2H6(g) + 7O2(g) → 4CO2(g) + 6H2O(l) ΔHo = - 3119 kJ/mol
    iii. 2H2(g) + O2(g) → 2H2O(l) ΔHo = - 572 kJ/mol
    - 312 kJ/mol

    4
    QUESTION 4

    The enthalpy of combustion of methane, CH4(g) is -891 kJ/mol. Calculate the enthalpy
    of formation of methane if the enthalpy of formation of carbon dioxide and water are -
    394 kJ/mol and -286 kJ/mol respectively. Chemical equation for formation of
    methane:

    C(s) + 2H2(g) → CH4(g)

    Given,
    i. CH4(g) + 2O2(g) → 2H2O(g) + CO2(g) ΔH = - 891 kJ/mol
    ii. C(s) + O2(g) → CO2(g) ΔH = - 394 kJ/mol
    iii. H2(g) + ½ O2 → H2O (g) ΔH = - 286 kJ/mol

    - 75 kJ/mol
    QUESTION 5

    Calculate the standard enthalpy of formation of liquid methanol, CH3OH(l), using the
    following information:

    C (graphite) + 2H2(g) + ½ O2(g) → CH3OH(l)

    Given:
    i. C (graphite) + O2 → CO2(g) ΔHo = - 393.5 kJ/mol
    ii. H2(g) + ½ O2 → H2O(l) ΔHo = - 285.8 kJ/mol
    iii. CH3OH(l) + 3⁄
    2 O2(g) → CO2(g) + 2H2O(l) ΔHo = - 726.4 kJ/mol

    - 238.7 kJ/mol

    QUESTION 6

    Calculate ΔH for this reaction:

    CH4(g) + NH3(g) → HCN(g) + 3H2(g)

    Given:
    i. N2(g) + 3H2(g) → 2NH3(g) ΔH = -91.8 kJ/mol
    ii. C(s) + 2H2(g) → CH4(g) ΔH = -74.9 kJ/mol
    iii. H2(g) + 2C(s) + N2(g) → 2HCN(g) ΔH = +270.3 kJ/mol
    + 255.95 kJ/mol

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