INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 898-1:2009(E)

Mechanical properties of fasteners made of carbon steel and

alloy steel —
Part 1:
Bolts, screws and studs with specified property classes —
Coarse thread and fine pitch thread

1 Scope
This part of ISO 898 specifies mechanical and physical properties of bolts, screws and studs made of carbon
steel and alloy steel when tested at an ambient temperature range of 10 °C to 35 °C. Fasteners — the term
used when bolts, screws and studs are considered all together — that conform to the requirements of this part
of ISO 898 are evaluated at that ambient temperature range. They might not retain the specified mechanical
and physical properties at elevated temperatures (see Annex B) and/or lower temperatures.

NOTE 1 Fasteners conforming to the requirements of this part of ISO 898 are used in applications ranging from −50 °C
to +150 °C. Users are advised to consult an experienced fastener metallurgist for temperatures outside the range of
−50 °C to +150 °C and up to a maximum temperature of +300 °C when determining appropriate choices for a given
application.

NOTE 2 Information for the selection and application of steels for use at lower and elevated temperatures is given, for
example, in EN 10269, ASTM F2281 and in ASTM A 320/A 320M.

Certain fasteners might not fulfil the tensile or torsional requirements of this part of ISO 898-1 because the
geometry of their heads reduces the shear area in the head compared to the stress area in the thread. These
include fasteners having a low head, with or without external driving feature, a low round or cylindrical head
with internal driving feature or a countersunk head with internal driving feature (see 8.2).

This part of ISO 898 is applicable to bolts, screws and studs

a) made of carbon steel or alloy steel,

b) having triangular ISO metric screw thread according to ISO 68-1,

c) with coarse pitch thread M1,6 to M39, and fine pitch thread M8×1 to M39×3,

d) with diameter/pitch combinations according to ISO 261 and ISO 262,

e) having thread tolerances according to ISO 965-1, ISO 965-2 and ISO 965-4.

It is not applicable to set screws and similar threaded fasteners not under tensile stresses (see ISO 898-5).

It does not specify requirements for such properties as

⎯ weldability,

⎯ corrosion resistance,

⎯ resistance to shear stress,

⎯ torque/clamp force performance, or

⎯ fatigue resistance.

© ISO 2009 – All rights reserved 1

ISO 898-1:2009(E)

2 Normative references

The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.

ISO 68-1, ISO general purpose screw threads — Basic profile — Part 1: Metric screw threads

ISO 148-1, Metallic materials — Charpy pendulum impact test — Part 1: Test method

ISO 225, Fasteners — Bolts, screws, studs and nuts — Symbols and designations of dimensions

ISO 261, ISO general purpose metric screw threads — General plan

ISO 262, ISO general purpose metric screw threads — Selected sizes for screws, bolts and nuts

ISO 273, Fasteners — Clearance holes for bolts and screws

ISO 724, ISO general-purpose metric screw threads — Basic dimensions

ISO 898-2, Mechanical properties of fasteners — Part 2: Nuts with specified proof load values — Coarse
thread

ISO 898-5, Mechanical properties of fasteners made of carbon steel and alloy steel — Part 5: Set screws and
similar threaded fasteners not under tensile stresses

ISO 898-7, Mechanical properties of fasteners — Part 7: Torsional test and minimum torques for bolts and
screws with nominal diameters 1 mm to 10 mm 1)

ISO 965-1, ISO general-purpose metric screw threads — Tolerances — Part 1: Principles and basic data

ISO 965-2, ISO general purpose metric screw threads — Tolerances — Part 2: Limits of sizes for general
purpose external and internal screw threads — Medium quality

ISO 965-4, ISO general purpose metric screw threads — Tolerances — Part 4: Limits of sizes for hot-dip
galvanized external screw threads to mate with internal screw threads tapped with tolerance position H or G
after galvanizing

ISO 4042, Fasteners — Electroplated coatings

ISO 4885:1996, Ferrous products — Heat treatments — Vocabulary

ISO 6157-1, Fasteners — Surface discontinuities — Part 1: Bolts, screws and studs for general requirements

ISO 6157-3, Fasteners — Surface discontinuities — Part 3: Bolts, screws and studs for special requirements

ISO 6506-1, Metallic materials — Brinell hardness test — Part 1: Test method

ISO 6507-1, Metallic materials — Vickers hardness test — Part 1: Test method

ISO 6508-1, Metallic materials — Rockwell hardness test — Part 1: Test method (scales A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H,
K, N, T)

ISO 6892-1, Metallic materials — Tensile testing — Part 1: Method of test at room temperature 2)

1) Under revision.
2) To be published. (Revision of ISO 6892:1998)

2 © ISO 2009 – All rights reserved

 ISO 898-1:2009(E)

ISO 7500-1, Metallic materials — Verification of static uniaxial testing machines — Part 1:
Tension/compression testing machines — Verification and calibration of the force-measuring system

ISO 10683, Fasteners — Non-electrolytically applied zinc flake coatings

ISO 10684:2004, Fasteners — Hot dip galvanized coatings

ISO 16426, Fasteners — Quality assurance system

3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.

3.1
finished fastener
fastener for which all manufacturing steps have been completed, with or without any surface coating and with
full or reduced loadability, and which has not been machined into a test piece

3.2
machined test piece
test piece machined from a fastener to evaluate material properties

3.3
full-size fastener
finished fastener with a shank diameter of ds > d or ds ≈ d, or screw threaded to the head, or fully threaded
stud

3.4
fastener with waisted shank
finished fastener with a shank diameter of ds < d2

3.5
base metal hardness
hardness closest to the surface (when traversing from core to outside diameter) just before an increase or
decrease occurs, denoting, respectively, carburization or decarburization

3.6
decarburization
depletion of carbon from the surface layer of a ferrous product
[ISO 4885:1996]

3.7
partial decarburization
decarburization with loss of carbon sufficient to cause a lighter shade of tempered martensite and significantly
lower hardness than that of the adjacent base metal without, however, showing ferrite grains under
metallographic examination

3.8
complete decarburization
decarburization with sufficient carbon loss to show the presence of clearly defined ferrite grains under
metallographic examination

3.9
carburization
result of increasing surface carbon to a content above that of the base metal

© ISO 2009 – All rights reserved 3

ISO 898-1:2009(E)

4 Symbols and abbreviated terms

For the purposes of this document, the symbols and abbreviated terms given in ISO 225 and ISO 965-1 and
the following, apply.

A Percentage elongation after fracture (of machined test piece), %

Af Elongation after fracture for full-size fastener
As,nom Nominal stress area in thread, mm2
Ads Cross sectional area of waisted shank, mm2
b Thread length, mm
bm Thread length of stud (metal) end, mm
d Nominal thread diameter, mm
do Diameter of machined test piece, mm
d1 Basic minor diameter of external thread, mm

d2 Basic pitch diameter of external thread, mm

d3 Minor diameter of external thread, mm

da Transition diameter (internal diameter of the bearing face), mm
dh Hole diameter of wedge or block, mm

ds Diameter of unthreaded shank, mm

E Height of non-decarburized zone in thread, mm
Fm Ultimate tensile load, N
Fm,min Minimum ultimate tensile load, N
Fp Proof load, N
Fpf Load at 0,004 8 d non-proportional elongation for full-size fastener, N

G Depth of complete decarburization in thread, mm

H Height of fundamental triangle, mm
H1 Height of external thread in maximum material condition, mm
k Height of the head, mm
Kv Impact strength, J
l Nominal length, mm
lo Total length of fastener before loading, mm

l1 Total length of fastener after first unloading, mm

l2 Total length of fastener after second unloading, mm
ls Length of unthreaded shank, mm
lt Overall length of stud, mm
lth Free threaded length of fastener in testing device, mm
Lc Length of straight portion (of machined test piece), mm
Lo Original gauge length (of machined test piece), mm

4 © ISO 2009 – All rights reserved