1 Hour

Gain Attention

Sports can be enjoyable as well as a great way to get or stay in

shape. Some sports are individual sports, where one athlete competes on
his or her own merits. Other sports are dual sports, which require two
athletes to compete as a team to win together. Both of these are distinct
from team sports, where larger number of athletes work together. The
main difference between individual and dual sports is the number of
athletes who compete on the same side.

Inform Learners of Objectives

At the end of this module, you should be able to:

Cognitive:

Differentiate Individual, Dual and Team Sports.

Affective:

Understand the benefits of playing sport.        

Psychomotor:

Apply warm-up, stretching and cool down before and after playing
sport.
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Stimulate Recall of Prior Learning

Answer the following questions.

1. Define F.I.T.T Principle.

2. Explain the importance of exercise to one’s fitness.

Present the Content and Provide Learning

Guidance

Segment Title 1 Introduction of Individual, Dual and Team Sports

Individual Sports

● Individual sports are where you play as one team and it refers to
sports in which participants compete as an individual.
● An individual sport is a sport in which participants compete as
individuals.

Examples:

Boxing Swimming
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Athletics Bowling

Dual Sports
● In individual sports, no partner is required to compete or play the game, while dual sports are
sports that require two players on each side. Some sports, such as tennis, can fall into both
categories.

Examples:

Tennis Doubles Badminton Doubles

Sepak Takraw Double Beach Volleyball

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Team Sports
● A team sport includes any sport where individuals are organized
into opposing teams which compete to win.
● Team members act together towards a shared objective. This
can be done in a number of ways such as outscoring the
opposing team. Team members set goals, make decisions,
communicate, manage conflict, and solve problems in a
supportive, trusting atmosphere in order to accomplish their
objectives.

Examples:

Basketball Volleyball

Baseball Water Polo

Difference between Individual, Dual and Team Sports

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● Individual sports are higher amount of discipline, self-confidence, focus and passion. The
Individual player is solely responsible for winning or losing.
● Individual sports are higher amount of discipline, self-confidence, focus and passion. The
Individual player is solely responsible for winning or losing.
● Dual or Team sports many variables are considered to determine the success or failure of the
team. Although individual qualities and skills are helpful, performance will not rely on a single
talent. A team’s performance or success depends on the collective effort of all the players.
● Dual or Team sports many variables are considered to determine the success or failure of the
team. Although individual qualities and skills are helpful, performance will not rely on a single
talent. A team’s performance or success depends on the collective effort of all the players.

ELICIT PERFORMANCE 1: Know your sport

Give at least 5 sports each category (Individual, Dual and Team)

Individual Dual Team

1. 1. 1.
2. 2. 2.
3. 3. 3.
4. 4. 4.
5. 5. 5.

Segment Title 2 Benefits of Playing Sport

1. Better Sleep

Fast Company suggests that exercise and sport triggers chemicals in the brain that can make
you feel happier and relaxed. Team sports provide a chance to unwind and take part in an activity that
improves your fitness. If you play sports outside, you can benefit from fresh air which is said to promote a
good night’s sleep.

2. A Strong Heart

Your heart is a muscle and needs frequent exercise to help it keep fit and healthy. A healthy heart
can pump blood efficiently around your body. Your heart will improve in performance when it is regularly
challenged with exercise. Stronger hearts can improve overall health of the body.

3. New Connections

Sport brings together a mixture of people from different communities, backgrounds, religions and
beliefs. Sport can offer a new way to meet others that you may not interact with day to day. As a result,
you can make new friends. And who knows, playing a sport might even open new career and business
opportunities for you.
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4. Improved Lung Function

Regular sport causes more oxygen to be drawn into the body with carbon monoxide and waste
gases expelled. This increases the lung capacity during sport, improving lung function and efficiency.

5. Increased Confidence

By training frequently and working towards seasonal goals you can build your confidence and
abilities. This is especially noticeable through tournaments and matches where you and your team put
your skills to the test. Small, incremental achievements throughout the year can build personal
confidence over time, giving you the ability to take on new projects and assignments at work with your
new-found confidence.

6. Reduces Stress

When you are physically active your mind gets a chance to unplug from daily stresses and strains
of life. Physical exercise reduces the stress hormones in your body and stimulates the release of
endorphins. These endorphins may give you more energy and focus for whatever life has.

7. Improve Mental Health

The Public Health Agency report that regular participation in sport and being active can also
promote good mental health. This includes improving your mood, enhancing your sense of well-being,
reducing anxiety, combating negative emotions and protecting against depression.

8. Sport Builds Leaders

All sport teams need leaders to show the way and help develop new or younger team members.
An emergentics study has found a correlation between playing sports and strong leadership qualities.
Sports enable people to develop a ‘team mindset’ whether it’s winning, losing or training together.

9. Develop Stronger Relationships

Sports enables you to build better relationships with people you may be aware of, but not know
personally. Through frequent sport you can get to know a lot about an individual’s personality, their
strengths and weaknesses. Sport with colleagues is a good opportunity to build better relationships and
networks that may help you in your job.

10. Sport aids the healthy development of children

Children who play sports develop stronger bones and muscles, leading to a smaller chance of
physical injury. Physical exercise before the onset of puberty has been identified by a New Zealand study
as a way of reaching peak bone mass, enabling children to become stronger – a great foundation for
future growth.
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ELICIT PERFORMANCE 2: You and Sports

1. List down the sports you played before.

2. Explain your experience in playing sport.

3. Will you continue playing sports or not? Explain.

Segment Title 3 Importance of Warm-Up, Stretching and Cool Down

A warm up, stretching and cool down are three (3) vital aspects of physical preparation for sport.
They help prevent injury and look after the wellbeing of the athlete.

1. Warm up

• A warm up should prepare the body for the physical activity ahead. Whether it is a sport, general
exercise or training, a warm up is important for safe participation.
• A warm up should begin with general whole body movements that are low in intensity and slowly
increase this intensity to what will be required during performance. This means, if the athlete will
need to do a 100% flat out sprint, they should slowly progress to this intensity in the warm up:
from a light jog, to running, to sprinting.
• A warm up should also begin without any equipment. If the athlete is participating in a sport such
as football, then the football should not be added into the warm up until towards the end, when
the body already has blood flowing to the working muscles. The warm up should include
activities with the football in order to properly prepare the athlete for the sport. Having them
pass, tackle, and complete skills while running, is an important aspect of the warm up, because it
should be as specific to the sport or activity as possible.
• Warm ups will often finish with a small mini game to fully replicate the movements required in
the sport. This helps ensure the body has slowly responded to the activities demands and is
ready to perform. Performing without a proper warm up (minimum of 5-7 minutes) increases the
risk of injury to the athlete.

2. Stretching

● Stretching is a fundamental part of physical preparation for sport. Stretching as part of a training
program increases the athletes’ flexibility, which helps to prevent injury and promote wellbeing.
However, these comments are related to a flexibility program, where stretching is done routinely
just like resistance training.
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3. Cool down

• A cool down should slowly bring the athlete back to a pre exercise metabolic state. The cool
down should begin at a vigorous intensity and slowly decrease in intensity. The aim is to continue
to move the blood back to the heart as the heart decreases in rate back to a pre exercise level.

ELICIT PERFORMANCE 3: Analyzation

Answer the following questions:

1. What is the importance of warm-up and stretching?

2. What is the importance of cool down?

Synthesis

Here are the module’s key ideas:

● An individual sport is a sport in which participants compete as individuals.

● A dual sport (not to be confused with team sports) is played by partners (two people) against
another set of partners or a number of sets of partners. 
● A team sport includes any sport where individuals are organized into opposing teams which
compete to win. Team members act together towards a shared objective. 
● Sports are beneficial for both a child’s mental and physical well-being. Not only can sports help to
strengthen bones and tone muscles, but they can also help children improve their academic
performance and teach them the value of teamwork.
● Warming up is a part of stretching and preparation for physical exertion or a performance by
exercising or practicing gently beforehand, usually undertaken before a performance or practice.
Athletes, singers, actors and others warm up before stressing their muscles. It is widely believed
to prepare the muscles for vigorous actions and to prevent muscle cramps and injury due to
overexertion.
● Stretching is a form of physical exercise in which a specific muscle or tendon (or muscle group)
is deliberately flexed or stretched in order to improve the muscle's felt elasticity and achieve
comfortable muscle tone
● Cooling down is similar to warming up. You generally continue your workout session for five
minutes or so, but at a slower pace and reduced intensity.

Assess Performance

Direction. Fill in the blanks. Write your answer in your notebook. (2 points each)

1. _______________ is a sport in which participants compete as individuals.

2. ____________ is a part of stretching and preparation for physical exertion or a performance by exercising or
practicing gently beforehand, usually undertaken before a performance or practice.
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3. Exercise and sport triggers chemicals in the brain that can make you feel ________ and ___________.

4. Physical exercise reduces the stress hormones in your body and stimulates the release of _______________.

5. ____________ is similar to warming up. You generally continue your workout session for five minutes or so,
but at a slower pace and reduced intensity.

Enhance Retention and Enhancement

Read the instructions below.

● Choose at least 1 sport you want to play.

● Record yourself doing warm-up and stretching before and cool down after playing your chosen
sport.
● Minimum of 4 minutes and maximum of 5 minutes.

Bibliography

● https://www.electricireland.com/news/article/10-great-benefits-of-playing-sport
● https://prezi.com/p/dfwhdq_ndk05/individual-and-dual-sports/
● https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/cooldown
● https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stretching
● https://stretchcoach.com/articles/warm-up/

Module Title:
PE 2 WEEK 1

INDIVIDUAL, DUAL AND TEAM SPORT