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    KHXHNV - Translation Practice - Lesson 10 - Modals in English 2

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    van loi nguyen
    This document provides instruction on using modals such as "would have", "could have", "might have", "couldn't have", and "may have" followed by a past participle in English. It discusses their usage in different contexts like hypothetical situations, comparisons, solutions, conjectures, questions, and admissions. Examples are given for each usage along with their Vietnamese translation. Practice sentences in English are also provided for translation into Vietnamese.

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    KHXHNV - Translation Practice - Lesson 10 - Modals in English 2

    Uploaded by

    van loi nguyen
    49 views10 pages
    This document provides instruction on using modals such as "would have", "could have", "might have", "couldn't have", and "may have" followed by a past participle in English. It discusses their usage in different contexts like hypothetical situations, comparisons, solutions, conjectures, questions, and admissions. Examples are given for each usage along with their Vietnamese translation. Practice sentences in English are also provided for translation into Vietnamese.

    Original Title

    KHXHNV - TRANSLATION PRACTICE - LESSON 10 - MODALS IN ENGLISH 2

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    This document provides instruction on using modals such as "would have", "could have", "might have", "couldn't have", and "may have" followed by a past participle in English. It discusses their usage in different contexts like hypothetical situations, comparisons, solutions, conjectures, questions, and admissions. Examples are given for each usage along with their Vietnamese translation. Practice sentences in English are also provided for translation into Vietnamese.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    49 views10 pages

    KHXHNV - Translation Practice - Lesson 10 - Modals in English 2

    Uploaded by

    van loi nguyen
    This document provides instruction on using modals such as "would have", "could have", "might have", "couldn't have", and "may have" followed by a past participle in English. It discusses their usage in different contexts like hypothetical situations, comparisons, solutions, conjectures, questions, and admissions. Examples are given for each usage along with their Vietnamese translation. Practice sentences in English are also provided for translation into Vietnamese.

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    of 10

    TRANSLATION PRACTICE

    LESSON 10

    MODALS IN ENGLISH
    Part 2
    4.1 – MODALS

    WOULD HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE


    COULD HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE
    MIGHT HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE
    4.1 – MODALS

    Usage Vietnamese Meaning Note


    a. If Clause – Type 3 CÓ LẼ, CÓ THỂ The subjective opinions of the dead
    - Truly hypothetical and in which they like or dislike, can or
    unreal, because it is now can't do.
    too late for the condition
    or its result to exist.
    - Implication of regret.
    Example:
    • Nếu không may mắn thì hắn đã có thể thiệt mạng trong tai nạn đó.
    • If He hadn’t been lucky, He would have / could have / might have been killed in that accident.

    Translate these sentences into Vietnamese:


    1. You would have gotten wet if it had rained.
    2. You would have passed your exam if you had worked harder.
    3. It’s a place that H. D. Thoreau* would have liked.
    4. We miss Joe, he would have enjoyed this moment with us.

    * Thoreau là văn sĩ và là người yêu thiên nhiên (1817 - 1862).


    4.1 – MODALS
    Usage Vietnamese Meaning Note
    b. Comparative CÓ LẼ, CÓ THỂ ONLY the subjective opinion of the
    - Comparing things that speaker, not based on statistics.
    Happened in the Past to
    one in the Present.
    Examples:
    • Today we have fine roads, good machinery and power lines. Our children can produce more in
    one year than my brother and I could have produced in ten years.
    • Ngày nay chúng tôi có đường sá tốt, máy móc tốt và các đường dây tải điện. Con cái của
    chúng tôi bây giờ có thể sản xuất trong một năm nhiều hơn ngày trước tôi và em tôi có thể sản
    xuất trong mười năm.

    Translate these sentences into Vietnamese:


    I offered to take care of my grandfather. That proved to be the best
    decision I have ever made. For what I learned from him no teacher or
    textbook could have taught me.
    4.1 – MODALS
    Usage Vietnamese Meaning
    c Solutions proposal LẼ RA CÓ THỂ
    . - Good and reasonable solutions that the
    interlocutor did not do.
    Examples:
    A - Harry, why didn’t you let me know you were coming home?
    B - I didn’t know until I got on the plane that I was.
    A - But you could have called me when you got here.

    A - Harry, vì sao anh không báo cho em biết là anh sẽ về nhà?


    B - Vì mãi cho đến khi lên máy bay anh mới biết (chắc).
    A - Nhưng lẽ ra anh cũng có thể gọi cho em khi anh đến chứ?)

    Translate these sentences into Vietnamese:


    A - How did you feel when you got fired?
    B - It was shocking. Everything I had worked for in my life was over. I had bills. I had no money.
    I had no employment.
    A - You could have looked for another job.
    B - I never thought I’d have to go looking for any other job. I thought I was safe. I was 12th on
    the seniority list. I was never going to get laid off.
    4.1 – MODALS
    Usage Vietnamese Meaning
    d. Conjecture CÓ THỂ
    - A suspicion on things happened in the Past.

    Examples:
    Her cousin could have killed her.
    Có thể người em cô cậu đã giết bà ấy.
    • For strong Conjecture, Use “MUST HAVE + PP”
    Example:
    Chắc hồi trẻ ông ấy đẹp trai lắm.
    He must have been very handsome when he was young.

    Translate these sentences into Vietnamese:


    1. Cách đây hai thập niên, có ai mơ rằng đất nước ta sẽ xuất khẩu gạo và là nước xuất khẩu gạo
    đứng thứ ba trên thế giới?
    2. Xét về hoàn cảnh gia đình khiêm tốn của bà, vài năm trước có ai có thể nghĩ rằng bà sẽ trở
    thành một vị thủ tướng đầy quyền lực?
    4.1 – MODALS
    Usage Vietnamese Meaning
    e. Wondering (KHÔNG HIỂU VÌ SAO) CÓ THỂ
    - Use in direct/ indirect question to Indicate
    surprise, or confusion because something has
    happened.
    Examples:
    • There were no holes in my pockets so I wondered how my zippo could have been lost.
    • Các túi quần của tôi chẳng có lỗ thủng nào cả. Vì vậy tôi tự hỏi làm sao cái hộp quẹt Zippo
    của tôi lại mất.

    Translate these sentences into Vietnamese:


    1. Tôi lục các ngăn kéo tìm cái thư nhưng chẳng thấy nó đâu cả. Tôi thầm hỏi: Ai có thể lấy nó
    nhỉ?
    2. Ông ấy mất bình tĩnh và xáng cho cô ấy một bạt tai. Tôi không hiểu tại sao ông lại có thể hành
    động như vậy được?
    4.2 – MODALS

    COULDN’T HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE


    Usage Vietnamese Meaning
    Superlative RẤT, HẾT SỨC, HOÀN TOÀN, KHÔNG THỂ HƠN…
    - make a comment or critique on thing
    which has just happened.
    Examples:
    • They set out in June. They couldn’t have chosen a better time for their holiday.
    • Họ lên đường vào tháng 6. Họ đã chọn thời điểm tốt nhất cho kỳ nghỉ hè của họ.

    Translate these sentences into Vietnamese:


    (With such a long and dreary trip), it's little wonder that after checking into a large, rather bleak
    hotel, we collapsed into bed convinced that the long - anticipated Ha Long Bay was going to be a
    disappointment. We couldn’t have been more mistaken. We awoke at dawn and stepping groggily
    onto our little balcony, literally gasped with amazement. The view was stunning - a panorama of
    limestone islands (some 1500 in all) spreading across the horizon as far as the eye could see.
    4.2 – MODALS

    MAY HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE


    Usage Vietnamese Meaning
    Admission CHẮC CÓ THỂ, CHẮC CÓ LẼ ĐÃ …
    - Admit a possible past actions.
    Examples:
    • They say their lives may have been bleak, but their nation commanded both respect and
    fear abroad.
    • Họ nói tuy cuộc sống của họ hồi đó có thể u tối, nhưng quốc gia của họ làm cho nước
    ngoài vừa kính trọng vừa sợ hãi.

    Notes:
    By the end of this month, I may have finished this work. (Strong possibility)
    By the end of this month, I might have finished this work. (Weak possibility)
    By the end of this month, I will have finished this work. (Certainty)
    4.2 – MODALS

    MAY HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE


    Translate these sentences into Vietnamese:
    1. He may have told her, since he had talked about wanting to text her.
    2. This plant is quite dry, John might have forgotten to water it.
    3. It is 21:30. They may have arrived an hour ago.
    4. I might have bought a rabbit if my mom had let me
    5. I might have gone to Spain if there hadn’t been a pandemic.
    6. They may have already gone to school, they're not home.
    7. I might have finished the work if I had had more time.
    8. I might have found a university I liked if I had looked for one.

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