Guadalupe Gonzalez Nunans9&10

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- Selecting and grading objectives

- Product-oriented - Process-oriented
objectives objectives

- Process objectives
- Product-oriented
focus, not on the
objectives describe the
outcomes of
things that a learner
instruction, but on
will be able to do as a
theclassroom activities
result of instruction.
themselves.

- Product, or, as they


are more usually called,
performance objectives
may be couched in
different terms.
- Formal performance
objectives are
supposed to have
threeparts: a statement
of what the learner is
to do, under what
conditions, andwith
- what degree of
The difficulty skill.of
level
the objectives is
governed by the
interaction between
task, conditions, and
standards.
-In practice, many
syllabuses focus on
the specification of
learner performance
and either omit or
detail separately the
- It has been suggested
conditions and
that ifstandards.
the syllabus is
to be more than a
randomcollection of
statements about
learner performance, it
is necessary for themto
be linked to
- General principles

- Curriculum and syllabus models - Purposes and goals - Syllabus products - Experiential content - Tasks and activities

- Is it possible to write blanket


- experiential content refers to the
statements of conditions and
-Is there adequate contextualization topics, themes,situations, settings,
- needs analysis standards which might apply to a
for the items? and so on which provide a context for
cluster of tasks, or are the conditions
the linguistic content.
and standards peculiar to each task?

- goals and objectives

- content specification

- learning tasks and activities

- resources and materials

- curriculum implementation

- curriculum management

- learner assessment

- programme evaluation

- teacher development

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