Document 1
Document 1
Document 1
In this lesson, three specific verbs in ~MASU form are introduced. Again, as
explained in Nihongo1, verbs in the ~MASU form are polite verbs. They are known as
~MASU verbs because of the obvious answer : they end in ~MASU.
Learning Outcomes:
At the end of this lesson, you should be able to:
o translate vocabulary introduced in the lesson,
o use the correct particles in your sentences, and
o construct sentences applying the patterns discussed.
Core Content:
Just like any other grammar lesson that requires sentence construction, this
lesson also introduces a new set of vocabulary. And just as how I reminded you in
Nihongo1 to memorize the Japanese words and their English translation, I am
reminding you again to do the same for the following.
Go ikimasu
Come kimasu
Go Home, Return kaerimasu
School gakkou
Supermarket su-pa-
Station eki
Airplane hikouki
Ship fune
Electric Train densha
Subway, underground chikatetsu
Bullet train shinkansen
Bus basu
Taxi takushi-
Bicycle jitensha
On foot aruite
Person, people hito
Friend tomodachi
He, boyfriend kare
She, girlfriend kanojo
Family kazoku
Alone, by oneself hitoride
Last week senshuu
This week konshuu
Next week raishuu
Last month sengetsu
This month kongetsu
Next month raigetsu
Last year kyonen
This year kotoshi
Next year rainen
~th month of the year ~gatsu
What month nangatsu
~ th day of the month, days ~nichi
Which day of the month / nannichi
how many days
When itsu
Let’s start constructing sentences. And for this lesson, the following are your
patterns.
You may also opt to drop, in your response, the "subject wa".
Example : Tanaka san no tanjoubi wa itsu desu ka. (When is Mr. Tanaka’s
birthday?)
(Feb.3) Nigatsu Mikka desu.
2. To ask for the DATE today, tomorrow , or yesterday or the date of an event,
NANGATSU NANNICHI is used. NANGATSU is is WHAT MONTH in English
while NANNICHI is WHAT DAY OF THE MONTH. Hence, a question that uses
NANGATSU NANNICHI is asking for the DATE.
Example : Kyou wa nangatsu nannichi desu ka. (Whatis the date today?)
(February 3) ... Kyou wa NIGATSU MIKKA desu.
In this sentence pattern, the VERB is one of the three verbs (IKIMASU,
KIMASU, or KAERIMASU) introduced in the module. The verbs indicate movement
to a certain place. The VERB may be in the present/future-positive, present/future-
negative, past-positive, or past-negative form. Hence, if the verb is the verb “TO GO”,
you can use any of its forms – IKIMASU, IKIMASEN, IKIMASHITA, or IKIMASEN
DESHITA , depending on what you wish stated in your sentence.
If the subject goes, comes or returns to a place “on foot” , ARUITE is used. The
particle DE is no longer needed.
If the subject goes, comes or returns to a place ALONE , HITORIDE is used. The
particle TO is no longer needed.
Example : Ashita, anata wa dare to kyoukai he ikimasu ka. (Who will you
go to church with tomorrow?)
. . . Ashita, watashi wa KAZOKU to kyoukai he ikimasu. ( I will go to
church with the family tomorrow.)
9. NANJI ( what time) and ITSU (when)
The interrogative words NANJI and ITSU may also be used together with the
verbs IKIMASU, KIMASU and KAERIMASU. In that case, using NANJI or ITSU allows
us to ask WHAT time or WHEN a subject goes, comes or returns to a place. The
specific time or the specific date which answers NANJI or ITSU is marked by the
particle NI.