ELECTROSTATICS

CONTENTS
KEY CONCEPTS
EXERCISE - I
EXERCISE - II
EXERCISE-III
ANSWER KEY
 EXERCISE # I
Q.1 A negative point charge 2q and a positive charge q are fixed at a distance l apart. Where should a
positive test charge Q be placed on the line connecting the charge for it to be in equilibrium? What is the
nature of the equilibrium with respect to longitudinal motions?
Q.2 Two particles A and B each carrying a charge Q are held fixed with a separation d between then A
particle C having mass m ans charge q is kept at the midpoint of line AB. If it is displaced through a small
distance x (x << d) perpendicular to AB,
(a) then find the time period of the oscillations of C.
(b) If in the above question C is displaced along AB, find the time period of the oscillations of C.
Q.3 Draw E – r graph for 0 < r < b, if two point charges a & b are located r distance apart,
when
(i) both are + ve (ii) both are – ve
(iii) a is + ve and b is – ve (iv) a is – ve and b is + ve
Q.4 A charge + 109 C is located at the origin in free space & another charge Q at (2, 0, 0). If the
X component of the electric field at (3, 1, 1) is zero, calculate the value of Q. Is the Ycomponent zero
at (3, 1, 1)?
Q.5 Six charges are placed at the vertices of a regular hexagon as shown in the figure.
Find the electric field on the line passing through O and perpendicular to the plane
of the figure as a function of distance x from point O. (assume x >> a)

Q.6 The figure shows three infinite non-conducting

plates of charge perpendicular to the plane of
the paper with charge per unit area + , + 2
and – . Find the ratio of the net electric field at
that point A to that at point B.

Q.7 A thin circular wire of radius r has a charge Q. If a point charge q is placed at the centre of the ring, then
find the increase in tension in the wire.
Q.8 In the figure shown S is a large nonconducting sheet of uniform charge density . A
rod R of length l and mass ‘m’ is parallel to the sheet and hinged at its mid point. The
linear charge densities on the upper and lower half of the rod are shown in the figure.
Find the angular acceleration of the rod just after it is released.
Q.9 A simple pendulum of length l and bob mass m is hanging in front of a large
nonconducting sheet having surface charge density . If suddenly a charge +q is
given to the bob & it is released from the position shown in figure. Find the maximum
angle through which the string is deflected from vertical.
Q.10 A particle of mass m and charge – q moves along a diameter of a uniformly charged sphere of radius R
and carrying a total charge + Q. Find the frequency of S.H.M. of the particle if the amplitude does not
exceed R.
Q.11 A charge + Q is uniformly distributed over a thin ring with radius R. A negative point charge – Q and
mass m starts from rest at a point far away from the centre of the ring and moves towards the centre.
Find the velocity of this particle at the moment it passes through the centre of the ring.
Q.12 A spherical balloon of radius R charged uniformly on its surface with surface density . Find work done
against electric forces in expanding it upto radius 2R.

ELECTROSTATICS [7]
Q.13 A point charge + q & mass 100 gm experiences a force of 100 N at a point at a distance 20 cm from a
long infinite uniformly charged wire. If it is released find its speed when it is at a distance 40 cm from wire
Q.14 Consider the configuration of a system of four charges each of
value +q. Find the work done by external agent in changing the
configuration of the system from figure (i) to fig (ii).

Q.15 There are 27 drops of a conducting fluid. Each has radius r and they are charged to a potential V0. They
are then combined to form a bigger drop. Find its potential.
Q.16 Two identical particles of mass m carry charge Q each. Initially one is at rest on a smooth horizontal
plane and the other is projected along the plane directly towards the first from a large distance with
an initial speed V. Find the closest distance of approach.
Q.17 A particle of mass m and negative charge q is thrown in a gravity free space with
speed u from the point A on the large non conducting charged sheet with surface
charge density , as shown in figure. Find the maximum distance from A on sheet
where the particle can strike.
Q.18 Consider two concentric conducting spheres of radii a & b (b > a). Inside sphere has a positive charge
q1. What charge should be given to the outer sphere so that potential of the inner sphere becomes
zero? How does the potential varies between the two spheres & outside ?
Q.19 Three charges 0.1 coulomb each are placed on the corners of an equilateral triangle of side 1 m. If the
energy is supplied to this system at the rate of 1 kW, how much time would be required to move one of
the charges onto the midpoint of the line joining the other two?
Q.20 Two thin conducting shells of radii R and 3R are shown in figure. The outer shell carries
a charge +Q and the inner shell is neutral. The inner shell is earthed with the help of
switch S. Find the charge attained by the inner shell.
Q.21 Consider three identical metal spheres A, B and C. Spheres A carries charge + 6q and sphere B carries
charge – 3q. Sphere C carries no charge. Spheres A and B are touched together and then separated.
Sphere C is then touched to sphere A and separated from it. Finally the sphere C is touched to sphere B
and separated from it. Find the final charge on the sphere C.

Q.22 A dipole is placed at origin of coordinate system as shown in figure, find

the electric field at point P (0, y).

p
Q.23 Two point dipoles p k̂ and k̂ are located at (0, 0, 0) and (1m, 0, 2m) respectively. Find the resultant
2
electric field due to the two dipoles at the point (1m, 0, 0).
Q.24 The length of each side of a cubical closed surface is l. If charge q is situated on one of
the vertices of the cube, then find the flux passing through shaded face of the cube.
Q.25 A point charge Q is located on the axis of a disc of radius R at a distance a
from the plane of the disc. If one fourth (1/4th) of the flux from the charge
passes through the disc, then find the relation between a & R.

Q.26 A charge Q is uniformly distributed over a rod of length l. Consider a hypothetical cube of edge l with the
centre of the cube at one end of the rod. Find the minimum possible flux of the electric field through the
entire surface of the cube.
ELECTROSTATICS [8]
 EXERCISE # II
Q.1 A rigid insulated wire frame in the form of a right angled triangle
ABC, is set in a vertical plane as shown. Two bead of equal masses
m each and carrying charges q1 & q2 are connected by a cord of
length 1 & slide without friction on the wires. Considering the case
when the beads are stationary, determine.
(a) The angle . (b) The tension in the cord &
(c) The normal reaction on the beads. If the cord is now cut, what are the values of the charges for which the
beads continue to remain stationary.

ke 2
Q.2 A proton and an -particle are projected with velocity v0 = each, when
ml
they are far away from each other, as shown. The distance between their initial
velocities is L. Find their closest approach distance, mass of proton=m, charge=+e,
mass of -particle = 4m, charge = + 2e.
Q.3 A clock face has negative charges  q,  2q,  3q, .........,  12q fixed at the position of the corresponding
numerals on the dial. The clock hands do not disturb the net field due to point charges. At what time
does the hour hand point in the same direction is electric field at the centre of the dial.
Q.4 A circular ring of radius R with uniform positive charge density  per unit length is fixed in the YZ plane

 
with its centre at the origin O. A particle of mass m and positive charge q is projected from the point P
3R,0,0 on the positive X-axis directly towards O, with initial velocity v . Find the smallest value of
the speed v such that the particle does not return to P.
Q.5 2 small balls having the same mass & charge & located on the same vertical at heights h1 & h2 are thrown
in the same direction along the horizontal at the same velocity v . The 1st ball touches the ground at a
distance l from the initial vertical . At what height will the 2nd ball be at this instant ? The air drag & the
charges induced should be neglected.
Q.6 Two concentric rings of radii r and 2r are placed with centre at origin. Two
charges +q each are fixed at the diametrically opposite points of the rings
as shown in figure. Smaller ring is now rotated by an angle 90° about Z-axis
then it is again rotated by 90° about Y-axis. Find the work done by
electrostatic forces in each step. If finally larger ring is rotated by 90° about
X-axis, find the total work required to perform all three steps.

Q.7 A positive charge Q is uniformly distributed throughout the volume of a dielectric sphere of radius R . A
point mass having charge + q and mass m is fired towards the centre of the sphere with velocity v from
a point at distance r (r > R) from the centre of the sphere. Find the minimum velocity v so that it can
penetrate R/2 distance of the sphere. Neglect any resistance other than electric interaction. Charge on
the small mass remains constant throughout the motion.
Q.8 An electrometer consists of vertical metal bar at the top of which is
attached a thin rod which gets deflected from the bar under the action of
an electric charge (fig.) . The reading are taken on a quadrant graduated
in degrees . The length of the rod is l and its mass is m . What will be the
charge when the rod of such an electrometer is deflected through an
angle . Make the following assumptions :
(a) the charge on the electrometer is equally distributed between the bar & the rod
(b) the charges are concentrated at point A on the rod & at point B on the bar.

ELECTROSTATICS [9]
Q.9 A cavity of radius r is present inside a solid dielectric sphere of radius R, having
a volume charge density of . The distance between the centres of the sphere
and the cavity is a . An electron e is kept inside the cavity at an angle  = 45°
as shown . How long will it take to touch the sphere again?

Q.10 Two identical balls of charges q1 & q2 initially have equal velocity of the same magnitude and direction.
After a uniform electric field is applied for some time, the direction of the velocity of the first ball changes
by 60º and the magnitude is reduced by half . The direction of the velocity of the second ball changes
there by 90º. In what proportion will the velocity of the second ball changes ?

Q.11 Electrically charged drops of mercury fall from altitude h into a spherical metal
vessel of radius R in the upper part of which there is a small opening. The mass
of each drop is m & charge is Q. What is the number 'n' of last drop that can
still enter the sphere. Given that the (n + 1)th drop just fails to enter the sphere.

Q.12 Small identical balls with equal charges are fixed at vertices of regular 2004 - gon with side a. At a
certain instant, one of the balls is released & a sufficiently long time interval later, the ball adjacent to the
first released ball is freed. The kinetic energies of the released balls are found to differ by K at a
sufficiently long distance from the polygon. Determine the charge q of each part.

 E x
Q.13 The electric field in a region is given by E  0 i . Find the charge contained inside a cubical volume
l
bounded by the surfaces x = 0, x = a, y = 0, y = a, z = 0 and z = a. Take E0 = 5 × 103N/C, l = 2cm and
a = 1cm.

Q.14 2 small metallic balls of radii R1 & R2 are kept in vacuum at a large distance compared to the radii. Find
the ratio between the charges on the 2 balls at which electrostatic energy of the system is minimum. What
is the potential difference between the 2 balls? Total charge of balls is constant.

Q.15 Figure shows a section through two long thin concentric cylinders of
radii a & b with a < b . The cylinders have equal and opposite charges
per unit length  . Find the electric field at a distance r from the axis for
(a) r < a (b) a < r < b (c) r > b

Q.16 A solid non conducting sphere of radius R has a non-uniform charge distribution of volume charge
density,  = 0 , where 0 is a constant and r is the distance from the centre of the sphere. Show that:
r
R
(a) the total charge on the sphere is Q = 0 R3 and
KQr 2
(b) the electric field inside the sphere has a magnitude given by, E = .
R4

Q.17 A nonconducting ring of mass m and radius R is charged as shown. The charged
density i.e. charge per unit length is . It is then placed on a rough nonconducting

horizontal surface plane. At time t = 0, a uniform electric field E  E 0i is switched
on and the ring start rolling without sliding. Determine the friction force (magnitude
and direction) acting on the ring, when it starts moving.

ELECTROSTATICS [10]
Q.18 Two spherical bobs of same mass & radius having equal charges are suspended from the same point
by strings of same length. The bobs are immersed in a liquid of relative permittivity r & density 0.
Find the density  of the bob for which the angle of divergence of the strings to be the same in the air
& in the liquid ?

Q.19 An electron beam after being accelerated from rest through a potential difference of 500 V in vacuum is
allowed to impinge normally on a fixed surface. If the incident current is 100  A, determine the force
exerted on the surface assuming that it brings the electrons to rest. (e = 1.6×1019 C ; m = 9.0×1031 kg)

Q.20 Find the electric field at centre of semicircular ring shown in figure.

Q.21 A cone made of insulating material has a total charge Q spread uniformly
over its sloping surface. Calculate the energy required to take a test charge
q from infinity to apex A of cone. The slant length is L.

Q.22 An infinite dielectric sheet having charge density  has a hole of radius R
in it. An electron is released on the axis of the hole at a distance 3R
from the centre. What will be the velocity which it crosses
the plane of sheet. (e = charge on electron and m = mass of electron)

Q.23 Two concentric rings, one of radius 'a' and the other of radius 'b' have the
charges +q and – 2 53 / 2 q respectively as shown in the figure. Find
the ratio b/a if a charge particle placed on the axis at z = a is in equilibrium.

Q.24 Two charges + q1 &  q2 are placed at A and B respectively. A line of

force emerges from q1 at angle  with line AB. At what angle will it
terminate at  q2?

ELECTROSTATICS [11]
 ANSWER KEY
EXERCISE # I
m3 0d 3 m3 0 d 3
Q.1 a = l(1 + 2 ), the equilibrium will be stable Q.2 (a) (b)
Qq 2 Qq

Q.3 (i) (ii) (iii) (iv)

3
3/ 2 qQ
–   3 × 10–9 C
82 0 r 2
Q.4 Q.5 0 Q.6 0 Q.7
11 

3    q0 
2 tan  
1 qQ 2kQ 2
–1
Q.8
2 m 0
Q.9
  Q.10 2 4 0 mR 3 Q.11
 0
2 mg  mR

Q.12 –
 2 R 3
0
Q.13 20 ln2 Q.14 –
kq 2
a

3 2  Q.15 9V0

 q1  1 1 
 Vr     ; a r  b
 4  r a
2 0 u 2 m
0
q 1 1
(i) q2 =  q1 ; (ii)  Vb  1    ; r b
Q2 b
m 0 V 2 q
Q.16 Q.17 Q.18
a 4 0  b a 

V  1  q1  q 2  ; rb
 r 4 0  r r 

(  i  2 j)
kP
Q.19 1.8  105 sec Q.20 – Q/3 Q.21 1.125 q Q.22 2y 3

q Q
 kp k̂
7 R
Q.23
8
Q.24 24 0 Q.25 a=
3
Q.26 2 0
EXERCISE # II
kq1q 2
Q.1 (a) 60º (b) mg + (c) 3 mg , mg . q1 & q2 should have unlike charges for the beads to remain
2
stationaly & q1q2 =  mg l2/k
 5  89  q
Q.2  L  
2

 Q.5 H2 = h1 + h2  g  
2 0 m
Q.3 9.30 Q.4
 8  V

 8 4  Kq 2  2KQq  r R 3  
1/ 2
Q.6 Wfirst step =    , Wsecond step = 0, Wtotal = 0 Q.7    
3 5 r  mR  r 8  

  6 2mr 0
q = 4l 4 0 mgsin  sin
v
ea
Q.8 Q.9 Q.10
2 2 3
4 0 mg( hR )R
Q.11 n= 2 Q.12 4 0 Ka Q.13 2.2 × 10–12C Q.14 
Q1 R 1
q Q2 R 2
ELECTROSTATICS [15]
 2 K  r 0
Q.15 0, ,0 Q.17  R E 0 î Q.18  Q.19 7.5 × 10–9 N
r r  1

4kq Qq eR
– î
2 0 L m 0
R
Q.20 2 Q.21 Q.22 v= Q.23 2

  q1 
b = 2 sin -1  sin 
q 2 
Q.24
 2

EXERCISE # III
Q.1 C Q.2 D Q.3 A Q.4 (i) A, C, (ii) D, (iii) A, C
a 2 Q 2  1a n 
2
RQ 2
 where a = )
R
80 R  1a  r R
Q.5 (a) U2 = , (b) U (n =

2
80 r 2

, (b) U = mg  2 h  a  h  equilibrium at h =
4a 2 2 a
 
Q.6 (i) C, (ii) (a) H = ,
3 3

Q.7 (a) E, (b) B, (c) v0 = 3 m/s ; K.E. at the origin = (2710 6 ) × 10 4 J approx.2.5 ×10 4 J
Q.8 C Q.9 5.86 m/s Q.10 B Q.11 A

Q.12 –
1 q2 4
·
4  0 a 6

3 3 3 6  2 
Q.13 (a) K.E  P Q , (b) QP along positive x-axis Q.14 C
4  0 d 2 2  0 d 3
1   2 Qa a
1/ 3
Q.15 -, +, +, -, +, - Q.16 2 2 0 Q.17 C Q.18 D Q.19 V' =   .V
 3t 
Q.20 A,B,C,D

ELECTROSTATICS [16]
CURRENT ELECTRICITY

CONTENTS
KEY CONCEPTS
EXERCISE - I
EXERCISE - II
EXERCISE-III
ANSWER KEY
 EXERCISE # I

Q.1 A network of nine conductors connects six points A, B, C, D, E and F

as shown in figure. The figure denotes resistances in ohms. Find the
equivalent resistance between A and D.

Q.2 In the circuit shown in figure potential difference between point A and B is 16 V. Find the current passing
through 2 resistance.

Q.3 Find the current I & voltage V in the circuit shown.

Q.4 Find the equivalent resistance of the circuit between points A and B shown in
figure is: (each branch is of resistance = 1)
Q.5 Find the current through 25V cell & power supplied by
20V cell in the figure shown.

Q.6 If a cell of constant E.M.F. produces the same amount of the heat during the same time in two independent
resistors R1 and R2, when they are separately connected across the terminals of the cell, one after the
another, find the internal resistance of the cell.
Q.7 Find the effective resistance of the network (see figure) between the points A and B.
Where R is the resistance of each part.

Q.8 In the circuit shown in figure, all wires have equal resistance r. Find the
equivalent resistance between A and B.

Q.9 Find the resistor in which maximum heat will be produced.

Q.10 For what value of R in circuit, current through 4 resistance is zero.

Q.11 In the circuit shown in figure the reading of ammeter is the same
with both switches open as with both closed. Then find the
resistance R. (ammeter is ideal)

Current Electricity [7]

Q.12 If the switches S1, S2 and S3 in the figure are arranged such that
current through the battery is minimum, find the voltage across
points A and B.

Q.13 The figure shows a network of resistor each heaving value 12.
Find the equivalent resistance between points A and B.

Q.14 A battery of emf 0 = 10 V is connected across a 1 m long uniform

wire having resistance 10/m. Two cells of emf 1 = 2V and 2 = 4V
having internal resistances 1 and 5 respectively are connected as
shown in the figure. If a galvanometer shows no deflection at the
point P, find the distance of point P from the point a.

Q.15 A potentiometer wire AB is 100 cm long and

has a total resistance of 10ohm. If the
galvanometer shows zero deflection at the
position C, then find the value of unknown
resistance R.

Q.16 In the figure shown for gives values of R1 and R2 the balance point for
Jockey is at 40 cm from A. When R2 is shunted by a resistance of 10 ,
balance shifts to 50 cm. find R1 and R2. (AB = 1 m): 

Q.17 A part of a circuit is shown in figure. Here reading of ammeter is 5

ampere and voltmeter is 96V & voltmeter resistance is 480 ohm. Then
find the resistance R
Q.18 An accumulator of emf 2 Volt and negligible internal resistance is connected across a uniform wire of
length 10m and resistance 30. The appropriate terminals of a cell of emf 1.5 Volt and internal resistance
1 is connected to one end of the wire, and the other terminal of the cell is connected through a sensitive
galvanometer to a slider on the wire. What length of the wire will be required to produce zero deflection
of the galvanometer ? How will the balancing change (a) when a coil of resistance 5 is placed in series
with the accumulator, (b) the cell of 1.5 volt is shunted with 5 resistor ?
Q.19 The resistance of the galvanometer G in the circuit is 25. The meter deflects
full scale for a current of 10 mA. The meter behaves as an ammeter of
three different ranges. The range is 0–10 A, if the terminals O and P are
taken; range is 0 – 1 A between O and Q ; range is 0 – 0.1 A between O
and R. Calculate the resistance R1, R2 and R3.
List of recommended questions from I.E. Irodov.
3.147, 3.149, 3.150, 3.154, 3.155, 3.169, 3.175, 3.176,
3.179, 3.186, 3.189, 3.190, 3.194, 3.196, 3.207

Current Electricity [8]

 EXERCISE # II
Q.1 A triangle is constructed using the wires AB , BC & CA of same material and of resistance , 2 & 3
respectively. Another wire of resistance 3 from A can make a sliding contact with wire BC. Find the
maximum resistance of the network between points A and the point of sliding wire with BC.

Q.2(a) The current density across a cylindrical conductor of radius R varies according to the equation
 r
J = J 0 1   , where r is the distance from the axis. Thus the current density is a maximum Jo at the
 R
axis r = 0 and decreases linearly to zero at the surface r = R. Calculate the current in terms of Jo and the
conductor’s cross sectional area is A = R2.
(b) Suppose that instead the current density is a maximum Jo at the surface and decreases linearly to zero at
r
the axis so that J = J0 . Calculate the current.
R

Q.3 What will be the change in the resistance of a circuit consisting of five
identical conductors if two similar conductors are added as shown by
the dashed line in figure.

Q.4 The current I through a rod of a certain metallic oxide is given by I = 0.2 V5/2, where V is the potential
difference across it. The rod is connected in series with a resistance to a 6V battery of negligible internal
resistance. What value should the series resistance have so that :
(i) the current in the circuit is 0.44
(ii) the power dissipated in the rod is twice that dissipated in the resistance.

Q.5 A piece of resistive wire is made up into two squares with a common side of length 10 cm. A currant
enters the rectangular system at one of the corners and leaves at the diagonally opposite corners. Show
that the current in the common side is 1/5th of the entering current. What length of wire connected
between input and output terminals would have an equivalent effect.
Q.6 A network of resistance is constructed with R1 & R2 as
shown in the figure. The potential at the points 1, 2, 3,.., N
are V1, V2, V3 , .., Vn respectively each having a potential
k time smaller than previous one. Find:
R1 R2
(i) and R in terms of k
R2 3
(ii) current that passes through the resistance R2 nearest to the V0 in terms V0, k & R3.

Q.7 A hemisphere network of radius a is made by using a conducting wire

of resistance per unit length r. Find the equivalent resistance across OP.

Q.8 Three equal resistance each of R ohm are connected as shown in figure. A
battery of 2 volts of internal resistance 0.1 ohm is connected across the
circuit. Calculate R for which the heat generated in the circuit is maximum.

Current Electricity [9]

Q.9 A person decides to use his bath tub water to generate electric power to run a 40 watt bulb. The bath
tube is located at a height of 10 m from the ground & it holds 200 litres of water. If we install a water
driven wheel generator on the ground, at what rate should the water drain from the bath tube to light
bulb? How long can we keep the bulb on, if the bath tub was full initially. The efficiency of generator is
90%.(g = 10m/s–2)

Q.10 In the circuit shown in figure, calculate the following :

(i) Potential difference between points a and b when switch S is open.
(ii) Current through S in the circuit when S is closed.

Q.11 The circuit shown in figure is made of a homogeneous wire of uniform

cross-section. ABCD is a square. Find the ratio of the amounts of heat
liberated per unit time in wire A-B and C-D.

Q.12 A rod of length L and cross-section area A lies along the x-axis between x = 0 and x = L. The material
obeys Ohm’s law and its resistivity varies along the rod according to  (x) = 0 e–x/L. The end of the rod
at x = 0 is at a potential V0 and it is zero at x = L.
(a) Find the total resistance of the rod and the current in the wire.
(b) Find the electric potential in the rod as a function of x.

Q.13 In the figure. PQ is a wire of uniform cross-section and of

resistance R0. A is an ideal ammeter and the cells are of negligible
resistance. The jockey J can freely slide over the wire PQ making
contact on it at S. If the length of the wire PS is f = 1/nth of PQ,
find the reading on the ammeter. Find the value of ‘f’ for
maximum and minimum reading on the ammeter.
Q.14 An ideal cell having a steady emf of 2 volt is connected across the potentiometer wire of length 10 m. The
potentiometer wire is of magnesium and having resistance of 11.5 /m. An another cell gives a null point at
6.9 m. If a resistance of 5 is put in series with potentiometer wire, find the new position of the null point.
Q.15 Find the equivalent resistance of the following group of resistances between A and B. Each resistance
of the circuit is R

(a) (b)

Q.16 An enquiring physics student connects a cell to a circuit and measures the current drawn from the
cell to I1. When he joins a second identical cell is series with the first, the current becomes I2. When
the cells are connected are in parallel, the current through the circuit is I3. Show that relation between
the current is 3 I3 I2 = 2 I1 (I2 + I3)

Q.17 Find the potential difference VA – VB for the circuit

shown in the figure.

Current Electricity [10]

Q.18 A resistance R of thermal coefficient of resistivity =  is connected in parallel with a resistance = 3R,
having thermal coefficient of resistivity = 2. Find the value of eff .

 resistance in the figure shown.

2
Q.19 Find the current through
3

Q.20 A galvanometer having 50 divisions provided with a variable shunt s is used to measure the current when
connected in series with a resistance of 90  and a battery of internal resistance 10 . It is observed
that when the shunt resistance are 10, 50, respectively the deflection are respectively 9 & 30 divisions.
What is the resistance of the galvanometer? Further if the full scale deflection of the galvanometer movement
is 300 mA, find the emf of the cell.

Q.21 In the primary circuit of potentiometer the rheostat can be varied from 0 to 10. Initially it is at minimum
resistance (zero).
(a) Find the length AP of the wire such that the galvanometer shows zero
deflection.
(b) Now the rheostat is put at maximum resistance (10) and the switch S is
closed. New balancing length is found to 8m. Find the internal resistance r
of the 4.5V cell.

Q.22 A galvanometer (coil resistance 99 ) is converted into a ammeter using a shunt of 1and connected as
shown in the figure (i). The ammeter reads 3A. The same galvanometer is converted into a voltmeter by
connecting a resistance of 101  in series. This voltmeter is connected as shown in figure(ii). Its reading
is found to be 4/5 of the full scale reading. Find
(a) internal resistance r of the cell
(b) range of the ammeter and voltmeter
(c) full scale deflection current of the galvanometer

Current Electricity [11]

 ANSWER KEY
EXERCISE # I

22
Q.1 1 Q.2 3.5 A Q.3 I = 2.5 A, V = 3.5 Volts Q.4
35
12A, –20W
3r
Q.5 Q.6 R1R 2 Q.7 8/7 R Q.8
5
Q.9 4 Q.10 1 Q.11 600 Q.12 1V
10
Q.13 9 Q.14 46.67 cm Q.15 4 ohm Q.16 , 5 
3
Q.17 20 ohm Q.18 7.5 m, 8.75m, 6.25m Q.19 R1 = 0.0278 , R2 = 0.25 , R3 = 2.5 
EXERCISE # II

R2 3
Q.1 (3/11) Q.2 (a) J0A/3; (b) 2J0A/3 Q.3 R1 5

 
Q.4 (i) 10.52; (ii) 0.3125 Q.5 7/5 times the length of any side of the square
( k  1) 2 k (k  1) k V0
2
( 2  ) a r
( k  1)
Q.6 (i) ; (ii) Q.7
k R3 8
Q.8 0.3 Q.9 4/9 kg/sec., 450 sec
Q.10 (i) Vab = – 12 V, (ii) 3 amp from b to a Q.11 11 6 2
0L  1  V0 A  e  V (e  x / L  e 1 )
1   ; I =   ;V= 0
0 L  e  1 
Q.12 R=
A  e 1  e 1

r  R 0 (f  f 2 )
Q.13 ; for Imax f = 0, 1 ; Imin f = 1/2 Q.14 7.2 m Q.15 (a) 5/7 R, (b) 9R/14
5
– Q.18 eff = 
22
Q.17 V Q.19 1A Q.20 233.3; 144V Q.21 (a) 6 m, (b) 1
9 4
Q.22 (a) 1.01 W, (b) 0-5A, 0-10V, (c) 0.05 A
EXERCISE # III
V1r2  V2 r1 r1 r2
Q.1 20/3 V Q.2 (i) D; (ii) M–1L–3T3A2; (iii) r1  r2
,
r1  r2
Q.3 D
Q.4 A Q.5 A Q.6 D

Q.7 (a) No, (b) (c) 8  Q.8 A Q.9 A

Q.10 Battery should be connected across A and B. Out put can be taken across the terminals A and C or B and C
Q.11 A Q.12 B Q.13 C
Voltmeter
106 
G1

100 
Ammeter

G2  10-3 
Q.14 Q.15 B Q.16 B Q.17 D
E

Q.18 This is true for r1= r2; So R2 given most accurate value Q.19 A

Current Electricity [15]

CAPACITANCE

CONTENTS
KEY CONCEPTS
EXERCISE - I
EXERCISE - II
EXERCISE-III
ANSWER KEY
 EXERCISE # I
Q.1 A solid conducting sphere of radius 10 cm is enclosed by a thin metallic shell of radius 20 cm. A charge
q = 20C is given to the inner sphere. Find the heat generated in the process, the inner sphere is
connected to the shell by a conducting wire
Q.2 The capacitor each having capacitance C = 2F are connected with a
battery of emf 30 V as shown in figure. When the switch S is closed. Find
(a) the amount of charge flown through the battery
(b) the heat generated in the circuit
(c) the energy supplied by the battery
(d) the amount of charge flown through the switch S
Q.3 The plates of a parallel plate capacitor are given charges +4Q and –2Q. The capacitor is then connected
across an uncharged capacitor of same capacitance as first one (= C). Find the final potential difference
between the plates of the first capacitor.
Q.4 In the given network if potential difference between p and q is 2V and
C2 = 3C1. Then find the potential difference between a & b.

Q.5 Find the equivalent capacitance of the circuit

between point A and B.

Q.6 The two identical parallel plates are given charges as shown in figure. If the
plate area of either face of each plate is A and separation between plates is
d, then find the amount of heat liberate after closing the switch.

Q.7 Find heat produced in the circuit shown in figure on closing the switch S.

Q.8 In the following circuit, the resultant capacitance between A and

B is 1 F. Find the value of C.

Q.9 Three capacitors of 2F, 3F and 5F are independently charged
with batteries of emf’s 5V, 20V and 10V respectively. After
disconnecting from the voltage sources. These capacitors are connected
as shown in figure with their positive polarity plates are connected to
A and negative polarity is earthed. Now a battery of 20V and an
uncharged capacitor of 4F capacitance are connected to the junction
A as shown with a switch S. When switch is closed, find :
(a) the potential of the junction A.
(b) final charges on all four capacitors.

CAPACITANCE [4]
Q.10 Find the charge on the capacitor C = 1 F in the circuit shown in the figure.

Q.11 Find the capacitance of the system shown in figure.

Q.12 The figure shows a circuit consisting of four capacitors. Find

the effective capacitance between X and Y.

Q.13 Five identical capacitor plates, each of area A, are arranged such that
adjacent plates are at a distance 'd' apart, the plates are connected to a
source of emf V as shown in figure. The charge on plate 1
is______________ and that on plate 4 is _________.

Q.14 In the circuit shown in the figure, intially SW is open.

When the switch is closed, the charge passing through
the switch ____________ in the direction
_________ to ________ .

Q.15 In the circuit shown in figure, find the amount of heat

generated when switch s is closed.

Q.16 Two parallel plate capacitors of capacitance C and 2C are connected in parallel then following steps are performed.
(i) A battery of voltage V is connected across points A and B.
(ii) A dielectric slab of relative permittivity k is slowly inserted in capacitor C.
(iii) Battery is disconnected.
(iv) Dielectric slab is slowly removed from capacitor.
Find the heat produced in (i) and work done by external agent in step (ii) & (iv).
Q.17 The plates of a parallel plate capacitor are separated by a distance d = 1 cm. Two parallel sided dielectric
slabs of thickness 0.7 cm and 0.3 cm fill the space between the plates. If the dielectric constants of the two
slabs are 3 and 5 respectively and a potential difference of 440V is applied across the plates. Find :
(i) the electric field intensities in each of the slabs.
(ii) the ratio of electric energies stored in the first to that in the second dielectric slab.
Q.18 A 10 F and 20 F capacitor are connected to a 10 V cell in parallel for some time after which the
capacitors are disconnected from the cell and reconnected at t = 0 with each other , in series, through
wires of finite resistance. The +ve plate of the first capacitor is connected to the –ve plate of the second
capacitor. Draw the graph which best describes the charge on the +ve plate of the 20 F capacitor with
increasing time.
List of recommended questions from I.E. Irodov.
3.101, 3.102, 3.103, 3.113, 3.117, 3.121, 3.122, 3.123, 3.124, 3.132, 3.133, 3.141, 3.142, 3.177, 3.184,
3.188, 3.199, 3.200, 3.201, 3.203, 3.204, 3.205
CAPACITANCE [5]
 EXERCISE # II

Q.1 (a) For the given circuit. Find the potential difference across all the capacitors.
(b) How should 5 capacitors, each of capacities, 1F be connected so
as to produce a total capacitance of 3/7 F.

Q.2 The gap between the plates of a plane capacitor is filled with an isotropic insulator whose di-electric
  
constant varies in the direction perpendicular to the plates according to the law K = K1 1  sin X  ,
 d 
where d is the separation, between the plates & K1 is a constant. The area of the plates is S. Determine
the capacitance of the capacitor.

Q.3 Five identical conducting plates 1, 2, 3, 4 & 5 are fixed parallel

to and equdistant from each other (see figure). Plates 2 & 5 are
connected by a conductor while 1 & 3 are joined by another
conductor . The junction of 1 & 3 and the plate 4 are connected
to a source of constant e.m.f. V0. Find ;
(i) the effective capacity of the system between the terminals of the source.
(ii) the charges on plates 3 & 5.
Given d = distance between any 2 successive plates & A = area of either face of each plate .

Q.4 A potential difference of 300 V is applied between the plates of a plane capacitor spaced 1 cm apart. A
plane parallel glass plate with a thickness of 0.5 cm and a plane parallel paraffin plate with a thickness of
0.5 cm are placed in the space between the capacitor plates find :
(i) Intensity of electric field in each layer.
(ii) The drop of potential in each layer.
(iii) The surface charge density of the charge on capacitor the plates. Given that : kglass = 6, kparaffin= 2

Q.5 A charge 200C is imparted to each of the two identical parallel plate capacitors connected in parallel.
At t =0, the plates of both the capacitors are 0.1m apart. The plates of first capacitor move towards
each other with relative velocity 0.001m/s and plates of second capacitor move apart with the same
velocity. Find the current in the circuit at the moment.

Q.6 A parallel plate capacitor has plates with area A & separation d . A battery charges the plates to a
potential difference of V0. The battery is then disconnected & a di-electric slab of constant K & thickness
d is introduced. Calculate the positive work done by the system (capacitor + slab) on the man who
introduces the slab.

Q.7 A capacitor of capacitance C0 is charged to a potential V0 and then isolated. A small capacitor C is then
charged from C0, discharged & charged again, the process being repeated n times. The potential of the
large capacitor has now fallen to V. Find the capacitance of the small capacitor. If V0 = 100 volt,
V=35volt, find the value of n for C0 = 0.2 F & C = 0.01075 F . Is it possible to remove charge on
C0 this way?

Q.8 When the switch S in the figure is thrown to the left, the plates of capacitors
C1 acquire a potential difference V. Initially the capacitors C2C3 are
uncharged. Thw switch is now thrown to the right. What are the final charges
q1, q2 & q3 on the corresponding capacitors.

CAPACITANCE [6]
Q.9 A parallel plate capacitor with air as a dielectric is arranged horizontally. The lower plate
is fixed and the other connected with a vertical spring. The area of each plate is A. In the
steady position, the distance between the plates is d0. When the capacitor is connected
with an electric source with the voltage V, a new equilibrium appears, with the distance
between the plates as d1. Mass of the upper plates is m.
(i) Find the spring constant K.
(ii) What is the maximum voltage for a given K in which an equilibrium is possible ?
(iii) What is the angular frequency of the oscillating system around the equilibrium value d1.
(take amplitude of oscillation << d1)

Q.10 An insolated conductor initially free from charge is charged by repeated contacts with a plate which after
each contact has a charge Q due to some mechanism . If q is the charge on the conductor after the first
Qq
Qq
operation, prove that the maximum charge which can be given to the conductor in this way is .

Q.11 A parallel plate capacitor is filled by a di-electric whose relative permittivity varies with the applied
voltage according to the law = V, where  = 1 per volt. The same (but containing no di-electric)
capacitor charged to a voltage V = 156 volt is connected in parallel to the first "non-linear" uncharged
capacitor. Determine the final voltage Vf across the capacitors.

Q.12 A capacitor consists of two air spaced concentric cylinders. The outer of radius b is fixed, and the inner is of
radius a. If breakdown of air occurs at field strengths greater than Eb, show that the inner cylinder should have
(i) radius a = b/e if the potential of the inner cylinder is to be maximum
(ii) radius a = b e if the energy per unit length of the system is to be maximum.

Q.13 Find the charge flown through the switch from A to B when it is closed.

Q.14 Figure shows three concentric conducting spherical

shells with inner and outer shells earthed and the middle
shell is given a charge q. Find the electrostatic energy
of the system stored in the region I and II.

Q.15 The capacitors shown in figure has been charged to a potential difference
of V volts, so that it carries a charge CV with both the switches S1 and S2
remaining open. Switch S1 is closed at t=0. At t=R1C switch S1 is opened
and S2 is closed. Find the charge on the capacitor at t=2R1C + R2C.

Q.16 In the figure shown initially switch is open for a long time. Now the
switch is closed at t = 0. Find the charge on the rightmost capacitor as
a function of time given that it was intially unchanged.

CAPACITANCE [7]
Q.17 In the given circuit, the switch is closed in the position 1 at t = 0 and then moved
to 2 after 250 s. Derive an expression for current as a function of time for
t > 0. Also plot the variation of current with time.

Q.18 Find the charge which flows from point A to B, when

switch is closed.

EXERCISE # III

Q.1 Two parallel plate capacitors A & B have the same

separation d = 8.85 × 104 m between the plates. The
plate areas of A & B are 0.04 m2 & 0.02 m2
respectively. A slab of di-electric constant (relative
permittivity) K=9 has dimensions such that it can exactly
fill the space between the plates of capacitor B.
(i) the di-electric slab is placed inside A as shown in the figure (i) A is then charged to a potential difference
of 110 volt. Calculate the capacitance of A and the energy stored in it.
(ii) the battery is disconnected & then the di-electric slab is removed from A . Find the work done by the
external agency in removing the slab from A .
(iii) the same di-electric slab is now placed inside B, filling it completely. The two capacitors A & B are then
connected as shown in figure (iii). Calculate the energy stored in the system. [ JEE '93, 7 ]

Q.2 Two square metallic plates of 1 m side are kept 0.01 m apart, like a parallel plate capacitor, in air in such
a way that one of their edges is perpendicular, to an oil surface in a tank filled with an insulating oil. The
plates are connected to a battery of e.m.f. 500 volt . The plates are then lowered vertically into the oil at
a speed of 0.001 m/s. Calculate the current drawn from the battery during the process.
[di-electric constant of oil = 11, 0 = 8.85 × 1012 C2/N2 m2] [ JEE '94, 6 ]
Q.3 A parallel plate capacitor C is connected to a battery & is charged to a potential difference V. Another
capacitor of capacitance 2C is similarly charged to a potential difference 2V volt. The charging battery is
now disconnected & the capacitors are connected in parallel to each other in such a way that the positive
terminal of one is connected to the negative terminal of other. The final energy of the configuration is :
3 25 9
(A) zero (B) CV2 (C) CV2 (D) CV2 [ JEE '95, 1 ]
2 6 2

Q.4 The capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor with plate area 'A' & separation d
is C. The space between the plates is filled with two wedges of di-electric constant
K1 & K2 respectively. Find the capacitance of the resulting capacitor.
[ JEE '96, 2 ]

Q.5 Two capacitors A and B with capacities 3 F and 2 F are charged to a

potential difference of 100 V and 180 V respectively. The plates of the
capacitors are connected as shown in figure with one wire from each
capacitor free. The upper plate of a is positive and that of B is negative. an
uncharged 2 F capacitor C with lead wires falls on the free ends to complete
the circuit. Calculate :
(i) the final charges on the three capacitors
(ii) The amount of electrostatic energy stored in the system before and after the completion of the circuit.
[ JEE '97 (cancelled)]
CAPACITANCE [8]
 ANSWER KEY
EXERCISE # I
Q.1 9J Q.2 (a) 20 C, (b) 0.3 mJ, (c) 0.6 mJ. (d) 60 C
2
1 q d
2 0 A
Q.3 3Q/2C Q.4 30 V Q.5 C Q.6

F
32
Q.7 0 Q.8
23
100
Q.9 (a) volts; (b) 28.56 C, 42.84 C, 71.4 C, 22.88 C Q.10 10 C
7
25  0 A A 0 V 2A 0 V
F ,– 60 c , A to B
8
Q.11 Q.12 Q.13 Q.14
24 d 3 d d
3 1 1
Q.15 150 J Q.16 (i) CV2; (ii) – CV2(K – 1); (K + 2) (K – 1)CV2 ;
2 2 6

Q.17 (i) 5 x 104 V/m , 3 x 104 V/m; (ii) 35/9 Q.18

EXERCISE # II

Q.1 (a) 12 V, 9 V, 3 V, 13 V, 16 V , (b)

SK1 5  0 A  4  0 AVa  2   AV 
  ; (ii) Q3=  d  , Q5 =  0 a 
3   3 d 
Q.2 C = Q.3 (i)
2d 3 d 

Q.4 (i) 1.5 × 104 V/m, 4.5 × 104 V/m, (ii) 75 V, 225 V, (iii) 8 × 10–7 C/m2
 1  V 1 / n 
Q.6 W = C0 V0 1  Q.7 C = C0  0  1 = 0.01078 F, n = 20
1 2
Q.5 2A
2  K  V  
C1 VC 2 C3 
2
C1C 2 C 3 V
Q.8 q1 = q = q3
C1C 2 C 2 C3 C1C3 2 C1C 2  C 2 C 3 C 3 C1

 0 AV 2 K 2   Kd3   AV 2 
3/ 2 1/ 2

 d0  ,  1 03 
2d1 d 0  d1  A 0  3 
Q.9 2 , Q.11 12 volt Q.13 69 mC
 md1 

3kq12  1  CV
where q1   q = CE 1   + 2
4q
; UII = 2 K (q  q1 ) 2 35 r Q.15
 e
Q.14 UI =
10 r 25 e

CV  1  t / RC 
1  e 
2  2 
Q.16 q=

CAPACITANCE [10]
 I(amp)

Q.17 For t  250 s, I = 0.04 e–4000 t amp ; 0.04

0.015
6
For t > 250 s, I = – 0.11e 4000( t  250) 10 amp, t
(x10–4s)

– 0.11

– C
400
Q.18
7

EXERCISE # III

Q.1 (i) 0.2 × 108 F, 1.2 × 105 J ; (ii) 4.84 × 105 J ; (iii) 1.1 × 105 J

4.425 × 109 Ampere

CK1K 2 K
K 2 K1  K1
Q.2 Q.3 B Q.4 ln 2

Q.5 QA = 90 C, QB = 150 C, QC = 210 C, Ui = 47.4 mJ, Uf = 18 mJ

A  2   d 
n 0 
4.8
×108 m/s
 2 0 
Q.6 Q.7 D Q.8 2
2 9 .1
CVR 2 R1  R 2
Q.9 C Q.10 Q0 = R  R and a = CR R Q.11 D
1 2 1 2
MAGNETIC EFFECT OF CURRENT

CONTENTS
KEY CONCEPT
EXERCISE - I
EXERCISE - II
EXERCISE - III
ANSWER KEY
 EXERCISE # I
Q.1 Figure shows a straight wire of length l carrying a current i. Find the
magnitude of magnetic field produced by the current at point P.

5 5
Q.2 Two circular coils A and B of radius cm and 5 cm respectively carry current 5 Amp and Amp
2 2
respectively. The plane of B is perpendicular to plane of A and their centres coincide. Find the magnetic
field at the centre.

Q.3 Find the magnetic field at the centre P of square of side a shown in figure.

Q.4 What is the magnitude of magnetic field at the centre ‘O’ of loop of radius 2 m
made of uniform wire when a current of 1 amp enters in the loop and taken out of
it by two long wires as shown in the figure.

Q.5 Find the magnetic induction at the origin in the figure shown.

Q.6 Find the magnetic induction at point O, if the current carrying

wire is in the shape shown in the figure.

Q.7 Find the magnitude of the magnetic induction B of a magnetic field generated
by a system of thin conductors along which a current i is flowing at a
point A (O, R, O), that is the centre of a circular conductor of radius R.
The ring is in yz plane.

Q.8 Two circular coils of wire each having a radius of 4 cm and 10 turns have a common axis and are 6 cm
apart . If a current of 1 A passes through each coil in the opposite direction find the magnetic induction.
(i) At the centre of either coil ;
(ii) At a point on the axis, midway between them.

Q.9 Six wires of current I1 = 1A, I2 = 2A, I3 = 3A, I4 = 1A, I5 = 5A and

I6 = 4A cut the page perpendicularly at the points 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6
respectively as shown in the figure. Find the value of the integral  B.d l
 

around the closed path.

Q.10 Electric charge q is uniformly distributed over a rod of length l. The rod is placed parallel to a long wire
carrying a current i. The separation between the rod and the wire is a. Find the force needed to move the
rod along its length with a uniform velocity v.

Q.11 An electron moving with a velocity 5 × 106 ms–1 î in the uniform electric field of 5 × 107 Vm–1 ˆj . Find
the magnitude and direction of a minimum uniform magnetic field in tesla that will cause the electron to
move undeviated along its original path.
Magnetics Effect of Current [6]
Q.12 A charged particle (charge q, mass m) has velocity v0 at origin in +x direction. In space there is a uniform
magnetic field B in - z direction. Find the y coordinate of particle when is crosses y axis.

Q.13 A conducting circular loop of radius r carries a constant current i. It is placed in a uniform magnetic field
 
B 0 such that B 0 is perpendicular to the plane of the loop. Find the magnetic force acting on the loop is

Q.14 A rectangular loop of wire is oriented with the left corner at the origin, one edge
along X-axis and the other edge along Y-axis as shown in the figure. A magnetic
field is into the page and has a magnitude that is given by  = y where  is
contant. Find the total magnetic force on the loop if it carries current i.

Q.15 Two coils each of 100 turns are held such that one lies in the vertical plane with their centres coinciding.
The radius of the vertical coil is 20 cm and that of the horizontal coil is 30 cm . How would you neutralize
the magnetic field of the earth at their common centre ? What is the current to be passed through each
coil ? Horizontal component of earth's magnetic induction = 3.49 x 10 -5 T and angle of dip = 30º.

Q.16 Find the ratio of magnetic field magnitudes at a distance 10 m along the axis and at 60° from the axis,
from the centre of a coil of radius 1 cm, carrying a current 1 amp.

Q.17 A particle of charge +q and mass m moving under the influence of a uniform electric field E i and a
magnetic field B k enters in I quadrant of a coordinate system at a point (0, a) with initial velocity v i
and leaves the quadrant at a point (2a, 0) with velocity – 2v j . Find
(a) Magnitude of electric field
(b) Rate of work done by the electric field at point (0, a)
(c) Rate of work done by both the fields at (2a, 0).

Q.18 A system of long four parallel conductors whose sections with the plane of the
drawing lie at the vertices of a square there flow four equal currents. The directions
of these currents are as follows :
those marked  point away from the reader, while those marked with a dot
point towards the reader. How is the vector of magnetic induction directed at
the centre of the square?

Q.19 A cylindrical conductor of radius R carries a current along its length . The current density J, however, it
is not uniform over the cross section of the conductor but is a function of the radius according to J = br,
where b is a constant. Find an expression for the magnetic field B.
(a) at r1 < R & (b) at distance r2 > R, mesured from the axis

Q.20 A square current carrying loop made of thin wire and having a mass m =10g can
rotate without friction with respect to the vertical axis OO1, passing through the centre
of the loop at right angles to two opposite sides of the loop. The loop is placed in
a homogeneous magnetic field with an induction B = 10-1 T directed at right angles
to the plane of the drawing. A current I = 2A is flowing in the loop. Find the period
of small oscillations that the loop performs about its position of stable equilibrium.

Magnetics Effect of Current [7]

Q.21 A charged particle having mass m and charge q is accelerated by a potential difference V, it flies through
a uniform transverse magnetic field B. The field occupies a region of space d. Find the time interval for
which it remains inside the magnetic field.

Q.22 A proton beam passes without deviation through a region of space where there are uniform transverse
mutually perpendicular electric and magnetic field with E and B. Then the beam strikes a grounded
target. Find the force imparted by the beam on the target if the beam current is equal to I.

Q.23 An infinitely long straight wire carries a conventional current I as shown in the
figure. The rectangular loop carries a conventional current I' in the clockwise
direction. Find the net force on the rectangular loop.

Q.24 An arc of a circular loop of radius R is kept in the horizontal plane and a
constant magnetic field B is applied in the vertical direction as shown in the
figure. If the arc carries current I then find the force on the arc.

Q.25 Two long straight parallel conductors are separated by a distance of r1 = 5cm and carry currents
i1 = 10 A & i2 = 20 A . What work per unit length of a conductor must be done to increase the separation
between the conductors to r2 = 10 cm if , currents flow in the same direction?

List of recommended questions from I.E. Irodov.

3.220, 3.223, 3.224, 3.225, 3.226, 3.227, 3.228, 3.229, 3.230, 3.234, 3.236, 3.237, 3.242 3.243,
3.244, 3.245, 3.251, 3.252, 3.253, 3.254, 3.257, 3.258, 3.269, 3.372, 3.373, 3.383, 3.384,
3.386, 3.389, 3.390, 3.391, 3.396

Magnetics Effect of Current [8]

 EXERCISE # II
Q.1 Three infinitely long conductors R, S and T are lying in a horizontal plane as shown in the figure. The
currents in the respective conductors are
2
IR = I0sin (t  )
3
IS = I0sin (t)
2
IT = I0sin (t  )
3
Find the amplitude of the vertical component of the magnetic field at a point P, distance 'a' away from
the central conductor S.

Q.2 Four long wires each carrying current I as shown in the figure are placed
at the points A, B, C and D. Find the magnitude and direction of
(i) magnetic field at the centre of the square.
(ii) force per metre acting on wire at point D.

Q.3 An infinite wire, placed along z-axis, has current I1 in positive z-direction. Aconducting rod placed in xy plane
parallel to y-axis has current I2 in positive y-direction. The ends of the rod subtend + 30° and
– 60° at the origin with positive x-direction. The rod is at a distance a from the origin. Find net force on the rod.

Q.4 A square cardboard of side l and mass m is suspended from a horizontal axis XY as
shown in figure. A single wire is wound along the periphery of board and carrying a
clockwise current I. At t = 0, a vertical downward magnetic field of induction B is
switched on. Find the minimum value of B so that the board will be able to rotate up
to horizontal level.

Q.5 A straight segment OC (of length L meter) of a circuit carrying a current

I amp is placed along the x-axis. Two infinitely ling straight wires A and
B ,each extending form z = –  to + , are fixed at y = – a metre and
y = +a metre respectively, as shown in the figure. If the wires A and B
each carry a current I amp into plane of the paper. Obtain the expression
for the force acting on the segment OC. What will be the force OC if
current in the wire B is reversed?

Q.6 A very long straight conductor has a circular cross-section of radius R and carries
a current density J. Inside the conductor there is a cylindrical hole of radius a
whose axis is parallel to the axis of the conductor and a distance b from it. Let the
z-axis be the axis of the conductor, and let the axis of the hole be at x = b. Find the
magnetic field
(a) on the x = axis at x = 2R
(b) on the y = axis at y = 2R.

Q.7 Q charge is uniformly distributed over the same surface of a right circular cone
of semi-vertical angle  and height h. The cone is uniformly rotated about its axis
at angular velocity . Calculated associated magnetic dipole moment.

Magnetics Effect of Current [9]

Q.8 A wire loop carrying current I is placed in the X-Y plane as shown
in the figure
(a) If a particle with charge +Q and mass m is placed at the centre P
and given a velocity along NP (fig). Find its instantaneous acceleration

(b) If an external uniform magnetic induction field B = B i is applied,
find the torque acting on the loop due to the field.

Q.9 A long straight wire carries a current of 10 A directed along the negative
y-axis as shown in figure. A uniform magnetic field B 0 of magnitude 106 T
is directed parallel to the x-axis. What is the resultant magnetic field at the
following points?
(a) x = 0 , z = 2 m ; (b) x = 2 m, z = 0 ; (c) x = 0 , z =  0.5 m

Q.10 A stationary, circular wall clock has a face with a radius of 15cm. Six turns of wire are wound around
its perimeter, the wire carries a current 2.0 A in the clockwise direction. The clock is located, where
there is a constant , uniform external magnetic field of 70 mT (but the clock still keeps perfect time)
at exactly 1:00 pm, the hour hand of the clock points in the direction of the external magnetic field
(a) After how many minutes will the minute hand point in the direction of the torque on the winding due
to the magnetic field ?
(b) What is the magnitude of this torque.

Q.11 A U-shaped wire of mass m and length l is immersed with its two ends
in mercury (see figure). The wire is in a homogeneous field of magnetic
induction B. If a charge, that is, a current pulse q =  idt , is sent through
the wire, the wire will jump up.
Calculate, from the height h that the wire reaches, the size of the charge or current pulse, assuming
that the time of the current pulse is very small in comparision with the time of flight. Make use of the
fact that impulse of force equals  F dt ,which equals mv. Evaluate q for B = 0.1 Wb/m2, m = 10gm,
 = 20cm & h = 3 meters.[g = 10 m/s2]

Q.12 A current i, indicated by the crosses in fig. is established in a strip of copper

of height h and width w. A uniform field of magnetic induction B is applied
at right angles to the strip.
(a) Calculate the drift speed vd for the electrons.
(b) What are the magnitude and dirction of the magnetic force F acting on the
electrons?
(c) What would the magnitude & direction of homogeneous electric field E have
to be in order to counter balance the effect of the magnetic field ?
(d) What is the voltage V necessary between two sides of the conductor in order to create this field E?
Between which sides of the conductor would this voltage have to be applied ?
(e) If no electric field is applied form the outside the electrons will be pushed somewhat to one side &
thereforce will give rise to a uniform electric field EH across the conductor untill the force of this electrostatic
field EH balanace the magnetic forces encountered in part (b) . What will be the magnitude and direction
of the field EH? Assume that n, the number of conduction electrons per unit volume, is 1.1x1029/m3
& that h = 0.02 meter , w = 0.1cm , i = 50 amp , & B = 2 webers/meter2.

Magnetics Effect of Current [10]

Q.13(a) A rigid circular loop of radius r & mass m lies in the xy plane on a flat table and has a current
  
I flowing in it. At this particular place , the earth's magnetic field is B  Bx i  By j . How large must
I be before one edge of the loop will lift from table ?
  
(b) Repeat if, B  Bx i  Bz k .

Q.14 Zeeman effect . In Bohr's theory of the hydrogen atom the electron can be thought of as moving
in a circular orbit of radius r about the proton . Suppose that such an atom is placed in a magnetic
field, with the plane of the orbit at right angle to B.
(a) If the electron is circulating clockwise, as viewed by an observer sighting along B, will the angular
frequency increase or decrease?
(b) What if the electron is circulating counterclockwise? Assume that the orbit radius does not change.

Q.15 In above problem show that the change in frequency of rotation caused by the magnete field is given

approximately by v = ±
Be
4m
. Such frequency shifts were actually observed by Zeeman in 1896.

Q.16 A square loop of wire of edge a carries a current i .

(a) Show that B for a point on the axis of the loop and a distance x from its centre is given by,
4  0 ia 2
  4x 
B= .
 4 x2  a 2  2a 2
1/2
2

(b) Can the result of the above problem be reduced to give field at x = 0 ?
(c) Does the square loop behave like a dipole for points such that x >> a ? If so , what is its dipole moment?

Q.17 A conductor carrying a current i is placed parallel to a current

per unit width j0 and width d, as shown in the figure. Find
the force per unit lenght on the coductor.

Q.18 Find the work and power required to move the conductor of length l shown
in the fig. one full turn in the anticlockwise direction at a rotational frequency
of n revolutions per second if the magnetic field is of magnitude B0 everywhere
and points radially outwards from Z-axis. The figure shows the surface traced
by the wire AB.

Q.19 The figure shows a conductor of weight 1.0 N and length L = 0.5 m placed
on a rough inclined plane making an angle 300 with the horizontal so that conductor
is perpendicular to a uniform horizontal magnetic field of induction B = 0.10
T. The coefficient of static friction between the conductor and the plane is 0.1.
A current of I = 10 A flows through the conductor inside the plane of this
paper as shown. What is the force needed to be the applied parallel to the
inclined plane to sustaining the conductor at rest?

Q.20 An electron gun G emits electron of energy 2kev traveling in the (+)ve
x-direction. The electron are required to hit the spot S where
GS = 0.1m & the line GS makes an angle of 60° with the x-axis,

as shown in the fig. A uniform magnetic field B parallel to GS exists
in the region outsiees to electron gun. Find the minimum value of B
needed to make the electron hit S .
Magnetics Effect of Current [11]
 ANSWER KEY
EXERCISE # I

2  0i 5 (2 2  1)  0i
4 × 10–5 T
8 l a
Q.1 Q.2 Q.3
2 2

0I  3 1  0 i  3 
 k̂  ˆj     1
4R  4   4r  2 
Q.4 zero Q.5 Q.6

Q.7 B=
0 i
4R

2 2 2  2   1  Q.8 (i) 1.3 ×10–4T, (ii) zero Q.9 0 weber.m–1

 0iqv 2mv 0
2 a
Q.10 Q.11 10 k̂ Q.12 Q.13 zero
qB

Q.14 F = a2i ˆj Q.15 i1 = 0.1110 A, i2 = 0.096 A Q.16 4 7

3mv 2 3mv 3
Q.17 (a) , (b) , (c) zero Q.18 In the plane of the drawing from right to left
4qa 4a

 0 br12  0 bR 3
T0 = 2 
m
Q.19 B1 = , B2 = Q.20 = 0.57 s
3r2 6IB
3

  dB q 
Q.21 t= m , where  = sin–1  

qB  2mV 

 0 I I C  1 1 

mEI
2  a b 
Q.22 Q.23 to the left
Be

W  0 I1I 2 r2
 n = 27.6  J/m
2
Q.24 2 IRB Q.25
 r1

EXERCISE # II
 0I0 3b  0  4I 
  along Y-axis,
2  (a  b 2 ) 4  a 
Q.1 2 Q.2 (i)

 0  I 2  1
(ii) 4   2a  10 , tan 4     with positive axis
   3

Magnetics Effect of Current [17]

  0 I1I 2 mg
ln (3) along – ve z direction
4
Q.3 Q.4 2 Il

 
  I   L  a  
F=   n   k̂ , zero
    a 
Q.5

 0 J  a 2 R  1 a2   0 J  a 2 b 
     
(a) B = 2  2 R  b 2  , (b) Bx = 0  2  , By =
2  4R 2  b 2 
J R
 4 4R  b 
Q.6
 
2

QV  0 I  3 3   3 2
h tan 2  (a) m 6a   1 , (b) BI  a ˆj
Q 2 
Q.7 Q.8
4   3 4 

Q.9 (a) 0 (b) 1.41 × 10 –6 T , 45º in xz - plane, (c) 5 × 10 –6 T , + x - direction]

Q.10 (a) 20 min. (b) 5.94 x 10–2 Nm

Q.11 15 C

Q.12 (a) 1.4 x 104 m/s (b) 4.5 x 1023 N (down) (c) 2.8 x 104 V/m (down)
(d) 5.7 x 106 V (top + , bottom ) (e) same as (c)

mg
 
mg
Q.13 (a) I = (b) I = Q.14 (a) increase, (b) decrease
r   r Bx
1/ 2
B2x B2y

 0 iJ 0  d 
Q.17 tan 1 ( k̂ ) Q.18  2  r B0 i l ,  2  r B0 i l n
  2h 

Q.19 0.62 N < F < 0.88 N Q.20 Bmin = 4.7×10–3 T

EXERCISE # III

 ehB
Q.3 (i) m = 4m ;   8m
eh
Q.1 B Q.2 A Q.4 A

d 
z=0,x=±
I
 d 
Q.5 , (ii) Q.6 (i) D (ii) B, C (iii) A
3

q   qB
t + v 0 cos t + [v0 sin t] k , where  = ; k̂ = ( v 0 x E )/ v 0 x E 
    
Q.7 v = E
m m


Q.8 (a)  =
BI 0 L2
2
î ˆj (b)  =
3 BI 0
4 M
t2 Q.9 A

Magnetics Effect of Current [18]

ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION
&
ALTERNATING CURRENT

CONTENTS
KEY CONCEPTS
EXERCISE - I
EXERCISE - II
EXERCISE-III
ANSWER KEY
 EXERCISE–I
Q.1 The horizontal component of the earth’s magnetic field at a place is 3 × 10–4 T and the dip is tan–1(4/3).
A metal rod of length 0.25 m placed in the north-south position is moved at a constant speed of
10cm/s towards the east. Find the e.m.f. induced in the rod.
Q.2 A wire forming one cycle of sine curve is moved in x-y plane with velocity
 
V  Vx i  Vy j . There exist a magnetic field B   B 0 k . Find the motional
emf develop across the ends PQ of wire.
Q.3 A conducting circular loop is placed in a uniform magnetic field of 0.02 T, with its plane perpendicular to
the field . If the radius of the loop starts shrinking at a constant rate of 1.0 mm/s, then find the emf induced
in the loop, at the instant when the radius is 4 cm.
L
Q.4 Find the dimension of the quantity , where symbols have usual meaining.
RCV
Q.5 A rectangular loop with a sliding connector of length l = 1.0 m is situated
in a uniform magnetic field B = 2T perpendicular to the plane of loop.
Resistance of connector is r = 2. Two resistances of 6 and 3 are
connected as shown in figure. Find the external force required to keep
the connector moving with a constant velocity v = 2m/s.
Q.6 Two concentric and coplanar circular coils have radii a and b(>>a)as shown in figure.
Resistance of the inner coil is R. Current in the outer coil is increased
from 0 to i , then find the total charge circulating the inner coil.
Q.7 A horizontal wire is free to slide on the vertical rails of a conducting frame as shown
in figure. The wire has a mass m and length l and the resistance of the circuit is R. If
a uniform magnetic field B is directed perpendicular to the frame,
then find the terminal speed of the wire as it falls under the force of gravity.

Q.8 A metal rod of resistance 20 is fixed along a diameter of a conducting ring of radius 0.1 m and lies on

x-y plane. There is a magnetic field B = (50T) k̂ . The ring rotates with an angular velocity
 = 20 rad/sec about its axis. An external resistance of 10 is connected across the centre of the ring
and rim. Find the current through external resistance.
Q.9 In the given current, find the ratio of i1 to i2 where i1 is the initial (at t = 0)
current and i2 is steady state (at t = ) current through the battery.

Q.10 In the circuit shown, initially the switch is in position 1 for a long time.
Then the switch is shifted to position 2 for a long time. Find the total
heat produced in R2.

Q.11 Two resistors of 10 and 20 and an ideal inductor of 10H are connected
to a 2V battery as shown. The key K is shorted at time
t = 0. Find the initial (t = 0) and final (t ) currents through battery.

Q.12 There exists a uniform cylindrically symmetric magnetic field directed along the axis of a cylinder but varying
with time as B = kt. If an electron is released from rest in this field at a distance of ‘r’ from the axis of cylinder,
its acceleration, just after it is released would be (e and m are the electronic charge and mass respectively)

Electromagnetic Induction [5]

Q.13 An emf of 15 volt is applied in a circuit containing 5 H inductance and 10  resistance. Find the ratio of
the currents at time t =  and t = 1 second.
Q.14 A uniform magnetic field of 0.08 T is directed into the plane of the page and
perpendicular to it as shown in the figure. A wire loop in the plane of the page has
constant area 0.010 m2. The magnitude of magnetic field decrease at a constant rate
of 3.0 × 10–4 Ts–1. Find the magnitude and direction of the induced emf in the loop.

Q.15 In the circuit shown in figure switch S is closed at time t = 0. Find the
charge which passes through the battery in one time constant.

Q.16 Two coils, 1 & 2, have a mutual inductance = M and resistances R each. A current flows in coil 1, which
varies with time as: I1 = kt2 , where K is a constant and 't' is time. Find the total charge that has flown
through coil 2, between t = 0 and t = T.
Q.17 In a L–R decay circuit, the initial current at t = 0 is I. Find the total charge that has flown through the
resistor till the energy in the inductor has reduced to one–fourth its initial value.
Q.18 A charged ring of mass m = 50 gm, charge 2 coulomb and radius R = 2m is placed on a smooth horizontal
surface. A magnetic field varying with time at a rate of (0.2 t) Tesla/sec is applied on to the ring in a direction
normal to the surface of ring. Find the angular speed attained in a time t1 = 10 sec.
Q.19 A capacitor C with a charge Q0 is connected across an inductor through a
switch S. If at t = 0, the switch is closed, then find the instantaneous charge q on
the upper plate of capacitor.
Q.20 A uniform but time varying magnetic field B = Kt – C ; (0  t  C/K), where K and C are constants and
t is time, is applied perpendicular to the plane of the circular loop of radius ‘a’ and resistance R. Find the
total charge that will pass around the loop.
Q.21 A coil of resistance 300 and inductance 1.0 henry is connected across an alternating voltage of frequency
300/2 Hz. Calculate the phase difference between the voltage and current in the circuit.
Q.22 Find the value of an inductance which should be connected in series with a capacitor of 5 F, a resistance
of 10 and an ac source of 50 Hz so that the power factor of the circuit is unity.
Q.23 In an L-R series A.C circuit the potential difference across an inductance and resistance joined in series
are respectively 12 V and 16V. Find the total potential difference across the circuit.
Q.24 When 100 volt D.C. is applied across a coil, a current of one ampere flows through it, when 100 V ac of
50 Hz is applied to the same coil, only 0.5 amp flows. Calculate the resistance and inductance of the coil.
Q.25 A 50W, 100V lamp is to be connected to an ac mains of 200V, 50Hz. What capacitance is essential to
be put in series with the lamp.

List of recommended questions from I.E. Irodov.

3.288 to 3.299, 3.301 to 3.309, 3.311, 3.313, 3.315, 3.316, 3.326 to 3.329, 3.331,
3.333 to 3.335, 4.98, 4.99, 4.100, 4.134, 4.135, 4.121,
4.124, 4.125, 4.126, 4.136, 4.137, 4.141, 4.144

Electromagnetic Induction [6]

 EXERCISE–II
Q.1 Two straight conducting rails form a right angle where their ends are joined. A
conducting bar contact with the rails starts at vertex at the time t = 0 & moves
symmetrically with a constant velocity of 5.2 m/s to the right as shown in figure.
A 0.35 T magnetic field points out of the page. Calculate:
(i) The flux through the triangle by the rails & bar at t = 3.0 s.
(ii) The emf around the triangle at that time.
(iii) In what manner does the emf around the triangle vary with time .

Q.2 Two long parallel rails, a distance l apart and each having a resistance 
per unit length are joined at one end by a resistance R. A perfectly
conducting rod MN of mass m is free to slide along the rails without
friction. There is a uniform magnetic field of induction B normal to the
plane of the paper and directed into the paper. A variable force F is
applied to the rod MN such that, as the rod moves, a constant current
i flows through R. Find the velocity of the rod and the applied force F as
function of the distance x of the rod from R
Q.3 A wire is bent into 3 circular segments of radius r = 10 cm as shown in
figure . Each segment is a quadrant of a circle, ab lying in the xy plane,
bc lying in the yz plane & ca lying in the zx plane.
(i) if a magnetic field B points in the positive x direction, what is the
magnitude of the emf developed in the wire, when B increases at the
rate of 3 mT/s ?
(ii) what is the direction of the current in the segment bc.
Q.4 Consider the possibility of a new design for an electric train. The engine is driven by the force due to the
vertical component of the earths magnetic field on a conducting axle. Current is passed down one coil,
into a conducting wheel through the axle, through another conducting wheel & then back to the source
via the other rail.
(i) What current is needed to provide a modest 10  KN force ? Take the vertical component of the
earth's field be 10 T & the length of axle to be 3.0 m .
(ii) How much power would be lost for each  of resistivity in the rails ?
(iii) Is such a train realistic ?
Q.5 A square wire loop with 2 m sides in perpendicular to a uniform magnetic field,
with half the area of the loop in the field . The loop contains a 20 V battery with
negligible internal resistance. If the magnitude of the field varies with time
according to B = 0.042  0.87 t, with B in tesla & t in sec.
(i) What is the total emf in the circuit ?
(ii) What is the direction of the current through the battery ?

Q.6 A rectangular loop of dimensions l & w and resistance R moves with

constant velocity V to the right as shown in the figure. It continues to
move with same speed through a region containing a uniform magnetic
field B directed into the plane of the paper & extending a distance 3 W.
Sketch the flux, induced emf & external force acting on the loop as a
function of the distance.

Electromagnetic Induction [7]

Q.7 A rectangular loop with current I has dimension as shown in figure . Find the magnetic
flux  through the infinite region to the right of line PQ.

Q.8 A square loop of side 'a' & resistance R moves with a uniform velocity
v away from a long wire that carries current I as shown in the figure.
The loop is moved away from the wire with side AB always parallel to
the wire. Initially, distance between the side AB of the loop & wire is
'a'. Find the work done when the loop is moved through distance 'a'
from the initial position.
Q.9 Two long parallel conducting horizontal rails are connected by a conducting
wire at one end. A uniform magnetic field B exists in the region of space. A
light uniform ring of diameter d which is practically equal to separation
between the rails, is placed over the rails as shown in the figure. If resistance
of ring is  per unit length, calculate the force required to pull the ring with
uniform velocity v.

Q.10 A long straight wire is arranged along the symmetry axis of a toroidal coil of
rectangular crosssection, whose dimensions are given in the figure. The number
of turns on the coil is N, and relative permeability of the surrounding medium is
unity. Find the amplitude of the emf induced in this coil, if the current i = im cos
t
flows along the straight wire.


Q.11 A uniform magnetic field B fills a cylindrical volumes of radius R. A metal
rod CD of length l is placed inside the cylinder along a chord of the circular
cross-section as shown in the figure. If the magnitude of magnetic field
increases in the direction of field at a constant rate dB/dt, find the magnitude
and direction of the EMF induced in the rod.

Q.12 A variable magnetic field creates a constant emf E in a conductor ABCDA.

The resistances of portion ABC, CDA and AMC are R1, R2 and R3
respectively. What current will be shown by meter M? The magnetic field
is concentrated near the axis of the circular conductor.

Q.13 In the circuit shown in the figure the switched S1 and S2 are
closed at time t = 0. After time t = (0.1) ln 2 sec, switch S2 is
opened. Find the current in the circuit at time t = (0.2) ln 2 sec.

Q.14 Find the values of i1 and i2

(i) immediately after the switch S is closed.
(ii) long time later, with S closed.
(iii) immediately after S is open.
(iv) long time after S is opened.

Electromagnetic Induction [8]

Q.15 Consider the circuit shown in figure. The oscillating source of emf deliver
a sinusoidal emf of amplitude emax and frequency  to the inductor L and
two capacitors C1 and C2. Find the maximum instantaneous current in
each capacitor.

Q.16 Suppose the emf of the battery, the circuit shown varies with time t so the current
is given by i(t) = 3 + 5t, where i is in amperes & t is in seconds. Take R = 4,
L = 6H & find an expression for the battery emf as function of time.

Q.17 A current of 4 A flows in a coil when connected to a 12 V dc source. If the same coil is connected to a
12V, 50 rad/s ac source a current of 2.4 A flows in the circuit. Determine the inductance of the coil. Also
find the power developed in the circuit if a 2500 F capacitor is connected in series with the coil.

Q.18 An LCR series circuit with 100 resistance is connected to an ac source of 200 V and angular frequency
300 rad/s. When only the capacitance is removed, the current lags behind the voltage by 60°. When only
the inductance is removed, the current leads the voltage by 60°. Calculate the current and the power
dissipated in the LCR circuit.

Q.19 A box P and a coil Q are connected in series with an ac source of variable frequency. The emf of source
at 10 V. Box P contains a capacitance of 1F in series with a resistance of 32 coil Q has a self-inductance
4.9 mH and a resistance of 68 series. The frequency is adjusted so that the maximum current flows in
P and Q. Find the impedance of P and Q at this frequency. Also find the voltage across P and Q
respectively.

Q.20 A series LCR circuit containing a resistance of 120 has angular resonance frequency 4 × 105 rad s–1.
At resonance the voltages across resistance and inductance are 60 V and 40 V respectively. Find the
values of L and C. At what frequency the current in the circuit lags the voltage by 45°?

Electromagnetic Induction [9]

 ANSWER KEY
EXERCISE–I
Q.1 10 V Q.2 VyB0 Q.3 5.0 V Q.4 I–1 Q.5 2N
 0ia 2  mgR 1 LE 2
Q.6 Q.7 Q.8 A Q.9 0.8 Q.10
2Rb B 2l 2 3 2R 12
1 1
Q.11 A, A
15 10
erk
Q.12 directed along tangent to the circle of radius r, whose centre lies on the axis of cylinder..
2m
e2 EL
e 1
Q.13 2 Q.14 3V, clockwise Q.15 Q.16 kM T 2/(R) Q.17 L I 2R
eR 2

 1 
   /4
Q.18 200 rad/sec Q.19 q = Q0sin  LC t  Q.20 C a2 R Q.21
 2 

 2H
20
3  H C = 9.2 F
2
Q.22 Q.23 20 V Q.24 R = 100, Q.25

EXERCISE–II
I(R  2x ) 2I 2 m (R  2x )
Q.1 (i) 85.22 Tm2; (ii) 56.8 V; (iii) linearly Q.2 ,  BId
Bd B2 d 2
Q.3 (i) 2.4 × 105 V (ii) from c to b Q.4 (i) 3.3 × 108 A, (ii) 1.1 × 1017 W, (iii) totally unrealistic

0 ab
Q.7  =
2
Q.5 21.74 V, anticlockwise Q.6 IL ln
a

 0 2 I 2 a 2 V  2 2 3   0 I aV 1 3 4B 2 d  0 hi m N
2 2

 3  n 4 
b
Q.8   n  = 2 2 R  
Q.9

Q.10
2
ln
4 2 R  3a a 4  a

l2 E R1
R2 
l dB
Q.11 Q.12 R R  R R  R R Q.13 67/32 A
2 dt 4 1 2 2 3 3 1
Q.14 (i) i1 = i2 = 10/3 A, (ii) i1 = 50/11 A ; i2 = 30/11 A, (iii) i1 = 0, i2 = 20/11 A, (iv) i1 = i2 = 0
 max  max
Q.15 C2= ; C1= Q.16 42 + 20t volt
 C1   C 2  C1  
1   L   1   L  
1 1
 C 2  (C1  C 2 )  C1  C 2  (C1  C 2 ) 
Q.17 0.08 H,17.28 W Q.18 2A, 400W Q.19 77, 97.6, 7.7V, 9.76V
1
Q.20 0.2 mH, F, 8 × 105 rad/s
32

Electromagnetic Induction [15]