GRAMMAR TIME

1.2 to be affirmative 1.3 to be negative

Long form Short form Long form Short form

I am happy. I’m happy. I am not fourteen. I’m not fourteen.

You are happy. You’re happy. You are not fourteen. You aren’t fourteen.
He/She/It is happy. He/She/It’s happy. He/She/It is not He/She/It isn’t fourteen.
We are happy. We’re happy. fourteen.
We are not fourteen. We aren’t fourteen.
You are happy. You’re happy.
You are not fourteen. You aren’t fourteen.
They are happy. They’re happy.
They are not fourteen. They aren’t fourteen.
We often use the short form when we speak or write
something informal. Add not after the verb to be to make it negative.
For the short form, join the verb to be and not : aren’t,
isn’t. For the first person, join I and am: I’m not.
1 Re-write the sentences using the short form
of the verb to be.
1 Melissa is thirteen years old.
1 Add not in the correct place to make the verb
to be negative.
Melissa’s thirteen years old.
2 They are cousins. 1 John is not Tom’s uncle.
3 It is a birthday cake. 2 I am British.
4 We are at my house now. 3 They are from France.
5 I am very happy! 4 It is my dog.
5 You are at home.
2 Circle the correct answer.
1 She / You is ready.
2 Write negative sentences. Use the short form
of the verb to be.
2 We / It are in Spain!
3 My name / I am Ben. 1 we x hungry
We aren’t hungry.
4 They / He are at Greg’s house.
2 she x happy
5 It / You is a present for you!
3 I x a superhero
6 You / I are fourteen.
4 he x here
3 Write the complete dialogue in your notebook. 5 you x in the photo
Use the correct form of the verb to be. 6 it x my name
Jackie: Hi, my 1name / be / Jackie.
My name’s Jackie.
3 Look at the table. Write true sentences. Use the
affirmative or negative of the verb to be.
Liam: Oh, hi, Jackie. 2You / be / Nicki’s friend,
right? Jeanette Ollie Marcos Mei Lin Mel
Jackie: Yes, 3I / be.
     Spanish
Liam: 4I / be / Liam. 5Nicki and I / be / cousins.
     Chinese
Jackie: Great! Here’s some cake. 6Today / be /
my birthday.      French
Liam: Happy birthday, Jackie!      American

4 It’s your birthday! Complete the paragraph 1 Jeanette / Spanish

about yourself. Jeanette isn’t Spanish.
Hi, my name’s Today I 2 Ollie / American.
years old. My friends and I ready for 3 Marcos and Mei Lin / American.

my birthday cake! Here it ! It 4 Mei Lin / French.
a lovely cake! Look at all the presents! They 5 Marcos and Me l
/ Spanish.
for me! 6 Jeannette / Chinese.
GRAMMAR TIME

2.2 this, that, these, those 2.3 to be questions and short answers

With there is / there are, before plural and ? Short answers

uncountable nouns, we use: Am I a superhero? Yes, I am. No I’m not.
• some in affirmative sentences.
Are you a superhero? Yes, you are. No you
• any in negative sentences and questions.
aren’t.
This is a blue T-shirt. That is my dad’s coat. Is he/she/it Yes, he/she/it is.
This T-shirt is blue. That coat is my dad’s. a superhero? No he/she/it isn’t.
These are Jenny’s jeans. Those are new shoes. Are we superheroes? Yes, we are.
These jeans are Jenny’s. Those shoes are new. No we aren’t.
Use this/these to talk about someone or something Are you superheroes? Yes, you are.
that is near. No you aren’t.
Are they superheroes? Yes, they are.
Use that/those to talk about someone or something
No they aren’t.
that is further away.
Wh- questions Full answers
This/That = singular. These/Those = plural.
What is it? It’s a superhero suit.
When we say that something is here, it is near us.
Who are they? They’re my friends.
When we say that something is there or over there, it is
away from us. To ask a question with the verb to be, switch places
between I/you/he/she/it/we/they and am/
are/is: He is thirteen – Is he thirteen?
1 Re-write the sentences. Give a short answer to yes/no questions only:
1 These are Mum’s trainers. Q: Are you OK? A: Yes, I am.
These trainers are Mum’s. Give a full answer to questions that begin with what/
2 That is a lovely dress! who etc. Q: Who is Harry? A: He’s my best friend.
That
3 This is a cool top.
1 Write questions with the verb to be.
This
4 Those are Mark’s trousers. 1 you / at home?
Are you at home?
Those
2 we / OK now?
5 These are Sam’s clothes.
3 he / sorry?
These
4 it / a new T-shirt?
2 Write sentences. Use This/That and These/Those 5 the cupcakes / for me?
and the words in the order they appear.
2 Write a short answer for the questions in
Here There Exercise 1.
long / skirt short / skirt 1  No, I’m not.
jeans / blue jeans / black 2 
new / shoes old / shoes 3 
jacket / big jacket / small 4 
5 
tracksuits / boring tracksuits / cool

1 This is a long skirt. That is a short shirt.

3 Ask a question. Begin with Who or What.
2 . 1 Who is Peter? Peter is Mary’s friend.
3 . 2 it? It’s my new jacket.
4 . 3 these clothes? They’re tracksuits.
5 . 4 these boys? They’re my classmates.

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