Before You Read ‘A botttenose doiphin leaps above the water, A, Labeling. Match each description (1-5) with the correct part of the dolphin. 1. Dolphins sleep by resting one half of their brain at a time. i's tail doesn't have any bones, but itis full of muscles. These help to push the dolphin through the water. 3, Dolphins “hear” through a special bone in their lower jaw. 4. The bones inside a dolphin’s flippers are similar to the bones inside your arm and hand, 5. Dolphins are mammals, not fish. They breathe air using a special hole (called a blowhole) on the top of their head. |. Skimming. On the next two pages, look at the title, headings, photos, and captions What is the reading about? Circle a, b, or ¢, ‘Then read the passage to check your answer, a. types of dolphins b. things dolphins doc. what dolphins eat 8 Unit 141 Many people say dolphins are intelligent. They seem to be able to think, understand, and learn things quickly. But are they as smart as humans, or are they more like cats and dogs? Dolphins use their brains quite differently from the way humans do. But scientists say dolphins and humans are alike in some ways. How? s | Communication Like humans, every dolphin has its own “name.” The name is a special whistle. Each dolphin chooses a specific whistle for itself, usually by its first birthday. Dolphins are like people in other ways, too. They ‘‘talk" to each other about a lot of things—such as their age, their feelings, and finding food. They also use a 10 system of sounds and body language to communicate. Understanding dolphin conversation is not easy for humans. No one “speaks dolphin” yet, but some seientists are trying to learn. 1 Abate sa high-pitched Sound made by blowing ar through a hale its al - Unitth 9| Play Dolphins are also social animals, They live in groups called pods, and they often join others from different pods to play games and have fun—just like people. Scientists believe playing together is something only intelligent animals do. | Teamwork Dolphins and humans are similar in another way: both species make plans for getting things they want. In the seas of southern Brazil, for example, dolphins use an intelligent strategy to get food. When there are fish near a boat, dolphins signal to the fishermen to put their nets in the water. Using this method, the men can catch a lot of fish. Why do dolphins assist the men? There is an advantage for them: they get to eat some of the fish that escape from the net. 2 Mfyou signal to someone, you make an action ora sound to tel that penton something. © Dolphins sometimes help fishermen find food. Dolphins travel together in ‘groups known as pods.Multiple Choice. Choose the best answer for each question. HRAIE) 1. What does the reading NOT mention? | a. how dolphins communicate with each other b. how dolphins play games and have fun | ¢. how dolphins work together as a team d, how dolphins move quickly through the water (WEDEHIM 2. Where does a dolphin get its “name”? a. It gets it from its mother. ’. It gets it from scientists. ¢. It chooses it for itself 4. No one knows BEB 2: Which sentence about dolphin language is true? a, Dolphins “talk” to each other about many things, b. Dolphins whistle, but they don't use body language. ¢. Dolphin conversation is easy for humans to understand. 4. Dolphins don't “talk” about their feelings. (QRS) 4. Which sentence about dolphins and humans is NOT true? a. Dolphins and humans use their brains in the same way. , Dolphins and humans play games in groups. ¢. Dolphins and humans plan ways to do things, Did You Know? 4d. Dolphins and humans communicate their feelings to each other. The orca, or killer whale, is actually 5. In line 15, others refers to other a kind of dolphin. a. pods b. people . dolphins d. games DEAN) 6. Why do dolphins sometimes help fishermen? a, Dolphins are kind animals, b, The dolphins can get food that way. ¢. The dolphins are scared of humans. d. The fishermen ask the dolphins for help. (WEP 7. in the sentence They ger to eat some of the fish... (lines 27-28), what does get to mean? a. are able to | have to c. should . want to ‘Unita 11Understanding the Gist ‘The gist of a text is what the text is mainly about. When you read for the gist, don't read every word. Skim the text quickly to find out what it is basically about. Look at the title and any headings, photos, and captions. Another strategy is to read the first line of each paragraph. A. Multiple Choice. Skim the passage on pages 9-10 again. What is the main idea of the reading? Circle a, b, or ¢. a. Some types of dolphins are much smarter than humans bs, Scientists believe there are many different types of dolphins, ¢. Dolphins are intelligent and, in some ways, are like humans. B. Multiple Choice. Skim this short passage and answer the questions (1-2) below. Then read the passage again and check your answers. ‘The albatross is one of the world’s largest flying birds. It also has the a vinci ol i ey largest wings of any bird—up to 3.4 meters (slightly over 11 feet) from foase ene tip to tip. These giant birds use their wings to ride the ocean winds. They can fly for hours without rest, or even without moving their wings. Some may even be able to sleep while flying. Most albatrosses spend nearly all their time in the air. In fact, they only return to land to breed.’ A parent albatross might fly thousands of kilometers to find food for its young. In its lifetime, an albatross can fly a total of more than six million kilometers (3.8 milion miles), 1, ‘What is the above: passage mainly about? a. where albatrosses live ‘. albatross flying behavior ¢. albatross intelligence 2. What could be a title for this passage? a. Riding the Ocean Winds b. Catching Fish ¢. The Smartest Bird Geant Discuss with a partner. The reading on pages 9-10 mentions three ways to tell if an animal is intelligent. What are they? Can you think of other ways © Awandering to tell if an animal is intelligent? albatross 12 Unit th‘A. Matching. Read the information below and match each word in red with its definition. There are a few ways to test how smart animals are. One method is to test memory. Scientists in Japan showed a group of college students and a group of five-year-old chimps the numbers 1 to 9 in different places on a computer screen. The test was to see if the groups could remember the specific position of the numbers in the correct order. Every time, the chimps were faster than the students. Why? Did someone assist the chimps? No, but the animals probably had an important advantage: They were young, As both humans and animals get older, their memory gets worse. 1,__ a way of doing something in help 3, ____: something that helps you succeed 4, 2 exact 5. : intelligent © A Sumatran orangutan, Pongo abelti . Completion. Complete the information with the words and phrases from the box. alike conversation intelligent language system strategy Orangutans and humans are 1. in some ways. For 1 i sereting example, did you know that the orangutan is a very 2. ae animal? Orangutans use-a(n) 3. to stay dry when it rains: They take leaves from trees and use them like umbrellas, These animals don’t have a complex! 4. like humans do. But today, some orangutans are learning basic sign language. Maybe, in the future, we will be able to have a simple 5. with them. Unit 19