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    22.2 Binomial Distribution Solutions

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    Patricio de Esesarte
    This document provides solutions to exercises involving the binomial distribution. It calculates probabilities using the binomial distribution formula for different scenarios involving counting successes in a fixed number of trials. For example, it calculates the probability of getting 1 correct answer out of 10 questions when the probability of a correct answer is 0.2. It also determines minimum sample sizes needed to satisfy probability requirements.

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    22.2 Binomial Distribution Solutions

    Uploaded by

    Patricio de Esesarte
    145 views3 pages
    This document provides solutions to exercises involving the binomial distribution. It calculates probabilities using the binomial distribution formula for different scenarios involving counting successes in a fixed number of trials. For example, it calculates the probability of getting 1 correct answer out of 10 questions when the probability of a correct answer is 0.2. It also determines minimum sample sizes needed to satisfy probability requirements.

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    This document provides solutions to exercises involving the binomial distribution. It calculates probabilities using the binomial distribution formula for different scenarios involving counting successes in a fixed number of trials. For example, it calculates the probability of getting 1 correct answer out of 10 questions when the probability of a correct answer is 0.2. It also determines minimum sample sizes needed to satisfy probability requirements.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    145 views3 pages

    22.2 Binomial Distribution Solutions

    Uploaded by

    Patricio de Esesarte
    This document provides solutions to exercises involving the binomial distribution. It calculates probabilities using the binomial distribution formula for different scenarios involving counting successes in a fixed number of trials. For example, it calculates the probability of getting 1 correct answer out of 10 questions when the probability of a correct answer is 0.2. It also determines minimum sample sizes needed to satisfy probability requirements.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 3

    AS Mathematics The binomial distribution

    Section 1: Introducing the binomial distribution

    Solutions to Exercise level 2


    1. Let X be the number of correct answers, so X ~ B(10, 0.2)
    (i) P( X  1)  10 C 1  0.2 1  0.8 9  0.2684 (4 s.f.)
    (ii) P( X  5 )  10 C 5  0.2 5  0.8 5  0.02642 (4 s.f.)
    (iii) P( X  3)  P( X  2)  0.6778 (4 s.f.)
    (iv) P( X  2)  1  P( X  1)  1  0.3758  0.6242 (4 s.f.)

    2. Let X be the number of heads obtained, so X ~ B(10, 0.4)


    (i) P( X  5 )  P( X  4)  0.6331 (4 s.f.)
    (ii) P( X  5 )  10 C 5  0.45  0.6 5  0.2007 (4 s.f.)
    (iii) P( X  3)  1  P( X  2)  1  0.1673  0.8327 (4 s.f.)
    (iv) Let Y be the number of occasions on which exactly 5 heads are obtained,
    so Y ~ B(7, 0.2007)
    P(Y  2)  7 C 2  0.2007 2  0.7993 5  0.276 (3 s.f.)

    3. Let X be the number of white bulbs.


    X ~ B(n, 0.2)
    P(X ≥ 1) > 0.95
    1 – P(X = 0) > 0.95
    P(X = 0) < 0.05
    0.8n  0.05
    0.8 13  0.055 and 0.8 14  0.044
    The least number of bulbs that must be selected is 14.

    4. (i) X ~ B(6, 0.15)


    (a) P(X = 0)  0.85 6  0.377 (3 s.f.)

    (b) P(X = 1)  6  0.15 (0.85)5  0.399 (3 s.f.)

    (c) P(X > 1) = 1 – P(X  1)


     1  0.776
     0.224 (3 s.f.)

    1 of 3 27/10/16 © MEI
    AS Maths The binomial distribution 1 Exercise solutions

    (d) P(X = 3)  6 C 3(0.15 )3(0.85 )3


    6 5 4
     (0.15 )3(0.85 )3  0.0415 (3 s.f.)
    123

    (ii) E(X)  np  6  0.15  0.9

    (iii) Let Y be the number of weeks in which I arrive with my suitcase on all
    flights.
    Y ~ B(4, 0.856)
    P(Y = 3)  4 (0.85 6 )3 (1  0.85 6 )  0.134

    5. (i) Could be argued either way – either that it is reasonable to assume that the each trial
    is independent and the probability of success is constant, or that it is not reasonable
    as the outcome of each trial could affect the next (improving with practice, or loss of
    confidence).

    (ii) Let X be the number of scores in 10 free shots, so X ~ B(10, 0.35)


    P( X  4)  P( X  3)  0.5138 (4 s.f.)

    (iii) Let Y be the number of times that she scores fewer than 4 times in a set,
    so Y ~ B(5, 0.5138)
    P(Y  3)  5 C 3  0.5138 3  0.4862 2  0.321 (3 s.f.)

    6. P( X  10)  21 C 10  p 10(1  p )11


    P( X  9)  21 C 9  p 9(1  p )12

    21 C 10  p 10(1  p )11  21 C 9  p 9(1  p )12


    21! 10 21!
    p (1  p )11  p 9(1  p )12
    10! 11! 9! 12!
    12! 10!
    p (1  p )
    11! 9!
    12 p  10  10 p
    22 p  10
    p 5
    11

    7. (i) Let X be the number of left-handed people in a sample of 10, so X ~ B(10, 0.2)
    P( X  3)  10 C 3  0.2 3  0.8 7  0.2013 (4 s.f.)

    2 of 3 27/10/16 © MEI
    AS Maths The binomial distribution 1 Exercise solutions

    (ii) Let Y be the number of left-handed people in a sample of 15, so Y ~ B(15, 0.2)
    P(Y  7.5 )  1  P(Y  7)  1  0.9958  0.0042 (4 s.f.)

    (iii) Let Z be the number of left-handed people in a sample of 12, so Z ~ B(12, 0.2)
    Mean of Z = 12  0.2  2.4
    P( Z  2)  12 C 2  0.2 2  0.8 10  0.2835 (4 s.f.)
    P( Z  3)  12 C 3  0.2 3  0.8 9  0.2262 (4 s.f.)
    so the most likely number is 2.

    (iv) Mean  25  0.2  5


    Standard deviation  25  0.2  0.8  2

    (v) Let W ~ B(n, 0.2)


    P(W  0)  0.8n
    0.8 n  0.05
    n log0.8  log0.05
    n  13.4
    so the sample must be at least 14 people.

    3 of 3 27/10/16 © MEI

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