Diesel engine protection systems

1 Study the picture. Discuss the questions

1. What kind of protection must we provide at sea?
2. Do we need to ensure good protection systems for engine operation? Why?
3. What is the purpose of diesel engine control? Engine safety? Engine monitoring?

Vocabulary
2 Match the words with the definitions
a reduction in speed, activity, or the rate that things
1 alarm A
are produced

2 flame trap B stopping operating permanently

an arrangement in which the operation of one part or
3 shutting down C mechanism automatically brings about or prevents the
operation of another
a device (as a wire gauze across a nozzle inlet) for
4 slowing down D preventing the flame of burning gas from backing up into
the supply pipe and causing an explosion
a signal (such as a loud noise or flashing light) that warns
5 interlock E
or alerts

1 E 2 D 3 B 4 A 5 C

3 Complete the sentences with the words from 2.

1 _______Alarm______: When the engine parameters deviate from a defined value, an
audible and visual ______alarm_____ will sound, giving an early warning of the problem.
2 _Flame trap____When an engineer prevents the flame of burning gas from backing up
into the supply pipe and causing an explosion
3 __Slow Down____ It is the next safety stage when steps taken are not adequate to regulate
the existing problem.
4__Shut down____ The safety devices cut off the fuel supply and the engine stops when
there is a greater fluctuation in the engine parameters that can affect other engine systems.
5 __Starting interlock____: This will not allow the engine to start from the stand-off
condition if the engine has not properly operated or arranged some important system.
Reading
4 Answer the questions:
What diesel parts can be under thorough protection?
Why? What is the purpose for such control?\
- Diesel Parts which can be under protection include: crankcase, cylinder head,
Lube oil, water pumps, water jacket cooling space and scavenger ports.
- Modern diesel engines has do much different protective equipment because due to
their work engineers can monitor all working procedures and control it automatically
to prevent different emergency situations.

5 Read the text and check your guesses.

6 Read the texts again and title the abstracts.

________Main Safety Devices_______

The ship’s propulsion engine goes through various loads and stresses from rough conditions
to extreme maneuvers and breakdowns throughout its lifespan. Many safety devices are
installed to protect the engine from major damage and failure to prevent any significant loss
or damage to the marine engine. Basically, Safety devices used in main engine are as
follows:-
 Crankcase Relief Door
 Scavenge Space Relief Door
 Cylinder Head Relief Valve
 Starting Air Relief Valve
 Starting Airline Flame Trap
 Oil Mist Detector
 Rotation Direction Interlock
 Turning Gear Interlock
_______________Guard of Main Engine_______________
The main engine safety devices are provided in the system to safe guard the main
engine in case of any damage in the system Mainly are fitted in engine when all the alarm and
trips fails to work then the last means for safe guarding the engine and components is these
safety devices fitted in the main engine. These are mainly of the type of pressure relief valve
which release the excess pressure built in case of malfunctioning of the engine and no action
is well in advance to rectify or to avoid the situations.
____________Saving Alarms_________________
The alarm systems on marine diesel engines are there to protect the engines from
damage. The fault could be due to loss of oil pressure, overheating, high exhaust temperature,
low fuel pressure; etc. The engine alarm system will reduce engine output (speed). The speed
reduction method is utilized to eliminate or limit damage to an engine, which is
suffering from trouble. These “smart” alarm systems will reduce speed on both engines
simultaneously so that the vessel does not suddenly veer to Port or Starboard.
_________Maintenance And Protection Steps__________
1. If safe to do so, you should stop the affected engine or engines (as you stop the engine look
at what fault is indicated) and perform an engine room inspection avoiding hot or moving
engine parts.
2. You may identify excess engine fluids such as motor oil, engine coolant, seawater, or fuel
in the bilge area.
3. If excess fluids are discovered you should seek service or advice before continuing your
trip.
4. If no fault is immediately apparent you may want to check for a loose or disconnected
electrical connection. In some cases a sensor failure may be the trouble. If you suspect a bad
sensor then you can usually disconnect the suspect sensor and do a static ignition on test,
most alarm systems will immediately register an alarm when the ignition is turned on. The
system alerts the operator if an alarm circuit/sensor has an open connection. Your service
provider can often times help you troubleshoot a suspect “False Alarm”

7 Mark T (True), F (False), DS (doesn’t say).

__F__ There are 10 safety devices of the main engine.
__F__ Only alarms can be the kind of protection.
__T__ Diesel Generator has some alarms and trips and an engineer should monitor its
operation properly.
__T__ Alarm can activated in case of loss of oil pressure, overheating, high exhaust
temperature, low fuel pressure
__T__ The speed increase method is utilized to eliminate or limit damage to an engine,
which is suffering from trouble.
__F__ You may identify excess engine fluids such as motor oil, engine coolant, seawater, or
fuel in the ballast tanks area.
__T__ If safe to do so, you should stop the affected engine or engines and perform an engine
room inspection avoiding hot or moving engine parts.
    
8 Complete the table using the words from the box. Justify your opinion.
Head| Speed| Starting| Thrust| Mist| Temperature| Trip| Manual

Main Engine Safety Devices Main Engine Alarms and Trips

1. Crankcase Relief Door 1. Over Speed Trip

2. Scavenge Space Relief Door 2. Lube Oil Low Pressure Trips

3. Cylinder Head Relief Valve 3. Camshaft Lube Oil Low Pressure Trip
4. Starting Air Relief Valve 4. JCW low pressure trip

5. Starting Airline Flame Trap 5. Piston Cooling Low Pressure Trip

6. Oil Mist Detector 6. Thrust Bearing High Temperature trip

7. Rotation Direction Interlock 7. Main Bearing High Temperature Trip

8. Turning Gear Interlock 8. Oil Mist Detector Alarm

9. Spring Air Low Pressure Trips
10Manual Emergency Trip

9 Choose the best summary of the safety devices function. Justify your opinion.

The main engine safety devices are provided The main engine safety devices are provided
in the system to safe guard the main engine in the system to safe guard the main engine
in case of any damage in the system Mainly and boiler to prevent overheating and
are fitted in engine when all the alarm and blackout. Mainly are fitted on the piping
trips fails to work. leading to the engine.  

Speaking
10 Make a summary about the role of alarms and trips of the diesel engine using the plan:
1) The reasons of alarm and trips application
2) The troubles which can provoke alarm activation
3) What duties an engineer should conduct in case of alarm activation.