KNOWLEDGE INSTITUTE OF

TECHNOLOGY

PLANNING, ANALYSIS AND DESIGN

OF PEDESTRIAN STEEL BRIDGE

GUIDED BY: PROJECT MEMBERS:

Mr. P. Selvakumar M.E., J.Nisha (611216103020)
Assistant Professor, J.Niveditha (611216103021)
Department of Civil Engineering. V.S.Swetha (611216103037)
V.Nandha sriram(611216103311)
 ABSTRACT
A bridge is a structure providing passage over an obstacle without closing the
way beneath. The truss is design for Dead load + Live load + Wind load
combination. A steel truss pedestrian bridge with a isolated foundation is
analyzed and designed.

The analysis and design of the superstructure is done by the

STAAD.Pro v8i software and modeling is done by using REVIT software and
drawing is done by using AUTO CAD. The design is carried out by “Limit
State Method”.

For the design loads act on the member slab, bottom chord member,
vertical member, floor beam, column and footing are taken from manual
calculation on limit state method.

The present work have studied 17m span range of Pratt truss bridge
deck system with steel and arrived a safe steel deck plate
 OBJECTIVES

• We are design the pedestrian steel bridge in Knowledge Institute of

Technology between block-B and block-C.

• Because it is very difficult to reach the block-A from block-C.

• By providing pedestrian bridge, it is easier to save the time to reach

block-A.

• We are planned to design this bridge as a truss bridge using steel structures.

• We are designed the bridge using limit state method of design as per Indian
Standard: 800-2007
 METHODOLOGY
Location and site study

Planning and modelling

Top chord

Load calculation
Manual Bottom chord

Analysis of section
Stadd.pro
Vertical
Design of truss elements

Diagonal
Design of column

Floor beam
Design of footing

Bracing
Connections

Deck
Conclusion

Base plate
 LOCATION AND SITE STUDY
• Our site is situated in Knowledge Institute of Technology between the
block-B and block-C.

• The safe bearing capacity of soil in the site be checked accordingly, for the
bridge to be constructed in the locality.

• Thus, the site contains cohesive soil (medium clay) so safe bearing capacity
is 245kN/m2.
PLANNING AND MODELING:
Site layout:
Plan :
Modeling:
 ANALYSIS OF SECTION

Dimension :
Span of bridge = 23m
Span of truss = 17m
Width of truss = 3m

Live load calculation:

Total Sq.ft = 550 Sq.ft
550Sq.ft /1.5Sq.ft = 370 Persons
Capacity of the bridge is 370 Persons
Total weight of the person =370x100=37000kg
Total load =37000 x 9.81= 370KN
Live load = 123.3kN (3 Joint)
Method of joints:
Force for each member :
S.no Member Force (kN) Nature
1 AB 261.53 Compression
2 AG 184.95 Tension
3 GB 123.3 Tension
4 GF 184.85 Tension
5 BF 87.18 Tension
6 BH 246.58 Compression
7 HF 0 No force
8 HC 246.58 Compression
9 FE 87.20 Tension
10 DC 184.94 Tension
11 DE 261.70 Compression
12 EC 185.05 Tension
13 FC 123.30 Tension
Wind load calculation:
A prior design trail can be made to find this obstructed area as 10% of truss area
= span x height
= 1/100 x 17 x 4.25
= 7.225m²
Total exposed area = 1 + k x 10% span x height
Aw = 9.03m²
Pw = p x Aw
p = 1
Pw = 9.03 kN
Pw x h/2 = Fw x S
Fw = 4.512 kN
WL = Fw/L
WL = 0.26 kn/m
 Dead load calculation:
Group me Rolled Leng Tw Tf Weight Dead Live Live Design
mbe steel th in mm mm Of load load load force
r section mm membe force force force (kN)
r in kg Com Ten
(kN) (kN)
Top BH 2ISLC250 4250 10.7 6.1 28.0 24.65 246.58 271.23
chord HC 2ISLC250 4250 10.7 6.1 28.0 24.65 246.58 271.23

Bottom AG 2ISLC250 4250 10.7 6.1 28.0 24.65 184.9 209.6

chord GF 2ISLC250 4250 10.7 6.1 28.0 24.65 184.9 209.6
FE 2ISLC250 4250 10.7 6.1 28.0 24.65 184.9 209.6

Vertical AB ISLB100 6000 6.4 4.4 8.0 34.8 261.56 296.36

BF ISLB100 6000 6.4 4.4 8.0 34.8 184.9 219.75
FC ISLB100 6000 6.4 4.4 8.0 34.8 87.20 122.00

Diagonal BG ISLB100 4250 6.4 4.4 8.0 34.65 123.3 147.95

HF ISLB100 4250 6.4 4.4 8.0 34.65 0 24.65
CE ISLB100 4250 6.4 4.4 8.0 34.65 123.3 147.95
STADD.Pro ANALYSIS
 DESIGN OF TRUSS ELEMENTS
• Top chord member:
Top chord is an inclined or horizontal member that establishes the
upper edge of a truss. This member is subjected to compressive and bending stresses.

Design:

Design force = 246.58kN

Length = 8.5m

Section-2ISLC250 (back to back)

Spacing = 100mm 2ISLC250 Section

Assume fcd = 180N/mm2 tf = 10.70mm

Capacity of member = 209 x 1250.56 tw = 6.10mm

= 252kN > 246.58kN Hence, safe

Use 2ISLC250 placed back to back with clear gap of 100mm as a section for end
diagonals AB and CD and also for BH and HC.
Bottom chord member:
The bottom chord is the bottom horizontal or inclined
member of a truss. It is also called a scissors truss. It establishes the lower edge
of a truss. It carries a combined stress of both tension and bending of the truss.
Design:

Design force = 246.58kN

Length = 17m

Section-2ISLC250 (back to back)

Spacing = 100mm 2ISLC250 Section

Assume fcd = 170N/mm2 tf = 10.70mm

Capacity of member = 170 x 1285 tw = 6.10mm

= 218.45 > 246.58kN Hence, safe

Use 2ISLC250 placed back to back with clear gap of 100mm as a section for end
diagonals AB and CD and also for BH and HC.
Verticals and Diagonals:
A single span truss bridge is like a simply supported beam because

it carries vertical loads by bending. Bending leads to compression in the top chord,

tension in the bottom chords and either tension, compression in the vertical and

diagonal members, depending on their orientation.

Design:

Maximum force in diagonals = 184.85kN (T)

Maximum force in vertical = 123.30kN (T)

Length of diagonal = 6m Section-ISLB100

Length of vertical = 4.25m tf = 10.70mm , tw = 6.10mm

Strength of solid plate = 828.21 > 785kN

Hence, safe
Floor beam:
A beam is supporting the floor of a building or deck of the bridge. A beam
used in the framing of floors in buildings. A large beam used in a bridge floor at right
angle to the direction of the roadway, to transfer loads to bridge supports.

Design:

Total load = 26.2kN/m

Maximum shear force = Wl/4 = 11.135kN

Maximum bending moment = Wl2/8 = 9.46kNm

Section-ISMB100 @ 11.5kg/m

Check for shear strength, Section-ISMB100 @ 11.5kg/m

Vd = tf = 7.20mm

= 52.48 > 11.135kN tw = 4.00mm

Check for bending moment,

Md = = 10.06 > 9.46kN.m Hence, safe

 Bracing:
A bracing system is a secondary but essential part of a bridge
structure. It serves to stabilize the main girders during construction, to
contribute to the distribution of load effects and to provide restraint to
compression flanges or chords where they would otherwise be free to buckle
laterally.
Design:
Load = 13.65kN
Section-ISA80X80X6mm @ 9.29kg/m
Strength of solid plate = 102.53 > 13.65kN
Hence, safe
 Connections:
Connection are the devices which are used to join elements of a structure
together at a point such that forces can be transferred between them safely.
Members Notations of member / size No.of.bolt or length of weld

Top chord BH 8 bolts

HC 8 bolts

Bottom chord AG 6 bolts

GF 6 bolts
FE 6 bolts
ED 6 bolts
Diagonals AB 8 bolts
CD 8 bolts

Verticals GB 6 bolts
FH 4 bolts
EC 4 bolts
Deck single plate 16 bolts
( 3x 1.7m)

Base slab 250x350x8mm 4 bolts

Floor beam Weld on single side Lw = 417mm

Bracing Weld on single side Lw = 200mm

 DESIGN OF COLUMN
A column is an architecture and structural engineering is a structural element that
transmits through compression, the weight of the structure about to other structural
elements below. In other words a column is a compression member.

Design:
Size of column = 250 x 350mm
Assume fck = 20N/mm2
Assume fy = 415N/mm2
Pu = 0.4Fck Ac + 0.67 Fck Asc
= 837.1 > 335.75kN
Hence, safe
Provide 20mm diameter bars, no. of bars = 4bars
Lateral ties, provide 20mm diameter bars @ 250mm c/c
 DESIGN OF FOOTING
A footing is a concrete support under a foundation that rest in solid ground

and is wider that the structure supported. Footing distribute the weight of the structure

over the ground is said to be footing.

DESIGN:

Load = 335.75kN

SBC = 245kN/m2

Assume fck = 20N/mm2

Assume fy = 415N/mm2

Size of footing, load = 370.95kN

Size = 1.3 x 1.3m2

Nominal bending stress < Permissible bending stress Hence, safe
 CONCLUSION
The section with overview of the entire project report. The pedestrian steel
truss is analyzed by STAAD PRO and the results obtained. The load considered
for the structure is the Dead load, Live load, Wind load. The design of bolt and
weld connections are described. The design of the pedestrian steel truss is
designed based on the provisions according to code book IS800-2007,
Steel table. The manually design was properly proportioned for arriving
safe section as per IS: 800-2007.
The components are designed for the maximum safety of the structure to
future changes has also given due to consideration. It was found that the
pedestrian truss steel bridge with steel plate is safe under service load
conditions for the span of 23m.
Hence this type of pedestrian truss bridge can be adopted for short span
pedestrian bridges for pedestrian in the span range of 3m and design of bridge
deck for pedestrian truss steel bridge was studied.
 REFERENCES
• 1. M.R.Shiyekar- “Design of steel structures” Limit state designing structural steel,

2011.

• 2. S.S.Bhavikatti- “ Design of Steel Structures” by limit statemethod as per IS

800-2007

• 3. N.Subramanian- “Steel structures” N.subaramanian, oxforduniversity pess, 2008.

• 4. Steel table – M.K.S And S.I units , R. Agro , Birlapublications PVT.LTD.2010

• 5. “ Design of Steel Structures” B.C. Punmia, Ashok Kumarjain & Arun Kumar

jain, lakshmi publication ,

• CODAL PROVISIONS
• 1. IS800-2007
• 2. Steel table
• 3. IS456-2000
Thank you