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HTML

This document provides an introduction to basic HTML and CSS. It explains common HTML tags and attributes used to structure webpages. It also introduces CSS and how it can be used to style HTML elements by changing properties like colors, fonts, and layout. The document recommends learning additional techniques like JavaScript, responsive design, accessibility, and content management systems to create more advanced webpages. It concludes by noting the importance of also understanding server-side programming and databases to build dynamic websites.

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Lautaro de la Cal Ruiz
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28 views

HTML

This document provides an introduction to basic HTML and CSS. It explains common HTML tags and attributes used to structure webpages. It also introduces CSS and how it can be used to style HTML elements by changing properties like colors, fonts, and layout. The document recommends learning additional techniques like JavaScript, responsive design, accessibility, and content management systems to create more advanced webpages. It concludes by noting the importance of also understanding server-side programming and databases to build dynamic websites.

Uploaded by

Lautaro de la Cal Ruiz
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 6

Basic HTML syntax and a bit of CSS

HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) is the foundation of any website. It is the


language that describes the structure and content of a webpage. In this guide, we
will cover the basics of HTML, including tags, attributes, and the structure of a
webpage. We will also introduce CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) and how to apply
styles to HTML elements.

--------------------------------------------------------------o-------------------------------------------------

HTML Tags
HTML is composed of tags that describe the structure of a webpage. Tags are
enclosed in angle brackets (< and >) and come in pairs: an opening tag and a closing
tag. The opening tag contains the name of the tag, and the closing tag contains a
forward slash (/) before the tag name. For example:

<p>This is a paragraph:</p>

◉ <p>:Opening tag for a paragraph.

◉ </p>:Closing tag for a paragraph

--------------------------------------------------------------o-------------------------------------------------

HTML tags can be nested, meaning that one tag can be contained within another tag. For

example:

<div>

<p>This is a paragraph inside a div.</p>

</div>

◉<div>: Opening tag for a container element.

◉</div>: Closing tag for the container element.

◉<p>: Opening tag for a paragraph.


◉</p>: Closing tag for a paragraph.

--------------------------------------------------------------o-------------------------------------------------

HTML Attributes:

HTML attributes provide additional information about an element. Attributes are added to the

opening tag of an element and have a name and a value, separated by an equals sign (=).

For example:

<img src="image.jpg" alt="A picture of a cat.">

◉src="image.jpg": Specifies the location of the image file.

◉alt="A picture of a cat.": Specifies alternative text to be displayed if the image cannot

be loaded.

HTML attributes can be added to any element, including container elements, text elements, and

image elements.

--------------------------------------------------------------o-------------------------------------------------

HTML Document Structure:

Every HTML document should have a basic structure that includes the following elements:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Page Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<!-- Page content goes here -->
</body>
</html>

◉<!DOCTYPE html>: Specifies the version of HTML used in the document.

◉<html>: Opening tag for the entire HTML document.


◉<head>: Container element for the head of the document, including the page title and any metadata.

◉<title>: Element that specifies the title of the page, which is displayed in the browser
tab.

◉<body>: Container element for the body of the document, including all visible content.

--------------------------------------------------------------o-------------------------------------------------

CSS (Cascading Style Sheets)


CSS is used to define colors, fonts, margins, etc. for HTML elements. To link a CSS
stylesheet to an HTML webpage, the following tag is used in the <head> section of the
HTML document:

<link rel="stylesheet" href="path/to/style.css">

◉rel="stylesheet": Indicates that the linked file is a stylesheet.

◉href="path/to/style.css": Specifies the location of the CSS file.

Once you have linked a stylesheet to your HTML document, you can begin applying
CSS styles to HTML elements. Here are some examples of CSS styles:

◉Change background color: background-color: red;

◉Change text color: color: blue;

◉Change font: font-family: Arial, sans-serif;

◉Change font size: font-size: 16px;

◉Add a border: border: 1px solid black;

◉Change margin: margin: 10px

To apply a CSS:

To apply a CSS style to an HTML element, you need to use the element selector
followed by the style rule in curly braces {}. For example:

p{
color: red;
}
This code applies the color red to all paragraphs on the page. You can also apply
styles to specific elements using their class or ID. To assign a class to an HTML
element, add the class attribute to the opening tag with a value that identifies the
class:

<p class="my-class">This is a paragraph.</p>

To apply a style to this class, use the class selector .my-class:

.my-class {
color: blue;
}

This code applies the color blue to all elements with the class my-class. To assign an
ID to an HTML element, add the id attribute to the opening tag with a value that
identifies the ID:

<p id="my-id">This is a paragraph.</p>

To apply a style to this ID, use the ID selector #my-id:

#my-id {
font-size: 24px;
}

This code increases the font size of the element with the ID my-id to 24 pixels.

--------------------------------------------------------------o-------------------------------------------------

Conclusion
HTML is the foundation of any webpage, and CSS is used to add styles and make
the page visually appealing. Understanding the basics of HTML and CSS is essential
for creating and designing websites. By using the tags, attributes, and document
structure explained in this guide, you can create a well-structured HTML document.
By using CSS, you can add styles to your HTML elements and make your webpage
look visually appealing. With practice, you can become proficient in creating and
designing webpages using HTML and CSS.
--------------------------------------------------------------o-------------------------------------------------
In addition to basic HTML and CSS, there are also more advanced techniques and
features that you can use to create more dynamic and interactive webpages. Some
of these include:

◉JavaScript: JavaScript is a scripting language that can be used to add interactivity


to your webpage. You can use JavaScript to add animations, create dynamic forms,
and more.

◉Responsive design: Responsive design is a technique that allows your webpage to


adapt to different screen sizes and devices. This is important because more and
more people are accessing the web from mobile devices.

◉Accessibility: Accessibility is the practice of making your webpage usable by as


many people as possible, including those with disabilities. This can include things
like adding alternative text to images, making sure your webpage is keyboard
accessible, and using color contrasts that are easy to read.

◉SEO: SEO, or search engine optimization, is the practice of optimizing your


webpage so that it ranks higher in search engine results. This can involve things like
using keywords, creating quality content, and making sure your webpage is fast and
easy to navigate.

◉Content management systems: Content management systems, or CMSs, are


software platforms that allow you to create, manage, and publish content on the
web. Some popular CMSs include WordPress, Drupal, and Joomla.

By learning and mastering these more advanced techniques and features, you can
create more powerful and engaging webpages. However, it's important to remember
that HTML and CSS are the foundation of any webpage, and you should make sure
you have a solid understanding of these basics before moving on to more advanced
topics.

Another important aspect of web development is understanding how to work with


web servers and databases. When you create a webpage, you need to store the files
on a web server so that they can be accessed by users. A web server is a computer
that is connected to the internet and is responsible for storing and delivering web
pages to users. There are many different web server software options, including
Apache, Nginx, and Microsoft IIS.

In addition to web servers, many web applications also rely on databases to store
and retrieve information. A database is a structured collection of data that can be
accessed and manipulated by a computer program. Some popular databases used in
web development include MySQL, PostgreSQL, and MongoDB.

To work with web servers and databases, you'll need to learn how to write server-
side code. Server-side code is code that is executed on the web server, as opposed
to the client-side code that runs in the user's web browser. Some common server-
side programming languages include PHP, Python, Ruby, and Java.

When you combine server-side code with HTML and CSS, you can create dynamic
webpages that can interact with databases, process form data, and more. This is
often referred to as server-side scripting.

Overall, web development is a complex and constantly evolving field. Whether you're
just starting out or you're a seasoned pro, there's always more to learn. By mastering
the basics of HTML, CSS, and JavaScript, and learning how to work with web servers
and databases, you can create powerful and engaging web applications that can be
used by people all over the world.

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