SEAA 4333 / SKAB 4333 | Exercise #1

EXERCISE & ASSIGNMENT

DESIGN OF RC STAIRCASE

Q1. FIGURES Q1(a), Q1(b), Q1(c) and Q1(d) show longitudinal sections of four (4) reinforced
concrete staircases. The riser (R), going (G) and waist of all staircases are 170 mm, 270 mm
and 200 mm, respectively. The structures support characteristics variable action of 4.0 kN/m2
and permanent action from finishes and railing of 1.0 kN/m2.

(a) Calculate the design load on the flight and landing of the staircases.
(b) Draw the idealized structure or structural system of each staircase.
(c) Determine the maximum bending moment in each staircases, and sketch their bending
moment diagram, showing the values at critical section.
(d) Design the reinforcement required in the staircase in Figure Q1(a), using Grade C30/37
concrete, Grade 500 steel, and 30 mm nominal concrete cover. Show your proposed
reinforcement in a neat sketch. Checks on shear, deflection and cracking NEED NOT be
carried out.

All units are in mm

200

270

200
170

200

300 1350 10 @ 270 = 2700 1350 300

FIGURE Q1(a)

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100
1500 1500 10 @ 170 = 1700

1200
250

250
10 @ 250 = 2500
1

6 @ 170 =
1020
250

250
Ground Beam

All units are in mm

FIGURE Q1(b)

50

250
1500 10 @ 270 = 2700
250 250

50

1500
200
Level 1
1500

1
200
A A 10 @ 270 = 2700
10 @ 270 = 2700

270

2
170

Level 2
Level 1

250
250

Plan View Section A-A

All units are in mm

FIGURE Q1(c)

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1800 11 @ 270 = 2870

250 250

N
B B
3

A
7 8

1600 4 @ 270 = 1600

50 50
1080

170

200

250

N
250

M Section A-A

200
170

1800 11 @ 270 = 2970 250

7 Section B-B 8
All units are in mm

FIGURE Q1(d)

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Q2. The car park and ground floor of a nearby buildings are connected by a continuous two-span
reinforced concrete staircase shown in FIGURE Q2. The lower and upper ends of the structure
are simply supported on a strip of footing, while on the top of a reinforced concrete wall,
respectively. The beam which forms the middle support is cast monolithically with the landing
and is supported by a pair of columns. The staircase width is 2500 mm (2.5 m), with going and
riser of 250 mm and 150 mm, respectively. The overall waist thickness of the flight and landing
is 175 mm. Other dimensional properties of the staircase are given in the figure. Using the data
given below, design the reinforcement required in the staircase and show in a neat sketch your
proposed arrangement of steel reinforcement for the whole structure. Also check its suitability
for shear, deflection, and cracking.

Characteristic variable action = 5.0 kN/m2

Characteristics permanent action from finishes, handrail, etc. = 1.0 kN/m2
Characteristics strength of concrete = 30 N/mm2
Characteristics strength of steel = 500 N/mm2
Nominal concrete cover = 25 mm

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(All units are im mm)

FIGURE Q2

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Q3. Longitudinal cross section of a terrace of a mini stadium is shown in FIGURE Q3. The
structure, built in the form of a staircase spanning in the direction of the flight, is supported by
transverse beams at its left end, and at the junction of the landing and the cantilever projection.
There are eight (8) steps on the span between the supporting beams, and three (3) steps on the
cantilever span. Each step has a going of 750 mm and a riser of 350 mm, while the overall
thickness of the waist and landing is 325 mm. Other relevant dimensional properties are also
shown in the figure. With a characteristics variable action of 5.0 kN/m2 and characteristics
permanent action of 1.0 kN/m2 (excluding self-weight), design the reinforcement required in
the terrace using Grade C35/45 concrete, Grade 500 steel reinforcement, and a nominal concrete
cover of 35 mm. The checking of deflection, shear, and cracking should also be shown.

1500 8 @ 750 = 6000 1500 3 @ 750 = 2250

350
400

325

400

(All units are in mm)

FIGURE Q3

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Q4. FIGURE Q4 shows two-flight staircase connecting the upper and lower level of a playground.
Flight 1 consists of ten (10) steps, supported by a ground beam at the lower end and by the
landing Flight 2 at the upper end. Flight 2 consists of ten (10) steps supported by a beam at the
lower end and by reinforced concrete wall at the upper end. The overall depth of the landing
and the waist for the flight is 230 mm. The dimension of going (G) and riser (R) are 250 mm
and 160 mm, respectively. Other relevant dimensions are given in FIGURE Q4.

Using the data given below, design all reinforcement required for Flight 2, and show all
necessary checking.

Data:
Characteristic variable action = 5.0 kN/m2
Characteristics permanent action from finishes and others = 0.8 kN/m2
Characteristics strength of concrete = 35 N/mm2
Characteristics strength of steel = 500 N/mm2
Nominal concrete cover = 30 mm

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A
RC concrete wall
250

10 @ 250 = 2500
2

Ground beam

1600
1

250

Beam
Column
250 10 @ 250 = 2500 1600

1600 10 @ 250 = 2500

250 250

160

RC concrete wall
230
230

Column Section A-A

(All units are in mm)

FIGURE Q4

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Q5. FIGURE Q5 shows plan view of two-flights of reinforced concrete staircase. Flight 1 which
consists of 13 steps is supported by a ground beam at Gridline-A and a landing beam at Gridline-
B. Flight 2 with 7 steps is supported by the landing slab of Flight 1 and by the first floor beam
at Gridline-1. The thickness of the waist and the landing slab is 175 mm, while the going and
riser are 260 mm and 170 mm, respectively. The staircase supports a characteristics permanent
action (excluding self-weight) of 1.25 kN/m2 and a characteristics variable action of 4.0 kN/m2.

(a) Sketch the cross-sectional view of the staircase at sections A-A and B-B. Include the
important dimensional properties of the staircase.
(b) Draw the bending moment diagrams at section A-A and B-B and show the important
values.
(c) Design the reinforcement required in Flight 1 including all necessary checking using the
data given below:
• Characteristics strength of concrete = 35 N/mm2
• Characteristics strength of steel = 500 N/mm2
• Nominal concrete cover = 30 mm

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Level 1
1 250

7 @ 260 = 1820
2
Ground Level

2000
1

A A
50
2
250

13 @ 260 = 3380 2050

250 250

B
A B

(All units are in mm)

FIGURE Q5

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