Textbook  Chapter 3 Trigonometry (I) Suggested Solutions

6. cos   sin 60

Warm-up Exercise ( page 3.2)
3

1. 2
  30

Exercise 3A ( page 3.8)

3
cos  
5 14
1. (a)   rad
y 2  32  52 6
y 2  16 7
 rad
y4 3
4
sin   (b)  
35
rad
5 10
4 7
tan    rad
3 2


2. 2. (a) 37  37  rad
180
 0.646 rad (cor. to 3 sig. fig.)


(b) 101  101 rad
8 180
tan  
15  1.76 rad (cor. to 3 sig. fig.)
r 2  82  152 
 289 (c) 198.2  198.2  rad
180
r  17  3.46 rad (cor. to 3 sig. fig.)
8
sin  
17

cos  
15 3. (a) 36  36  rad
17 180

 rad
5

sin  cos  sin  cos  

3.  (b) 150  150  rad
1  sin 2  cos 2  180
5
sin   rad
 6
cos 
 tan  
(c) 250  250  rad
180
25
 rad
18
4. cos   cos (90  )  cos   sin 
2 2 2 2

1
180
4. (a) 3 rad  3 

 540
5. 3 tan   3
tan  
3 2 2 180
(b)  
3 9 9 
 3  40
  60 180
(c) 3c  3 

 172 (cor. to 3 sig. fig.)

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New Effective Learning Mathematics Module 2: Algebra and Calculus Teacher’s Reference Volume 1

 The size of the remaining interior angle of the pentagon

5. (a) cos  cos 45
4 2 3 5 2
 3    
2 5 5 9 3
 7
2 
9

(b) sin  sin 90
2
1 9. Let A, B and C be 2k, 3k and 4k respectively.
 2k  3k  4k  

(c) tan  tan 30 
6 k
9
3
 
3 B  3  
9


 3
6. (a) x  
3

x      
3 10.        
2 6 6 8 8
    
3 2      
6 6 8 8
2  10
(b) y    
5 2 24
2  5
y    
5 2 24


10
11. (a) Produce AO to meet BC at D.
 2
(c) BOD  
2 7
3

14
3
z 
14
3
z  
14  AD is an altitude.
11
 
14  ADC 
2
In ADC,
 2  
7. (a) x    BCO    
5 15 6 2
 2  
x   BCO     
5 15 6 2
4 
 
5 5

4 4  (b) Produce CO to meet AB at E.

(b) y   
9 9
4  4
y   
9 9


9

7 7
(c) z    2
12 6  CE is an altitude.
7 7 
z  2    AEC 
12 6 2
 In ACE,

4
 2 
BAO    
6 15 2
 2 
8. Sum of the interior angles of a pentagon  (5  2)   BAO     
6 15 2
 3 

5

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 Textbook  Chapter 3 Trigonometry (I) Suggested Solutions

In ABC, 1
6. b3  9
 2 2
ABC  BAO    BCO  
6 15 b6
  2 
ABC      OP  32  (6) 2  3 5
5 6 15 5
  2  6
ABC        sin   
2 5
5 6 15 5 3 5 5
3

10 3 5
cos   
3 5 5
6
tan    2
3

Exercise 3B ( page 3.17)

7. sin 90  cos 0  1  1
1. OP  82  62  10 2
6 3
 sin   
10 5
8. cos 90  sin 270  tan180  0  (1)  0
cos  
8 4
 1
10 5
6 3
tan    9. sin180 cos 360  0  1
8 4
0

2. OP  (12) 2  52  13
10. tan 360 sin 40  cos 270  0  sin 40  0
5
 sin   0
13
12 12
cos    11. Let OP be the terminal side of , where the coordinates of P are
13 13
(8, 15).
5 5
tan   
12 12

3. OP  (1) 2  ( 3) 2  2

 3 3
 sin   
2 2

1 1 OP  (8)2  152  17
cos   
2 2 15
 sin  
17
tan   3
8 8
cos   
17 17
4. a 2  12  ( 2 ) 2
a  1 or 1 (rejected)
12. Let OP be the terminal side of , where the coordinates of P are (40, b)
1 2
 sin    and OP  41.
2 2

1 2
cos   
2 2
tan   1

5. (8) 2  b 2  17 2 (40) 2  b 2  412

b  15 (rejected) or 15 b  9 (rejected) or  9
15 9 9
 sin   
15  sin   
17 17 41 41

8 8 tan  
9
cos    40
17 17
15
tan  
8

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New Effective Learning Mathematics Module 2: Algebra and Calculus Teacher’s Reference Volume 1

13. (a)   is an obtuse angle. 16.  tan   0 and cos   0

 90    180   lies in quadrant IV.
Let OP be the terminal side of , where the coordinates of P are Let OP be the terminal side of , where the coordinates of P are
(12, 5) . (8, 15).

OP  (12) 2  52  13

5 OP  82  (15) 2  17
 sin  
13 15 15
 sin   
17 17
  5  1  1
(b)  6 tan  
1  1
  6      8
 sin   sin    12  5  5 cos  
 13  13 17
13

50
17.  sin   0 and cos   0
  lies in quadrant I.
14. (a)   is an acute angle. Let OP be the terminal side of , where the coordinates of P are ( a, 7 )
 0    90 and OP  4 .
Let OP be the terminal side of , where the coordinates of P are
(1, b) and OP  2 .

a 2  ( 7 ) 2  42
a  3 or  3 (rejected)
12  b 2  22 3
 cos  
b  3 or  3 (rejected) 4
 tan   3 7
tan  
2 3
4 4 1
(b)  3cos 2    3 
tan 2  ( 3) 2 2
7
 18. Let OP be the terminal side of , where the coordinates of P are (4, 3).
12
OP  (4) 2  32  5
3
 sin  
15.  cos   0 and tan   0 5
4 4
  lies in quadrant II. cos   
5 5
Let OP be the terminal side of , where the coordinates of P are 3 3
(  5 , b) and OP  3 . tan   
4 4
 1  1  1  4  1
   cos       
 tan   sin    3  5   3
 4  5
8

9

( 5 ) 2  b 2  32
b  2 or  2 (rejected) 19.  cos   0 and sin   0

 sin  
2   lies in quadrant III.
3
2 2 5
tan   
 5 5

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 Textbook  Chapter 3 Trigonometry (I) Suggested Solutions

Let OP be the terminal side of , where the coordinates of P are (4, b) 1

(c) cot 45 
and OP  5 . tan 45
1

1
1

 1
(d) csc 
2 sin 
2
1
(4) 2  b 2  52 
1
b  3 (rejected) or  3
1
3 3
 sin   
5 5  1
(e) sec 
3 3 4 cos 
tan   
4 4 4
1
 2   3 2  3  
  tan    sin     3     1
 tan   4  5  2
 4
23  2

20
 1
(f) cot 
6 tan 
20.  tan   0 and sin   0 6
1
  lies in quadrant III. 
3
Let OP be the terminal side of , where the coordinates of P are
 3
(4, 3).

2. (a) OP  1  1  2
2 2

2
csc    2
1
2
sec    2
1
OP  (4) 2  (3) 2  5 cot  
1
1
1
3 3
 sin   
5 5 (b) OP  (1) 2  32  10
4 4
cos    10
5 5 csc  
3
 3  1  3  4  1
  cos     

 sin   sin  3  5   3
  sec  
10
  10
 5  5 1
29
 1 1
3 cot   
3 3

(c) OP  ( 3) 2  (4) 2  5
5 5
csc   
Exercise 3C ( page 3.27) 4 4

5 5
1 sec   
1. (a) csc30  3 3
sin 30

1 3 3
1 cot   
4 4
2
2
(d) OP  ( 3) 2  (1) 2  2
1 2
(b) sec 60  csc    2
cos 60 1
1
 2 2 3
1 sec   
2 3 3
2 3
cot    3
1

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New Effective Learning Mathematics Module 2: Algebra and Calculus Teacher’s Reference Volume 1

3. Let OP be the terminal side of , where the coordinates of P are (7, y) 3 3

(a) tan   
and OP  25. 4 4

5 5
(b) sec   
4 4

5
(c) csc  
3

5. Let OP be the terminal side of , where the coordinates of P are (x, 3)
7 2  y 2  252 and OP  5.
y  24 (rejected) or  24
24 24
(a) sin   
25 25

25 25
(b) csc   
24 24

7 7 x 2  (3) 2  52
(c) cot   
24 24 x  4 (rejected) or  4

Alternative method: 5 5
 sec   
4 4
(a)  270    360
3
 sin   0 tan  
4
 sin 2   cos 2   1 5 3
 sec   tan    
 sin 2   1  cos 2  4 4
2
 7  
1
 1  
 25  2
576

625
24 24
sin   (rejected) or  6. Let OP be the terminal side of , where the coordinates of P are (x, 3)
25 25 and OP  5.

1
(b) csc  
sin 
1

24

25
25

24 x 2  32  52
x  4 or  4 (rejected)
cos 
(c) cot    sin  
3
sin  5
7 4
cos  
 25 5
24
 5 3
25  7 
csc   7 sin  3 5

7  
24 cos  4
5
19

6
4. Let OP be the terminal side of , where the coordinates of P are (4, 3).

1
1
csc   1 sin 
7. 
1  sin  1  sin 
1  sin 
OP  (4) 2  32  5  sin 
1  sin 
1

sin 
 csc 

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 Textbook  Chapter 3 Trigonometry (I) Suggested Solutions

cos  csc   1 1  sin 

 cos  15. L.H.S.  
cot   cos  sin  1  cos  sec   1
8. 
1  csc  1
1 1
1
sin  1  sin 
 sin  
cos (1  sin ) 1  cos  1
1
sin  cos 

sin   1 cos (1  sin )(1  sin )

sin  sin (1  cos )(1  cos )
 cos  cos (1  sin 2 )

sin (1  cos 2 )
cos   cos 2 

1 sin   sin 2 
 sin 
csc   sin  sin  cos3 
9.  
cot  cos  sin 3 
sin   cot 3 
1  sin 2  sin   R.H.S.
 
sin  cos 
1
 cos 2  
cos  tan 
16. L.H.S. 
 cos  sec   cos 
sin 
 cos 
1
10. tan 4   2 tan 2   1  (tan 2   1) 2  cos 
cos 
 (sec 2 ) 2 sin 
 sec 4 
 cos 2
1  cos 
cos 
cot   1 1  tan  cot   1 1  tan  cot  1
    
11.
cot   1 1  tan  cot   1 1  tan  cot  sin 
cot   1 cot   1 sec 
  R.H.S. 
cot   1 cot   1 tan 
1 1
 cos 
sin 
cos 
 sin  cos  
12. sin (tan   cot )  sin     
1
 cos  sin   sin 
sin   cos 
2 2
tan  sec 
 sin    
sin  cos 
sec   cos  tan 
1
 sin  
sin  cos 
 sec 
17. Let OP be the terminal side of , where the coordinates of P are
(  2 , y ) and OP  2.

13. L.H.S.  sin x(csc x  sin x)

 1 
 sin x   sin x 
 sin x 
 1  sin 2 x
 cos 2 x
 R.H.S.
(  2 ) 2  y 2  22
y  2 or  2 (rejected)
14. L.H.S.  (cos 2   1)(tan 2   1)
  sin 2   sec 2  csc  
2
1 2
  sin 2  
cos 2  2 2
sec   
  tan 2   2 2
 (sec2   1)
2
 1  sec 2  sin  
2
 R.H.S.
 2
cot    1
2

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New Effective Learning Mathematics Module 2: Algebra and Calculus Teacher’s Reference Volume 1

2 sec2 A  sec2 B
 (1) 22. R.H.S. 
sin   cot  2 tan A  tan B
 
csc   sec  2  2  (1  tan 2 A)  (1  tan 2 B )
  
2  2 tan A  tan B
2 2 tan 2 A  tan 2 B

 2 tan A  tan B
4 (tan A  tan B )(tan A  tan B)

2 tan A  tan B
22 2  tan A  tan B

8  L.H.S.
1 2

4
tan A  tan B
23. L.H.S. 
1  tan A tan B
1 1
sin   3cos  
sin   3cos  sin   cot A cot B
18.  1
1
cos   3sin  cos   3sin  cot A cot B
sin  cot B  cot A
1  3cot 
  cot A cot B
cot   3 cot A cot B  1
2 cot A cot B
1  3 
 5 cot B  cot A

2
3 cot A cot B  1
5  R.H.S.
1

17

tan x 4
24. 
1  cot x 15
15 tan x  4  4cot x
3k csc   sec 
4
3k csc   sec  csc  15 tan x  4 
19.  tan x
5sec   k csc  5sec   k csc 
15 tan 2 x  4 tan x  4  0
csc 
(3tan x  2)(5 tan x  2)  0
3k  tan 
 3
5tan   k   x
3k  k 2
  tan x  0
5k  k
1 2 2
  tan x  or  (rejected)
3 3 5

25. In ABC,
20. L.H.S.  [(1  cot x)  (1  cot x) ]sin x
2 2 2

 (1  2cot x  cot x  1  2cot x  cot 2 x)sin 2 x

2 AB
cot y 
BC
 2(1  cot 2 x )sin 2 x
AB
 2csc 2 x sin 2 x BC 
cot y
1
 2  2  sin 2 x
sin x In ABD,
2 AB
cot( x  y ) 
 R.H.S. BD
AB
BD 
cot( x  y )
 BD  2 BC
csc   cot  tan 
21. L.H.S.   AB 2 AB
cos  1  cos   
1 cos  sin  cot( x  y ) cot y
 2 cot( x  y )  cot y
 sin  sin   cos 
cos  1  cos 
1  cos  sin 
 
sin  cos  cos (1  cos )
1

cos 2 
 sec2 
 R.H.S.

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 Textbook  Chapter 3 Trigonometry (I) Suggested Solutions

26. (c) csc150  csc(180  30)

 csc 30
1

sin 30
1

1
Let D be a point on AB such that OD  AB and AD  BD. 2
OD 2
In AOD, tan x 
AD
OD
AD  7  
tan x (d) csc  csc  2  
4  4
BD 
In BOD, cot y    csc
OD 4
BD  OD cot y 
1

 AD  BD sin
2
OD 1
  OD cot y =
tan x 1
OD 2
tan x cot y 
OD  2
1
(e) cot(45)   cot 45
1

27.   ACD   AED (R.H.S.) tan 45
 CAD  EAD (corr. s,  s) 
1
yx 1
EAD   1
2
yx
FAD  x 3  
2 (f) cot  cot    
x y 2 2 
   tan 
2
0
AD
tan  
DF
 cot FAD
x y
 cot 2. csc    csc(2  )
2
  csc ABC
1

sin ABC
7
Exercise 3D ( page 3.44) 
6
1. (a) sec 330  sec(360  30)
 sec 30
1
 3. (a) sec(360  )  sec 
cos 30
1

1 
3 cos 
1
2 

2 3

3
(b) csc(  )   csc 
1
 2  2 
(b) sec     sec sin 
 3  3 1
  
 sec     
 3

  sec  
3 (c) cot      tan 
1 2 
 sin 
 
cos cos 
3


1 
1 
2
 2

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4. Let OP be the terminal side of , where the coordinates of P are (3, y) 5

6. csc(  ) 
and OP  13 . 2
5
 csc  
2
2
sin   
5
 
 cos       sin 
2 
 2
( 3) 2  y 2  ( 13) 2   
y  2 or  2 (rejected)
 5
2

(a) sin()   sin  5
2

13
 3  5
2 13 7. sin    
  2  13
13 5
 cos  
13
 3 
(b) cot      tan  13
 2  sec   
5
2

3  sec(  )  sec(  )
  sec 
(c) csc(  )   csc   13 
  

13  5 
2 13

5
 
(d) sec       csc 
2 

13 8. cot(180  ) sec(360  )  cot  sec 
2 cos  1
 
sin  cos 
1

5. Let OP be the terminal side of , where the coordinates of P are sin 
(12, 5).  csc 

9. sin(90  ) sec(90  )  cos  csc 

1
 cos  
sin 
 cot 

OP  ( 12) 2  ( 5) 2  13

   3   3 
(a) sin      cos  10. sin(  ) sec      cos(2  ) csc   
2   2   2 
12  sin  ( csc )  cos  ( sec )

13 1 1
  sin    cos  
sin  cos 
(b) cos(  )   cos   1  (1)
 12   2
   
 13 
12

13 cot(  )    cot 
11.  cot  csc       cot  sec 
   2  sec 
 3  csc    
(c) sec      csc  2 
 2  cos 
13 
 cos 
 sin  
1
5 
1 sin  cos 
cos 
 3   cos 2 
(d) csc       sec  1
 2   
sin  sin 
 13 
    1  cos 2 
 12  
sin 
13
 sin 2 
12 
sin 
 sin 

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 Textbook  Chapter 3 Trigonometry (I) Suggested Solutions

18. csc  3     sec(2  )  5

1
12. cot  
3  2 
1 1  sec   sec   5

tan  3 2sec   5
tan   3 5
sec   
  60 or 180  60 2
1 5
 60 or 240 
cos  2
2
cos   
5
    1.159 3 or   1.159 3 (cor. to 5 sig. fig.)
13. csc   3  1.98 or 4.30 (cor. to 3 sig. fig.)
1
 3
sin 
1
sin   
3  
  180  19.471 or 360  19.471 (cor. to 5 sig. fig.) 19. sec() tan      1
2 
 199 or 341 (cor. to 3 sig. fig.) sec  cot   1
1 cos 
 1
cos  sin 
1
1
14. sec    tan 45 sin 
1
 1 sin   1
cos  
cos   1 
2
  180 
When   , sec() is undefined.
2
 No solutions.
15. cot   sin 30
1 1

tan  2
sin 2 (  )
tan   2 20. L.H.S. 
 
  63.435 or 180  63.435 (cor. to 5 sig. fig.) 1  sin    
2 
 63.4 or 243 (cor. to 3 sig. fig.)
sin 2 

1  cos 
1  cos 2 

1  cos 
 
16. cot()  2 tan      1  1  cos 
2 
R.H.S.  1  cos(  )
 cot   2cot   1
 1  ( cos )
cot   1
 1  cos 
1
1 sin 2 (  )
tan    1  cos(  )
tan   1  
1  sin    
  2 
 or  
4 4
 5
 or
4 4
   3 
21. L.H.S.  tan(  ) tan     tan(2  )sec   
2   2 
 tan ( cot )( tan )csc 
 3   tan  csc 
17. 5csc(  )  4sec     2 sin  1
 2   
5csc   4csc   2 cos  sin 
csc   2 1

1 cos 
2  sec 
sin 
1  R.H.S.
sin  
2
 
 or  
6 6
 5
 or
6 6

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New Effective Learning Mathematics Module 2: Algebra and Calculus Teacher’s Reference Volume 1

csc2  25. 2 cos   sec   3

22. L.H.S.  (1  tan ) 2 
cot 2 (  360) 2 cos  
1
3
cos 
csc 2 
 (1  tan ) 2  2 cos   3cos   1  0
2
cot 2 
(2 cos   1)(cos   1)  0
1
1
 (1  tan ) 
2 sin 2
 cos   or cos   1
cos 2  2
 
sin 2    , 2  or 0
3 3
1  5
 (1  tan ) 2   ,
cos 2  3 3
 1  2 tan   tan 2   sec2 
 5
 2 tan   sec 2   sec 2     0, or
3 3
 2 tan 
 R.H.S.

26. csc 2   ( 3  1)cot   3  1

23. (a) sec   sec(180  )  sec   ( sec ) 1  cot 2   ( 3  1)cot   3  1
0 cot 2   ( 3  1)cot   3  0
(b) sec1  sec181  sec1  sec(180  1)  0 (cot   3)(cot   1)  0
sec3  sec183  sec3  sec(180  3)  0 cot   3 or cot   1
sec5  sec185  sec5  sec(180  5)  0 1
tan   or tan   1
 3
sec179  sec359  sec179  sec(180  179)  0    
  ,  or   , 2 
 sec1  sec 3  sec 5    sec 359  0 6 6 4 4
 7 3 7
 , or  ,
6 6 4 4
 3 7  7
  , , or
24.  sec   0 and sin   0 6 4 6 4
  lies in quadrant II.
Let OP be the terminal side of , where the coordinates of P are (3, y)
and OP  5 . 
27. tan   cot
5
   3  
 tan    or tan   
2 5  2 5
  3 
  or   
2 5 2 5
3 13
 or 
10 10
y 2  (3) 2  52 3 13
  or
y  4 or  4 (rejected) 10 10
4
 sin  
5
sec(90  ) cot(270  ) csc  tan 
 28. (a) 2sin   sec 
tan 2 (90  )  1 cot 2   1 2sin  sec 
csc  tan  
 cos  cos 
csc 2  2 tan   sec2 
tan 
 2 tan   1  tan 2 
csc 
tan   2 tan   1  0
2
sin 
 cos  (b) 2sin   sec 
1
sin  tan 2   2 tan   1  0 [By (a)]
(tan   1) 2  0
sin 2 
 tan   1
cos 
 
 sin 2  sec   or  
4 4
2
4  5  5
      or
4 4
5  3
16

15

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 Textbook  Chapter 3 Trigonometry (I) Suggested Solutions

 tan   cot   2 .................. (1) 9

29. (a)   sin   cos  
 tan   cot   1 .................. (2) 5
3
(1)  (2): 2 tan   3 
5
3
tan   3 5
2 
5
3
Substitute tan   into (1),
2
 5
3
 cot   2 sin   cos   .................... (1)
 5
2 (c) 
cot  
1 sin   cos   3 5
.................. (2)
2  5

(b) Let OP and OQ be the terminal sides of  and  respectively, where (1)  (2): 2 cos   
2 5
the coordinates of P and Q are (2, 3) and (1, 2) respectively. 5
5
cos   
5

(d) cot(270  )  tan 

sin 

cos 
sin  cos 

OP  (2) 2  (3) 2 cos 2 
2
 13 
 5
OQ  (1) 2  (2) 2  5
2

 
 5  5 
sin(  )   sin   2
3

13
1

3 13 31. (a) sin   cos  
13 2
2
1
(sin   cos )   
2
cos(  )   cos  2
1
 sin   2sin  cos   cos  
2 2 1
5 4
5 1
 1  2sin  cos  
5 4
3
2sin  cos  
4
3
5 sin  cos  
30. (a) sin   cos   8
5
 5
2 (sin   cos ) 2  sin 2   2sin  cos   cos 2 
(sin   cos )  
2
  1  2sin  cos 
 5 
3
sin 2   2sin  cos   cos 2  
1  1 2 
5 8
7
1  2sin  cos  
1 
5 4

2sin  cos   
4  0
5 2
2  sin   0, cos   0
sin  cos   
5  sin   cos   0
7
 sin   cos  
(b) (sin   cos ) 2  sin 2   2sin  cos   cos 2  4
 1  2sin  cos  7

 2 2
 1 2  
 5

9  1
5 sin   cos   2 ...................... (1)
(b) 
 90    180 sin   cos   7 .................. (2)
 2
 sin   0, cos   0
 sin   cos   0

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1 7 cos 
(1)  (2): 2sin    34. (a) Slope of L1     cot 
2 2 sin 
1 7  3 
sin   Slope of L2  tan       cot 
4  2 
   Slope of L1  Slope of L2
cos       sin 
2 
 L1 is parallel to L2.
1 7

4 sec 
(b) Slope of L1    tan 
 csc 
Slope of L2  cot(  )   cot 

 Slope of L1  Slope of L2  tan   ( cot )

32. (a) 1  tan 2   sec 2 
sec   tan 2   1
2  1 
 tan     
(sec   tan )(sec   tan )  1  tan  
 1
5
(sec   tan )  1
3  L1 is perpendicular to L2.
3
sec   tan  
5

tan A  tan B
 5 35. (a) tan( A  B) 
sec   tan   3
.................. (1) 1  tan A tan B
(b)  tan A  tan B
sec   tan   3 tan(  C ) 
.................. (2) 1  tan A tan B
 5
tan A  tan B
 tan C 
(1)  (2): 2sec  
34 1  tan A tan B
15  tan C  tan A tan B tan C  tan A  tan B
sec  
17 tan A  tan B  tan C  tan A tan B tan C
15
 5
15 (b) Let A  and B  C  .
cos   6 12
17
 5 5  5 5
16 tan  tan  tan  tan tan tan
(2)  (1): 2 tan    6 12 12 6 12 12
15
1 5 1 5
8  2 tan  tan 2
tan    3 12 3 12
15
5 5
tan 2  2 3 tan 1  0
 3 
sin       cos  12 12
 2 
5 (2 3)  (2 3)  4(1)(1)
2
15
 tan 
17 12 2(1)
2 3  16
 3  
cot       tan  2
 2 
2 3 4
8 
 2
15
 3  2 or 3  2 (rejected)

33. (a) 1  cot 2   csc2 

csc 2   cot 2   1
(csc   cot )(csc   cot )  1 Revision Exercise 3 ( page 3.52)
1
(csc   cot )  1
3 
csc   cot   3 1. (a) 165  165 
180
11
 rad
 1
csc   cot   ...................... (1) 12
(b)  3
csc   cot   3 ....................... (2) 
(b) 234  234 
10 180
(1)  (2): 2csc   13
3  rad
10
5
csc  
3
3
sin  
5
  0.644 (cor. to 3 sig. fig.)

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 Textbook  Chapter 3 Trigonometry (I) Suggested Solutions

180 csc 
2. (a) 4.3c  4.3  5.  csc2 
 sin 
 246 (cor. to 3 sig. fig.)  1  cot 2 
 1  32
7 7  180  10
(b) rad  
9 9 
 140
6. (a)   is an obtuse angle.
 90    180
3. (a) OP  (4) 2  (3) 2  5 Let OP be the terminal side of , where the coordinates of P are
3 3 (4, 3).
sin   
5 5
4 4
cos   
5 5
3 3
tan   
4 4
5 5
csc    OP  (4) 2  32  5
3 3
3
5 5  sin  
sec    5
4 4
4 4 4
cot    (b) cos   
5
3 3
5
csc  
3
(b) OP  1  (2)  5
2 2
4  4
  5  
2 2 5 cot   5cos  3  5
sin     
5 5 csc  5
3
1 5 8
cos    
5 5 5
2
tan    2
1
7.  sin   0 and cot   0
5 5
csc      lies in quadrant II.
2 2
Let OP be the terminal side of , where the coordinates of P are
sec  
5
 5 ( x, 2 ) and OP  2 .
1
1 1
cot   
2 2

4. Let OP be the terminal side of  , where the coordinates of P are (2, 1).

x 2  ( 2 ) 2  22
x  2 (rejected) or  2

2
 cos   
2
OP  22  (1) 2  5 sec    2
2
1 5  cos   sec     ( 2 )
 sin    2
5 5
3 2

2 2 5 2
cos   
5 5
1 1 8. a 2  (1) 2  22
tan   
2 2 a  3 or  3 (rejected)

sec  
5 cot    3
2 1
tan   
3
5
csc    5 3
1 cos  
2

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New Effective Learning Mathematics Module 2: Algebra and Calculus Teacher’s Reference Volume 1

 1  tan  cot 
 3  7   14. L.H.S.  
cot   7 tan   3 1  tan  1  cot 
 
cos  3 tan   tan  cot   cot   tan  cot 

2 1  cot   tan   tan  cot 
3  7 2 tan   tan  
1
 cot   tan  
1
 
3 3  tan  tan 
1
8 1  cot   tan   tan  
 tan 
3
tan   1  cot   1

1  cot   tan   1
1
 sin  tan   cot   2
csc   sin  sin  
9.  (tan   cot   2)
cot  cos 
 1
sin 
 R.H.S.
1  sin 2 
 sin 
cos  15. L.H.S.
sin  sin   1 sin   1
 
cos 2  csc   cot  csc   cot 

cos  sin  csc   sin  cot   csc   cot   csc  sin   csc   cot  sin   cot 

 cos  csc 2   cot 2 
 2sin  csc   2 cot 
1
sec 2  sec 2   2sin    2 cot 
10.  sin 
1  cos   sin  sec  sin   sin 4  sec 2 
2 4 2 2
 2(1  cot )
sec2 
  R.H.S.
sin 2 (1  sin 2  sec2 )
sec 2 

sin (1  tan 2 ) 3  3
16. L.H.S.  csc2   
2
    sin(  )sec   
sec2   2   2 

sin 2  sec 2   sec2   sin  csc 
 csc 2   sec2   sin 
1
sin 
 sec2   1
     tan 2 
sin     csc    
11.  2 2   cos  sec   
cot  cot  R.H.S.  cot 2    
1 2 
cos    tan 2 
 cos 
cot   3   3   
 csc2      sin(  ) sec      cot 2    
1  2   2  2 

cot 
 tan 
17. cot   1
1
1
tan() tan 
12.  cos(  90) csc(180  )   tan   tan   ( sin ) csc 
cot  tan   1
1
  tan 2   sin     45 or 180  45
sin 
 45 or 225
  tan 2   1
 (1  tan 2 )
  sec 2  18. sin 60 sec   1  0
3
sec   1  0
1  sec  2
13. L.H.S.  2
tan   sin  sec   
3
1
1 1 2
 cos  
sin  cos  3
 sin 
cos  3
cos   
cos   1 2
 cos    180  30 or 180  30
sin (cos   1)
 150 or 210
cos 
1

sin 
 csc 
 R.H.S.

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 Textbook  Chapter 3 Trigonometry (I) Suggested Solutions

19. cos300 csc   1 2

 3 4
cos(360  60) csc   1 cos    1      
 5 5
cos 60 csc   1
3
1
csc   1 
sin  5
2  
csc   2 1  2cos   4
1  2  
1  5
2 1
sin 
1
sin  
2
  30 or 180  30 24. (a)         2 ( sum of polygon)
      2  
 30 or 150
sec(     )  sec(2  )
 sec 
 (b)      (opp. s, cyclic quad.)
20. sec   2 tan
4   
1
 2 1 csc   csc(   )
cos   csc 
1
cos  
2
  25. Let PC  x and QC  y .
 or 2 
3 3  O is the centroid of ABC.
 5
 or  AC  2 PC
3 3
 2x
BC  2QC
 3   2y
21. 5 tan(  )  2 cot     3  0
 2  tan  
PC
5 tan   2 tan    3 BC
x
3 tan    3 
2y
3
tan    cot  
AC
3 QC
 
  or 2  2x
6 6 
5 11 y
 or
6 6 L.H.S.  4 tan 
4x

2y
 
22. sin(  )cot   cos      0 
2x
2  y
cos 
sin    sin   0  cot 
sin 
 R.H.S.
cos   sin 
sin 
1
cos  26. 2cos   3sec   5
tan   1 3
2cos   5
  cos 
 or  
4 4 2cos 2   3  5cos 
 5
 or 2cos   5cos   3  0
2
4 4
(2cos   1)(cos   3)  0
1
cos    or cos   3 (rejected)
2
sin 2  3  
23.    or  
1  2 cos 2  19 3 3
19sin 2   3  6 cos 2  2 4
 or
19sin 2   3  6(1  sin 2 ) 3 3
25sin 2   9
9
sin 2   27. tan   sec   1
25
3 tan 2   (sec   1) 2
  sec 2   1  sec2   2sec   1
2
 sin   0, cos   0 2sec   2
1
3  1
 sin    cos 
5
cos   1


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New Effective Learning Mathematics Module 2: Algebra and Calculus Teacher’s Reference Volume 1

28. 2  cot   csc  31. L.H.S.  (1  sin x)(1  sin x  cos x)

(2  cot )2  csc 2   1  sin x  cos x  sin x  sin 2 x  sin x cos x
4  4 cot   cot 2   1  cot 2   1  2sin x  cos x  sin 2 x  sin x cos x
4 cot   3 R.H.S.  (1  sin x  cos x)(1  cos x  cot x  csc x)
3  1  cos x  cot x  csc x  sin x  sin x cos x  sin x cot x
cot   
4  sin x csc x  cos x  cos 2 x  cos x cot x  cos x csc x
4
tan     1  cot x  csc x  sin x  sin x cos x  sin x 
cos x
3 sin x
    0.927 30 or 2  0.927 30 (cor. to 5 sig. fig.) 1 cos x 1
 sin x   (1  sin 2 x)  cos x   cos x 
 2.21 or 5.36 (cor. to 3 sig. fig.) sin x sin x sin x
1 cos 2 x
 1  sin x  cos x  sin 2 x  sin x cos x  
sin x sin x
5 sin 2 x
29. (a) tan   cot    1  sin x  cos x  sin 2 x  sin x cos x 
2 sin x
5
2
 1  2sin x  cos x  sin 2 x  sin x cos x
(tan   cot )   
2

2  (1  sin x)(1  sin x  cos x)  (1  sin x  cos x)(1  cos x  cot x  csc x)
25
tan 2   2 tan  cot   cot 2  
4
1 25 32.  The equation has two equal real roots.
(sec   1)  2 tan  
2
 (csc   1) 
2
tan  4
  0
25
sec   csc  
2 2
(4cos )  4(2)(3sin )  0
2
4
16cos 2   24sin   0
tan   cot  
5 2cos 2   3sin   0
(b)
2 2(1  sin 2 )  3sin   0
sin  cos  5 2sin 2   3sin   2  0
 
cos  sin  2 (2sin   1)(sin   2)  0
sin   cos 
2 2
5 2sin   1  0 or sin   2  0

cos  sin  2 1
5 sin   or sin   2 (rejected)
sec  csc   2
2   is an obtuse angle.
25
sec2  csc 2   5
4  
6

30. (a) (sin   cos ) 2  sin 2   2sin  cos   cos 2  33.  The equation has two distinct real roots.
 1  2sin  cos 
 0
1
 1  2  (4sin ) 2  4(3)[2(1  cos )]  0
2
2 16sin 2   24  24 cos   0
3 16(1  cos 2 )  24  24 cos   0
  16  16 cos 2   24  24 cos   0
2
 sin   0, cos   0 16 cos 2   24 cos   8  0
 sin   cos   0 8(2 cos 2   3cos   1)  0
(2 cos   1)(cos   1)  0
 sin   cos    2
1
 cos   1
2
(b) (sin   cos )2  sin 2   2sin  cos   cos 2  
 1  2sin  cos   0
3
1
 1  2 
2
0
 sin   cos   0 34. (a) Let f ( x)  6 x3  5 x 2  3x  2.
f (1)  6(1)3  5(1) 2  3(1)  2  0
sin   cos    2 ...................... (1)  x  1 is a factor of 6 x3  5 x 2  3x  2.
(c) 
sin   cos   0 ........................... (2)
(b)
(1)  (2): 2sin    2
2
sin   
2
2
csc   
2
 2

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 Textbook  Chapter 3 Trigonometry (I) Suggested Solutions

 f ( x)  ( x  1)(6 x 2  x  2)  OC  BC (sides opp. equal s)

 ( x  1)(3 x  2)(2 x  1)  AB (given)

6sec3   5sec 2   3sec   2  0 (c) AC  OA  OC

(sec   1)(3sec   2)(2sec   1)  0  OA  AB
 (1  x) cm
2 1
 sec   1 or sec    (rejected) or sec   (rejected)
3 2 ( AB) 2  (OA)( AC )
0 x 2  (1)(1  x)
x2  1  x

35.  sin  and sec  are the roots of the equation 2 x 2  kx  1  0. (d) x 2  x  1  0

 Sum of roots  sin   sec   

k 1  12  4(1)(1)
..................... (1) x
2 2(1)
1
Product of roots  sin  sec   ...................... (2) 1  5
2 
2
1
From (2), tan  
2 1  5
Since x  0, x 
 2
 0
2 5 1
AB  cm
1 5 2
 sin   , sec  
5 2
1 5
Substitute sin   and sec   into (1),
5 2
1 5 k
 
5 2 2
2  ( 5 )2 k

2 5 2  1
csc 
 25 10 sin 
k  (2)   10
2 5 OA
7 
 AB
5 2
2

7 5 
5 5 1
2
4 5 1
 
36. (a) OAB  OBA (base s, isos. ) 5 1 5 1
1  4( 5  1)
   ( sum of ) 
2 5 5 1
2  5 1

5
BCA  BAC (base s, isos. )
37.
2

5
 2  ( sum of )
ABC  2  
 5 

ABC 
5
 BOA (a) (i) AF // DE

 OAB BCA (A. A. A.) CAF  
3

BC CA
 (corr. sides, ~ s) AN  
 cos    
OA AB x 3 
AB AC  
 AN  x cos    
OA AB 3 
 ( AB) 2  (OA)( AC )  PR  AN
 
(b)  OBC  OBA  ABC  x cos    
2  3 
 
5 5 AM
(ii)  cos 
 AB

5 AM  x cos 
 BOC

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New Effective Learning Mathematics Module 2: Algebra and Calculus Teacher’s Reference Volume 1

 PQ  AM 38. (a) (i) AK  h cot 

 x cos 
BK  h cot 

(iii) DBQ    CK  h cot 
2
  
CBQ       (ii) AC  AK  KC
3 2 
 h(cot   cot  ) [By (a)(i)]

 
6  ABC  ( in semi-circle)
2
LC   a
 sin      cos  
BC  6 h(cot   cot  )
   
 cos        (b) In ABK, by the cosine formula,
 2  6 
BK 2  AK 2  AB 2  2( AK )( AB ) cos 
 2 
LC  x cos   
 3   h 2 cot 2   h 2 cot 2   a 2  2(h cot )(a ) cos 

 QR  LC a 2  h 2 (cot 2   cot 2 )
 cos  
 2  2ah cot 
 x cos   
 3 
(c) (i) From the results of (a)(ii) and (b),
(b) PQ  QR  PR a a 2  h 2 (cot 2   cot 2 )
 ...................... (*)
 2    h(cot   cot  ) 2ah cot 
 x cos   x cos      x cos    
 3  3    
Substitute a  3 ,   ,   and   into (*),
 2    6 4 3
cos   cos      cos    
 3  3  3 3  h 2 (3  1)

 1  2( 3)( 3)h
  2     h 3  
(c) (i) cos  cos     cos     3
4  3 4 3 4 3 3  2h 2

2 5  4h 6h
 cos  cos
2 12 12 18  12  8h 2 [ h  0]
2     h2 
3
 cos     cos
2  2 12  12 4
  3
2
 sin  cos  h
2 12 12 2
  2
cos  sin  ...................... (1) 3
12 12 2 (ii) Substitute h  into the result of (a)(ii),
2
  2
(ii) cos  sin  3 3
12 12 2 cos   
3 1  2
 3
2
  2 
2
 
 cos  sin     2  3
 12 12   2 
  1   
1  2sin cos     0 
12 12 2 6  2
  1
2sin cos 
12 12 2
  3 sec2 x  tan x
1  2sin cos  y
12 12 2 39. (a) (i)
2 sec2 x  tan x
   3
 sin  cos   1  tan 2 x  tan x
 12 12  2 
1  tan 2 x  tan x
 
 sin  0, cos 0 1 t2  t
12 12 Let t  tan x, y 
1 t2  t
  6 t2  t 1
 cos  sin  ......................... (2)  2
12 12 2 t  t 1
(d) (1)  (2): 2 2
1 1
(ii) t 2  t  1  t 2  t        1
 6 2 2 2
2 cos  
12 2 2 2
 1 3
 6 2  t   
cos   2 4
12 4 2
 1
t    0
 2
2
 1 3 3
t     0   0
 2 4 4
 t 2  t  1  0 for all t.

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 Textbook  Chapter 3 Trigonometry (I) Suggested Solutions

t 2  t 1 (c)
(b) y
t 2  t 1
y (t 2  t  1)  t 2  t  1
( y  1)t 2  ( y  1)t  ( y  1)  0
For all real numbers t,
 0
 ( y  1) 2  4( y  1) 2  0
( y  2 y  1)  4( y 2  2 y  1)  0
2

y2  2 y  1  4 y2  8 y  4  0  lies in quadrant III .

3 y 2  10 y  3  0
(d)
3 y 2  10 y  3  0
( y  3)(3 y  1)  0
1
  y3
3
1 sec2 x  tan x
  3
3 sec2 x  tan x

40. - 42. Solutions are not available for the public exam questions due to
copyright restrictions.  lies in quadrant I .

Concept Checkpoint 3.2 ( page 3.20)

Concept Checkpoint 1.  Quadrant csc  sec  cot 

Concept Checkpoint 3.1 ( page 3.11) (a) 39 I   

1. (a)   180  39 (b) 313 IV   

 141 4
(c) II   
5
(b)   360  137 9
(d) III   
 223 8
(e) 2 rad II   
(c)   (360  140)
 220 (f) 1 rad IV   

(d)   360  (90  40)

 410 2. (a) OP  52  122  13
13
csc  
12
2. (a)
13
sec  
5
5
cot  
12

(b) OP  (8)2  152  17

17
csc  
15
 lies in quadrant II .
17
sec   
(b) 8
8
cot   
15

(c) x 2  (5) 2  132

x  12 (rejected) or 12
13
csc   
5

 lies in quadrant IV . sec   

13
12
12
cot  
5

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New Effective Learning Mathematics Module 2: Algebra and Calculus Teacher’s Reference Volume 1

(d) 242  y 2  252 Classwork 3.5 ( page 3.7)

y  7 (rejected) or  7
2
(a) x
25
csc    5
7 2
x  
25 5
sec   3
24 
5
24
cot   
7  
(b) y  
6 2
 
y   
6 2
Classwork 

3
Classwork 3.1 ( page 3.4)
 2  8
AB (c) z   2
 rad 3 9
OA 2  8
15 z  2  
= rad 3 9
9 4
5 
 rad 9
3

Classwork 3.6 ( page 3.14)

Classwork 3.2 ( page 3.5)
 (a) OP  82  152  17
(a) 34  34  rad
180 15
 sin  
 0.593 rad (cor. to 3 sig. fig.) 17

 8
(b) 152  152  rad cos  
180 17
 2.65 rad (cor. to 3 sig. fig.) 15
tan  
8

Classwork 3.3 ( page 3.5) (b) OP  (12) 2  52  13


(a) 72  72  rad  sin  
5
180 13
2
 rad
5 12
cos   
13

(b) 270  270  rad 5
180 tan   
3 12
 rad
2
(c) OP  ( 3 ) 2  (1) 2  2

(c) 1 080  1 080  rad 1
180  sin   
 6 rad 2

3
cos   
2
Classwork 3.4 ( page 3.6)
1 3
tan   
180 3 3
(a) 3.5  3.5 
c

 201 (cor. to 3 sig. fig.) (d) 12  b 2  ( 2 ) 2

  180 b  1 (rejected) or 1
(b) rad  
15 15  1 2
 sin    
 12 2 2

3 3 180 1 2
(c)   cos   
2 2  2 2
 270
tan   1

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 Textbook  Chapter 3 Trigonometry (I) Suggested Solutions

Classwork 3.7 ( page 3.16) sec  

3

3 2
2 2 4
(a) (i) Let OP be the terminal side of , where the coordinates of P are
(a, 3) and OP  5 .
Alternative method:
 270    360
 cos   0
 sin 2   cos 2   1
 cos 2   1  sin 2 
2
 1
 a 2  32  52  1   
 3
a  4 (rejected) or  4 8
4 
 cos    9
5
2 2 2 2
cos   or  (rejected)
3 3 3
tan   
4
2 2
 3 cos 
5   cot    3  2 2
5 tan   3 
2 sin  
1
    
4
(ii) tan  
2
3
cos   4  
4
1 1 3 2
5 sec    
21 cos  2 2 4

4 3

(b) (i) Let OP be the terminal side of , where the coordinates of P are (b) Let OP be the terminal side of , where the coordinates of P are (5, y)
(7, 24). and OP  13.

(5) 2  y 2  132
 OP  7  (24)
2 2 2
y  12 or 12 (rejected)
OP  25 or  25 (rejected) 12
sin  
24 13
 sin   
25 13
sec   
7 5
cos  
25 5
cot   
12
24
 1
sin   1 24 25
(ii) tan     Alternative method:
cos   1 7 7
1 
25  
3 2

28  sin   0
 sin 2   cos 2   1
 sin 2   1  cos 2 
Classwork 3.8 ( page 3.24) 2
 5 
(a) Let OP be the terminal side of , where the coordinates of P are (x, 1)  1   
 13 
and OP  3. 144

169
12 12
sin   or  (rejected)
13 13

1 1 13
sec    
cos   5 5
x 2  (1) 2  32 13
x2 2 or  2 2 (rejected) 5

cos  13 5
cot   2 2 cot    
sin  12 12
13

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New Effective Learning Mathematics Module 2: Algebra and Calculus Teacher’s Reference Volume 1

Classwork 3.9 ( page 3.25) Classwork 3.10 ( page 3.26)

(a) Let OP be the terminal side of , where the coordinates of P are (x, 3) sin  cos 

and OP  5. tan   cot  cos  sin 
(a) 
csc  1
sin 
sin 2   cos 2 
  sin 
sin  cos 
1

cos 
 sec 
x 2  32  52
x  4 (rejected) or  4 1
cos  
cos   sec  cos 
3 (b) 
tan    tan  sin 
4 cos 
5 cos 2   1 cos 
sec     
4 cos  sin 
3  5 1
  2     sin  
2
tan   2sec  4  4 sin 
 
sin  3   sin 
5
13
  1  sin 
(c) (csc   sin ) tan     sin   
 4  sin   cos 
3
1  sin 2  sin 
5  
65 sin  cos 

12 cos 2

cos 
(b) Let OP be the terminal side of , where the coordinates of P are  cos 
(3, 2).
(d) (cot   cot 3 )sec   cot (1  cot 2 )sec 
cos  1
  csc 2  
sin  cos 
1 1
 
sin  sin 2 
 csc3 

OP  (3) 2  (2) 2
 13 Classwork 3.11 ( page 3.27)
tan  
2 sec   sin 
(a) L.H.S. 
3 cos   csc 
13 1
sec     sin 
3  cos 
1
3 3 cos  
  sin 
sec   tan  13 2
  1  sin  cos 
3 3
 cos 
3
 sin  cos   1
 13  2 sin 
3 1  sin  cos  sin 
9  
 cos  (1  sin  cos )
2  13
sin 
9 2  13 
  cos 
2  13 2  13   tan 
9  (2  13)  R.H.S.

22  ( 13) 2
 2  13

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 Textbook  Chapter 3 Trigonometry (I) Suggested Solutions

(1  cos )(sec   1) Classwork 3.13 ( page 3.34)

(b) L.H.S. 
cos 
(a) sin(180  )  sin(360  )  sin   sin 
 1 
(1  cos )   1  2sin 
  cos  
cos 
(b) cos() tan(2  )  cos  tan 
 1  cos  
(1  cos )  
 cos    sin  
  cos   
cos   cos  
1  cos 2   sin 

cos 2 
sin 2  (c) sin()cot(2  )   sin  cot 
  cos  
cos 2    sin   
 tan 2   sin  
 R.H.S.   cos 

csc(  )  csc 
(d) 
Classwork 3.12 ( page 3.33) cot(2  )  cot 
1
4  
(a) tan  tan     sin 
3  3 
cos 

 tan sin 
3 1
 3 
cos 
 sec 
  
(b) csc      csc
 3 3 tan()csc(  )  tan  csc 
(e) 

1 cos(2  ) cos 

sin sin   1 
3  
cos   sin  

1 
3 cos 
1
2 
2 3 cos 2 
    sec 2 
3 3
2 3
 cot(  )  cot 
3 (f) 
cos(  ) csc(2  )  cos  csc 
cos 
(c) sec315  sec(360  45)
 sin 
 sec 45
 1 
1 cos   
  sin  
cos 45 1
1

1
2
Classwork 3.14 ( page 3.37)
 2
cot  sec(360  ) cot  sec 
(a) 
3   csc(180  )csc() csc ( csc )
(d) cot  cot     csc 
4  4  sec 
  sec 
  cot  csc 2 
4
csc 
1 
 csc2 

tan 1
4 
 1 csc 
  sin 

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New Effective Learning Mathematics Module 2: Algebra and Calculus Teacher’s Reference Volume 1

cos   3  cos  (sin   cos ) 2  sin 2   2 sin  cos   cos 2 

(b)  sin     cot    ( cos )cot 
cot(2  )  2   cot   1  2sin  cos 
cos  cos   60 
  cos    1 2 
cos  sin  
  169 
sin  289
cos 2  
  sin   169
sin 
17 17
(sin 2   cos 2 )  sin   cos   or  (rejected)
 13 13
sin 
1
  7
sin  sin   cos   13 ................... (1)
  csc  (b) 
sin   cos   17 .................. (2)
 13

Classwork 3.15 ( page 3.37) 24

(1)  (2): 2sin  
13
cot (  360)
2
(a) L.H.S.  (1  cos ) 2  12
sec2 (  90) sin  
13
cot 2 
 (1  cos ) 2  10
csc 2  (1)  (2): 2 cos   
13
cos 2 
5
 (1  cos )  sin 
2
2
cos   
1 13
sin 2  cot(  )  cot 
 1  2 cos   cos 2   cos 2  cos 

 1  2 cos  sin 
 R.H.S. 5

 13
cot 2 (  ) 12
(b) L.H.S.  [1  csc(  2)]2  13
cos 2 
cot 2  
5
 (1  csc ) 2  12
cos 2 
cos 2 
 (1  csc )  sin 2 
2
2

cos  Classwork 3.17 ( page 3.41)

1
 (1  csc ) 
2
(a) sec   1
sin 2  1
 1  2csc   csc 2   csc2  1
cos 
 1  2csc  cos   1
R.H.S.  csc (sin   2) 0
1
 (sin   2) cot    3
sin  (b)
2 1
 1  3
sin  tan 
 1  2 csc  tan   
1
cot 2 (  ) 3
 [1  csc(  2)]2   csc (sin   2)  
cos 2    or 2 
6 6
5 11
 or
Classwork 3.16 ( page 3.38) 6 6
7 
(a) sin   cos   (c) csc   2 tan
13 4
2
 7   2
(sin   cos ) 2   
 13  1
 2
49 sin 
sin   2sin  cos   cos  
2 2
1
169 sin   
49 2
1  2sin  cos    
169   or 2 
6 6
60
sin  cos    7 11
169  or
6 6

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 Textbook  Chapter 3 Trigonometry (I) Suggested Solutions

 (b) 3cot 2   5csc   1  0

(d) cot   csc
4 cos 2  5
1 1 3 2  1  0
 sin  sin 
tan  sin 
4 3cos 2   5sin   sin 2   0
 3(1  sin 2 )  5sin   sin 2   0
tan   sin
4 2sin 2   5sin   3  0
  0.615 48 or   0.615 48 (cor. to 5 sig. fig.)
(2sin   1)(sin   3)  0
 0.615 or 3.76 (cor. to 3 sig. fig.)
2sin   1 or sin   3 (rejected)
1
sin  
2
Classwork 3.18 ( page 3.42)  
 or  
(a) sec(270  )  3csc()  2 2 6 6
 5
csc   3csc   2 2  or
6 6
2 csc   2 2
csc    2
1
 2
sin 
1
sin    Stage Assessment
2
  180  45 or 360  45 Stage Assessment 3.1 ( page 3.7)
 225 or 315
1. Degree measure Radian measure

(b) sin(180  )csc   2cos(90  ) (a) 10


sin  csc   2sin  18
2sin   sin  csc   0 
(b) 36
sin (2  csc )  0 5

sin   0 (c) 45
4
  0 or 180
2
or 2  csc   0 (d) 120
3
csc   2 5
(e) 300
1 3
 2
sin  11
1 (f) 330
6
sin   
2 (g) 360 2
  180  30 or 360  30
 210 or 330 (h) 1 260 7

When   0 or 180, csc  is undefined.

   210 or 330  2
2. (a) a   
3 5
 2
a   
3 5
Classwork 3.19 ( page 3.43)
4

(a) tan   3 cot   1  3 15
3
tan   1 3 4
tan  (b) b  b  
7
tan   3  (1  3) tan 
2
4
2b   
tan 2   (1  3) tan   3  0 7
3
(tan   3)(tan   1)  0 2b 
7
tan   3 or tan   1 3
b
    14
 ,  or  , 
3 3 4 4
 4  5 
 , or  , (c) c  c   2
3 3 4 4 2
  5 4 
  , , or 2c  2 
4 3 4 3 2
3
2c 
2
3
c
4

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New Effective Learning Mathematics Module 2: Algebra and Calculus Teacher’s Reference Volume 1

Stage Assessment 3.2 ( page 3.17) Stage Assessment 3.3 ( page 3.27)
1. (a)  (b)  1 1
1. sec  csc   
(c)  (d)  cos  sin 
1 cos 
(e)   
cos 2  sin 
 sec 2  cot 
2. OP  (2) 2  12  5  (1  tan 2 )cot 
 1 
 sin  
1

5  1  2 
cot 
5 5  cot  
 1 
2 2 5  1  2   4
cos      4 
5 5
17
1 
tan    4
2

 sin  cos  
3. (4)2  b 2  52 2. sin (tan   cot )  sin    
 cos  sin  
b  3 (rejected) or  3
 sin 2   cos 2  
3  sin   
 sin     sin  cos  
5
1

4 cos 
cos   
5  sec 
3
tan  
4 1
csc 2  sin 2

3. 
tan   cot  sin  cos 
4. Let OP be the terminal side of , where the coordinates of P are 
cos  sin 
(15, 8). 1
 sin 2

sin 2   cos 2 
cos  sin 
cos 

sin 
 cot 
OP  (15) 2  (8) 2
 17
tan   cot 
8 4. L.H.S. 
 sin    sec   cos 
17
sin  cos 
15 
cos   
17  cos  sin 
1
 cos 
8  15  7 cos 
 sin   cos      
17  17  17 sin 2   cos 2 
 sin  cos 
1  cos 2 
5. Let OP be the terminal side of , where the coordinates of P are (1, b) cos 
and OP  3 . 1 cos 
 
sin  cos  sin 2 
1

sin 3 
 csc3 
 R.H.S.

12  b 2  32
b  2 2 (rejected) or  2 2

2 2
 sin   
3

tan   2 2

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 Textbook  Chapter 3 Trigonometry (I) Suggested Solutions

5. Let OP be the terminal side of , where the coordinates of P are (2, 1). 5. L.H.S.  sec 2 (180  )  sin(360  )csc()
 sec 2   sin ( csc )
1
 sec 2   sin  
sin 
 sec 2   1
 tan 2 
 R.H.S.
OP  (2) 2  12  5
1 1
tan     
2 2 6. sin    [sec   cos(  )]  0
1 2 
sin   cos (sec   cos )  0
5
2 2 cos  sec   cos 2   0
cos    1
5 5 cos    cos 2   0
cos 
csc  
5
 5 1  cos 2   0
1 sin 2   0
1
 
1 sin   0
tan   sin  2 5   0 or 
 
cos   csc   2  5
5
1
 5 2 7. (a) sin   cos  
3
2 5
 (sin   cos ) 2 
1
2  5 9
5 1
sin 2   2sin  cos   cos 2  
5 2 9

14 1
1  2sin  cos  
9
8
2sin  cos  
9
Stage Assessment 3.4 ( page 3.43)
4
sin  cos  
tan(90  )cot(90  ) cot ( tan ) 9
1. 
sec(180  )  sec 
(sin   cos ) 2  sin 2   2sin  cos   cos 2 
cos  sin 
  1  2sin  cos 
 sin  cos  4
1  1  2 
cos  9
 cos  17

9
3
 
  2
2. sin(  ) tan      cos(  )   sin  cot   ( cos )  sin   0, cos   0
2 
cos   sin   cos   0
  sin    cos 
sin  17
  cos   cos   sin   cos   
3
 2cos 
(b) sin(  )  sin 
1
3. cos 2 (90  )  sin 2 (180  )cot 2 (270  )  sin 2   sin 2  tan 2   [(sin   cos )  (sin   cos )]
2
 sin 2 (1  tan 2 )
11 17 
 sin 2  sec 2     
23 3 
1
 sin 2   1  17
cos 2  
 tan 2  6

    8. (a) 1  tan 2   sec 2 

4. sin(  )csc     tan       sin  sec  cot 
2  2  sec   tan 2   1
2

1 cos  (sec   tan )(sec   tan )  1

  sin   
cos  sin  (sec   tan )  2  1
 1 1
sec   tan  
2

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New Effective Learning Mathematics Module 2: Algebra and Calculus Teacher’s Reference Volume 1

sec   tan   2 ................... (1)


(b)  1
sec   tan   2 .................. (2)
5
(1)  (2): 2sec  
2
4
cos  
5
  36.9 (cor. to 3 sig. fig.)

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