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Gerunds and Infinitives 2

1. Gerunds and infinitives are verb forms that are used in different contexts in English. 2. Infinitives can be bare (single word verbs like see, hear) or full (with to like to see, to hear). Full infinitives are used after specific verbs, in structures with it is/I am, and in too/enough constructions. 3. Bare infinitives are used after modal verbs and had better/would rather. They are also used after let and make in the active voice.

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Ahmed Bayati
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91 views18 pages

Gerunds and Infinitives 2

1. Gerunds and infinitives are verb forms that are used in different contexts in English. 2. Infinitives can be bare (single word verbs like see, hear) or full (with to like to see, to hear). Full infinitives are used after specific verbs, in structures with it is/I am, and in too/enough constructions. 3. Bare infinitives are used after modal verbs and had better/would rather. They are also used after let and make in the active voice.

Uploaded by

Ahmed Bayati
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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GERUNDS AND

INFINITIVES

PART 2: INFINITIVES
FORM
see to go

to play
speak

hear to work
FORM

• Bare infinitive: • Full infinitive:


see, hear, speak to play, to work, to go..
• ( to explain purpose)
FULL INFINITIVE - USE
1. After specific verbs such as:

want decide manage


agree choose achieve
accept plan promise
refuse learn ask
reject hope offer
invite
Examples
• When I grow up, I want to become
a musician.

• He offered me a cold drink


but I refused to drink it.

• He invited me to go for dinner but I


didn’t have the time.
Examples
• It was raining heavily, so he
offered to drive me home.

• When they finish high school,


they plan to go to university.

• After walking for many hours, they


managed to get to the top of the
mountain.
2. In the structure: It is + adj.+ full. inf.

It’s nice to
It is hard to
It is difficult to
It is easy to
• It’s nice to see you again. It was etc.
hard to say goodbye after the
holidays.
3. In the structure: I am + adj. + full.inf.

I am sorry to
I am surprised to
I am pleased to
I am glad to
I am happy to
I am amazed to
I am delighted to
Examples
• We were surprised to have
an unexpected guest in our
house.

Oops! I’m sorry


to hurt you!
4. too…to/ (not) enough…to

• This coffee is too hot to drink!

• She is too tired to keep


working.
• She hasn’t got enough time
to finish the test.

• He has got enough money to


buy a new car.

• He isn’t strong enough to lift


that weight.
BARE INFINITIVE - USE
1. After the modal verbs: can, must, should etc.

• He can speak Spanish.

• You mustn’t smoke in


a hospital.
2. After the had better/would rather

• Had better: • Would rather :


• (advice) • (preferences)
• Example Examples
• You’d better study well. • I’d rather stay at home
than going out.
3. After the verbs let, make
Notice!
• Let is used with active • In the passive voice we
voice only. use be +allowed in
• Example stead.
• The coach let the • Example
players take a rest • The players were
allowed to take a rest
4. After the make
THE END

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