Trocino Official

BENIGNO “NINOY” S.
AQUINO HIGH SCHOOL

INTEGRATED SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
THE LEVEL OF PARENTAL SUPPORT AND ITS EFFECTS

TO THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE
A Study Presented to the

Faculty of Benigno “Ninoy” S. Aquino High School
Senior High School
In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements

For the Subject
INQUIRY, INVESTIGATION, IMMERSION (3 I’S)
TROCINO, JOHN IVANREI M.

2023
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BENIGNO “NINOY” S. AQUINO HIGH SCHOOL
APPROVAL SHEET
In partial fulfilment of the requirements for the subject of Inquiry,

Investigation, Immersion (3I’s), this study titled, “THE LEVEL OF PARENTAL
SUPPORT AND ITS EFFECTS TO THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE” has
been prepared and submitted by TROCINO, JOHN IVANREI M. of 12 -
STROUSTRUP and is hereby recommended for oral examination.
RANDY O. SALENTES, Ed. D

Research Teacher
Approved by the Committee on Oral Examination with a grade of ______
Randy O. Salentes, Ed.D

Research Committee Chairman
Princess Joycel M. Ibron Venice Y. Talibutab

Member Member
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to express my deepest gratitude to the following individuals

and organizations who have contributed to the completion of this research study.
First and foremost, I would like to thank my research teacher, Dr. Randy O.
Salentes, for their invaluable guidance, feedback, and support throughout this
project. Their insights and expertise have been instrumental in shaping this
research.
I am also grateful to the participants who generously gave their names and
provided the data for this study. Their cooperation and willingness to share their
experiences have made this research possible.
I extend my appreciation to Mr. Limuel Lachica, Mr. Lawrence Esquejo,

and Mrs. Leonora M. Trocino, who provided valuable assistance and support
during various stages of this project.
I would like to acknowledge the resources and facilities provided by

Benigno “Ninoy” Aquino High School - Senior High School, which were essential
to the successful completion of this study.
Lastly, I would like to thank my family and friends for their unwavering
support and encouragement throughout this journey.
Without the support and contributions of these individuals and

organizations, this research study would not have been possible. Thank you all for
your help and support.
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ABSTRACT
Trocino, J.I.M., (2023)., The Level of Parental Support and its Effects to the
Academic Performance
Parent involvement has a huge impact on determining the correlation

between parent involvement and student success at a high school level. A child's
education is consistently found to be positively associated with a child's academic
performance. However, there has been little investigation of the mechanisms that
explain this association. The present study examines two potential mechanisms of
this association: the child's perception of cognitive competence and the quality of
the student-teacher relationship. This study used a sample of 25 (15-19-year-old)
participants, their parents, and their teachers. Results indicated a statistically
significant association between parent involvement and a child's academic
performance, over and above the impact of the child's intelligence. A multiple
mediation model indicated that the child's performance on a standardized
achievement test. The quality of the student-teacher relationship fully mediated the
relation between parent involvement and teacher ratings of the child's classroom
academic performance. Limitations and initiatives were discussed. As a result of
this study, students influence their attitudes and character positively, more often
directly affecting the achievement of their academic performance.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page 1
Approval Sheet 2
Acknowledgement 3
Abstract 4
Table of Contents 5
Chapter 1 Problem and Its Background 6
Introduction 6
Background of the Study 7
Framework of the Study 8
Statement of the Problem 10
Significance of the Study 11
Scope and Delimitations 12
Definition of Terms 13
Chapter 2 Review of Related Literature 16
Chapter 3 Methodology 19
Research Design 19
Research Locale 19
Population and Sampling 21
Research Instrument 21
Data Gathering Procedure 22
Data Analysis 22
Chapter 4 Presentation, Analysis, Treatment of Data 24
Chapter 5 Conclusion and Recommendation 33
Summary 33
Conclusion 33
Recommendations 34
Bibliography 35
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Chapter 1
Problem and Its Background
Introduction
This study will contain and provide the basis for the study. It contains the
background of the study, statement of the problem, significance of the study,
justification, limitations, scope and delimitations, and definition of terms used in
the study. The main purpose of the study is to examine the relationship between
parent involvement and academic performance among the impact of the students in
schooling.
This research is the motivation for better educational outcomes for the
child's common to most attempts at defining parental involvement by education of
school. The first objective is to review psychological theories on the motives for
involvement and the mechanisms that could justify a positive effect of parental
involvement. The second objective is to look for empirical evidence on the
determinants of spontaneous levels of parental involvement.
This research study will highlight the contributions that may help
researchers and policymakers and offers practical solutions to solving these
problems. Specifically, the teachers, parents, and students may benefit from this
study by understanding the significant contribution of parental involvement in the
academic achievement of children is indispensable. Students may develop a
positive attitude towards parental involvement in matters related to their
academics.
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Background of the Study
Parent involvement in a child’s education is consistently found to be

positively associated with a child’s academic performance. However, there has
been little investigation of the mechanisms that explain this association. The
present study examines two potential mechanisms of this association: the child’s
perception of cognitive competence and the quality of the student-teacher
relationship. This study used a sample of 158 seven-year-old participants, their
mothers, and their teachers. Results indicated a statistically significant association
between parent involvement and a child’s academic performance, over and above
the impact of the child’s intelligence. A multiple mediation model indicated that
the child’s perception of cognitive competence fully mediated the relation between
parent involvement and the child’s performance on a standardized achievement
test. The quality of the student-teacher relationship fully mediated the relation
between parent involvement and teacher ratings of the child’s classroom academic
performance. Limitations, future research directions, and implications for public
policy initiatives were discussed.
The Academic Performance Rating Scale (APRS) (DuPaul & Rapport,

1991) is a 19-item scale where teachers rate the child’s academic abilities and
behaviors in the classroom on a 5-point scale. Higher scores indicate greater
classroom academic performance. As the current study focused on academic
performance and not other behaviors, only two items on the APRS that
corresponded to the child’s actual classroom academic performance were
examined: “accuracy of the child’s completed written math work” and “accuracy
of the child’s written language arts work.” These two items were highly correlated
(r = .84, p <.001). A mean of the items was used as the measure of classroom
academic performance.
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Gap (Main Problem):
Several public policy recommendations and initiatives follow from the

results of the present study. School administrators and policymakers should
continue to investigate ways to increase a parent’s positive attitude about their
child’s education and demonstrate to parents that their attitude is related to their
child’s academic performance. Future policy should focus on developing and
promoting school programs that enable parents to increase a child’s perception of
cognitive competence and fund future research to better understand the
mechanisms by which this occurs. School administrators should consider ways to
improve the student-teacher relationship, given its important relation to the child’s
academic performance. For instance, school administrators may set aside time in
the curriculum for team-building exercises between students, teachers, and parents.
Framework of the Study

Conceptual Framework
Figure 1. Conceptual Model for Effects of Parent Involvement on Attitudes,

Behavior, and Academic Achievement
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Taken together, the present study identified mechanisms by which parent

involvement is related to a child's academic performance, over and above the
impact of the child's IQ, and it is hoped that these findings lead to further research
and new policies to increase a child's academic performance.
Theoretical Framework
The theoretical model is summarized in Figure 1. The first panel includes

socio-demographic (i.e., socioeconomic status, gender, and race/ethnicity) and
parent involvement measures. Parent involvement spans the parent-child and
parent-school domains and includes two measures each. Discussion and
monitoring represent parent-child involvement; Parent Teacher Organization
(PTO) involvement and educational support strategies represent parent-school
involvement. All exogenous measures are captured during the 8th grade. The
second panel includes 8th grade attitudinal and behavioral measures. Attitude is
captured with educational expectations; behavior is captured with absenteeism,
hours of homework completed each week, and truancy.
The third panel includes 8th and 10th grade achievement, with 8th grade
achievement being a significant predictor of 10th grade achievement. These
particular attitudes and behaviors have been chosen because they should be readily
altered by parent involvement and are closely associated with academic
achievement. previous literature relies on parent involvement affecting various
attitudinal (i.e., educational expectations) and behavioral (i.e., truancy,
absenteeism, homework) measures as part of their theoretical discussion on how
parent involvement translates into improved academic performance (e.g. Hill et al.
2004; Hoover-Dempsey and Sandler 1995; Lareau 1989).If parent-child
involvement has any tangible benefits, it likely leads to higher educational
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expectations, reduced truancy, reduced absenteeism, and an increased focus on

homework – which theoretically increases academic achievement. In short, parent-
child involvement primarily affects academic achievement indirectly by raising
expectations and the amount of homework completed and by lowering the
student’s rate of truancy and absenteeism. On the other hand, stronger direct
relationships between parent-school involvement and academic achievement are
expected.
Statement of the Problem
General Statement:
The purpose of this study is to determine whether a correlation exists

between parent involvement and student success at the high school level.
Specific Statement:
1.) What is the demographic profile of parents in academic performance for

students?
a.) Age
b.) Gender
c.) Date of birth
d.) Job (if applicable)
2.) What are the percentages of students with high and low parental
support?
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3.) What is the correlation of parental support to their students' academic

performance?
Significance of the Study
This study will help and benefit the following individuals: students,
parents, Department of Education (DepEd), Department of Social Welfare and
Development (DSWD), and future researchers.
a. Students - The result of the study can be used by the students to yield
positive outcomes in many aspects including increased student attendance
and satisfaction with school, better academic achievement, motivation,
school attachment, responsibility and confidence, better social adaptation
and less discipline problems.
b. Parents - The result of the study can be used by the parents on how to
encourage their children through basic and effective study habits through
the information that would be provided in the study to be an outstanding
student in school.
c. Department of Education (DepEd) - The result of the study will enable the
ministry of DepEd to implement programs that would facilitate effective
habits among students in the school.
d. Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD) - The result of
the study will be enabling the Ministry of DSWD to create programs that
may focus on facilitating communication between parent and child, training
parents to communicate in a non-confrontational manner, while also giving
children an opportunity to express their thoughts and feelings.
e. Future Researchers - The result of the study would help the future
researchers to get additional information about this and use it as a reference
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in their future studies.

Scope and Delimitations
The models of data collection were threefold-survey, interview and review

of school documents. The survey (Appendix A) together with a cover letter
(Appendix B) and a self-addressed stamped envelope were mailed to the 100
randomly selected families having children in the selected school. The cover letter
was mailed/added to inform the subjects that their responses were voluntary. The
respondents were given 15 days to complete the questions and mail them back.
From these first mailing surveys, 65(65%) were returned. In the second mailing,
100 surveys were sent, 56(56%) were returned. A total of 121(60.5%) surveys
were returned to the researcher. A letter of introduction and request for
participation in the interview (Appendix E) was sent to 15 parents. The letter
assured the respondents of complete anonymity. Ten parents responded positively.
For the interviewers, all parents of those who agreed to be interviewed were asked
to fill out the response from (Appendix F) and return it to the researcher.
The study was limited by the fact that it only included one school only. For
this reason, the study was limited as far as being generalizable beyond the charter
school where the study took place. A further limitation was the absence of
information regarding the number of events at each level the school offered either
at baseline or initiative. In addition, reliability of the parent participation records
that do exist may have been limited because staff must collect sign-in sheets for
parent activities at the school site and it was difficult to control the quality of this
staff reporting. Also, information on how many parents per child attended events
was not recorded (e.g., when the mother and father of a student both attended an
event, it was counted as only one occurrence).
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Definitions of Terms
Absenteeism. The habitual non-presence of an employee at their job.

The practice of regularly staying away from work.
Cognitive Competence. The cognitive processes that comprise (i) creative
thinking, which includes various creative thinking styles, such as legislative,
global, and local thinking styles; and (ii) critical thinking, which includes
reasoning, making inferences, self-reflection, and coordination of multiple views.
Focuses on discussing critical thinking and creative
thinking as the core cognitive competence.
Conceptual Model. The model of an application that the designers want
users to understand.
Explains what the key areas of the organizational
structure should be, how they associate with each other, and what each area does.
Correlation. A statistical term describing the degree to which two variables
move in coordination with one another.
The process of establishing a relationship or connection
between two or more measures.
Domains. Any group of users, workstations, devices, printers, computers
and database servers that share different types of data via network resources.
The information or criteria that is being examined or tested.
Multiple Mediation. Improves traditional methods (e.g., estimation of
natural and controlled direct effects) to enable consideration of multiple
mediators/confounders simultaneously and the use of linear and nonlinear
predictive models for estimating mediation/confounding effects.
Explicitly discussing the perceptive and their
motivation, advantages and disadvantages can help to provide clarity to
conservations and research regarding the use and refinement of mediation models.
Non-Confrontational Manners. This involves giving a non-committal
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response to mistakes rather than using lengthy arguments, discussion or correction.

Reactions or behavior that are seen
irrational are usually simply an attempt to make sense of muddled ideas and
memories that form in the mind.
Parental Support. Defined as “parental behaviors toward the child, such as
praising, encouraging and giving physical affection, which indicate to the child that
he or she is accepted and loved”.
Being a supportive parent.
Policymakers. A person who is responsible for or involved in developing
plans of action for a political party, business, etc.
Intelligent consumers of evidence and have wide and varied
knowledge, expertise and backgrounds.
Predictor. The name given to an independent variable used in regression
analyses.
A person or thing that predicts that something will happen in the
future.
Research Directions. A new series of question led, open access journals
that have broken free of the limitations of the traditional publication model to
better reflect the research process.
A systematic investigation to establish facts or
principles or to collect information on a subject.
Socio-demographics. A combination of social and demographic factors that
define people in a specific group or population.
Are nothing more than characteristics of a
population.
Students. A person formally engaged in learning, especially one enrolled in
a school or college; pupil.
A person who takes an interest in a particular subject.
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Teacher Evaluation. The formal process a school uses to review and rate
teachers’ performance and effectiveness in the classroom.
A systematic procedure for reviewing the
performance of a teacher in a classroom and analyzing the review to provide
constructive feedback for the teachers’ professional growth.
Truancy. Any intentional, unjustified, unauthorized, or illegal absence
from compulsory education.
Refer to any absence without permission.
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Chapter 2
Review of Related Literature
This part of the paper includes the gathered literature from local and foreign
sources; it also serves as a guide, basis, and framework for the current study.
A. How to Increase Parent Involvement in Education

According to the article presented by ce.freno.com shows that students with
engaged parents achieve higher grades and test scores, develop better social skills,
adapt better to school and continue into post-graduate education more often.
Learning experiences outside the classroom significantly impact a child’s
education. Students succeed when parents are involved and schools make a
focused effort to promote parental engagement. Teachers and educational leaders
should find parent engagement strategies that work best in their community and
put them in action. Knowing their teachers employ various parent engagement
strategies, success depends on finding the right approach for their particular
situation.
B. Effective Strategies to Increase Parental Involvement in Education

Another article by the myeducomm.com said that several studies have
shown how it plays a crucial role in the students’ development. Many educational
institutions have started using several strategies for greater parent involvement,
including school-parent communication apps and home visits. However, some of
the benefits of parent involvement in children’s education are enhanced academic
achievement, improved child’s personality, better classroom behavior and
increased involvement in many activities. Increased teacher morale enhanced the
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quality of education, positive school culture and less chance of dropping out.
Lastly, the involvement of parents is extremely important in students, learning,
development and success in their academic careers and life. The key to Positive
and productive parent involvement is effective and efficient. A comprehensive tool
such as a school parent communication app can be extremely helpful in bridging
the parents, teachers and administrators.
C. Parental Involvement and Student Academic Performance: A multiple

Mediational Analysis
And lastly based on the article presented by ncbi.nlm.nih.gov said that
parent involvement in a child’s education is consistently found to be positively
associated with a child’s academic performance. However, there has been little
investigation of the mechanism that explains this association. Parents convey
attitudes about education to their children during out of school hour.it helps level
of child misbehavior in the classroom. The quality of the student-teacher
relationship fully mediated the relation between parent involvement and the child’s
performance in the classroom. Lastly, attitudes of students are believed to
compromise a key dimension of the relationship between parents and school.
Synthesis
Persuasive Section
This research is the motivation of better educational outcomes for the child’s
common to most attempts at defining parental involvement by education of
scholars. Parent involvement is benefiting also, or mostly parents themselves;
national or local parental involvement programs by school are primarily in this
view, a way to increase “customer satisfaction”. The first objective is to review
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psychological theories on the motives for involvement and the mechanisms that
could justify a positive effect of parental involvement. The second objective is to
look for empirical evidence on the determinants of spontaneous levels of parental
involvement. Overall, parental involvement in education is a vital essential for
creating a cooperative environment for the student to thrive and succeed in.
Commentary section
The researcher organized that theme by giving instructions first to understand
and improve positive parental involvement in education second thou, the
researcher don’t need to become technical and complicated because some of the
readers (not all) are not good in critical thinking and understanding of the
researcher’s theme so he/she decided that the 3 theme is 2 instructions 1 test
method is like a review to the last theme that presented with plus 2 of it are just a
review and the last theme are just like a test.
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Chapter 3
Methodology
A. Research Design
This study will utilize descriptive research design. According to

K.V. Hoover-Dempsey and H.M, this design is used to trace what are the
effects of home-based activities in school and how it affects the roles and
responsibilities in order to achieve a good character of a student. In
addition, it also shows how they improved their knowledge, skills, and
increased sense of confidence.
B. Research Locale
This study will be conducted at Benigno “Ninoy” S. Aquino High

School.as an annex of fort Bonifacio high school. It started with four
teachers teaching four First year classes at the old mater Dolorosa (now
Mary Mirror of Justice) Church along Aguho St., Comembo. the head
teacher then was Ms. Tomasa Sinag, a former nun. The next year, it offered
second year class. Then the next year, it added third year class until finally
in 1979, Fort Bonifacio high school (Comembo Annex). It held its first
graduation ceremony in the plaza of the Comembo elementary school. Jane
Falcis, one of the clerks now was one of the graduates. The next school
year, the school was transferred to the pre-fabricated building constructed
by soldiers in Lanzones St. In Comembo, because the lot was perennially
flooded, they called it “barko”. Classes continued there until a new four
storey building was built on instance of Mayor Jejomar C. Binay.
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On January 25,1993 at a joint meeting of the sanguniang barangay

ng Comembo headed by barangay captain Pedro Daza and the General
P.T.A. headed by Felix Garcia.a joint resolution requesting the municipal
council, thru mayor Jejomar C. Binay, that Fort Bonifacio High School
(Comembo Annex) be changed to a community or barangay high school
was passed. The motion was filed by Mr. Garcia and duly seconded by
Kagawad Ernesto Aguilar. Based on said resolution, the city council passed
the city ordinance 74-278 series of January 13,1995 creating an
independent municipal High school and remaining Fort Bonifacio High
School (Comembo Annex) as Benigno “Ninoy” S. Aquino High School.
The name was so chosen because the city council felt that “nothing is more
fitting than to name the school after Ninoy, the man, who with his courage,
gallantry, patriotism and devotion to country, Made the greatest sacrifice a
person can ever make, that of offering his life so others maybe free. He was
the only man who broke the conjugal dictatorship, united his fellowmen
with his death to stand up against martial rule. Without him. Freedom for
the Filipino people would remain an elusive dream. His life is an
inspiration to all, especially our students who can identify with his
struggles and ambition”.
At first, BNAHS was an exception to R.A. 6655, nationalizing all

high school because BNAHS was purely localized and non-subsidiary of
the national government. It’s teachers, however, we’re classified in the
same salary grades as all other teachers paid by the national government.
The researcher will be conducting this research in Grade 12 at Stroustrup
under the senior high school sector to analyze the current issues at parental
involvement in student academic performance.
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C. Population and Sampling Technique
This study will be utilized the people of BNAHS Grade 10

Specialization/Strand (TVL) which comprised of 100 participants. The data
will be updating every 3 years as the population rises and modernization
here in Makati City. The student of Grade 10 BNAHS will randomly chose
by the researcher to answer some short questions/interview that will timed
up to 3-5 minutes for each participant. The whole progress will be recorded
and presented for the further analysis of the collected data.
“The numbers of students in Grade 10 Based on their strand who has parental
involvement”
Total Population of Target Percentage

BNAHS Grade 10 TVL Participant
100 50 44%
B:30
G:14
The table shows that there are 50 participants, 6 out of 50 are not invited. Some
of them are boys which is about 36% and girls which at least 14%
D. Research Instrument
In order to get data and information needed in the study, the
researcher will be using simple surveys and questionnaires. It will be given
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via online platforms such as Google form wherein the link will be sent
through the respondents’ social media accounts, specifically Messenger or
any other applications that are convenient for the respondents. Through
these instruments, it will be easy for the researchers to gather the data
needed.
E. Data Gathering Procedure

It can be validated by a school or any small places that has an
officials or officers that will help the study to ensure that no one creates a
chaotic situation and everyone is getting safe while passing a form by a
researcher. As the researcher conducts and makes a specific but simple
question, he/she will have some time to make another research related to
parent involvement and student academic performance just to get some
information and create different kinds of questionnaires that are presented
to the participants. These questions are limited up to 5-6 only and it will be
answered to the participants.
In order to implement the study of the research, the researcher must

permission to the authorities of school or any small places. It has other
additional reasons to make it more effective from the researcher up to the
officers in some important areas respectively.
F. Data Analysis
The statistical methods involved in carrying out a study include

planning, designing, collecting data, analyzing, drawing meaningful
interpretation and reporting of the research finds. The statistical analysis
gives meaning to the meaningless numbers, thereby breathing into a lifeless
data. The results and inferences are precise only if proper statistical test is
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used. This research will try to acquaint the reader with the basic research
tools that are used utilized while conducting various studies.
On the first statement of the Problem, the researcher will use the
“percentage” to analyze the data of the demographic profile of the
participants and summarize the proportional numbers of the participants.
On the second statement of the Problem, the researcher will use the t-test
and z-test. The z-test is the whole variations are 4 and it will divide into
sections so that it will compare the given data while the other two will t-test
to see the difference and a significant data to it. And the last is the third
statement of the Problem, the researcher will use the mean to summarize
and describe all the given data from the participants and to get central point
or central value of the study.
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Chapter 4
Presentation, Analysis and Treatment of Data
This part of the paper includes the data gathering from the 25 respondents
of Grade 10 TVL in Benigno “Ninoy” Aquino High School.this is presented based
on the statement of the Problem mentioned in the chapter 1 on the paper.The
treatment and analysis of this data is based on the data analysis part of the research
paper presented in the chapter 3.
SOP#1
A.) As the Demographic profile of the respondents
Table 1: Age of the respondents
Age Frequency Percentage

15 Below 11 44%
16-17 12 48%
18-19 2 8%
20 above 0 0%
Table 1 Shows the age of the respondents, as it gleaned upon, the first
column of the table is the age, the second column is the frequency of the
respondents and the last column is the percentage
This table shows that the age of the respondents is ranged from 15 to 20
above.
Table 2: Gender of the respondents
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Gender Frequency Percentage

Male 17 68%
Female 8 32%
Male feeling Female 0 0%
Female Feeling Male 0 0%
Table 2 Shows the gender of the respondents, as it gleaned upon the first
column of the table is the gender of the respondents, the second column is the
frequency and the last column is the percentage.
This table shows that the gender of the respondents is listed from male to
female Feeling Male.
Table 3: GWA of the respondents
General Average Frequency Percentage

60 below 1 4%
61-70 0 0%
71-80 2 8%
81-90 22 88%
91 above 0 0%
Table 3 Shows the GWA of the respondents, as it gleaned upon, the first
column of the table is the general average of the respondents, the second column is
the frequency and the last column is the percentage.
This table shows that the general average of the respondents is ranged
from 60 below to 91 above.
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SOP#2
B.) As the questions given from the respondents
Table 1
25 responses
Choices Frequency Percentage

Yes 17 68%
No 8 32%
Table 1 shows the choices of the respondents, as it gleaned upon, the first
column of the table is the choices of the respondents, the second column is the
This table shows that the choices of the respondents are listed from yes to
no.
Table 2
25 responses
Satisfactory Rate Frequency Percentage
50% below 5 20%

51%-60% 3 12%
61%-80% 4 16%
81%-90% 12 48%
91% above 3 12%
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Table 2 Shows the satisfactory Rate of the respondents, as it gleaned upon,

the first column of the table is the satisfactory Rate of the respondents, the second
column is the frequency and the last column is the percentage.
This table shows that the satisfactory Rate of the respondents are ranged
from 50% below to 91 above.
Table 3
24 responses
Choices Frequency Percentage

Yes, it was 12 50%
No, it wasn’t 13 54.2%
Table 3 shows the choices of the respondents, as it gleaned upon, the first
column of the table is the choices of the respondents, the second column is the
This table shows that the choice of the respondents are listed from yes, it
was to no, it wasn’t.
Table 4
24 responses
Reactions Frequency Percentage
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Positive thoughts 10 45%

Negative thoughts 9 40%
Neutral thoughts 7 15%
Table 4 shows the first reactions of the respondents, as it gleaned upon, the
first column of the table is the Reactions of the respondents, the second column is
the frequency and the last column is the percentage.
This table shows that the Reactions of the respondents are listed from
positive thoughts to neutral thoughts.
Table 5
24 responses
Reactions Frequency Percentage

Positive thoughts 9 30%
Negative thoughts 4 15%
Neutral thoughts 11 55%
Table 5 shows the reactions of the respondents, as it gleaned upon, the first
column of the table is the Reactions of the respondents, the second column is the
This table shows that the reactions of the respondents are listed from
positive thoughts to neutral thoughts.
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SOP#3
C.) As the Satisfactions from the respondents
Table 1
Distractions with your parents
25 responses
Satisfaction Rate Frequency Percentage

Disagree 13 52%
Strongly Disagree 0 0%
Agree 9 36%
Strongly Agree 4 16%
Table 1 shows the distractions with your parents, as it gleaned upon, the
first column of the table is Satisfaction Rate of the respondents, the second column
is the frequency and the last column is the percentage.
This table shows that the satisfactory Rate of the respondents are listed
from Disagree to Strongly agree.
Table 2
Parents sustain financially in school
25 responses

Disagree 1 4%
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Agree 18 72%
Table 2 Shows the Parents sustain financially in school, as it gleaned upon,

the first column of the table is the satisfaction Rate of the respondents the second
This table shows that the satisfactory Rate of the respondents are listed
from Disagree to Strongly Agree.
Table 3
Studies improves without the parents
25 responses

Disagree 11 44%
Agree 10 40%
Table 3 shows the studies improves without the parents, as it gleaned upon,
the first column of the table is the satisfaction Rate of the respondents, the second
This table shows that the satisfaction Rate of the respondents are listed from
Disagree to Strongly Agree.
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Table 4
Parents Gives the attention and talk the most
25 responses

Disagree 12 48%
Strongly disagree 2 8%
Agree 8 32%
Table 4 shows the Parents Gives the attention and talk the most, as it
gleaned upon, the first column of the table is the satisfaction Rate of the
respondents, the second column is the frequency and the last column is the
percentage.
This table shows that the satisfaction Rate of the respondents are listed
Table 5
Mistakes that have committed by the parents both mentally and physically.
25 responses

Disagree 6 24%
Strongly disagree 2 8%
Agree 15 60%
Strongly Agree 2 8%
31
Table 5 shows the Mistakes that have committed by the parents both
mentally and physically, as it gleaned upon, the first column of the table is the
satisfaction Rate of the respondents, the second column is the frequency and the
last column is the percentage.
This table shows that the satisfaction Rate of the respondents are listed
32
Chapter 5
Summary, Conclusion and Recommendations
This part of the paper includes the summary of the study emphasized on the
general statement, methods and results of the study. Conclusions drawn from here
are based on the data presented in chapter 4 of this paper. Recommendations
presented here are based on the researcher’s technical limitations and findings.
A. Summary
This study determines the correlation between parent involvement
and student success at the high school level.
The researcher will use the Quantitative Data. According to
indeed.com, Quantitative Data is data that is in the form of numerical
values. Since each value in the dataset has a numerical value, this allows
the researcher to perform mathematical calculations with it.
As the result of the finding of this research it has some significant but
unique results of it. From it`s positive, negative and neutral results most of
the data from the respondents had some huge impact from their parents
around them in a constant manner that can affect their character and
performance in school.
B. Conclusion
Based on the data presented in Table 1 of the chapter 4 the 44% of
respondents are having the age of 15 below and 48% of the respondents are
16-17 years old. It shows that the majority of the respondents are 16-17
33
years old. Next, is the table 2 of chapter 4. The 68% of respondents have
met the gender of male and 32% of the respondents are female. To sum it
all up, the majority of the respondents are male. And last, is the table 3 of
chapter 4. The 8% of the respondents is 71-80 and 88% of the respondents
is 81-90. In other words, the majority of the respondents are 81-90.
Based on the data presented in table 1 of chapter 4 is 68% of the
respondents is Yes and No are having 32% It shows that the majority of the
respondents are Yes. Second, is the 20% of the respondents are 50% and
the 48% of the respondents are 81%-90%. To make it short, the majority of
the respondents are 81%-90%. Third is the 50% are having Yes, it was then
the No, it wasn`t are having 54.2% to sum it all up, the majority of the
respondents are No, it wasn’t. Fourth is the 45% who having the thoughts
of Positive and Negative thoughts who has an average of 40%. It shows
that the majority of the respondents have Positive thoughts. And finally, the
30% of the respondents have Positive thoughts and the Neutral thoughts
has an average of 55%. Overall, the majority of the respondents have
Neutral thoughts.
Based on the data presented in table 1 of chapter 4 is 52% of the
respondents are Disagree and Agree are having an average of 36%. To sum
it all up, the majority of the respondents are Disagree. Second is the 4% of
the respondents are Disagree and Agree are having an average of 72%. To
top it all up, the majority of the respondents are Agree. Third, is the 44% of
the respondents are Disagree and Agree has an average of 40%. To sum it
all up, the majority of the Respondents are Disagree. Fourth, is the 48% of
the respondents have Disagree and Agree has an average of 32%. In Other
Words, the majority of the respondents are Disagree. And finally, 24% of
the respondents are Disagree and Agree has an average of 60%. Overall,
the majority of the respondents are Agree.
34
C. Recommendation
Bibliography
Naite, I. (2021, March 1). Impact of parental involvement on children’s academic
Performance.
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1755-1315/690/1/012064
Garcia, A. S. (2018, May). Parental involvement among low-income Filipinos: A
Phenomenological inquiry.
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?
article=1310&context=cehsdiss
Brooks, A. (2019, November 18). Experts discuss the importance of positive

parental
Involvement in education. Rasmussen University.
https://www.rasmussen.edu/degrees/education/blog/parental-involvement-in-
education/
Huang, L. (2021, June 21). How parent involvement leads to student success and
Business growth. Agora. https://www.agora.io/en/blog/how-parent-

involvement-leads-to-student-success-and-business-growth/
Llego, M. A. (2022, September 4). The importance of parental involvement in

education.
TeacherPH.
https://www.teacherph.com/parental-involvement-education/
35
Fresno Pacific University. (2022, June 29). Continuing education. Fresno Pacific
University.
https://ce.fresno.edu/news/how-to-increase-parent-involvement-in-
education/
MyEdu. (2021, November 18). 9 strategies to improve parent involvement in

education.
MyEdu.
https://www.myeducomm.com/blog/9-strategies-to-improve-parent-involvement-
in-education/
Fedena, & 19, J. (2019, August 13). How poor parental support affects student
Growth and achievement?. Fedena Blog.

https://fedena.com/blog/2019/07/how-poor-parental-support-affects-student-
growth-and-achievement.html
Topor, D. R., Keane, S. P., Shelton, T. L., & Calkins, S. D. (2010). Parent
involvement
And student academic performance: A multiple mediational analysis.
Journal
Of prevention & intervention in the community.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3020099/
Zeynep, K. (2016, June). Analyzing parental involvement dimensions in early

childhood
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Education.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/304617226_Analyzing_parental_involve
ment_dimensions_in_early_childhood_education
Vellymalay, S. K. N. (2012). Parental involvement at home: Analyzing the

influence of
Parents’ socioeconomic status. Studies in Sociology of Science.
http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sss/article/view/j.sss.1923018420120301.2048
37
Appendix
 Curriculum Vitae
 Research Journal
 Evidences
 List of Tables
 Research Instruments
38
A.) Curriculum Vitae
39
B.) Evidences
40
C.) Journals
41
42
D.) List of Tables
43
E.) Research Instrument
44
45

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BENIGNO “NINOY” S.

AQUINO HIGH SCHOOL

THE LEVEL OF PARENTAL SUPPORT AND ITS EFFECTS

A Study Presented to the

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements

TROCINO, JOHN IVANREI M.

In partial fulfilment of the requirements for the subject of Inquiry,

RANDY O. SALENTES, Ed. D

Approved by the Committee on Oral Examination with a grade of ______

Randy O. Salentes, Ed.D

Princess Joycel M. Ibron Venice Y. Talibutab

I would like to express my deepest gratitude to the following individuals

I extend my appreciation to Mr. Limuel Lachica, Mr. Lawrence Esquejo,

I would like to acknowledge the resources and facilities provided by

Without the support and contributions of these individuals and

Parent involvement has a huge impact on determining the correlation

Background of the Study

Parent involvement in a child’s education is consistently found to be

The Academic Performance Rating Scale (APRS) (DuPaul & Rapport,

Gap (Main Problem):

Several public policy recommendations and initiatives follow from the

Framework of the Study

Figure 1. Conceptual Model for Effects of Parent Involvement on Attitudes,

Taken together, the present study identified mechanisms by which parent

The theoretical model is summarized in Figure 1. The first panel includes

expectations, reduced truancy, reduced absenteeism, and an increased focus on

Statement of the Problem

The purpose of this study is to determine whether a correlation exists

1.) What is the demographic profile of parents in academic performance for

c.) Date of birth

d.) Job (if applicable)

3.) What is the correlation of parental support to their students' academic

Significance of the Study

in their future studies.

The models of data collection were threefold-survey, interview and review

Absenteeism. The habitual non-presence of an employee at their job.

response to mistakes rather than using lengthy arguments, discussion or correction.

Review of Related Literature

A. How to Increase Parent Involvement in Education

B. Effective Strategies to Increase Parental Involvement in Education

C. Parental Involvement and Student Academic Performance: A multiple

This study will utilize descriptive research design. According to

This study will be conducted at Benigno “Ninoy” S. Aquino High

On January 25,1993 at a joint meeting of the sanguniang barangay

At first, BNAHS was an exception to R.A. 6655, nationalizing all

C. Population and Sampling Technique

This study will be utilized the people of BNAHS Grade 10

Total Population of Target Percentage

E. Data Gathering Procedure

In order to implement the study of the research, the researcher must

The statistical methods involved in carrying out a study include

A.) As the Demographic profile of the respondents

Table 1: Age of the respondents

Age Frequency Percentage

Table 2: Gender of the respondents

Gender Frequency Percentage

Table 3: GWA of the respondents

General Average Frequency Percentage

Of prevention & intervention in the community.