UBD11
UBD11
UBD11
11
Observație!
Scrieți rezolvarea direct în acest document!
1. A business rule states that each time one or more employees are added to the employees
table, an audit record must also be created. This rule could be enforced using application
code, but we have decided to enforce it using a DML statement trigger.
B. Create a statement level trigger that inserts a row into the audit table immediately after
one or more rows are added to the employees_dup table that you created in a previous
lesson. The audit table row should contain value “Inserting” in the action column. The
other two columns should have their default values. Save your trigger code for later.
BEGIN
END;
C. Test your trigger by inserting a row into employees, then querying the audit table to
see that it contains a row.
D. Make sure the trigger does not fire with a DELETE by deleting the employee you just
entered. Recheck the audit_table table to make sure that there is not another new row.
WHERE last_name='Smith';
a. Modify your audit table trigger from question 1B so that it inserts a row into the
audit table immediately before one or more employee salaries are updated. The
audit table row should contain value “Updating” in the action column.
ON employees_dup
BEGIN
VALUES('Updating');
END;
UPDATE employees_dup
SET salary=15000
WHERE employee_id=999;
SELECT * FROM audit_table
c. Modify your trigger so that it prevents employees’ salaries being updated outside
working hours. The trigger should allow updates at other times (and still insert a
row into the audit table), but should raise an application error if an update is
attempted before 8am or after 6pm on any day.
ON employees_dup
BEGIN
END IF;
END;
d. You want to test your modified trigger. However, you need to make sure that right
now the database time is outside working hours. Remember that the database
could be anywhere in the world and therefore the database may not be in your
time zone! Find the current database time by executing:
e. Now modify your trigger so that it will raise the application error if you try to
update a salary within the next hour. For example, if the database time is 10:30,
modify the trigger code to include: … BETWEEN ’10:30’ AND ’11:30’ …
ON employees_dup
BEGIN
END IF;
END;
f. Test your modified trigger by trying to update the salary of employee_id 100 to a
new value of 25000.
A. Retrieve the code for the AFTER INSERT trigger you created in the previous practice,
question 1B. If you have lost the code, here it is again:
B. Modify this trigger so that a DELETE on the employees table will fire the same trigger.
Use the conditional predicates so an insert adds a row to the audit_emp table with
‘Inserted’ for the action column and a delete adds a row with ‘Deleted’ in the action
column. Save the script and test your trigger by inserting an employee row and then
deleting the same row, querying the audit table each time.
D. Test your trigger. First, turn off Autocommit in Application Express (you will need to
rollback your changes later). Then, delete the three Sales Representatives (job_id =
‘SA_REP’). Query the audit table; you should see that three audit rows have been inserted.
Finally, rollback your changes.
A. That displays the maximum salary in the employees table, and is fired immediately
before an employee’s salary is updated.
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER emp_update_salary
BEFORE UPDATE ON EMPLOYEES_DUP
FOR EACH ROW
DECLARE
v_max_salary NUMBER(8, 2);
BEGIN
IF(:new.salary != :old.salary) THEN
SELECT MAX(salary) INTO v_max_salary FROM EMPLOYEES_DUP;
END IF;
END;
B. Test your trigger by attempting to update the salary of employee_id 100 to a new value of
25000. What happens and why?
UPDATE employees_dup
SET salary=25000
WHERE employee_id=100;
Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.
Alternative Proxies: