Practice 14

Practice 14:
TURTLE
GRAPHICS
Page |1
Drawing with a Turtle
The Turtle object helps you draw interesting
graphics in the graphics window. We’ll show you
how to move the Turtle on the screen by using
the Turtle object and how to use the Turtle to draw
colorful designs.
Show me the Turtle!

Meet your new friend in Small Basic—the Turtle! The Turtle helps you draw interesting
shapes and patterns in the graphics window. You can display the Turtle by using the Show
operation.
Turtle.Show()
Click the button on the Toolbar.
Page |2
The Turtle appears on the screen.
Controlling the Turtle Object
You can give commands to the Turtle by using the Turtle object. In turn, the Turtle draws
graphics on the screen. Let’s look at some of these functions…
To set the location of the Turtle on the screen, you use the X and Y properties of
the Turtle object.
Turtle.X= 50
Turtle.Y = 200
To move the Turtle a particular distance in pixels, you use the Move operation. To move the
Turtle to a particular location, you use the MoveTo operation and its parameters to specify
the new location.
Turtle.Move(150)
Turtle.MoveTo(50, 200)
If you try these operations out, you’ll notice that a line is drawn in the graphics window to
show where the Turtle has moved from the starting position. To move the Turtle without
Page |3
drawing a line, use the PenUp operation. To bring
the line back you use the PenDown operation.
Turtle.PenUp()
Turtle.PenDown()
Let’s look at more functions…
Choose how fast theTurtle moves by using the Speed property and specifying a value
between 1 and 10. To see the Turtle’s fastest speed, specify 10.
Turtle.Speed = 8
Rotate the Turtle by using the Turn operation and specifying an angle in degrees. Or
instead, you can rotate the Turtle 90 degrees by using
the TurnRight or TurnLeft operations, respectively.
Turtle.Turn(90)
Turtle.TurnLeft()
Turtle.TurnRight()
Turn the Turtle to a specific angle of rotation by using the Angle property and setting the
angle (in degrees) that you want the Turtle to rotate. By default, the Turtle faces the top of
the screen, which is an angle of 0 degrees. Here we set the turtle to face the right:
Turtle.Angle = 90
You may have noticed that some of these operations can be used for similar purposes. For
example, you can rotate the Turtle to face the left side of the window by using any of the
following strategies:
1. You can set the value of the Angle property as 270.

2. You can use the Turn operation and specify the following values: :
o 270 if the Turtle is already facing the top of the window
o 180 if the Turtle is already facing the right side of the window
o 90 if the Turtle is already facing the bottom of the window
3. You can use the TurnRight operation three times if the Turtle is facing the top of the
window, twice if the Turtle is facing the right side of the window, or once if the
Page |4
Turtle is facing the bottom of the window.
The Turtle always rotates to the right in
clockwise direction.
You can use the TurnLeft operation once if the Turtle

is facing the top of the window, twice if the Turtle is
facing the right side of the window, or three times if the Turtle is facing the bottom of the
window.I.
Making the Turtle Move
Let’s draw a simple triangle by using the Turtle.
GraphicsWindow.Width = 250
GraphicsWindow.Height = 250
GraphicsWindow.Title = "Turtle Graphics"
Turtle.X = 50
Turtle.Y = 200
Turtle.Speed = 5
Turtle.Move(150)
Turtle.Turn(90)
Turtle.Move(150)
Turtle.MoveTo(50, 200)
Turtle.Angle = 45
Click the button on the Toolbar. This is the output you will see:
Page |5
In this example, the Turtle draws a simple triangle on
the screen. Let us understand the code in detail:
1. In the first three lines of code, you set the

width, height, and title of the graphics window.
2. In the next two lines of code, you make the
Turtle appear at a specific location in the graphics window. To specify the location,
you set the value of the X property to a particular number of pixels from the left side
of the graphics window, and you set the Y property to a particular number of pixels
from the top of the graphics window.
3. You then set the speed at which the Turtle moves by specifying a value between 1
and 10 (inclusive) for the Speed property. To make the Turtle move at its fastest
speed, specify 10. To make the Turtle move at its slowest speed, specify 1.
4. To make the Turtle draw the vertical side of the triangle, you use the Move operation
to instruct the Turtle to draw 150 pixels from its original location and in its default
direction (up). By default, the Turtle draws when you use the Move operation. If you
want the Turtle to move without drawing, you use the PenUp operation.
5. To make the Turtle draw the horizontal side of the triangle, you first use
the Turn operation to rotate the Turtle 90 degrees so that it faces the right side of the
window. Then you use the Move operation to instruct the Turtle to draw 150 pixels
from its new location and in its new direction.
6. To make the Turtle draw the diagonal side of the triangle, you use
the MoveTo operation and specify a location in the window. To specify the location,
you set the value of the X property to a particular number of pixels from the left side
of the graphics window, and you set the value of the Y property to a particular number
of pixels from the top of the graphics window.
7. Now that the triangle is complete, you rotate the Turtle by setting the value of
the Angle property to 45 degrees.
Notice that the commands are written in the order we want them to happen. For example,
we tell the Turtle to draw the vertical side of the triangle before it draws the horizontal side.
Page |6
Having Fun with the Turtle
Now that you know how to communicate with the

Turtle, let’s have some fun with it. We‘ll use the For
loop and instruct the Turtle to move and turn at
specific distances and angles, creating a unique graphical design in the process.

GraphicsWindow.PenColor = "Purple"
Turtle.Show()
Turtle.Speed = 8
Turtle.X = 150
Turtle.Y = 150
For i = 0 To 200 Step 5
Turtle.Move(i)
Turtle.Turn(90)
EndFor
You can add color to your design by specifying a value for the PenColor property of
the GraphicsWindow object. This is the output you will see:
When you click Run on the toolbar or press F5 on the keyboard, the Turtle draws a colored,
square design in the graphics window. You can also draw multiple, colorful designs by
using the Turtle. For example, this program produces different shapes in a variety of sizes
and colors.

Page |7
Turtle.Show()
Turtle.Speed = 10
Turtle.X = 150
Turtle.Y = 150
GraphicsWindow.PenColor =
GraphicsWindow.GetRandomColor()
Turtle.Move(i)
Turtle.Turn(90)
EndFor
Turtle.PenUp()
Turtle.Move(260)
Turtle.Turn(60)
Turtle.Move(120)
Turtle.PenDown()
GraphicsWindow.PenColor = GraphicsWindow.GetRandomColor()
Turtle.Move(i)
Turtle.Turn(120)
EndFor
The output you will see is below:
In the earlier example, we drew one set of nested squares of the same color. However, you
can draw more than one shape in the same graphics window by using the PenUp and
PenDown operations. You can also create nested versions of different shapes, such as
triangles, by assigning a For loop and changing the distance and the angles.
In addition, you can also create shapes in a variety of colors by using the GetRandomColor
operation to set the value of the PenColor property.
Page |8
When you click Run on the toolbar or press F5 on
the keyboard, the Turtle draws two colorful designs
in the graphics window.
Congratulations. You are the new Turtle Ninja 😊
Page |9
Challenge: Draw Stars
Use the Turtle to draw the stars shown below. Hint:

adjust the angle for each turn to draw the star you
like.
Discussion Questions
1. We learned how to draw straight lines by asking Turtle to move and make turns
at certain angles. Can you find a way to draw curved lines with Turtle?
2. How can you draw a dashed line with the Turtle?
3. Look back at Making the Turtle Move. What would happen if you typed some of
the commands in a different order? For example, if you moved the Turtle.Speed
command to the end of the list? Why is this?
4. Design a maze and let Turtle solve it. What other fun games can you think of?
Additional Resources
 The Developer’s Reference Guide to Small Basic: Chapter 5: GraphicsWindow Object
o Http://aka.ms/SmallBasic/Graphics
 Turtle Polygon Patterns
o http://aka.ms/SmallBasic/Turtle
P a g e | 10

Practice 14

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Practice 14

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Practice 14

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Practice 14:

Show me the Turtle!

Click the button on the Toolbar.

Controlling the Turtle Object

1. You can set the value of the Angle property as 270.

You can use the TurnLeft operation once if the Turtle

Making the Turtle Move

Let’s draw a simple triangle by using the Turtle.

1. In the first three lines of code, you set the

Now that you know how to communicate with the

GraphicsWindow.Title = "Turtle Graphics"

GraphicsWindow.Title = "Turtle Graphics"

The output you will see is below:

Congratulations. You are the new Turtle Ninja 😊

Use the Turtle to draw the stars shown below. Hint:

You might also like

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.