CHAPTER 2

CARBOHYDRA TES AND

ARBOHYDRATES
CARBOHYDRATE MET
ARBOHYDRATE ABOLISM
ETABOLISM

1. The general formula of monosaccharides 9. Two sugars which differ from one another
is only in configuration around a single
(A) CnH2nOn (B) C2nH2On carbon atom are termed
(C) CnH2O2n (D) CnH 2nO2n (A) Epimers (B) Anomers
2. The general formula of polysaccharides (C) Optical isomers (D) Stereoisomers
is
10. Isomers differing as a result of variations
(A) (C6H 10O5)n (B) (C6 H12O5)n in configuration of the —OH and —H on
(C) (C6H 10O6)n (D) (C6 H10O6)n carbon atoms 2, 3 and 4 of glucose are
known as
3. The aldose sugar is
(A) Glycerose (B) Ribulose (A) Epimers (B) Anomers
(C) Erythrulose (D) Dihydoxyacetone (C) Optical isomers (D) Steroisomers

4. A triose sugar is 11. The most important epimer of glucose is

(A) Glycerose (B) Ribose (A) Galactose (B) Fructose
(C) Erythrose (D) Fructose (C) Arabinose (D) Xylose
5. A pentose sugar is
12. α-D-glucose and β -D-glucose are
(A) Dihydroxyacetone (B) Ribulose
(C) Erythrose (D) Glucose (A) Stereoisomers (B) Epimers
(C) Anomers (D) Keto-aldo pairs
6. The pentose sugar present mainly in the
heart muscle is 13. α-D-glucose + 1120 → + 52.50 ← + 190 β-
(A) Lyxose (B) Ribose D-glucose for glucose above represents
(C) Arabinose (D) Xylose (A) Optical isomerism (B) Mutarotation
7. Polysaccharides are (C) Epimerisation (D) D and L isomerism
(A) Polymers (B) Acids 14. Compounds having the same structural
(C) Proteins (D) Oils formula but differing in spatial
configuration are known as
8. The number of isomers of glucose is
(A) Stereoisomers (B) Anomers
(A) 2 (B) 4
(C) 8 (D) 16 (C) Optical isomers (D) Epimers
6 MCQs IN BIOCHEMISTRY

15. In glucose the orientation of the —H and (C) Glucose + galactose

—OH groups around the carbon atom 5 (D) Glucose + mannose
adjacent to the terminal primary alcohol
carbon determines 25. The monosaccharide units are linked by
1 → 4 glycosidic linkage in
(A) D or L series
(A) Maltose (B) Sucrose
(B) Dextro or levorotatory
(C) Cellulose (D) Cellobiose
(C) α and β anomers
(D) Epimers 26. Which of the following is a non-reducing
sugar?
16. The carbohydrate of the blood group
substances is (A) Isomaltose (B) Maltose
(C) Lactose (D) Trehalose
(A) Sucrose (B) Fucose
(C) Arabinose (D) Maltose 27. Which of the following is a reducing
sugar?
17. Erythromycin contains
(A) Sucrose (B) Trehalose
(A) Dimethyl amino sugar
(C) Isomaltose (D) Agar
(B) Trimethyl amino sugar
(C) Sterol and sugar
(D) Glycerol and sugar 28. A dissaccharide formed by 1,1-glycosidic
linkage between their monosaccharide
18. A sugar alcohol is units is
(A) Mannitol (B) Trehalose (A) Lactose (B) Maltose
(C) Xylulose (D) Arabinose (C) Trehalose (D) Sucrose
19. The major sugar of insect hemolymph is 29. A dissaccharide formed by 1,1-glycosidic
(A) Glycogen (B) Pectin linkage between their monosaccharide
(C) Trehalose (D) Sucrose units is
(A) Lactose (B) Maltose
20. The sugar found in DNA is
(C) Trehalose (D) Sucrose
(A) Xylose (B) Ribose
(C) Deoxyribose (D) Ribulose 30. Mutarotation refers to change in
(A) pH (B) Optical rotation
21. The sugar found in RNA is
(C) Conductance (D) Chemical properties
(A) Ribose (B) Deoxyribose
(C) Ribulose (D) Erythrose 31. A polysacchharide which is often called
animal starch is
22. The sugar found in milk is
(A) Glycogen (B) Starch
(A) Galactose (B) Glucose (C) Inulin (D) Dextrin
(C) Fructose (D) Lactose
32. The homopolysaccharide used for
23. Invert sugar is intravenous infusion as plasma substitute
(A) Lactose (B) Sucrose is
(C) Hydrolytic products of sucrose (A) Agar (B) Inulin
(D) Fructose (C) Pectin (D) Starch

24. Sucrose consists of 33. The polysaccharide used in assessing the

glomerular fittration rate (GFR) is
(A) Glucose + glucose
(B) Glucose + fructose (A) Glycogen (B) Agar
(C) Inulin (D) Hyaluronic acid
CARBOHYDRATES AND CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM 7

34. The constituent unit of inulin is 43. A polymer of glucose synthesized by the
(A) Glucose (B) Fructose action of leuconostoc mesenteroids in a
sucrose medium is
(C) Mannose (D) Galactose
(A) Dextrans (B) Dextrin
35. The polysaccharide found in the (C) Limit dextrin (D) Inulin
exoskeleton of invertebrates is
44. Glucose on reduction with sodium
(A) Pectin (B) Chitin
amalgam forms
(C) Cellulose (D) Chondroitin sulphate
(A) Dulcitol (B) Sorbitol
36. Which of the following is a heteroglycan? (C) Mannitol (D) Mannitol and sorbitol
(A) Dextrins (B) Agar 45. Glucose on oxidation does not give
(C) Inulin (D) Chitin
(A) Glycoside (B) Glucosaccharic acid
37. The glycosaminoglycan which does not (C) Gluconic acid (D) Glucuronic acid
contain uronic acid is
46. Oxidation of galactose with conc HNO3
(A) Dermatan sulphate yields
(B) Chondroitin sulphate (A) Mucic acid (B) Glucuronic acid
(C) Keratan sulphate (C) Saccharic acid (D) Gluconic acid
(D) Heparan sulphate
47. A positive Benedict’s test is not given by
38. The glycosaminoglycan which does not (A) Sucrose (B) Lactose
contain uronic acid is
(C) Maltose (D) Glucose
(A) Hyaluronic acid
48. Starch is a
(B) Heparin
(C) Chondroitin sulphate (A) Polysaccharide (B) Monosaccharide
(C) Disaccharide (D) None of these
(D) Dermatan sulphate
49. A positive Seliwanoff’s test is obtained
39. Keratan sulphate is found in abundance
with
in
(A) Glucose (B) Fructose
(A) Heart muscle (B) Liver
(C) Lactose (D) Maltose
(C) Adrenal cortex (D) Cornea
50. Osazones are not formed with the
40. Repeating units of hyaluronic acid are
(A) Glucose (B) Fructose
(A) N-acetyl glucosamine and D-glucuronic acid
(C) Sucrose (D) Lactose
(B) N-acetyl galactosamine and D-glucuronic
acid 51. The most abundant carbohydrate found
(C) N-acetyl glucosamine and galactose in nature is
(D) N-acetyl galactosamine and L- iduronic acid (A) Starch (B) Glycogen
(C) Cellulose (D) Chitin
41. The approximate number of branches in
amylopectin is 52. Impaired renal function is indicated when
the amount of PSP excreted in the first 15
(A) 10 (B) 20
minutes is
(C) 40 (D) 80
(A) 20% (B) 35%
42. In amylopectin the intervals of glucose (C) 40% (D) 45%
units of each branch is
53. An early feature of renal disease is
(A) 10–20 (B) 24–30
(C) 30–40 (D) 40–50 (A) Impairment of the capacity of the tubule to
perform osmotic work
8 MCQs IN BIOCHEMISTRY

(B) Decrease in maximal tubular excretory 62. Fructose is present in hydrolysate of

capacity (A) Sucrose (B) Inulin
(C) Decrease in filtration factor (C) Both of the above (D) None of these
(D) Decrease in renal plasma flow
63. A carbohydrate found in DNA is
54. ADH test is based on the measurement of (A) Ribose (B) Deoxyribose
(A) Specific gravity of urine (C) Ribulose (D) All of these
(B) Concentration of urea in urine 64. Ribulose is a these
(C) Concentration of urea in blood
(A) Ketotetrose (B) Aldotetrose
(D) Volume of urine in ml/minute
(C) Ketopentose (D) Aldopentose
55. The specific gravity of urine normally 65. A carbohydrate, commonly known as
ranges from dextrose is
(A) 0.900–0.999 (B) 1.003–1.030 (A) Dextrin (B) D-Fructose
(C) 1.000–1.001 (D) 1.101–1.120 (C) D-Glucose (D) Glycogen
56. Specific gravity of urine increases in 66. A carbohydrate found only in milk is
(A) Diabetes mellitus (A) Glucose (B) Galactose
(B) Chronic glomerulonephritis (C) Lactose (D) Maltose
(C) Compulsive polydypsia
67. A carbohydrate, known commonly as
(D) Hypercalcemia invert sugar, is
57. Fixation of specific gravity of urine to (A) Fructose (B) Sucrose
1.010 is found in (C) Glucose (D) Lactose
(A) Diabetes insipidus 68. A heteropolysacchraide among the
(B) Compulsive polydypsia following is
(C) Cystinosis (A) Inulin (B) Cellulose
(D) Chronic glomerulonephritis (C) Heparin (D) Dextrin
58. Addis test is the measure of 69. The predominant form of glucose in
solution is
(A) Impairment of the capacity of the tubule to
perform osmotic work (A) Acyclic form
(B) Secretory function of liver (B) Hydrated acyclic form
(C) Excretory function of liver (C) Glucofuranose
(D) Activity of parenchymal cells of liver (D) Glucopyranose
70. An L-isomer of monosaccharide formed in
59. Number of stereoisomers of glucose is
human body is
(A) 4 (B) 8
(A) L-fructose (B) L-Erythrose
(C) 16 (D) None of these
(C) L-Xylose (D) L-Xylulose
60. Maltose can be formed by hydrolysis of
71. Hyaluronic acid is found in
(A) Starch (B) Dextrin (A) Joints (B) Brain
(C) Glycogen (D) All of these (C) Abdomen (D) Mouth
61. α –D–Glucuronic acid is present in 72. The carbon atom which becomes
(A) Hyaluronic acid (B) Chondroitin sulphate asymmetric when the straight chain form
of monosaccharide changes into ring
(C) Heparin (D) All of these
form is known as
CARBOHYDRATES AND CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM 9

(A) Anomeric carbon atom 82. Lactate formed in muscles can be utilised
(B) Epimeric carbon atom through
(C) Isomeric carbon atom (A) Rapoport-Luebeling cycle
(D) None of these (B) Glucose-alanine cycle
(C) Cori’s cycle
73. The smallest monosaccharide having
furanose ring structure is (D) Citric acid cycle
(A) Erythrose (B) Ribose 83. Glucose-6-phosphatase is not present in
(C) Glucose (D) Fructose (A) Liver and kidneys
74. Which of the following is an epimeric pair? (B) Kidneys and muscles
(A) Glucose and fructose (C) Kidneys and adipose tissue
(B) Glucose and galactose (D) Muscles and adipose tissue
(C) Galactose and mannose 84. Pyruvate carboxylase is regulated by
(D) Lactose and maltose (A) Induction (B) Repression
75. α-Glycosidic bond is present in (C) Allosteric regulation(D) All of these
(A) Lactose (B) Maltose 85. Fructose-2, 6-biphosphate is formed by
(C) Sucrose (D) All of these the action of

76. Branching occurs in glycogen approxi- (A) Phosphofructokinase-1

mately after every (B) Phosphofructokinase-2
(A) Five glucose units (C) Fructose biphosphate isomerase
(B) Ten glucose units (D) Fructose-1, 6-biphosphatase
(C) Fifteen glucose units 86. The highest concentrations of fructose are
(D) Twenty glucose units found in

77. N–Acetylglucosamnine is present in (A) Aqueous humor (B) Vitreous humor

(C) Synovial fluid (D) Seminal fluid
(A) Hyaluronic acid (B) Chondroitin sulphate
(C) Heparin (D) All of these 87. Glucose uptake by liver cells is

78. Iodine gives a red colour with (A) Energy-consuming (B) A saturable process
(C) Insulin-dependent (D) Insulin-independent
(A) Starch (B) Dextrin
(C) Glycogen (D) Inulin 88. Renal threshold for glucose is decreased
in
79. Amylose is a constituent of
(A) Diabetes mellitus (B) Insulinoma
(A) Starch (B) Cellulose
(C) Renal glycosuria (D) Alimentary glycosuria
(C) Glycogen (D) None of these
89. Active uptake of glucose is inhibited by
80. Synovial fluid contains
(A) Ouabain (B) Phlorrizin
(A) Heparin
(C) Digoxin (D) Alloxan
(B) Hyaluronic acid
(C) Chondroitin sulphate 90. Glucose-6-phosphatase is absent or
(D) Keratin sulphate deficient in
(A) Von Gierke’s disease
81. Gluconeogenesis is decreased by
(B) Pompe’s disease
(A) Glucagon (B) Epinephrine
(C) Cori’s disease
(C) Glucocorticoids (D) Insulin
(D) McArdle’s disease
10 MCQs IN BIOCHEMISTRY

91. Debranching enzyme is absent in 100. An amphibolic pathway among the

(A) Cori’s disease following is
(B) Andersen’s disease (A) HMP shunt (B) Glycolysis
(C) Von Gierke’s disease (C) Citirc acid cycle (D) Gluconeogenesis
(D) Her’s disease 101. Cori’s cycle transfers
92. McArdle’s disease is due to the deficiency (A) Glucose from muscles to liver
of (B) Lactate from muscles to liver
(A) Glucose-6-phosphatase (C) Lactate from liver to muscles
(B) Phosphofructokinase (D) Pyruvate from liver to muscles
(C) Liver phosphorylase
102. Excessive intake of ethanol increases the
(D) muscle phosphorylase ratio:
93. Tautomerisation is (A) NADH : NAD+ (B) NAD+ : NADH
(A) Shift of hydrogen (B) Shift of carbon (C) FADH2 : FAD (D) FAD : FADH2
(C) Shift of both (D) None of these 103. Ethanol decreases gluconeogenesis by
94. In essential pentosuria, urine contains (A) Inhibiting glucose-6-phosphatase
(A) D-Ribose (B) D-Xylulose (B) Inhibiting PEP carboxykinase
(C) L-Xylulose (D) D-Xylose (C) Converting NAD+ into NADH and decreasing
the availability of pyruvate
95. Action of salivary amylase on starch leads
(D) Converting NAD+ into NADH and decreasing
to the formation of
the availability of lactate
(A) Maltose (B) Maltotriose
104. Glycogenin is
(C) Both of the above (D) Neither of these
(A) Uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation
96. Congenital galactosaemia can lead to
(B) Polymer of glycogen molecules
(A) Mental retardation (C) Protein primer for glycogen synthesis
(B) Premature cataract (D) Intermediate in glycogen breakdown
(C) Death
105. During starvation, ketone bodies are used
(D) All of the above
as a fuel by
97. Uridine diphosphate glucose (UDPG) is (A) Erythrocytes (B) Brain
(A) Required for metabolism of galactose (C) Liver (D) All of these
(B) Required for synthesis of glucuronic acid
106. Animal fat is in general
(C) A substrate for glycogen synthetase
(A) Poor in saturated and rich in polyunsaturated
(D) All of the above
fatty acids
98. Catalytic activity of salivary amylase (B) Rich in saturated and poor in polyunsaturated
requires the presence of fatty acids
(A) Chloride ions (B) Bromide ions (C) Rich in saturated and polyunsaturated fatty
(C) Iodide ions (D) All of these acids
(D) Poor in saturated and polyunsaturated fatty
99. The following is actively absorbed in the
acids
intestine:
(A) Fructose (B) Mannose 107. In the diet of a diabetic patient, the
recommended carbohydrate intake
(C) Galactose (D) None of these
should preferably be in the form of
CARBOHYDRATES AND CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM 11

(A) Monosaccharides (B) Dissaccharides 116. Heavy proteinuria occurs in

(C) Polysaccharides (D) All of these (A) Acute glomerulonephritis
(B) Acute pyelonephritis
108. Obesity increases the risk of
(C) Nephrosclerosis
(A) Hypertension
(D) Nephrotic syndrome
(B) Diabetes mellitus
117. Mucopolysaccharides are
(C) Cardiovascular disease
(D) All of these (A) Hamopolysaccharides
(B) Hetropolysaccharides
109. Worldwide, the most common vitamin (C) Proteins
deficiency is that of
(D) Amino acids
(A) Ascorbic acid (B) Folic acid
118. Bence-Jones protein precipitates at
(C) Vitamin A (D) Vitamin D
(A) 20°–40° C (B) 40–-60° C
110. Consumption of iodised salt is recom- (C) 60°–80° C (D) 80°–100° C
mended for prevention of
119. Serum cholesterol is decreased in
(A) Hypertension (B) Hyperthyroidism
(A) Endemic goitre (B) Thyrotoxicosis
(C) Endemic goitre (D) None of these
(C) Myxoedema (D) Cretinism
111. Restriction of salt intake is generally
120. The heptose ketose sugar formed as a
recommended in result of chemical reaction in HMP shunt:
(A) Diabetes mellitus (B) Hypertension (A) Sedoheptulose (B) Galactoheptose
(C) Cirrhosis of liver (D) Peptic ulcer (C) Glucoheptose (D) Mannoheptose
112. Polyuria can occur in 121. The general formula for polysaccharide is
(A) Diabetes mellitus (A) (C6H 12O6)n (B) (C6 H10O5)n
(B) Diarrhoea (C) (C6H 12O5)n (D) (C6 H19O6)n
(C) Acute glomerulonephritis 122. The number of isomers of glucose is
(D) High fever (A) 4 (B) 8
113. Normal specific gravity of urine is (C) 12 (D) 16
(A) 1.000–1.010 (B) 1.012–1.024 123. The epimers of glucose is
(C) 1.025–1.034 (D) 1.035–1.045 (A) Fructose (B) Galactose
114. Specific gravity of urine is raised in all of (C) Ribose (D) Deoxyribose
the following except 124. The intermediate in hexose monophos-
(A) Diabetes mellitus phate shunt is
(B) Diabetes insipidus (A) D-Ribolose (B) D-Arobinose
(C) Dehydration (C) D-xylose (D) D-lyxose
(D) Acute glomerulonephritis 125. Honey contains the hydrolytic product of
115. Specific gravity of urine is decreased in (A) Lactose (B) Maltose
(C) Inulin (D) Starch
(A) Diabetes mellitus
(B) Acute glomerulonephritis 126. On boiling Benedict’s solution is not
(C) Diarrhoea reduced by
(D) Chronic glomerulonephritis (A) Sucrose (B) Lactose
(C) Maltose (D) Fructose
 12 MCQs IN BIOCHEMISTRY

127. Glycosides are found in many 138. The component of cartilage and cornea is
(A) Vitamins (B) Drugs (A) Keratosulphate
(C) Minerals (D) Nucleoproteins (B) Chondroitin sulphate
(C) Cadmium sulphate
128. Galactose on oxidation with conc. HNO3
(D) Antimony sulphate
produces
(A) Gluconic acid (B) Saccharic acid 139. Benedict’s test is less likely to give weakly
positive results with concentrated urine
(C) Saccharo Lactone (D) Mucic acid
due to the action of
129. The distinguishing test between mono- (A) Urea (B) Uric acid
saccharides and dissaccharides is (C) Ammonium salts (D) Phosphates
(A) Bial’s test (B) Selwanoff’s test
140. Active transport of sugar is depressed by
(C) Barfoed’s test (D) Hydrolysis test the agent:
130. Cellulose is made up of the molecules of (A) Oxaloacetate (B) Fumarate
(A) α-glucose (B) β-glucose (C) Malonate (D) Succinate
(C) Both of the above (D) None of these 141. The general test for detection of
131. Iodine solution produces no color with carbohydrates is
(A) Iodine test (B) Molisch test
(A) Cellulose (B) Starch
(C) Barfoed test (D) Osazone test
(C) Dextrin (D) Glycogen
142. Glucose absorption may be decreased in
132. Glycogen structure includes a branch in
between–glucose units: (A) Oedema (B) Nephritis
(C) Rickets (D) Osteomalitis
(A) 6–12 (B) 8–14
(C) 6–10 (D) 12–18 143. Glycogen synthetase activity is depressed
by
133. Amylose contains glucose units
(A) Glucose (B) Insulin
(A) 100–200 (B) 200–300
(C) Cyclic AMP (D) Fructokinase
(C) 300–400 (D) 500–600
144. The branching enzyme acts on the
134. Each branch of amylopectin is at an glycogen when the glycogen chain has
interval of glucose units: been lengthened to between glucose units:
(A) 14–20 (B) 24–30 (A) 1 and 6 (B) 2 and 7
(C) 34–40 (D) 44–50 (C) 3 and 9 (D) 6 and 11
135. N-acetylneuraminic acid is an example of 145. Cyclic AMP is formed from ATP by the
(A) Sialic acid (B) Mucic acid enzyme adenylate cyclase which is
activated by the hormone:
(C) Glucuronic acid (D) Hippuric acid
(A) Insulin (B) Epinephrine
136. In place of glucuronic acid chondroitin
(C) Testosterone (D) Progesterone
sulphate B contains
(A) Gluconic acid (B) Gulonic acid 146. Hexokinase has a high affinity for glucose
than
(C) Induronic acid (D) Sulphonic acid
(A) Fructokinase (B) Galactokinase
137. Blood group substances consist of
(C) Glucokinase (D) All of the above
(A) Lactose (B) Maltose
(C) Fructose (D) Mucose 147. Dihydroxyacetone phosphate and
glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate are
intercoverted by
CARBOHYDRATES AND CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM 13

(A) Triose isomerase 156. Which of the following metabolite inte-

(B) Phosphotriose isomerase grates glucose and fatty acid metabolism?
(C) Diphosphotriose isomerase (A) Acetyl CoA (B) Pyruvate
(D) Dihydroxyacetone phosphorylase (C) Citrate (D) Lactate
148. Citrate is converted to isocitrate by 157. Cerebrosides consist of mostly of this
aconitase which contains sugar:
(A) Ca++ (B) Fe++ (A) Glucose (B) Fructose
(C) Zn ++ (D) Mg ++ (C) Galactose (D) Arabinose
149. The reaction succinyl COA to succinate 158. Glucose will be converted into fatty acids
requires if the diet has excess of
(A) CDP (B) ADP (A) Carbohydrates (B) Proteins
(C) GDP (D) NADP+ (C) Fat (D) Vitamins
150. The carrier of the citric acid cycle is 159. The purple ring of Molisch reaction is due
(A) Succinate (B) Fumarate to
(C) Malate (D) Oxaloacetate (A) Furfural
151. UDPG is oxidized to UDP glucuronic acid (B) Furfural + α Napthol
by UDP dehydrogenase in presence of (C) °C Napthol
(A) FAD+ (B) NAD+ (D) Furfurol + H2SO4 + α -Naphthol
(C) NADP+ (D) ADP+ 160. One of the following enzymes does not
change glycogen synthase a to b.
152. Galactose is phosphorylated by galacto-
kinase to form (A) Glycogen synthase kinases 3, 4, 5
(A) Galactose-6-phosphate (B) Ca2+ calmodulin phosphorylase kinase
(B) Galactose-1, 6 diphosphate (C) Ca2+ calmodulin dependent protein kinase
(C) Galactose-1-phosphate (D) Glycogen phosphorylase a
(D) All of these 161. In EM pathway -2-phosphoglycerate is
153. The conversion of alanine to glucose is converted to
termed (A) Phospho enol pyruvate
(A) Glycolysis (B) Enol pyruvate
(B) Oxidative decarboxylation (C) Di hydroxy acetone phosphate (DHAP)
(C) Specific dynamic action (D) 1,3 bisphosphoglycerate
(D) Gluconeogenesis 162. An aneplerotic reaction which sustains the
154. The blood sugar raising action of the availability of oxaloacetate is the carbo-
xylation of
hormones of suprarenal cortex is due to
(A) Glutamate (B) Pyruvate
(A) Gluconeogenesis
(C) Citrate (D) Succinate
(B) Glycogenolysis
(C) Glucagon-like activity 163. Specific test for ketohexoses:
(D) Due to inhibition of glomerular filtration (A) Seliwanoff’s test (B) Osazone test
(C) Molisch test (D) None of these
155. Under anaerobic conditions the glycolysis
one mole of glucose yields __ moles of ATP. 164. Two important byproducts of HMP shunt
are
(A) One (B) Two
(C) Eight (D) Thirty (A) NADH and pentose sugars
(B) NADPH and pentose sugars
 14 MCQs IN BIOCHEMISTRY

(C) Pentose sugars and 4 membered sugars 172. Conversion of glucose to glucose-6-
(D) Pentose sugars and sedoheptulose phosphate in human liver is by
(A) Hexokinase only
165. Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and
α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex (B) Glucokinase only
require the following for their oxidative (C) Hexokinase and glucokinase
decarboxylation: (D) Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase
(A) COASH and Lipoic acid 173. The following is an enzyme required for
(B) NAD+ and FAD glycolysis:
(C) COASH and TPP (A) Pyruvate kinase
(D) COASH, TPP,NAD+,FAD, Lipoate (B) Pyruvate carboxylase
166. The four membered aldose sugar (C) Glucose-6-phosphatose
phosphate formed in HMP shunt pathway (D) Glycerokinase
is
174. The normal glucose tolerance curve
(A) Xylulose P (B) Erythrulose P reaches peak is
(C) Erythrose P (D) Ribulose P
(A) 15 min (B) 1 hr
167. Cane sugar (Sucrose) injected into blood (C) 2 hrs (D) 2 ½ hrs
is
175. Oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate
(A) changed to fructose requires
(B) changed to glucose (A) NADP+
(C) undergoes no significant change (B) Cytichromes
(D) changed to glucose and fructose (C) pyridoxal phosphate
168. Pentose production is increased in (D) COASH
(A) HMP shunt 176. Glucose tolerance is increased in
(B) Uromic acid pathway (A) Diabetes mellitus (B) Adrenalectomy
(C) EM pathway (C) Acromegaly (D) Thyrotoxicosis
(D) TCA cycle
177. Glucose tolerance is decreased in
169. Conversion of Alanine to carbohydrate is
(A) Diabetes mellitus (B) Hypopituitarisme
termed:
(C) Addison’s disease (D) Hypothyroidism
(A) Glycogenesis (B) Gluconeogenesis
(C) Glycogenolysis (D) Photosynthesis 178. During glycolysis, Fructose 1, 6 diphos-
phate is decomposed by the enzyme:
170. The following is an enzyme required for
glycolysis: (A) Enolase a
(B) Fructokinase
(A) Pyruvate kinase
(C) Aldolase
(B) Pyruvate carboxylase
(C) Glucose-6-phosphatase (D) Diphosphofructophosphatose
(D) Glycerokinase 179. The following enzyme is required for the
hexose monophosphate shunt pathway:
171. Our body can get pentoses from
(A) Glycolytic pathway (A) Glucose-6-phosphatase
(B) Uromic acid pathway (B) Phosphorylase
(C) TCA cycle (C) Aldolase
(D) HMP shunt (D) Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase
CARBOHYDRATES AND CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM 15

180 Dehydrogenase enzymes of the hexose 189. The oxidation of lactic acid to pyruvic acid
monophosphate shunt are requires the following vitamin derivative
(A) NAD+ specific (B) NADP+ specific as the hydrogen carrier.
(C) FAD specific (D) FMN specific (A) Lithium pyrophosphate
(B) Coenyzme A
181. Under anaerobic conditions the glycolysis
(C) NAD+
of one mole of glucose yields ______moles
of ATP. (D) FMN

(A) One (B) Two 190. Physiological glycosuria is met with in

(C) Eight (D) Thirty (A) Renal glycosuria
182. Glycogen is converted to glucose-1- (B) Alimentary glycosuria
phosphate by (C) Diabetes Mellitus
(A) UDPG transferase (B) Branching enzyme (D) Alloxan diabetes
(C) Phosphorylase (D) Phosphatase 191. Two examples of substrate level phospho-
rylation in EM pathway of glucose metab-
183. Which of the following is not an enzyme
olism are in the reactions of
involved in glycolysis?
(A) 1,3 bisphosphoglycerate and phosphoenol
(A) Euolase (B) Aldolose
pyruvate
(C) Hexokinase (D) Glucose oxidase
(B) Glucose-6 phosphate and Fructo-6-phosphate
184. Tricarboxylic acid cycle to be continuous (C) 3 phosphoglyceraldehyde and phospho-
requires the regeneration of enolpyruvate
(A) Pyruvic acid (B) oxaloacetic acid (D) 1,3 diphosphoglycerate and 2-phosphogly-
(C) α-oxoglutaric acid (D) Malic acid cerate

185. Dehydrogenation of succinic acid to 192. The number of molecules of ATP produced
fumaric acid requires the following by the total oxidation of acetyl CoA in
hydrogen carrier: TCA cycle is
+
(A) NAD+ (B) NADP (A) 6 (B) 8
(C) flavoprotein (D) Glutathione (C) 10 (D) 12

186. The tissues with the highest total glycogen 193. Substrate level phosphorylation in TCA
content are cycle is in step:
(A) Muscle and kidneys (A) Isocitrate dehydrogenase
(B) Kidneys and liver (B) Malate dehydrogenase
(C) Liver and muscle (C) Aconitase
(D) Brain and Liver (D) Succinate thiokinase

187. Rothera test is not given by 194. Fatty acids cannot be converted into
carbohydrates in the body as the
(A) β-hydroxy butyrate (B) bile salts
following reaction is not possible.
(C) Glucose (D) None of these
(A) Conversion of glucose-6-phosphate into glucose
188. Gluconeogenesis is increased in the (B) Fructose 1, 6-bisphosphate to fructose-6-
following condition: phosphate
(A) Diabetes insipidus (B) Diabetes Mellitus (C) Transformation of acetyl CoA to pyruvate
(C) Hypothyroidism (D) Liver diseases (D) Formation of acetyl CoA from fatty acids
 16 MCQs IN BIOCHEMISTRY

195. Tissues form lactic acid from glucose. This 202. Amylo 1, 6 glucosidase is called
phenomenon is termed as
(A) Branching enzyme
(A) Aerobic glycolysis (B) debranching enzyme
(B) Oxidation (C) Glucantransferase
(C) Oxidative phosphorylation
(D) Phosphorylase
(D) Anaerobic glycolysis
203. Glucose enters the cells by
196. One molecule of glucose gives ______
molecules of CO2 in EM-TCA cycle. (A) insulin independent transport
(A) 6 (B) 3 (B) insulin dependent transport
(C) 1 (D) 2 (C) enzyme mediated transport
(D) Both (A) and (B)
197. One molecule of glucose gives ______
molecules of CO2 in one round of HMP 204. Glycogen while being acted upon by ac-
shunt. tive phosphorylase is converted first to
(A) 6 (B) 1 (A) Glucose
(C) 2 (D) 3 (B) Glucose 1-phosphate and Glycogen with 1
198. The 4 rate limiting enzymes of carbon less
gluconeogenesis are (C) Glucose-6-phosphate and Glycogen with 1
carbon less
(A) Glucokinase, Pyruvate carboxylae
phosphoenol pyruvate carboxykinase and (D) 6-Phosphogluconic acid
glucose-6-phosphatase
205. When O2 supply is inadequate, pyruvate
(B) Pyruvate carboxylase, phosphoenol pyruvate is converted to
carboxykinase, fructose1,6 diphosphatase
and glucose-6-phosphatase (A) Phosphopyruvate (B) Acetyl CoA
(C) Pyruvate kinase, pyruvate carboxylase, (C) Lactate (D) Alanine
phosphoenol pyruvate carboxykinase and
206. Reactivation of inactive liver phosphory-
glucose-6-phosphatase
lase is normally favoured by
(D) Phospho fructokinase, pyruvate carboxylase,
phosphoenol pyruvate carboxykinase and (A) Insulin (B) Epinephrine
fructose 1, 6 diphosphatase (C) ACTH (D) Glucagon
199. For glycogenesis, Glucose should be con- 207. Before pyruvic acid enters the TCA cycle it
verted to must be converted to
(A) Glucuronic acid (B) Pyruvic acid (A) Acetyl CoA (B) Lactate
(C) UDP glucose (D) Sorbitol (C) α-ketoglutarate (D) Citrate
200. Fluoride inhibits ______ and arrests gly- 208. The hydrolysis of Glucose-6-phosphate is
colysis. catalysed by a specific phosphatase
(A) Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase which is found only in
(B) Aconitase (A) Liver, intestines and kidneys
(C) Enolose (B) Brain, spleen and adrenals
(D) Succinate dehydrogenase (C) Striated muscle
201. One of the following statement is correct: (D) Plasma
(A) Glycogen synthase ‘a’ is the phosphorylated 209. The formation of citrate from oxalo
(B) cAMP converts glycogen synthase b to ‘a’ acetate and acetyl CoA is
(C) Insulin converts glycogen synthase b to a (A) Oxidation (B) Reduction
(D) UDP glucose molecules interact and grow into (C) Condensation (D) Hydrolysis
a Glycogen tree
CARBOHYDRATES AND CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM 17

210. Which one of the following is a rate 218. Acetyl CoA is not used for the synthesis
limiting enzyme of gluconeogenesis? of
(A) Hexokinase (A) Fatty acid (B) Cholesterol
(B) Phsophofructokinase (C) Pyruvic acid (D) Citric acid
(C) Pyruvate carboxylase 219. The total glycogen content of the body is
(D) Pyruvate kinase about ______ gms.
211. The number of ATP produced in the (A) 100 (B) 200
succinate dehydrogenase step is (C) 300 (D) 500
(A) 1 (B) 2 220. The total Glucose in the body is ________
(C) 3 (D) 4 gms.
212. Which of the following reaction gives (A) 10–15 (B) 20–30
lactose? (C) 40–50 (D) 60–80
(A) UDP galactose and glucose 221. Pyruvate kinase requires ______ ions for
(B) UDP glucose and galactose maximum activity.
(C) Glucose and Galactose (A) Na+ (B) K +
(D) Glucose, Galactose and UTP (C) Ca2+ (D) Mg2+
213. UDP Glucuronic acid is required for the 222. ATP is ‘wasted’ in Rapoport-Lueberring
biosynthesis of cycle in RBCs as otherwise it will inhibit
(A) Chondroitin sulphates (A) Phosphoglucomutase
(B) Glycogen (B) Phosphohexo isomerase
(C) Lactose (C) Phosphofructo kinase
(D) Starch (D) Phosphoenol pyruvate carboxy kinase
214. Which one of the following can covert 223. The following co-enzyme is needed for the
glucose to vitamin C? oxidative decarboxylation of ketoacids:
(A) Albino rats (B) Humans (A) NADP+ (B) TPP
(C) Monkeys (D) Guinea pigs (C) Folate coenzyme (D) Biotin coenzyme
215. Which one of the following cannot convert 224. Synthesis of Glucose from amino acids is
glucose to Vitamin C? termed as
(A) Albino rats (B) Dogs (A) Glycolysis (B) Gluconeogenesis
(C) Monkeys (D) Cows (C) Glycogenesis (D) Lipogenesis
216. Transketolase has the coenzyme: 225. The following examples are important
(A) NAD +
(B) FP heteropolysaccharides except
(C) TPP (D) Pyridoxol phosphate (A) Amylopectin (B) Heparin
(C) Peptidoglycan (D) Hyaluronic acid
217. Two conditions in which gluconeogenesis
is increased are 226. Whcih of the following features are
common to monosaccharides?
(A) Diabetes mellitus and atherosclerosis
(B) Fed condition and thyrotoxicosis (A) Contain asymmetric centres
(C) Diabetes mellitus and Starvation (B) Are of 2 types – aldoses and ketoses
(C) Tend to exist as ring structures in solution
(D) Alcohol intake and cigarette smoking
(D) Include glucose, galactose and raffinose
 18 MCQs IN BIOCHEMISTRY

227. Polysaccharides 234. Which of the following compound is a

(A) Contain many monosaccharide units which positive allosteric modifier of the enzyme
may or may not be of the same kind pyruvate carboxylase?
(B) Function mainly a storage or structural (A) Biotin (B) Acetyl CoA
compounds (C) Oxaloacetate (D) ATP
(C) Are present in large amounts in connective
235. A specific inhibitor for succinate
tissue
dehydrogenase is
(D) All of these
(A) Arsinite (B) Melouate
228. The absorption of glucose in the digestive (C) Citrate (D) Cyanide
tract
(A) Occurs in the small intestine 236. Most of the metabolic pathways are
either anabolic or catabolic. Which of the
(B) Is stimulated by the hormone Glucagon
following pathways is considered as
(C) Occurs more rapidly than the absorption of “amphibolic” in nature?
any other sugar
(A) Glycogenesis (B) Glycolytic pathway
(D) Is impaired in cases of diabetes mellitus
(C) Lipolysis (D) TCA cycle
229. UDP-Glucose is converted to UDP-
Glucuronic acid by 237. Transketolase activity is affected in
(A) ATP (B) GTP (A) Biotin deficiency
(C) NADP+ (D) NAD+ (B) Pyridoxine deficiency
(C) PABA deficiency
230. The enzymes involved in Phosphorylation
of glucose to glucose 6- phosphate are (D) Thiamine deficiency

(A) Hexokinase 238. The following metabolic abnormalities

(B) Glucokinase occur in Diabetes mellitus except
(C) Phosphofructokinase (A) Increased plasma FFA
(D) Both (A) and (B) (B) Increased pyruvate carboxylase activate
231. In conversion of Lactic acid to Glucose, (C) Decreased lipogenesis
three reactions of Glycolytic pathway are (D) Decreased gluconeogenesis
circumvented, which of the following
239. A substance that is not an intermediate
enzymes do not participate?
in the formation of D-glucuronic acid from
(A) Pyruvate Carboxylase glucose is
(B) Phosphoenol pyruvate carboxy kinase (A) Glucoss-1-p
(C) Pyruvate kinase (B) 6-Phosphogluconate
(D) Glucose-6-phosphatase (C) Glucose-6-p
232. The normal resting state of humans, most (D) UDP-Glucose
of the blood glucose burnt as “fuel” is
consumed by 240. The hydrolysis of Glucose-6-P is catalysed
by a phosphatase that is not formed in
(A) Liver (B) Brain which of the following?
(C) Kidneys (D) Adipose tissue
(A) Liver (B) Kidney
233. A regulator of the enzyme Glycogen (C) Muscle (D) Small intestine
synthase is
241. An essential for converting Glucose to
(A) Citric acid
Glycogen in Liver is
(B) 2, 3 bisphosphoglycerate
(A) Lactic acid (B) GTP
(C) Pyruvate
(C) CTP (D) UTP
(D) GTP
CARBOHYDRATES AND CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM 19

242. Which of the following is a substrate for 249. Which of the following statements
aldolase activity in Glycolytic pathway? regarding T.C.A cycle is true?
(A) Glyceraldehyde-3-p (A) It is an anaerobic process
(B) Glucose-6-p (B) It occurs in cytosol
(C) Fructose-6-p (C) It contains no intermediates for Gluconeogen-
(D) Fructose1, 6-bisphosphate esis
243. The ratio that approximates the number (D) It is amphibolic in nature
of net molecule of ATP formed per mole 250. An allosteric enzyme responsible for
of Glucose oxidized in presence of O2 to controlling the rate of T.C.A cycle is
the net number formed in abscence of
O2 is (A) Malate dehydrogenase
(B) Isocitrate dehydrogenase
(A) 4 : 1 (B) 10 : 2
(C) Fumarase
(C) 12 : 1 (D) 18 : 1
(D) Aconitase
244. The “Primaquin sensitivity types of
haemolytic anaemia has been found to 251. The glycolysis is regulated by
relate to reduced R.B.C activity of which (A) Hexokinase (B) Phosphofructokinase
enzyme? (C) Pyruvate kinase (D) All of these
(A) Pyruvate kinase deficiency
252. How many ATP molecules will be required
(B) Glucose-6-phosphatase deficiency
for conversion of 2-molecules of Lactic acid
(C) Glucose-6-p dehydrogenase deficiency to Glucose?
(D) Hexokinase deficiency
(A) 2 (B) 4
245. Which of the following hormones is not (C) 8 (D) 6
involved in carbohydrate metabolism?
253. Which of the following enzyme is not
(A) Cortisol (B) ACTH
involved in HMP shunt?
(C) Glucogen (D) Vasopressin
(A) Glyceraldehyde-3-p dehydrogenase
246. Dehydrogenases involved in HMP shunt (B) Glucose-6-p-dehydrogenase
are specific for
(C) Transketolase
(A) NADP+ (B) NAD+ (D) Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase
(C) FAD (D) FMN
254. In presence of the following cofactor,
247. Which of the following enzymes in Glyco- pyruvate carboxylase converts pyruvate
lytic pathway is inhibited by fluoride? to oxaloacetate:
(A) Glyceraldehyde-3-p dehydrogenase (A) ATP, Protein and CO2
(B) Phosphoglycerate kinase (B) CO2 and ATP
(C) Pyruvate kinase (C) CO2
(D) Enolase (D) Protein
248. Out of 24 mols of ATP formed in TCA cycle, 255. For conversion of oxaloacetate to
2 molecules of ATP can be formed at phosphoenol pyruvate, high energy
“substrate level” by which of the molecule is required in the form of
following reaction ?
(A) GTP only (B) ITP only
(A) Citric acid→ Isocitric acid
(C) GTP (or) ITP (D) None of these
(B) Isocitrate→ Oxaloacetate
(C) Succinic acid→ Fumarate 256. If the more negative standard reduction
potential of a redox pair, the greater the
(D) Succinylcat→ Succinic acid
tendency to
 20 MCQs IN BIOCHEMISTRY

(A) To lose electrons (C) The free energy change, ∆G°, is equal to the
(B) To gain electrons standard free energy change, ∆G°
(C) To lose/gain electrons (D) Keq is equal to 1
(D) To lose and gain electrons 264. An uncoupler of oxidative phosphoryla-
tion such as dinitrophenol
257. Electron transport and phosphorylation
can be uncoupled by compounds that (A) Inhibits electron transport and ATP synthesis
increase the permeability of the inner (B) Allow electron transport to proceed without
mitochondrial membrane to ATP synthesis
(A) Electrons (B) Protons (C) Inhibits electron transport without impairment
of ATP synthesis
(C) Uncouplers (D) All of these
(D) Specially inhibits cytochrome b
258. The more positive the E0, the greater the
tendency of the oxidant member of that 265. All of the following statements about the
enzymic complex that carries out the
pair to
synthesis of ATP during oxidative
(A) Lose electrons phosphorylation are correct except
(B) Gain electrons (A) It is located on the matrix side of the inner
(C) Lose (or) gain electrons mitochondrial membrane
(D) Lose and gain electrons (B) It is inhibited by oligomycin
259. The standard free energy of hydrolysis (C) It can exhibit ATPase activity
of terminal phosphate group of ATP is (D) It can bind molecular O2
(A) –7,300 cal/mol (B) –8,300 cal/mol 266. Glucokinase
(C) 10,000 cal/mol (D) +7,300 cal/mol (A) Is widely distributed and occurs in most
mammalian tissues
260. The transport of a pair of electrons from
NADH to O2 via the electron transport (B) Has a high km for glucose and hence is
chain produces important in the phosphorylation of glucose
primarily after ingestion of a carbohydrate
(A) –52,580 cal (B) –50,580 cal rich meal
(C) 21,900 cal (D) +52,580 cal (C) Is widely distributed in Prokaryotes
261. Sufficient energy required to produce 3 (D) None of these
ATP from 3 ADP and 3 pi is 267. The reaction catalysed by phosphofruc-
(A) –21,900 cal (B) 29,900 cal tokinase
(C) 31,900 cal (D) 39,900 cal (A) Is activated by high concentrations of ATP and
citrate
262. The free energy change, AG
(B) Uses fruitose-1-phosphate as substrate
(A) Is directly proportional to the standard free
(C) Is the rate-limiting reaction of the glycolytic
energy change, AG
pathway
(B) Is equal to zero at equilibrium
(D) Is inhibited by fructose 2, 6-bisphosphate
(C) Can only be calculated when the reactants
and products are present at 1mol/1 268. Compared to the resting state, vigorously
concentrations contracting muscle shows
(D) Is equal to –RT in keq (A) An increased conversion of pyruvate to lactate
(B) Decreased oxidation of pyruvate of CO2 and
263. Under standard conditions
water
(A) The free energy change ∆G°, is equal to 0 (C) A decreased NADH/NAD+ ratio
(B) The standard free energy change ∆G, is (D) Decreased concentration of AMP
equal to 0
CARBOHYDRATES AND CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM 21

269. Which one of the following would be 275. Pasteur effect is

expected in pyruvate kinase deficiency? (A) Inhibition of glycolysis
(A) Increased levels of lactate in the R.B.C (B) Oxygen is involved
(B) Hemolytic anemia (C) Inhibition of enzyme phosphofructokinase
(C) Decreased ratio of ADP to ATP in R.B.C (D) All of these
(D) Increased phosphorylation of Glucose to
Glucose-6-phosphate 276. How many ATPs are produced in the
conversion of phosphoenol pyruvate to
270. Which one of the following statements citrate?
concerning glucose metabolism is correct?
(A) 1 (B) 2
(A) The conversion of Glucose to lactate occurs (C) 4 (D) 6
only in the R.B.C
(B) Glucose enters most cells by a mechanism in 277. Reduced glutathione functions in R.B.Cs
which Na+ and glucose are co-transported to
(C) Pyruvate kinase catalyses an irreversible (A) Produce NADPH
reaction (B) Reduce methemoglobin to hemoglobin
(D) An elevated level of insulin leads to a (C) Produce NADH
decreased level of fructose 2, 6-bisphosphate (D) Reduce oxidizing agents such as H2O2
in hepatocyte
278. Phenylalanine is the precursor of
271. Which one of the following compounds
(A) L-DOPA (B) Histamine
cannot give rise to the net synthesis of
Glucose? (C) Tyrosine (D) Throxine

(A) Lactate (B) Glycerol 279. D-Mannose is present in some plant

(C) α-ketoglutarate (D) Acetyl CoA products like
(A) Resins (B) Pectins
272. Which of the following reactions is unique
to gluconeogenesis? (C) Mucilage (D) Gums
(A) Lactate Pyruvate 280. Galactose is a main constituent of
(B) Phosphoenol pyruvate pyruvate (A) Milk sugar (B) Honey
(C) Oxaloacetate phosphoenol pyruvate (C) Cane sugar (D) Chitin
(D) Glucose-6-phosphate Fructose-6-phosphate
281. Glucosamine is an important constituent
273. The synthesis of glucose from pyruvate of
by gluconeogenesis
(A) Homopolysaccharide
(A) Requires the participation of biotin (B) Heteropolysaccharide
(B) Occurs exclusively in the cytosol (C) Mucopolysaccharide
(C) Is inhibited by elevated level of insulin (D) Dextran
(D) Requires oxidation/reduction of FAD
282. Glycogen is present in all body tissues
274. The conversion of pyruvate to acetyl CoA except
and CO2
(A) Liver (B) Brain
(A) Is reversible (C) Kidney (D) Stomach
(B) Involves the participation of lipoic acid
283. Iodine test is positive for starch, dextrin and
(C) Depends on the coenzyme biotin
(D) Occurs in the cytosol (A) Mucoproteins (B) Agar
(C) Glycogen (D) Cellulose
 22 MCQs IN BIOCHEMISTRY

284. The general formula for polysaccharide is 294. α−

α−D-Glucose and β−
β−D-glucose are related
(A) (C6H 10O5)n (B) (C6H 12C6)n by
(C) (C6H 12O5)n (D) (C5 H10O5)n (A) Epimers (B) Anomers
(C) Multirotation (D) Ketoenol pair
285. Epimers of glucose is
(A) Fructose (B) Galactose 295. The stable ring formation in D-Glucose
(C) Ribose (D) Deoxyribose involves
(A) C-1 and C-4 (B) C-1 and C-2
286. Human heart muscle contains
(C) C-1 and C-5 (D) C-2 and C-5
(A) D-Arabinose (B) D-Ribose
(C) D-Xylose (D) L-Xylose 296. Reduction of Glucose with Ca++ in water
produces
287. The intermediate n hexose monophos-
(A) Sorbitol (B) Dulcitol
phate shunt is
(C) Mannitol (D) Glucuronic acid
(A) D-Ribulose (B) D-Arabinose
(C) D-xylose (D) D-Lyxose 297. Starch and glycogen are polymers of

288. On boiling Benedict’s solution is not (A) Fructose (B) Mannose

reduced by (C) α−D-Glucose (D) Galactose
(A) Sucrose (B) Lactose 298. Reducing ability of carbohydrates is due
(C) Maltose (D) Fructose to
289. The distinguishing test between monosac- (A) Carboxyl group (B) Hydroxyl group
charides and dissaccharide is (C) Enediol formation (D) Ring structure
(A) Bial’s test (B) Seliwanoff’s test 299. Which of the following is not a polymer
(C) Barfoed’s test (D) Hydrolysis test of glucose?
290. Barfoed’s solution is not reduced by (A) Amylose (B) Inulin
(A) Glucose (B) Mannose (C) Cellulose (D) Dextrin
(C) Sucrose (D) Ribose 300. Invert sugar is
291. Cori cycle is (A) Lactose
(A) Synthesis of glucose (B) Mannose
(B) reuse of glucose (C) Fructose
(C) uptake of glycose (D) Hydrolytic product of sucrose
(D) Both (A) & (B)
301 The carbohydrate reserved in human
292. Cane sugar is known as body is
(A) Galactose (B) Sucrose (A) Starch (B) Glucose
(C) Fructose (D) Maltose (C) Glycogen (D) Inulin
293. Which of the following is not reducing 302 A dissaccharide linked by α -1-4 Glycosi-
sugar? deic linkages is
(A) Lactose (B) Maltose (A) Lactose (B) Sucrose
(C) Sucrose (D) Fructose
(C) Cellulose (D) Maltose
CARBOHYDRATES AND CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM 23

ANSWERS
1. A 2. A 3. A 4. A 5. B 6. A
7. A 8. D 9. A 10. A 11. A 12. C
13. B 14. A 15. A 16. B 17. A 18. A
19. C 20. C 21. A 22. D 23. C 24. B
25. A 26. D 27. C 28. C 29. B 30. B
31. D 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. B 36. B
37. C 38. B 39. D 40. A 41. D 42. B
43. A 44. B 45. A 46. A 47. A 48. A
49. B 50. C 51. C 52. A 53. A 54. A
55. B 56. A 57. D 58. A 59. C 60. D
61. C 62. C 63. B 64. C 65. C 66. C
67. B 68. C 69. D 70. D 71. A 72. A
73. B 74. B 75. B 76. B 77. A 78. C
79. A 80. B 81. D 82. C 83. D 84. D
85. B 86. D 87. D 88. C 89. B 90. A
91. A 92. D 93. A 94. C 95. C 96. D
97. D 98. A 99. C 100. C 101. B 102. A
103. C 104. C 105. B 106. B 107. C 108. D
109. B 110. C 111. B 112. B 113. B 114. D
115. B 116. B 117. A 118. B 119. B 120. A
121. B 122. D 123. B 124. A 125. C 126. A
127. B 128. D 129. C 130. A 131. A 132. D
133. C 134. B 135. C 136. C 137. C 138. A
139. B 140. C 141. B 142. A 143. C 144. D
145. B 146. C 147. B 148. B 149. B 150. D
151. B 152. C 153. D 154. A 155. B 156. A
157. C 158. A 159. B 160. D 161. A 162. B
163. A 164. B 165. D 166. C 167. C 168. A
169. B 170. A 171. D 172. C 173. A 174. B
175. D 176. B 177. A 178. C 179. D 180. B
181. B 182. C 183. D 184. B 185. C 186. C
187. A 188. B 189. C 190. B 191. A 192. D
193. D 194. C 195. D 196. A 197. B 198. B
199. C 200. C 201. C 202. B 203. D 204. C
205. C 206. D 207. A 208. A 209. C 210. C
211. B 212. A 213. A 214. A 215. C 216. C
217. C 218. C 219. C 220. B 221. B 222.C
223. B 224. B 225. A 226. C 227. D 228. A
229. B 230. D 231. C 232. B 233. C 234. A
235. B 236. D 237. B 238. B 239. B 240. C
241. D 242. D 243. B 244. C 245. D 246. A
247. D 248. D 249. D 250. B 251. D 252. D
 24 MCQs IN BIOCHEMISTRY

253. A 254. A 255. C 256. A 257. B 258. B

259. A 260. D 261. A 262. B 263. C 264. B
265. D 266. B 267. C 268. A 269. B 270. C
271. B 272. C 273. A 274. B 275. D 276. C
277. D 278. C 279. D 280. A 281. C 282. B
283. C 284. A 285. B 286. C 287. A 288. A
289. C 290. C 291. D 292. B 293. C 294. B
295. C 296. A 297. C 298. A 299. B 300. D
301. C 302. D

EXPLANATIONS FOR THE ANSWERS

7. A Polysaccharides are polymers of monosac- get dehydrated to form furfural (from pentoses)
charides. They are of two types– hompolysac- or hydroxy methylfurfural (from hexoses) which
charides that contain a single type of condense with α-naphthol to form a violet
monosaccharide (e.g., starch, insulin, cellulose) coloured complex.
and heteropolysaccharides with two or more 163. A Seliwanoff’s test: this is a specific test for
different types of monosaccharides (e.g., heparin, ketohexoses. Concentrated hydrochloric acid
chondroitin sulfate). dehydrates ketohexoses to form furfural
30. B Mutorotation refers to the change in the specific derivatives which condense with resorcinol to
optical rotation representing the interconversion of give a cherry red complex.
α- and β- anomers of D-glucose to an equilibrium. 187. A Rothera’s test: Nitroprosside in alkaline medium
48. A Starch is a polysaccharide composed of D- reacts with keto group of ketone bodies (acetone
glucose units held together by α-glycosidic and acetoacetate) to form a purple ring. This
bonds, (α 1→ 4 linkages; at branching points test is not given by β-hydroxybutyrate.
α 1→ 6 linkages). 203. D Two specific transport systems are recognized
71. A Hyaluronic acid is the ground substance of for the entry of glucose into the cells.
synovial fluid of joints. It serves as lubricants (a) Insulin-independent transport: This is a carrier
and shock absorbant in joints. mediated uptake of glucose which is not
93. A The process of shifting a hydrogen atom from dependent on the hormone inslulin. This operates
one carbon to another to produce enediols is in hepatocytes, erythrocytes and brain.
referred to as tautomerization. (b) Insulin-dependent transport: This occurs in
117. A Mucopolysaccharides (commonly known as muscle and adipose tissue.
glycosaminoglycans) are heteropolysaccharides 230. D Hexokinase and glucokinase are involved in
composed of sugar derivatives (mainly amino the phosphorylation of glucose to glucose 6-
sugars and uronic acids). The important phosphate. The enzyme hexokinase, present
mucopolysaccharides include hyaluronic acid, in almost all the tissues, catalyses the
heparin, chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate phosphorylation of other hexose also (fructose,
and keratan sulfate. mannose). It has low Km for substrates (about
141. B Molisch test: It is a general test for the detection 0.1 mM) and is inhibited by glucose 6-
of carbohydrates. The strong H2SO4 hydrolyses phosphate. In contrast, glucokinase is present
carbohydrates (poly- and disaccharides) to lib- in liver, catalyses the phosphorylation of only
erate monosaccharides. The monosaccharides glucose, has high Km for glucose (10 mM)
CARBOHYDRATES AND CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM 25

and is not inhibited by glucose 6-phosphate. referred to as Pasteur effect. This is due to
251. D The three enzymes namely hexokinase (or inhibition of the enzyme phosphofructokinase
glucokinase), phosphofructokinase and by ATP and citrate (formed in the presence of
pyruvate kinase, catalyzing the irreversible O2 )
reactions regulate glycolysis. Among these, 291. D The cycle involving the synthesis of glucose in
phosphofructokinase is the most regulatory. It liver from the skeletal muscle lactate and the
is an allosteric enzyme inhibited by ATP, citrate reuse of glucose thus synthesized by the muscle
and activated by AMP and Pi. for energy purposes is known as Cori Cycle.
275. D The inhibition of glycolysis by oxygen is